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Emery Shields
5 years ago
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5 The anniversary of a divide Intro:-70 th anniversary of India s independence Also the 70 th anniversary of India s partitioning. It was a giant, bloody mess- Uprooted(उख ड ह आ) from their homes, some 14.5 million human beings, Hindu, Sikh, Muslim, left the new Pakistan for India, or India for the new Pakistan. Very rich and the ridiculously poor were refugees together. Both begged together for food, shelter, medicines, clothes and dignity. All these took time coming. Estimates- lowest about 200,000 and the highest about 2,000,000 human- Killed. Government of India claimed that 33,000 Hindu and Sikh women had been abducted(अपहरण). Government of Pakistan claimed that 50,000 Muslim women had been abducted. Tomorrow we will be free from bondage to the British, said Gandhi in Calcutta on the eve of the new dawn. But from midnight tonight Hindustan will be broken into two pieces.

6 Gandhi asked- crowd, breaking his silence and walking into the mob. Kill me, kill me, I say. The next day, Gandhi cancelled his Noakhali visit and went on a fast. Until peace is established I shall take nothing but water. So, does the 70th anniversary of the birth of independent India which is the 70th anniversary of the death of undivided India as well, admit of any celebration? Of course it does, Seeing the imperial power out of our lives was a matter of rejoicing. Watching Jawaharlal Nehru unfurl the Tri colour on the Red Fort was very heaven. We must and will celebrate that and more the advance of India on the path of Economic self-reliance and prosperity, Electoral democracy and Rule of law. But we cannot afford to forget the price at which that independence came. Because we are paying that cess even today- Two Nations Theory Cess.

7 The Two Nations theory had two celebrated articulators: 1)-Vinayak Damodar Savarkar of the Hindu Mahasabha and 2)-Mohammed Ali Jinnah of the Muslim League. Their perspectives were different, their purposes divergent. Savarkar believed Hindus and Muslims were two nations living in their distinctness within an unharmonised India but he did not want a division. Jinnah believed Hindus and Muslims were two separate nations that needed to be in two separate nation states. Three generations over the last 70 years, India has been a plural society with a secular government committed to the idea that 1)-Religion has no business with government and 2)-Government has no interest in religion. Has that bedrock position been officially reversed? No, it has not. But it stands undermined.

8 Those connected historically and culturally to the idea of a Hindu Rashtra are, today, 1)-Muslim feel fearful, 2)-Christian feel as light as a leaf that can be blown of by a single majoritarian breath, Liberal feel vulnerable, 4)-Dissident(opposes official policy) feel targeted. 5)-Cattle-trader afraid, 6)-Non-vegetarian at his meal declare it is not, please, Sir, not beef. 7)-They go to make the journalist feel hesitant, 8)-The farmer feel betrayed, 9)-The Dalit and the tribal feel insecure. 10)-Above all, anyone hurt by administrative wrongdoing or dismayed by state policy feel afraid to say so for: if you are against the government, you are against the nation

9 Conclusion Great American thinker Thomas Jeffrson said: We may consider each generation as a distinct nation. A new generation of Indians, a new distinct nation, is marking the 70th anniversary of our independence

10 No time to work Intro:- In a welcome move this week, India has ratified two key global conventions meant to 1)-To end the worst form of child labour and 2)-To ensure minimum basic education to children. Decades since they were originally adopted by the International Labour Organisation. Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2016 over the government s commitment towards complete abolition of child labour. Crucially, conventions 138 and 182 of the United Nations body leave it to the member-states to determine what constitutes acceptable or unacceptable work for children at different ages. 90% of the workforce continuing to remain outside the ambit of the organised sector, protecting vulnerable children from exploitation is difficult. Children may work in domestic enterprises only for three hours after school, and not between 7 p.m. and 8 a.m. These restrictions are intended to ensure attendance at school.

11 But monitoring activities within traditional households, effective enforcement will pose a challenge, and the rescue of vulnerable children will remain an uncertain proposition. With ratification of conventions on child labour, we must have assessment of violations. Without this, the total elimination of child labour will remain a difficult task.

12 News Analysis Page-1-Centre for tripartite talks on Gorkha unrest. Talks only on separate State, says Gorkha Janmukti Morcha The Centre has called for tripartite talks with West Bengal and the Gorkha Janmukti Morcha (GJM) on June 19 to end the current phase of violence in the hill district of Darjeeling.

Page-1- Bid to remove Justice Reddy fails again For the second time in six months, a motion to introduce proceedings to remove Justice C.V. Nagarjuna Reddy of the Hyderabad High Court has failed.

14 Page-1- Bid to remove Justice Reddy fails again For the second time in six months, a motion to introduce proceedings to remove Justice C.V. Nagarjuna Reddy of the Hyderabad High Court has failed. Nine of the 54 members of the Rajya Sabha, who had proposed the initiation of proceedings against him, have withdrawn their signatures. Some signatories to the petition have withdrawn their names So, there is no motion for his removal Charge against Reddy- accused of victimising a Dalit junior civil court judge.

15 Proceedings to remove a judge, which require an address to the President by a special majority of both Houses of Parliament, cannot be initiated without the 1)-Signatures of at least 50 members of the Rajya Sabha or 2)-100 members of the Lok Sabha. If such a motion gets admitted in a House, a three member committee investigates the charges. If it finds the judge guilty of misbehaviour or incapacity. House in which the motion was initiated, must pass it with a two-thirds majority, followed by a similar passage by the other House. If this happens, an address is made to the President for the removal of the judge.

Page-1,10- RIL-BP to invest $6 billion in Krishna Godavari basin After a lull of eight years, Mukesh Ambani-led Reliance Industries, along with partner BP Plc.

16 Page-1,10- RIL-BP to invest $6 billion in Krishna Godavari basin After a lull of eight years, Mukesh Ambani-led Reliance Industries, along with partner BP Plc., has decided to invest $6 billion in the controversial KG-D6 gas block to bring new gas to production even as earlier $9 billion of investments in the block saw production falling to over one-tenth of an anticipated 80 mmscmd (million metric standard cubic metres per day). Aimed at developing about three trillion cubic feet of resources that will result in production of an additional million cubic metres of gas every day over three to five years.

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18 Page-11- Disability rights groups protest GST All devices and products such as Braille typewriter, hearing aid, crutches, etc are currently exempt from sales tax/vat/excise/customs, but they are not exempt from GST,. The GST Council has proposed to levy GST ranging from 5% to 18% on a range of equipment used by PWDs. Disability rights organisations have written to Finance Minister Arun Jaitley, protesting the decision of the GST Council to impose taxes on a range of aids used by persons with disabilities (PWDs) that were hitherto exempt from any tax. Page-11- Plea for uniform tax on sports goods The GST Council has placed the physical exercise equipment under the 28% tax bracket while sports goods attract only 12% tax. Manufacturers of physical fitness equipment have urged the Centre to have a uniform 12% tax Physical exercise equipment- yoga mats, weightlifting equipment, home gym, exercise bike etc

19 Page-13-Government unveils tit-for-tat public procurement policy Entities from countries where Indian suppliers are not allowed to participate or compete in bids for government procurement, may be restricted or excluded from public procurement tenders in India. Public Procurement (Preference to Make in India), Order New policy to encourage Make in India by granting preference to local suppliers in public procurement.

20 Q- Ans Cannes film festival was held in Cannes, France. B&RI meeting- Beijing, China. 1 st person in the world to climb Mt. Everest- Sir Edmund Percival 'Ed' Hillary 1 st Indian to climb Mt. Everest- Avtar Singh Cheema Recent Indian to climb Mt. Everest- Anshu Jamsenpa Drain of economic wealth theory was given by Dadabhai Naoroji in 1867 RBI was nationalised in 1949 on the basis of RBI (Transfer of Public Ownership) Act, 1948 Assam Agartala National Highway- NH8 running from Karimganj in Assam to Khayerpur in Tripura. SCO summit in Astana- Kazhakhastan

The Making of Modern India: Indian Nationalism and Independence

The Making of Modern India: Indian Nationalism and Independence Theme: How Indians adopt and adapt nationalist ideas that ultimately fostered the end of imperialism and make for a pattern of politics and