History. Year 9 Home Learning Task

Transcription

1 History Year 9 Home Learning Task The Cold War Name Tutor Group Teacher Given out: Monday 25 June Hand in: Monday 2 July Parent/Carer Comment Staff Comment Enc: A3 colour Nuclear Family sheet 1 sheet blank A3 Target

2 Dear Year 9 History Students, Here is your latest Home Learning Booklet for History. This will focus on the Cold War which took place in the second half of the twentieth century. It will be interesting and allow you to use your imagination. Remember you are expected to spend 5 hours on the booklet and to try your best. Bronze students need only do the Bronze tasks, Silver students need to do Bronze and Silver, and Gold students need to do all tasks (except the last task, where there is a choice.) Work hard! Mr. Law and Dr. Chapman TASK ONE Bronze Read the information on the next few pages as an introduction to the Cold War.

3

4

5 Why was it called the COLD war? The war was 'cold' because there was never a direct military engagement (war) between the two main countries, the USA and the USSR, although shots were exchanged in the air during the Korean War. Origins of the Cold War in Europe. The aftermath of World War Two left the United States (USA) and the Soviet Union (USSR) as the dominant military powers in the world, but they had very different forms of government and economy, the USA a capitalist democracy and the USSR a communist dictatorship. The Soviet Union (USSR) was in control of large areas of Eastern Europe. The USA led Allies in control of Western Europe. By 1951 Europe was divided into two power blocs, American led and Soviet led, each with atomic weapons. A 'cold war' followed, leading to a nuclear standoff where neither side wanted to use their Atomic Weapons.

6 TASK TWO (10mins) Bronze Using the map on the previous page identify the countries, matching the country to the flag, and indicate which side they were on. Flag Country Name Who s side; USA or USSR? Great Britain USA USSR Czechoslovakia USSR

7 TASK THREE (up to 15 mins) Silver Summary of the Cold War The Cold War was a twentieth century conflict between the United States of America (USA), the Soviet Union (USSR) and their allies. It was over political, economic and military issues, often described as a struggle between capitalism (USA) and communism (USSR). In Europe, this meant the USA led the West and NATO on one side and the Soviet led the East and the Warsaw Pact on the other. It lasted from 1945 to the collapse of the USSR in Capitalism Put the following words on to the correct side of the table above. For example, by reading the paragraph at the top of this page you should be able to work out that the USA believed in capitalism. Communism The West The East USSR USA NATO Warsaw Pact Soviet Union United States of America

8 TASK FOUR (10 mins) Gold (Thinking task NOT writing!) What do you think is going on in these pictures? (5ws Who? What? Where? When? Why?)

9 TASK FIVE (10 mins) Bronze How hot was the Cold War? Key words and concepts. Draw arrows to match the words on the left hand side to the meanings on the right. Communism An American called George Marshall came up with this plan. It was to help Europe recover from World War Two by giving money to rebuild cities. Capitalism The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (We call this country Russia today and it was the leader of the East.) The West The United States of America. (The leader of the West.) The East People compete against each other to make the most money and are free to choose their own job. U.S.S.R People in the east were under the control of the U.S.S.R. (Russia) They could not live their lives as they pleased. U.S.A Everybody is supposed to be equal. Nobody makes more money than anybody else and everything is shared. People are not given individual freedom. Iron Curtain Known as the free West. People here could live their lives as they pleased. (e.g U.S.A) M.A.D. Marshall Plan A very dangerous weapon. Two of these destroyed Hiroshima and Nagasaki. They can destroy whole cities. This was a made up term to explain how Europe was divided between east and west. You might have heard of the Berlin Wall. We will look at this later! Atomic Bomb Superpower Mutually Assured Destruction! Each side has enough Atomic Bombs to destroy the other side in one blast! So they never use them! This was the name given to very powerful countries after World War Two. They were super powerful! (The USA and the USSR)

10 TASK SIX (15-20 mins) Silver Match the statements to the correct superpower. Read them carefully. The previous tasks in this booklet should give you clues about which side they match! Draw arrows from the statements to the correct sides. USSR 1. They were scared of Communism and believed it went against the freedoms they had fought for in World War Two. USA 2. They were worried about Joseph Stalin. He was known to be a brutal murderous ruler who actually killed more of his own people in purges than Hitler did in the Holocaust! 3. They did not trust the Allies. They thought they had been too slow to help them in the war, and that after the war they would try to rebuild Empires. 4. They were scared of losing the gains they had made in World War Two, especially after the sacrifice of 20 million of their people fighting against Hitler. 5. They had always been against Communism and many people believed it was almost as evil as Nazism. 6. They believed the Allies would break the promises they had made to each other in meetings at Yalta and Potsdam near the end of the war. 7. They believed the Soviets just wanted power and would take over more countries than they were supposed to after WW2. 8. They did not really want the Soviets to take over countries such as Czechoslovakia and Hungary, because they believed the Soviets would not allow democracy in those countries. 9. They were scared that the USA might use its atom bombs on them to stop the Soviets having power & influence. 10. They were scared that the Soviet Union was a very MILITARISTIC country which would not hesitate to use its forces to try to take over the world. 11. They were scared of the West s CAPITALIST system. They believed capitalism might corrupt and tempt their people to get rid of Communism.

11 TASK SEVEN The threat of nuclear war. For this task you must design a nuclear fallout shelter (Bronze) OR a leaflet informing people what to do in the event of a nuclear war! (Silver and Gold) (2 hours) During the Cold War there was a very real fear of a war breaking out between the USSR and the USA. If a war did break out nuclear weapons could have been used. Men in the RAF during the Cold War were kept on constant alert during some of the worst crises. The 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis and the near red alerts of 1980 were the closest that the world came to destruction. Aeroplanes, missiles, soldiers and warning systems were kept on constant readiness and governments set up warning systems and issued leaflets to people to tell them what to do to prepare for a nuclear war. You could ask some of your relatives if they were involved or scared at any time. It truly was a terrifying time especially when arguments hotted up between the USSR and USA. This is the biggest task of the booklet you need to spend a couple of hours doing a really good job. Choose ONE of the activities below and use the A3 paper provided to design, draw and annotate/explain. Make a leaflet (SILVER AND GOLD) OR design a fallout shelter (BRONZE)

12 This table will help identify what information you need to consider for your chosen task. Create an information leaflet about what to do in the event of a nuclear war. SILVER AND GOLD Design a nuclear fallout shelter. BRONZE Do people know what the four minute warnings and all clear are? What kind of shelter should people build in their homes if nuclear war is imminent? What should people store in their homes to help them survive for weeks without any shops or markets? Where is it going to be? How deep does it need to be? What things do you need in the shelter to keep you ALIVE and HAPPY? It may be a long stay! How will you defend your family and their property? What clothing/bedding will you need? How can water be stored safely? How will you get fresh water? What shouldn t people do if a nuclear war has happened? What will you do about waste? How long should people stay indoors? How will you try to keep as much privacy as possible? What should people do about waste toilets and water supply will not work if a nuclear war happened? What kinds of clothing should people prepare in case of war? Will electrical equipment (TVs etc) work during a nuclear war? What could people do to keep themselves sane if they had to stay indoors for a long time? (see A3 Nuclear Family insert for finer details)

13 = If you choose to make the What to do in the event of a nuclear war leaflet you can use these extracts to help you. They are from the British government s Protect and Survive leaflet which was due to be issued in 1980.

14 Self Evaluation of my Homework I am a R learner. I know this because: I believe that my effort and attitude to learning for this booklet is a: I know this because:

15