Automation and Employment: What Should (and Shouldn t) We Worry About?
|
|
|
- Crystal Russell
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Automation and Employment: What Should (and Shouldn t) We Worry About? David Autor Ford Professor of Economics and Associate Head MIT Economics Growth Dialogue 22 September 2017 World Bank, DC
2
3 Employment of U.S. Adults Has Risen in All But Two Decades of the Last 125 Years EMPLOYM ENT TO P OPUL ATION RATIO OF U.S. ADU LTS % 70% 60% 52% 54% 54% 53% 52% 55% 60% 59% 60% 64% 67% 67% 65% 63% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%
4 Why Are There Still So Many Jobs?
5 O - Ring
6 Still on the Job: U.S. Bank Tellers in the ATM Era Bessen 2015
7 Space Shuttle Challenger Liftoff, January 28, 1986
8 Never Get Enough
9 Harvesting Productivity: Falling U.S. Agricultural Employment Share, Johnston 2012
10 So, Is there Nothing to Worry About?
11 Wealth Welfare World Happiness Report Rankings # 7 GDP Per Capita # 11 Healthy Life Expectancy # 27 # 76 Freedom to Make Life Choices # 4 # 44 Confidence in National Government # 33 # 127
12 What s the Challenge?
13 Not Running out of Jobs U.S. Added 16.6 Million Jobs, Feb 2010 Jul Million Million
14 Biased Technical Change Shrinking Middle: The Barbell Labor Market (AKA Job Polarization) 1979 Low Skill 13.7% Medium Skill 61.1% High Skill 25.2% 2016 Low Skill 18.2% Medium Skill 43.2% High Skill 38.6% Tu zemen and Willis 2013 Autor and Dorn 2013
15 Rising to the Challenge
16 Harvesting Productivity: Falling U.S. Agricultural Employment Share Johnston 2012
17
18 The Contemporary Debate 1. Techno-pessimism Nothing new under the sun (Gordon 2. Techno-dystopianism 16) The machines will soon rule the world (Kurzweil 05, Musk, Tegmark) 3. Techno-optimism Conditions never better for rapid advances (Mokyr 17, Brynjolfsson, McAfee, Rock, Syverson 17) 4. Techno-adaptationism Plenty of new work for people, big adjustments needed (Acemoglu-Restrepo 17, Autor- Salomons 17)
19 Techno-Pessimism: All of the Great Stuff s Already Been Invented Gordon, The Rise and Fall of American Growth, 2016
20 4 3.5 Slow Labor Productivity Growth in the U.S. + Developed World in the 2000 s No Compelling Case that this is Primarily a Mismeasurement Problem Avg. LP Avg. TFP Avg. TFPua s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s Brynjolfsson, Rock, and Syverson 2017
21 Buzz Aldrin is Disappointed Buzz Aldrin, Apollo 11 Pilot. The second person to walk on the Moon
22 The Contemporary Debate 1. Techno-pessimism Nothing new under the sun (Gordon 16) 2. Techno-dystopianism The machines will soon rule the world (Kurzweil 05, Musk, Tegmark) 3. Techno-optimism Conditions never better for rapid advances (Mokyr 17, Brynjolfsson, McAfee, Rock, Syverson 17) 4. Techno-adaptationism Plenty of new work for people, big adjustments needed (Acemoglu-Restrepo 17, Autor- Salomons 17)
23 Techno-Dystopians Machines will Soon Rule the World Based on Frey and Osborne, 2013
24 Moore s Law: Transistor Density on Integrated Circuits Doubling Approximately Every Two Years The Economist Technology Quarterly, March 2016
25 Median 0 to 60 MPH Acceleration Time of U.S. Vehicles Fell by 50% Between 1983 and 2010 McKenzie and Heywood 2012
26 Hours of Annual Motor Vehicle Delay Per U.S. Traveler Rose 100% - 250% Between 1982 and 2005 U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration
27 The Contemporary Debate 1. Techno-pessimism Nothing new under the sun (Gordon 16) 2. Techno-dystopianism The machines will soon rule the world (Kurzweil 05, Musk, Tegmark) 3. Techno-optimism Conditions never better for rapid advances (Mokyr 17, Brynjolfsson, McAfee, Rock, Syverson 17) 4. Techno-adaptationism Plenty of new work for people, big adjustments needed (Acemoglu-Restrepo 17, Autor- Salomons 17)
28 Machine Capabilities Rising Exponentially Productivity Gains May Follow Brynjolfsson, Rock, and Syverson 2017
29 What Makes a Chair a Chair? Grabner, Gall and Gool, 2001
30 The Contemporary Debate 1. Techno-pessimism Nothing new under the sun (Gordon 16) 2. Techno-dystopianism The machines will soon rule the world (Kurzweil 05, Musk, Tegmark) 3. Techno-optimism Conditions never better for rapid advances (Mokyr 17, Brynjolfsson, McAfee, Rock, Syverson 17) 4. Techno-adaptationism Plenty of new work for people, big adjustments needed (Acemoglu-Restrepo 17, Autor- Salomons 17)
31 Biased Technical Change Shrinking Middle: The Barbell Labor Market (AKA Job Polarization) 1979 Low Skill 13.7% Medium Skill 61.1% High Skill 25.2% 2016 Low Skill 18.2% Medium Skill 43.2% High Skill 38.6% Tu zemen and Willis 2013 Autor and Dorn 2013
32 Some Evidence that Robots Are Diminishing Employment and Earnings Acemoglu and Restrepo 2017
33 Robotics May Pose a Greater Challenge to the Value of Human Capital in the Developing World
34 Premature Deindustrialization: Manufacturing Employment Peaking at Lower GDP Levels Rodrik 2015
35 Premature Deindustrialization: Robotics May Exacerbate the Challenge 1. Manufactured goods become more robotintensive, less labor-intensive 2. Rich countries more self-sufficient buying less labor from developing world 3. Might not reduce developing country employment 4. But might shunt labor into low-productivity services, retard development Rodrik 2015
36 The Contemporary Debate 1. Techno-pessimism Nothing new under the sun (Gordon 16) 2. Techno-dystopianism The machines will soon rule the world (Kurzweil 05, Musk, Tegmark) 3. Techno-optimism Conditions never better for rapid advances (Mokyr 17, Brynjolfsson, McAfee, Rock, Syverson 17) 4. Techno-adaptationism Plenty of new work for people, big adjustments needed (Acemoglu-Restrepo 17, Autor- Salomons 17)
37 Productivity Increase has Always had an Ambiguous Relationship with Industry not Aggregate Employment U.S. Textile Workers U.S. Primary Iron & Steel Workers Bessen 2017
38 The Paradox of Labor Saving Technical Progress: (+) Spillovers via Production & Consumption Links Autor and Salomons 2017
39 Some Preliminary Evidence that the Virtuous Link Between Productivity & Employment is Weakening Autor and Salomons 2017
40 The Challenge: Scarcity or Abundance? Robert Heilbroner s warning in 1964 As machines continue to invade society, duplicating greater and greater numbers of social tasks, it is human labor itself that is gradually rendered redundant. Herbert Simon s response to Heilbroner in 1966 The world s problems in this generation and the next are problems of scarcity, not of intolerable abundance. The bogey-man of automation consumes worrying capacity that should be saved for real problems
THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN ECONOMIC GROWTH PARIS. Globalization and the Rise of the Robots
THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN ECONOMIC GROWTH PARIS Globalization and the Rise of the Robots A policy brief by Dalia Marin, University of Munich and CEPR Globalization and the Rise of Robots Dalia Marin University
Distributional Consequences of Trade and Technology
Distributional Consequences of Trade and Technology Gordon Hanson UC San Diego and NBER Conference on Labor Market Consequences of International Trade October 2018 Political Opposition to International
10/11/2017. Chapter 6. The graph shows that average hourly earnings for employees (and selfemployed people) doubled since 1960
Chapter 6 1. Discuss three US labor market trends since 1960 2. Use supply and demand to explain the labor market 3. Use supply and demand to explain employment and real wage trends since 1960 4. Define
Over the past three decades, the share of middle-skill jobs in the
The Vanishing Middle: Job Polarization and Workers Response to the Decline in Middle-Skill Jobs By Didem Tüzemen and Jonathan Willis Over the past three decades, the share of middle-skill jobs in the United
Earnings Inequality: Stylized Facts, Underlying Causes, and Policy
Earnings Inequality: Stylized Facts, Underlying Causes, and Policy Barry Hirsch Department of Economics Andrew Young School of Policy Sciences Georgia State University Prepared for Atlanta Economics Club
How Has Job Polarization Contributed to the Increase in Non-Participation of Prime-Age Men?
How Has Job Polarization Contributed to the Increase in Non-Participation of Prime-Age Men? Didem Tüzemen and Jonathan L. Willis February 15, 2017 Abstract Non-participation among prime-age men in the
Has Globalization Helped or Hindered Economic Development? (EA)
Has Globalization Helped or Hindered Economic Development? (EA) Most economists believe that globalization contributes to economic development by increasing trade and investment across borders. Economic
The impact of Chinese import competition on the local structure of employment and wages in France
No. 57 February 218 The impact of Chinese import competition on the local structure of employment and wages in France Clément Malgouyres External Trade and Structural Policies Research Division This Rue
BREAKING THE CURSE IN AFRICA Yes, the Resource Curse!
GEIA POLICY BRIEF NO. 2016/007 BREAKING THE CURSE IN AFRICA Yes, the Resource Curse! www.econinstitute.org BREAKING THE CURSE IN AFRICA Yes, the Resource Curse! 1.0 Background Do natural resources automatically
International Trade Revised: November 8, 2012 Latest version available at
International Economics and Business Dynamics Class Notes International Trade Revised: November 8, 2012 Latest version available at http://www.fperri.net/teaching/20205.htm Virtually all economists, liberal
Discussion of. Where Have All the Workers Gone? (Krueger 2017)
Discussion of Where Have All the Workers Gone? (Krueger 2017) Matthew J. Notowidigdo Northwestern University, Institute for Policy Research, and NBER Summary Impressively thorough paper, lots of new and
1. Define GDP. The market value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given time period
Economics 1. Define GDP. The market value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given time period 2. GDP represents the aggregate or the whole economy. 3. List the 4 components
Inequality in China: Rural poverty persists as urban wealth
Inequality in China: Rural poverty persists as urban wealth balloons 29 June 2011 Last updated at 22:36 GMT By Dr Damian Tobin School of Oriental and African Studies The rapid growth of China's economy
Earnings Inequality: Stylized Facts, Underlying Causes, and Policy
Earnings Inequality: Stylized Facts, Underlying Causes, and Policy Barry Hirsch W.J. Usery Chair of the American Workplace Department of Economics Andrew Young School of Policy Sciences Georgia State University
Enhancement of Attraction of Utility Model System
Enhancement of Attraction of Utility Model System January 2004 Patent System Subcommittee, Intellectual Property Policy Committee Industrial Structure Council Chapter 1 Desirable utility model system...
HOW ECONOMIES GROW AND DEVELOP Macroeconomics In Context (Goodwin, et al.)
Chapter 17 HOW ECONOMIES GROW AND DEVELOP Macroeconomics In Context (Goodwin, et al.) Chapter Overview This chapter presents material on economic growth, such as the theory behind it, how it is calculated,
Mexico: How to Tap Progress. Remarks by. Manuel Sánchez. Member of the Governing Board of the Bank of Mexico. at the. Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
Mexico: How to Tap Progress Remarks by Manuel Sánchez Member of the Governing Board of the Bank of Mexico at the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas Houston, TX November 1, 2012 I feel privileged to be with
Chapter 2: The U.S. Economy: A Global View
Chapter 2: The U.S. Economy: A Global View 1. Approximately how much of the world's output does the United States produce? A. 4 percent. B. 20 percent. C. 30 percent. D. 1.5 percent. The United States
CIE Economics A-level
CIE Economics A-level Topic 4: The Macroeconomy c) Classification of countries Notes Indicators of living standards and economic development The three dimensions of the Human Development Index (HDI) The
Is This Time Different? The Opportunities and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence
Is This Time Different? The Opportunities and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence Jason Furman Chairman, Council of Economic Advisers The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Washington,
Explanations of Slow Growth in Productivity and Real Wages
Explanations of Slow Growth in Productivity and Real Wages America s Greatest Economic Problem? Introduction Slow growth in real wages is closely related to slow growth in productivity. Only by raising
MADE IN THE U.S.A. The U.S. Manufacturing Sector is Poised for Growth
MADE IN THE U.S.A. The U.S. Manufacturing Sector is Poised for Growth For at least the last century, manufacturing has been one of the most important sectors of the U.S. economy. Even as we move increasingly
Visi n. Imperative 6: A Prosperous Economy
Imperative 6: A Prosperous Economy North Carolina 20/20: Report of the North Carolina Progress Board 6.1 2 2 Visi n North Carolina s growing, diversified economy is competitive in the global marketplace.
Reducing income inequality by economics growth in Georgia
Reducing income inequality by economics growth in Georgia Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Faculty of Economics and Business PhD student in Economics Nino Kontselidze Abstract Nowadays Georgia has
Technological Change and Earnings Polarization: Implications for Skill Demand and Economic Growth
Economics Program Working Paper Series Technological Change and Earnings Polarization: Implications for Skill Demand and Economic Growth David Autor Massachusetts Institute for Technology September 2007
Working Paper. Impact on Employment and Migration of Structural and Rural Transformation by David Tschirley and Thomas Reardon
MSU International Development Working Paper Impact on Employment and Migration of Structural and Rural Transformation by David Tschirley and Thomas Reardon MSU International Development Working Paper 144
Explaining the two-way causality between inequality and democratization through corruption and concentration of power
MPRA Munich Personal RePEc Archive Explaining the two-way causality between inequality and democratization through corruption and concentration of power Eren, Ozlem University of Wisconsin Milwaukee December
INEQUALITY IN BANGLADESH Facts, Sources, Consequences and Policies
Bangladesh Economists Forum INEQUALITY IN BANGLADESH Facts, Sources, Consequences and Policies Azizur Rahman Khan Qazi Kholiquzzaman Ahmad June 21-22, 2014 1 B E F F i r s t C o n f e r e n c e, H o t
Speech given by Mervyn King, Governor of the Bank of England. At Salts Mills, Bradford, Yorkshire 13 June 2005
1 Speech given by Mervyn King, Governor of the Bank of England At Salts Mills, Bradford, Yorkshire 13 June 2005 All speeches are available online at www.bankofengland.co.uk/publications/pages/speeches/default.aspx
Frustration, and even rage, over poor socio-economic
Growth and Convergence in the Arab Region Hafez Ghanem Senior Fellow, Global Economy and Development, The Brookings Institution Frustration, and even rage, over poor socio-economic and political conditions
The labour share in the service economy
Labour market The labour share in the service economy Luis Díez Catalán - Spain and Portugal Unit Key messages Labour s share of national income has dropped in most of the developed countries and emerging
ECONOMIC GROWTH* Chapt er. Key Concepts
Chapt er 6 ECONOMIC GROWTH* Key Concepts The Basics of Economic Growth Economic growth is the expansion of production possibilities. The growth rate is the annual percentage change of a variable. The growth
Is Technology Raising Demand for Skills, or Are Skills Raising Demand for Technology?
Is Technology Raising Demand for Skills, or Are Skills Raising Demand for Technology? BY ETHAN LEWIS Since the late 1990s, incomes of the highest earning Americans have risen faster than the income of
Economic Growth & Population Decline What To Do About Latvia?
Economic Growth & Population Decline What To Do About Latvia? Edward Hugh Riga: March 2012 Warning It Is Never Too Late To do Something, But This Is Not An Excuse For Doing Nothing. As We All Know, Latvia
Provincial Review 2016: Western Cape
Provincial Review 2016: Western Cape The Western Cape s real economy is dominated by manufacturing and commercial agriculture. As a result, while it did not benefit directly from the commodity boom, it
UNION COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS, FALL 2004 ECO 146 SEMINAR IN GLOBAL ECONOMIC ISSUES GLOBALIZATION AND LABOR MARKETS
UNION COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS, FALL 2004 ECO 146 SEMINAR IN GLOBAL ECONOMIC ISSUES GLOBALIZATION AND LABOR MARKETS The Issues wage inequality between skilled and unskilled labor the effects of
Why growth matters: How India s growth acceleration has reduced poverty
Why growth matters: How India s growth acceleration has reduced poverty A presentation by Professor Arvind Panagariya Prof Arvind Panagariya, the Jagdish Bhagwati Professor of Indian Political Economy
GED Social Studies Focus Sheet: Lesson 16
Focus Sheet: Lesson 16 FOCUS: The Jazz Age Advances of Technology: Cars and Radio Prohibition The Great Depression: Causes and Results Stock Market Crash The Dust Bowl Unemployment and Bread Lines The
III. Wage Inequality and Labour Market Institutions. A. Changes over Time and Cross-Countries Comparisons
III. Wage Inequality and Labour Market Institutions A. Changes over Time and Cross-Countries Comparisons 1. Stylized Facts 1. Overall Wage Inequality 2. Residual Wage Dispersion 3. Returns to Skills/Education
Wages and Inequality: How resetting rules of labor market generated wage stagnation and inequality
June 2015 Wages and Inequality: How resetting rules of labor market generated wage stagnation and inequality The Great Polarization University of Utah September 2018 Larry Mishel Distinguished Fellow,
Econ Global Inequality and Growth. Introduction. Gabriel Zucman
Introduction zucman@berkeley.edu 1 Roadmap 1. What is this course about? 2. Inequality and growth in the history of economic thought 3. Course organization: grading, readings, etc. 4. Overview of the five
Politics Of Income Inequality In U. S.
Politics Of Income Inequality In U. S. If you are searching for a book Politics of Income Inequality in U. S. in pdf format, then you've come to loyal website. We present full version of this book in txt,
Industrial Development
Industrial Development Rapid growth 1865 1914 Abundance of cheap natural resources Large pools of labor immigrants Largest free trade market in the world Capital, no government regulation New technological
Trends in the Income Gap Between. Developed Countries and Developing Countries,
Trends in the Income Gap Between Developed Countries and Developing Countries, 1960-1995 Donghyun Park Assistant Professor Room No. S3 B1A 10 Nanyang Business School Nanyang Technological University Singapore
Introduction [to Imports, Exports, and Jobs]
![Introduction [to Imports, Exports, and Jobs]](/thumbs/75/71593171.jpg "Introduction [to Imports, Exports, and Jobs]")
Upjohn Press Book Chapters Upjohn Research home page 2002 Introduction [to Imports, Exports, and Jobs] Lori G. Kletzer University of California, Santa Cruz Citation Kletzer, Lori G. 2002. "Introduction."
Phoenix from the Ashes: The Recovery of the Baltics from the 2008/09 Crisis
Phoenix from the Ashes: The Recovery of the Baltics from the 2008/09 Crisis Baltic International Centre for Economic Policy Studies and Stockholm School of Economics Riga Seminar, 29 May 2018 Bas B. Bakker
HIGHLIGHTS. There is a clear trend in the OECD area towards. which is reflected in the economic and innovative performance of certain OECD countries.
HIGHLIGHTS The ability to create, distribute and exploit knowledge is increasingly central to competitive advantage, wealth creation and better standards of living. The STI Scoreboard 2001 presents the
Economic Consequences of Trade
Economic Consequences of Trade Robert Feenstra UC Davis and NBER NBER July 10, 2018 Economic Consequences of Trade and Trade Policy Robert Feenstra UC Davis and NBER NBER July 10, 2018 Background All recent
Emerging Giants: Perspectives on China and India
Emerging Giants: Perspectives on China and India Cletus Coughlin, Senior Vice President November 13, 2012 The views expressed here are those of the speakers, and do not necessarily represent the views
General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Examination January 2011
General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Examination January 2011 Economics ECON4 Unit 4 The National and International Economy Tuesday 1 February 2011 1.30 pm to 3.30 pm For this paper you must
The Past and Future of American Economic Growth. Robert J. Gordon Centre for the Study of Living Standards Ottawa, September 14, 2017
The Past and Future of American Economic Growth Robert J. Gordon Centre for the Study of Living Standards Ottawa, September 14, 2017 1 Trump Boasted That He Will Boost Growth to 4% Per Year Actual growth
Office of Development Effectiveness
Office of Development Effectiveness Evaluations of Australia s humanitarian response to crises in the Horn of Africa and Syria Mr Simon Ernst Dr Karen Ovington w Evaluation of Australia s response to the
VENEZUELA: Oil, Inflation and Prospects for Long-Term Growth
VENEZUELA: Oil, Inflation and Prospects for Long-Term Growth Melody Chen and Maggie Gebhard 9 April 2007 BACKGROUND The economic history of Venezuela is unique not only among its neighbors, but also among
A2 Economics. Standard of Living and Economic Progress. tutor2u Supporting Teachers: Inspiring Students. Economics Revision Focus: 2004
Supporting Teachers: Inspiring Students Economics Revision Focus: 2004 A2 Economics Standard of Living and Economic Progress tutor2u (www.tutor2u.net) is the leading free online resource for Economics,
HAS GROWTH PEAKED? 2018 growth forecasts revised upwards as broad-based recovery continues
HAS GROWTH PEAKED? 2018 growth forecasts revised upwards as broad-based recovery continues Regional Economic Prospects May 2018 Stronger growth momentum: Growth in Q3 2017 was the strongest since Q3 2011
Public Affairs 856 Trade, Competition, and Governance in a Global Economy Lecture 22 4/10/2017. Instructor: Prof. Menzie Chinn UW Madison Spring 2017
Public Affairs 856 Trade, Competition, and Governance in a Global Economy Lecture 22 4/10/2017 Instructor: Prof. Menzie Chinn UW Madison Spring 2017 Outline Immigration FDI 2 Outline Topic: The movement
The Factors Affecting American Economy From : Which Were. The United States economy was stimulated by many factors between
The Factors Affecting American Economy From 1800 1860: Which Were Most Important And Why William Heegaard Sometime in High School The United States economy was stimulated by many factors between 1800 and
VIETNAM FOCUS. The Next Growth Story In Asia?
The Next Growth Story In Asia? Vietnam s economic policy has dramatically transformed the nation since 9, spurring fast economic and social development. Consequently, Vietnam s economy took off booming
Capitalism in an Age of Robots
Institute for New Economic Thinking Capitalism in an Age of Robots Adair Turner Chairman Institute for New Economic Thinking Azim Premji University Bangalore, 2 October 2017 ineteconomics.org facebook.com/ineteconomics
Public Affairs 856 Trade, Competition, and Governance in a Global Economy Lecture 23 4/18/2018. Instructor: Prof. Menzie Chinn UW Madison Spring 2018
Public Affairs 856 Trade, Competition, and Governance in a Global Economy Lecture 23 4/18/2018 Instructor: Prof. Menzie Chinn UW Madison Spring 2018 Outline Immigration FDI 2 Outline Topic: The movement
Brazil, Cuba & Mexico
Brazil, Cuba & Mexico Standards SS6E1 Analyze different economic systems. a. Compare how traditional, command, and market economies answer the economic questions of 1-what to produce, 2- how to produce,
U.S. Workers Diverging Locations: Policy and Inequality Implications
SIEPR policy brief Stanford University July 2014 Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research on the web: http://siepr.stanford.edu U.S. Workers Diverging Locations: Policy and Inequality Implications
Edexcel (B) Economics A-level
Edexcel (B) Economics A-level Theme 2: The Wider Economic Environment 2.4 Life in a Global Economy 2.4.2 Developed, emerging and developing economies Notes Indicators of growth: o GDP per capita GDP per
GLOBALIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT
GLOBALIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT JOSEPH E. STIGLITZ TOKYO JULY 2007 The Successes of Globalization China and India, with 2.4 billion people, growing at historically unprecedented rates Continuing the successes
There is a seemingly widespread view that inequality should not be a concern
Chapter 11 Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction: Do Poor Countries Need to Worry about Inequality? Martin Ravallion There is a seemingly widespread view that inequality should not be a concern in countries
Global Economic Prospects. Managing the Next Wave of Globalization
Global Economic Prospects Managing the Next Wave of Globalization 2007 REGIONAL ECONOMIC PROSPECTS Middle East and North Africa regional prospects 5 Recent developments Thanks to oil revenues surging in
Fordham International Law Journal
Fordham International Law Journal Volume 19, Issue 1 1995 Article 4 Vietnam: Potential Market and New Opportunities Ngo Quang Xuan Copyright c 1995 by the authors. Fordham International Law Journal is
SOME FACTS ABOUT MEXICO'S TRADE
1 PART II: CHAPTER 1 (Revised February 2004) MEXICAN FOREIGN TRADE As noted in Part I, Mexico pursued a development strategy called importsubstitution industrialization for over 30 years. This means that
Whether these changes are good or bad depends in part on how we adapt to them. But, ready or not, here they come.
Agenda 21 will transform America but into what??? CHANGES ARE COMING ---- Whether these changes are good or bad depends in part on how we adapt to them. But, ready or not, here they come. The United States
Chapter 18: Development and Globalization Section 1
Chapter 18: Development and Globalization Section 1 Objectives 1. Understand what is meant by developed nations and less developed countries. 2. Identify the tools used to measure levels of development.
In the early Antebellum era ( ), the U.S. economy grew rapidly The South, North, and West each developed specialized regional economies that
In the early Antebellum era (1800-1840), the U.S. economy grew rapidly The South, North, and West each developed specialized regional economies that became connected into a national market economy The
International Economics Day 2. Douglas J Young Professor Emeritus MSU
International Economics Day 2 Douglas J Young Professor Emeritus MSU djyoung@montana.edu Goals/Schedule 1. How does International Trade affect Jobs, Wages and the Cost of Living? 2. How Do Trade Barriers
TRENDS IN INCOME INEQUALITY: GLOBAL, INTER-COUNTRY, AND WITHIN COUNTRIES Zia Qureshi 1
TRENDS IN INCOME INEQUALITY: GLOBAL, INTER-COUNTRY, AND WITHIN COUNTRIES Zia Qureshi 1 Over the last three decades, inequality between countries has decreased while inequality within countries has increased.
ECON MACROECONOMIC PRINCIPLES Instructor: Dr. Juergen Jung Towson University. J.Jung Chapter 18 - Trade Towson University 1 / 42
ECON 202 - MACROECONOMIC PRINCIPLES Instructor: Dr. Juergen Jung Towson University J.Jung Chapter 18 - Trade Towson University 1 / 42 Disclaimer These lecture notes are customized for the Macroeconomics
Remarks on the Political Economy of Inequality
Remarks on the Political Economy of Inequality Bank of England Tim Besley LSE December 19th 2014 TB (LSE) Political Economy of Inequality December 19th 2014 1 / 35 Background Research in political economy
Economies of South Africa & Nigeria
Economies of South Africa & Nigeria Essential Question How do the African economies of South Africa and Nigeria compare and contrast? I CAN Explain how the African economies of South Africa and Nigeria
Economic Globalization Under Pressure Why People in Industrial Nations Are Increasingly Critical of Globalization
Page 32 Trilogue Salzburg 2017 Economic Globalization Under Pressure Why People in Industrial Nations Are Increasingly Critical of Globalization Thieß Petersen Main Impacts of Increasing Globalization
Note Taking Study Guide DAWN OF THE INDUSTRIAL AGE
SECTION 1 DAWN OF THE INDUSTRIAL AGE Focus Question: What events helped bring about the Industrial Revolution? As you read this section in your textbook, complete the following flowchart to list multiple
Professor Christina Romer. LECTURE 12 RISING INEQUALITY March 5, 2019
Economics 2 Spring 2019 Professor Christina Romer Professor David Romer LECTURE 12 RISING INEQUALITY March 5, 2019 I. OVERVIEW OF RISING INEQUALITY A. Types of income and rising income inequality B. Reasons
PROGRAM ON HOUSING AND URBAN POLICY
Institute of Business and Economic Research Fisher Center for Real Estate and Urban Economics PROGRAM ON HOUSING AND URBAN POLICY PROFESSIONAL REPORT SERIES PROFESSIONAL REPORT NO. P07-001 URBANIZATION
The views expressed in this document are those of the ADB staff and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank
The views expressed in this document are those of the ADB staff and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent.
"Science, Research and Innovation Performance of the EU 2018"
"Science, Research and Innovation Performance of the EU 2018" Innovation, Productivity, Jobs and Inequality ERAC Workshop Brussels, 4 October 2017 DG RTD, Unit A4 Key messages More robust economic growth
Wage Differentials in the 1990s: Is the Glass Half-full or Half-empty? Kevin M. Murphy. and. Finis Welch
Wage Differentials in the 1990s: Is the Glass Half-full or Half-empty? and Finis Welch Abstract: There are many wrinkles and complexities that have been brought to our attention by the huge volume of research
The labor market in Japan,
DAIJI KAWAGUCHI University of Tokyo, Japan, and IZA, Germany HIROAKI MORI Hitotsubashi University, Japan The labor market in Japan, Despite a plummeting working-age population, Japan has sustained its
APEC Regional Trends Analysis: Growth Proceeds As Uncertainty Increases
2017/SOM1/EC/004 Agenda Item: 7a APEC Regional Trends Analysis: Growth Proceeds As Uncertainty Increases Purpose: Information Submitted by: Policy Support Unit, APEC Secretariat First Economic Committee
Latin America was already a region of sharp
The results of in-depth analyses for Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico reveal two main factors that explain this phenomenon: a fall in the premium that favors skilled over unskilled labor, and more progressive
Productivity, Output, and Unemployment in the Short Run. Productivity, Output, and Unemployment in the Short Run
Technological Progress, Wages, and Unemployment 1 Technological Progress, Wages, and Unemployment There are optimistic and pessimistic views of technological progress. Technological unemployment a concept
Chapter 10. Resource Markets and the Distribution of Income. Copyright 2011 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved.
Chapter 10 Resource Markets and the Distribution of Income Resource markets differ from markets for consumer goods in several key ways First, the demand for resources comes from firms producing goods and
ASEAN: THE AEC IS HERE, FINALLY 2030: NOMINAL GDP USD TRILLION US CHINA EURO AREA ASEAN JAPAN UK $20.8 $34.6 IN IN
14: NOMINAL GDP USD TRILLION US EURO AREA CHINA JAPAN UK $2.9 $4.6 : THE AEC IS HERE, FINALLY $1.4 $13.4 $17.4 3: NOMINAL GDP USD TRILLION US CHINA EURO AREA JAPAN UK $6.8 $6.4 $8.5 $.8 $34.6 $33.6 $2.5
CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web
Order Code RL30226 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Trade, Trade Barriers, and Trade Deficits: Implications for U.S. Economic Welfare Updated January 12, 2001 Craig Elwell Specialist
SYLLABUS. Final Essay FEBRUARY 4, NICOLÁS GOMEZ VEGA Challenges of Globalization
SYLLABUS Final Essay FEBRUARY 4, 2018 NICOLÁS GOMEZ VEGA Challenges of Globalization When given the timeline on the different eras of globalization, I noticed that the description of the yet to come period
Is the American Middle Class Losing Out to China and India?
Page 1 of 5 http://nyti.ms/ocntgp THE OPINION PAGES CONTRIBUTING OP-ED WRITER Is the American Middle Class Losing Out to China and India? APRIL 1, 2014 Thomas B. Edsall President Obama may be right: Free
Chapter 11: Long-run Economic Growth: Sources and Policies
Chapter 11: Long-run Economic Growth: Sources and Policies Yulei Luo SEF of HKU February 25, 2013 Learning Objectives 1. Define economic growth, calculate economic growth rates, and describe trends in
Trade Policy, Agreements and Taxation of Multinationals
Trade Policy, Agreements and Taxation of Multinationals Rising Wage Inequality and Trade Lecture 1 Meredith Crowley University of Cambridge July 2015 MC (University of Cambridge) Trade Policy, Agreements
THE 1920S ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL HISTORY
THE 1920S ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL HISTORY 1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES Discuss the rise of the mass-consumption economy, led by the automobile industry. Explain the elements of economic changes in the 1920s. Describe
Vietnam s economy The other Asian tiger
ECONOMIST 6 august 2016 Vietnam s economy The other Asian tiger Vietnam s success merits a closer look WHICH Asian country has roared ahead over the past quarter-century, with millions of its people escaping
WISCONSIN ECONOMIC SCORECARD
RESEARCH BRIEF Q3 2013 Joseph Cera, PhD Manager CUIR Survey Center University of Wisconsin Milwaukee WISCONSIN ECONOMIC SCORECARD The Wisconsin Economic Scorecard is a quarterly poll of Wisconsin residents
Economic and Political Consequences of China s Rise: Lessons from the China Shock
Economic and Political Consequences of China s Rise: Lessons from the China Shock David Autor Ford Professor and Associate Head MIT Department of Economics Rodolfo Debenedetti Lecture Milan. 3 May 2018
Economic Growth & Population Decline What To Do About Latvia? Edward Hugh Riga: March 2012
Economic Growth & Population Decline What To Do About Latvia? Edward Hugh Riga: March 2012 Warning It Is Never Too Late To do Something, But This Is Not An Excuse For Doing Nothing. As We All Know, Latvia
Chapter 4 Specific Factors and Income Distribution
Chapter 4 Specific Factors and Income Distribution Chapter Organization Introduction The Specific Factors Model International Trade in the Specific Factors Model Income Distribution and the Gains from