DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR INTERNAL POLICIES. Justice, Freedom & Security PREVENTING AND COUNTERING YOUTH RADICALISATION

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1 DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR INTERNAL POLICIES Justice, Freedom & Security PREVENTING AND COUNTERING YOUTH RADICALISATION

2 Prof. Didier Bigo Presentation By Director, CCLS Professor King s College London / Sciences-Po Paris Dr. Francesco Ragazzi Associate Researcher, CCLS Assistant Professor Leiden University Associate Researcher, CERI / Sciences Po Paris Administrator responsible: Sarah SY, Policy Department C Citizens Rights and Constitutional Affairs

3 Authors of the Study Professor Didier BIGO (Director, CCLS Professor at King s College, United-Kingdom) Dr Laurent BONELLI (Associate researcher, CCLS Lecturer at the University of Nanterre Paris X, France) Dr Emmanuel-Pierre GUITTET (Associate researcher, CCLS Lecturer at the University of Manchester, United- Kingdom) Dr Francesco RAGAZZI (Associate researcher, CCLS Lecturer at the University of Leiden, Netherlands)

4 Understanding Radicalisation Psychological Models Social Models Political Models

5 Hard and Soft Counter-radicalisation Judicial powers Administrative powers Preventative Programs and Policies

6 Assessing the Effects of Soft Counter-Radicalisation No Firewall between Social and Police Work: Reinforces Suspicion Leads to Stigmatisation Justifies Vigilantism Targetting extremist rather than violent speech: Limits Diversity of Political Expression Legitimizes Radical Voices

7 Oral Update Focus #1. EU Citizens Fighting Abroad No single drivers for departures More focused, not broader monitoring is needed Deprivation of citizenship is counterproductive Systematic incarceration postpones and worsens the problem

8 Oral Update Focus #2. Online Radicalisation Lack of empirical evidence of the nature and magnitude of the phenomenon Insights from social science: discourses (and images) are rarely sufficient factors Hardly any data on the effects of counternarratives and websites banning Damaging effects on freedom of expression and freedom of the press

9 Oral Update Focus #3. Radicalisation in Prisons A numerically marginal phenomenon Negative incarceration conditions may reinforce radicalisation Isolation measures should comply with rights of prisoners Rehabilitation and repression should be firewalled

10 Conclusion: What is silenced by radicalisation? Self radicalisation- radicalisation online? Small group radicalisation? One actor? Whose spoke persons? Invention of a local and global myth Rediscovering escalation and deescalation- Seeking distantiation Opening the black box: lessons from peace and conflict research

11 Recommendations Recommendation 1: Impact Assessments on fundamental rights should be part of EU and MS policies: In addition to Effective Remedy, Fair Trial and Right of Defense Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion Principles of Equality: Non-Discrimination, Cultural and Religious Diversity

12 Recommendations Recommendation 2: Encourage MS to implement policies of firewalling rehabilitation and repressive programs to avoid unintended consequences

13 Recommendations Recommendation 3: Broaden EU Expertise Broaden the working definition of Radicalisation to include Effects of State Policies Seek distanciation to avoid entering the escalation logic