IOM, Migration, ID Management and the Responsible Use of Biometrics: Tools for Migration and Border Management

Transcription

1 IOM, Migration, ID Management and the Responsible Use of Biometrics: Tools for Migration and Border Management IOM HEADQUARTERS IMMIGRATION & BORDER MANAGEMENT DIVISION Florian G. Forster Head of Division Immigration and Border Management (IBM) IOM HQ in Geneva 1

2 Outline 1 IOM at a glance ID Management and Migration IOM and Biometrics 2

3 IOM at a glance The UN Migration Agency, 172 Member States Focus on: offering a platform, policy, project development and implementation, the delivery of services; and emergency response Solid capacity to implement large-scale technical assistance projects worldwide Scale of programming: 2760 projects with total budget USD 1.6 Billion (2016) Worldwide presence: offices in over 150 States and 400 field locations. Approx staff Demonstrated ability to deliver results in developing security-phased countries IOM s border management portfolio: total current active budget USD 220 million in more than 205 projects

4 Assistance Framework IOM s main operating model is based on donor-funded international assistance projects. Over 65 years of experience in managing a solid trilateral partnership: Needs in Member States Technical Expertise Donor Funding Political and technical dialogue with Member States that need technical assistance. IOM s comprehensive knowledge of IBM capacity gaps and needs in the field Close working partnerships with donor States and programmes that fund international aid and development IOM s pool of technical expertise related to border management and travel documents, both in-house and at partner agencies

5 Identity Management 1 WB-lead along with IOM, other UN-agencies and third partners PRINCIPLES ON IDENTIFICATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: TOWARD THE DIGITAL AGE

6 PRINCIPLES ON IDENTIFICATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

7 Identity Management 2 Global Compact on Migration (GCM) Objective 4: Ensure that all migrants have proof of legal identity and adequate documentation.

8 Global Compact on Migration OBJECTIVE 4: Ensure that all migrants have proof of legal identity and adequate documentation 20. We commit to fulfil the right of all individuals to a legal identity by providing all our nationals with proof of nationality and relevant documentation, allowing national and local authorities to ascertain a migrant s legal identity upon entry, during stay, and for return, as well as to ensure effective migration procedures, efficient service provision, and improved public safety. We further commit to ensure, through appropriate measures, that migrants are issued adequate documentation and civil registry documents, such as birth, marriage and death certificates, at all stages of migration, as a means to empower migrants to effectively exercise their human rights. To realize this commitment, we will draw from the following actions: a) Improve civil registry systems, with a particular focus on reaching unregistered persons and our nationals residing in other countries, including by providing relevant identity and civil registry documents, strengthening capacities, and investing in information and communication technology solutions, while upholding the right to privacy and protecting personal data. b) Harmonize travel documents in line with the specifications of the International Civil Aviation Organization to facilitate interoperable and universal recognition of travel documents, as well as to combat identity fraud and document forgery, including by investing in digitalization, and strengthening mechanisms for biometric data-sharing, while upholding the right to privacy and protecting personal data c) Ensure adequate, timely, reliable and accessible consular documentation to our nationals residing in other countries, including identity and travel documents, making use of information and communications technology, as well as community outreach, particularly in remote areas d) Facilitate access to personal documentation, such as passports and visas, and ensure that relevant regulations and criteria to obtain such documentation are non-discriminatory, by undertaking a gender-responsive and age-sensitive review in order to prevent increased risk of vulnerabilities throughout the migration cycle e) Strengthen measures to reduce statelessness, including by registering migrants births, ensuring that women and men can equally confer their nationality to their children, and providing nationality to children born in another State s territory, especially in situations where a child would otherwise be stateless, fully respecting the human right to a nationality and in accordance with national legislation f) Review and revise requirements to prove nationality at service delivery centres to ensure that migrants without proof of nationality or legal identity are not precluded from accessing basic services nor denied their human rights g) Build upon existing practices at the local level that facilitate participation in community life, such as interaction with authorities and access to relevant services, through the issuance of registration cards to all persons living in a municipality, including migrants, that contain basic personal information, while not constituting entitlements to citizenship or residency

9 Identity Management 3 Objectives of ID Management in the Migration and Border Management field: Facilitation and Empowerment Protection of vulnerable persons Increased Security for all and the Rule of Law Effective Management (incl. targeted controls) is key to achieve above objectives.

10 TRIP Strategy Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between IOM and ICAO in November ICAO s solid mandate rooted in the Chicago Convention, regulatory powers and excellence in developing global SARPs - IOM s global operational project implementation capabilities in the field, liaison with donor programmes and technical expertise on border and identification management.

11 IOM Biometrics Survey - Global Overview Region IOM's Regional Office Countries Projects Region 1 Central & West Africa Region 2 Southern Africa 3 4 Region 3 East Africa 7 12 Region 4 Middle East & North Africa 5 7 Region 5 Central & North America & Caribbean Region 6 South America 5 7 Region 7 Asia & the Pacific Region 8 European Economic Area 6 6 Region 9 South-East Europe, Eastern Europe & Central Asia TOTAL GLOBALLY in

12 IOM Biometrics Survey - Global Overview IOM becoming a major user of biometrics globally Areas with biometric features: Border and ID management Health assessments Visa application support Out-of-country voting Emergency response and assistance Camps: registering IDPs Distribution of non-food items Etc. 15 biometric systems developed in house Biometrics: initiative from IOM or beneficiary/donor 1:5 ratio data captured by IOM or the government 1:10 ratio data owned/managed by IOM or the government 15 projects facial image, 27 fingerprints, 1 DNA, 0 iris 17 different registration systems

13 IOM and Biometrics: way forward Consolidating IOM s role as a major biometrics user key directions: Strengthening IOM s inhouse B. capacity BIMWG More centralized approach and support to Missions Building partnerships: with the BI and key UN users of Biometrics Better & diversified access to technical expertise Strengthening the responsible use of B. MoU IOM-BI Oct 2017

14 Personal data protection Biometrics = sensitive personal data Privacy protection a core consideration in a successful biometric project. Two main foundations: IOM provisions - Data Protection Principles Best int l practices incl. the BI Privacy Guidelines Key consideration: who processes and owns the biometric data? Two types of IOM engagement and data ownership: For all IOM-run and lead processes, IOM s comprehensive Data Protection Principles apply; collection only with the consent of the person (well informed about the purpose of data collection) IOM supports government-lead processes: national privacy laws apply, plus do no harm and due diligence Pilot biometrics checklist for IOM Missions

15 IOM s in-house Border Management Information System: Enhances both border facilitation and security Collects, processes, stores, retrieves, analyses and matches traveller information (incl. biometrics) Compatible with other Inspection Systems and Tools and Interoperable Applications: The Interpol s SLTD National and int l watchlists PKI and ICAO PKD API ETS ( evisa ) Highly customizable Affordable: funded by donors or Government or both post project support. Robust and suitable for remote areas Governments have full and exclusive ownership of MIDAS recorded traveler data; source code. Operates at 125 BCPs (land, air and sea) in more than 20 States Migration Information and Data Analysis System (MIDAS) 15

16 Thank you! Florian G. Forster IOM -- Geneva 17, Route des Morillons CH-1211 Geneva 19 Switzerland user/iommigration

17 Discussion Questions: What are the reasons for the increased use of biometrics in the migration and border management field? What does IOM mean when it talks about the responsible use of biometrics? Which types of biometrics are used the most in IOM projects and where are they used? What are the experiences of the Organization, and how do migrants, travelers and other beneficiaries respond to it? What are the critical success factors for regarding the application of biometrics and what is the impact of quality of biometric data? What partnerships are key for the successful use of biometrics in the migration field? What can we learn from the Dutch experience and practice? How can this experience an know how be used for developing countries? Other? 17