INTL 410 / ECIR 410: Political Economy of Turkey. Fall 2015

Transcription

1 INTL 410 / ECIR 410: Political Economy of Turkey Fall 2015 Instructor Professor Ziya Öniş Instructor Office CASE 150 Instructor zonis@ku.edu.tr Instructor Web Lecture Time Tuesday and Thursday, Lecture Place ENG B30 Professor Office Hour Monday, TA Tim Dorlach TA tdorlach13@ku.edu.tr TA Office CASE 279 TA Office Hour tba F-Drive Path /COURSES/UGRADS/INTL410/SHARE DESCRIPTION This course offers an advanced introduction to the dynamics and some enduring problems of the Turkish economy from a political economy perspective. It is divided into 14 topics that broadly group into three parts: Part I begins with an historical overview of the major policy phases of the Turkish economy from the early 20 th century onward. We then focus on Turkey s crisis-ridden process of market transition over the past three decades by exploring the country s relations with international organizations such as the IMF, its dynamic integration with the global economy, and efforts toward substantive restructuring since the devastating crisis of Part II discusses Turkey s international economic relations with particular emphasis on its troubled path toward EU integration, its evolving relations with the BRICS, as well as the economic and political role it plays in the Middle East and Africa. Part III is devoted to social implications of Turkey s economic development. Here we focus on the pressing problems of poverty and inequality as well as on Turkey s changing welfare state. TEXTS There is no textbook for the course. All required readings for the course (which include journal articles and book chapters) are listed in this syllabus. All readings are available to students at the Online E-Reserve Collection of the Suna Kıraç Library. Library web site! Catalog! Reserves by course! Course code: INTL 410. Some journal articles are also accessible online through the library website. 1

2 REQUIREMENTS 1. Attendance and participation: Regular attendance is a must if you are serious about your work and the grade you will receive. I expect everyone to be in class on time. 2. Readings: You are expected to have completed the readings on each topic before the first lecture on that topic, because lectures largely engage with the readings and move beyond them. 3. Grading: There will be a midterm and a final exam. These will assess your understanding of and engagement with the material studied. The exams will cover the readings and the lectures. You will also be expected to write a term paper of 3000 words on a question determined jointly with me. The question will have to be related to the topics we are exploring. You are expected to submit a one-page outline of the term paper. Late submission of the paper outline or the final paper will be subject to penalty of one point per day. Weight (Due) Date Midterm exam 25% tba Paper outline Pass/Fail tba Research paper 25% tba Final exam 40% tba Attendance and participation 10% 2

3 REQUIRED READINGS Topic 1: Major Phases of Turkish Political Economy Pamuk, Ş. (2008). Economic Change in Twentieth Century Turkey: Is the Glass More than Half Full?, in R. Kasaba (ed.), Cambridge History of Modern Turkey, Öniş, Z and F. Şenses. (2007). Global Dynamics, Domestic Coalitions and a Reactive State: Major Policy Shifts in Post-War Turkish Economic Development, METU Studies in Development, 34, Öniş, Z. (2010). Crises and Transformation in Turkish Political Economy, Turkish Policy Quarterly, 9(3), Topic 2: The 1950s Keyder, Ç. (1987). State and Class in Turkey, London: Verso, (Chapter 6). Topic 3: The 1960s and 1970s Keyder, Ç. (1987). State and Class in Turkey, London: Verso, (Chapters 7 & 8). Topic 4: The 1980s and 1990s Öniş, Z. (2004). Turgut Özal and His Economic Legacy: Turkish Neo-Liberalism in Critical Perspective, Middle Eastern Studies, 40(4), Gemici, K. (2012). Rushing toward currency convertibility, New Perspectives on Turkey, 47, Cizre-Sakallıoğlu, Ü. & E. Yeldan (2000). Politics, Society and Liberalization: Turkey in the 1990s, Development and Change, 31(2), Topic 5: The 2000/2001 Crises and the Rise of the AKP Akyüz, Y & K. Boratav (2003). The Making of the Turkish Financial Crises, World Development, 31(9), Öniş, Z. (2009). Beyond the 2001 Financial Crisis: The Political Economy of the New Phase of Neo-liberal Restructuring in Turkey, Review of International Political Economy, 16(3). Topic 6: The 2000s Atiyas, I. (2012). Economic Institutions and Institutional Change in Turkey during the Neoliberal Era, New Perspectives on Turkey, 47, Öniş, Z. (2012). The Triumph of Conservative Globalism: The Political Economy of the AKP Era, Turkish Studies, 13(2). 3

4 Topic 7: The 2010s Öniş, Z. & Güven, A. B. (2011). Global Crisis, National Responses: The Political Economy of Turkish Exceptionalism, New Political Economy, 16(5), Özel, I. (2012). The politics of de-delegation: Regulatory (in)dependence in Turkey. Regulation & Governance, 6(1), Öniş, Z. (2015). Monopolising the Centre: The AKP and the Uncertain Path of Turkish Democracy, The International Spectator, 50:2, Topic 8: State-Business Relations Pamuk, Ş. (2008). Globalization, Industrialization and Changing Politics in Turkey, New Perspectives on Turkey, 38, Buğra, A., & Savaşkan, O. (2014). New Capitalism in Turkey: The Relationship between Politics, Religion and Business, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp (Chapters 3 & 4). Topic 9: Privatization Öniş, Z. (2011). Power, Interests and Coalitions: The Political Economy of Mass Privatization in Turkey, Third World Quarterly, 32(4), Topic 10: Turkey and the EU Aydin-Düzgit, S. & N. Tocci (2015). Turkey and the European Union, Palgrave, 9-14, , (Chapters 1, 5, 7 & 8). İzmen, Ü. & K. Yılmaz. (2009). Turkey s Recent Trade and Foreign Direct Investment Performance in Öniş, Z. and F. Şenses (eds.) Turkey and Global Economy, London: Routledge. Yılmaz, K. (2011). The EU Turkey Customs Union Fifteen Years Later: Better, Yet not the Best Alternative, South European Society and Politics, 16(2), Topic 11: Turkey and the BRICS Öniş, Z. & M. Kutlay (2013). Rising Powers in a Changing Global Order: The Political Economy of Turkey in the age of BRICS, Third World Quarterly, 34(8), Shichor, Y. (2014). Turkey and China in the Post-Cold War World: Great Expectations, in: B. Gilley & A. O Neil (eds.), Middle Powers and the Rise of China, Georgetown: Georgetown University Press, Öniş, Z. & Ş. Yılmaz (forthcoming). Turkey and Russia in a Shifting global Order: Cooperation, Conflict and Asymmetric Interdependence in a Turbulent Region, Third World Quarterly. 4

5 Topic 12: Turkey, the Middle East and Africa Tür, Ö. (2011). Economic Relations with the Middle East Under the AKP Trade, Business Community and Reintegration with Neighboring Zones, Turkish Studies, 12(4), Habiyaremye, A. & T. Oğuzlu (2014). Engagement with Africa: Making Sense of Turkey s Approach in the Context of Growing East-West Rivalry, Uluslararası İlişkiler, 11(41), Yılmaz, B. (2015). Turkey as a model for the Middle East and North African (MENA) states: realistic or wishful thinking?, in: The depth of Turkish geopolitics in the AKP s foreign policy, Universita per Stranieri di Perugia, Topic 13: Poverty and Inequality Şenses, F. (2008). Missing links in poverty analysis in the age of neoliberal globalization: some lessons from Turkey, New Perspectives on Turkey, 38, İlkkaracan, İ. (2012). Why so Few Women in the Labor Market in Turkey?, Feminist Economics, 18(1), pp Azevedo, J. P., & Atamanov, A. (2014). Pathways to the middle class in Turkey: how have reducing poverty and boosting shared prosperity helped?, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Topic 14: Welfare State and Labor Regime Buğra, A. & Ç. Keyder (2006). The Turkish Welfare Regime in Transformation, Journal of European Social Policy, 16(3), Dorlach, T. (forthcoming). The Prospects of Egalitarian Capitalism in the Global South: Turkish Social Neoliberalism in Comparative Perspective, Economy and Society. 5

6 OPTIONAL READINGS Books: Boratav, Korkut (2011). Türkiye İktisat Tarihi , İmge. Kepenek, Yakup (2012). Türkiye Ekonomisi, Remzi. Pamuk, Sevket (2014). Türkiye nin 200 Yıllık İktisadi Tarihi, Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları. Ünay, Sadık (2013). Kalkınmacı Modernlik, Küre. Articles and book chapters: Boratav, Korkut (1981). Kemalist Economic Policies and Etatism, in Ergun Özbudun and Ali Kazancigil (eds.), Atatürk: Founder of a Modern State, Öniş, Z. (2006). Globalization and Party Transformation: Turkey s Justice and Development Party in Perspective, P. Burnell (ed.), Globalizing Politics, Party Politics in Emerging Democracies, London. Öniş, Z. (2006). Varieties and Crises of Neo-liberal Globalization: Argentina, Turkey and the IMF, Third World Quarterly, 27(2), Bakır, C. and Öniş, Z (2010) The Regulatory State and Turkish Banking Sector Reforms in the Age of Post-Washington Consensus, Development and Change, 41(1), Atiyas, İ. (2009). Recent Privatization Experience of Turkey: A Reappraisal in Öniş and Şenses (eds.), Turkey and the Global Economy. Aydin-Düzgit, S. & N. Tocci (2015). Turkey and the European Union, Palgrave. Tocci, N. (2005). Europeanization in Turkey: Trigger or Anchor for Reform, South European Society and Politics, 10(1). Öniş, Z. (2008). Turkey-EU Relations: Beyond the Current Stalemate, Insight Turkey, 10(4), Öniş, Z & Ş. Yılmaz. (2009). Between Europeanization and Euro-Asianism: Foreign Policy Activism in Turkey during the AKP Era, Turkish Studies, 10(1), Balcer, A. (2009). The Future of Turkish-Russian Relations: A Strategic Perspective, Turkish Policy Quarterly (Spring). Saivetz, C. (2009). Tangled Pipelines: Turkey s Role in Energy Export Plans, Turkish Studies, 10(1),

7 Altunışık, M. (2008). The Possibilities and Limits of Turkey s Soft Power in the Middle East, Insight Turkey, 10(2), Buğra, A. & B. Yakut-Cakar (2010). Structural Change, the Social Policy Environment and Female Employment in Turkey, Development and Change, 41(3), Aydin, Z. (2010). Neo-liberal transformation of Turkish agriculture, Journal of Agrarian Change, 10(2), Onaran, Ö. (2009). Crises and post-crisis Adjustment in Turkey, Implications for Labor, in Öniş and Şenses (eds.), Turkey and the Global Economy, Kus, Basak (2013). Neoliberal Reforms, Regulatory Change and the Informal Economy: The Case of Turkey from a Comparative Perspective in Securing Livelihoods: Informal Economy Practices and Institutions, edited by F. Lapeyre, A Lemaitre and I. Hillenkamp, Oxford University Press. Yükseker, D. (2009). Neoliberalism and Social Exclusion in Turkey in Öniş and Şenses (eds.), Turkey and Global Economy, London: Routledge. Șeker, S. & Jenkins, S. (2013). Poverty trends in Turkey, IZA Discussion Paper, no Ağartan, T. (2012). Marketization and Universalism: Crafting the Right Balance in the Turkish Healthcare System, Current Sociology, 60(4), Çelik, A. (2015). Turkey s New Labour Regime Under the Justice and Development Party in the First Decade of the Twenty-First Century: Authoritarian Flexibilization, Middle Eastern Studies, 51(4), Adaman, F. and M. Arsel (2012). Environment, in S. Sayari and M. Heper (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Modern Turkey, London: Routledge, Bayulgen, O. (forthcoming, 2013). Two-Steps Forward, One-Step Back: How Politics Dim the Lights on Turkey s Renewable Energy Future, Perceptions: Journal of International Affairs. 7

8 COURSE POLICIES 1. Make-Up Exams: Students who miss an exam and wish to write a make-up must contact the professor within 24 hours after the exam and must provide proper documentation for a reasonable excuse (e.g. a doctor s note) before the make-up. There will be only one make-up per exam. Students who miss both the regular exam and the make-up will receive an exam mark of Classroom Conduct: Students must attend lectures on time, and remain in the classroom until the end of the lecture, except during emergencies or with prior permission of the instructor. Students are expected to behave as mature and self-aware individuals in the classroom. Disruptive behaviour such as engaging in side conversations, using cell phones and other electronic devices, sleeping, working on personal activities or assignments of other courses, interrupting the professor or other students will result in the significant reduction of the attendance and participation grade. 3. Academic Honesty: Honesty and trust are important to us all as individuals. Students and faculty adhere to the following principles of academic integrity at Koç University. (i) Individual accountability for all individual work, written or oral. Copying from others or providing answers or information, written or oral, to others is cheating. (ii) Providing proper acknowledgment of original author. Copying from another student s paper or from another text without written acknowledgment is plagiarism. Recycling a paper written for another class also falls under this category. (iii) Study or project group activity is effective and authorized teamwork. Unauthorized help from another person or having someone else to write one s paper or assignment is collusion. Cheating, plagiarism, and collusion are serious offences resulting in an F as your course grade and disciplinary action. 8

9 Koç University Statement on Academic Honesty with Emphasis on Plagiarism Koç University expects all its students to perform course-related activities in accordance with the rules set forth in the Student Code of Conduct ( Actions considered as academic dishonesty at Koç University include but are not limited to cheating, plagiarism, collusion, and impersonating. This statement s goal is to draw attention to cheating and plagiarism related actions deemed unacceptable within the context of Student Code of Conduct: All individual assignments must be completed by the student himself/herself, and all team assignments must be completed by the members of the team, without the aid of other individuals. If a team member does not contribute to the written documents or participate in the activities of the team, his/her name should not appear on the work submitted for evaluation. Plagiarism is defined as borrowing or using someone else s written statements or ideas without giving written acknowledgement to the author. Students are encouraged to conduct research beyond the course material, but they must not use any documents prepared by current or previous students, or notes prepared by instructors at Koç University or other universities without properly citing the source. Furthermore, students are expected to adhere to the Classroom Code of Conduct ( and to refrain from all forms of unacceptable behavior during lectures. Failure to adhere to expected behavior may result in disciplinary action. There are two kinds of plagiarism: Intentional and accidental. Intentional plagiarism (Example: Using a classmate s homework as one s own because the student does not want to spend time working on that homework) is considered intellectual theft, and there is no need to emphasize the wrongfulness of this act. Accidental plagiarism, on the other hand, may be considered as a more acceptable form of plagiarism by some students, which is certainly not how it is perceived by the University administration and faculty. The student is responsible from properly citing a source if he/she is making use of another person s work. For an example on accidental plagiarism, please refer to the document titled An Example on Accidental Plagiarism. If you are unsure whether the action you will take would be a violation of Koç University s Student Code of Conduct, please consult with your instructor before taking that action. An Example on Accidental Plagiarism This example is taken from a document prepared by the City University of New York.The following text is taken from Elaine Tyler May s Myths and Realities of the American Family : Because women's wages often continue to reflect the fiction that men earn the family wage, single mothers rarely earn enough to support themselves and their children adequately. And because work is still organized around the assumption that mothers stay home with children, even though few mothers can afford to do so, child-care facilities in the United States remain woefully inadequate. 9

10 Below, there is an excerpt from a student s homework, who made use of May s original text: As Elaine Tyler May points out, women's wages often continue to reflect the fiction that men earn the family wage (588). Thus many single mothers cannot support themselves and their children adequately. Furthermore, since work is based on the assumption that mothers stay home with children, facilities for day care in this country are still woefully inadequate. (May 589). You may think that there is no plagiarism here since the student is citing the original author. However, this is an instance of accidental plagiarism. Although the student cites May and uses quotation marks occasionally, the rest of the sentences, more specifically the following section: Thus many single mothers cannot support themselves and their children adequately. Furthermore, since work is based on the assumption that mothers stay home with children, facilities for day care in this country are still woefully inadequate. (May 589) almost exactly duplicates May s original language. So, in order to avoid plagiarism, the student either had to use quotation marks for the rest of the sentences as well, or he/she had to paraphrase May s ideas by using not only his/her own words, but his/her own original ideas as well. You should keep in mind that accidental plagiarism often occurs when the student does not really understand the original text but still tries to make use of it. Understanding the original text and understanding why you agree or disagree with the ideas proposed in that text is crucial both for avoiding plagiarism and for your intellectual development. Reference(s): Avoiding and Detecting Plagiarism: A Guide for Graduate Students and Faculty. The Graduate Center. City University of New York, Web. GraduateCenter/PDF/Publications/AvoidingPlagiarism.pdf 10