Finding List of Additional Topics *

Transcription

1 Finding List of Additional Topics * A 0.1. Abandonment...Georgia A. Abandonment of Business/ Customers...Florida Iowa Ohio B. Absetention...Nebraska Actual Claim or Controversy...Georgia North Carolina Adhesion, Contracts of...illinois New Jersey New York... R Virginia Admissions...Georgia Advice of Counsel, Effect of...mississippi New Mexico Pennsylvania Texas * The topic numbers supplied here are used to identify the Additional Topics in the entries contained in the Table of Cases and in the Indexes. In the Table of Cases and in the Indexes, the Additional Topic numbers are preceded by an AT-. Material provided in brackets indicates either a topic number tagged for future inclusion or renumbering or an anticipated rephrasing of a topic title currently in use; in all instances, relevant discussions begin at the cited page numbers. Chapter names are spelled out in full, except for District of Columbia, for which the two-letter designation DC is supplied. Because cross-references to related topics are not generally supplied, the reader is advised to scan this list in its entirety for all relevant topics. An R in the Main Edition page-number column indicates that the discussion of that Additional Topic in the Main Edition has been completely replaced by the discussion of that Additional Topic as it appears in this supplement. xxxv

2 xxxvi Covenants 2016 Supplement 1.1. Age Discrimination...Illinois Texas Agreed Orders...Illinois Agreements to Agree...North Dakota Pennsylvania Allocation of Payment...Wisconsin Ambiguity...Alaska Alaska Connecticut Delaware DC Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska New Jersey New York... R North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania Tennessee Virginia Washington West Virginia and Parol Evidence...Arkansas Amendments...Utah Ancillarity...Illinois

3 Finding List of Additional Topics xxxvii...missouri North Carolina Pennsylvania Rhode Island Texas West Virginia Wyoming Anticipatory Repudiation [of Covenant]...California Georgia Utah A. Anti-Advertising Covenants...Illinois Indiana Anti-Employee-Raiding Covenants/Clauses...Arizona Arkansas California Connecticut DC Florida Illinois Louisiana Maryland Massachusetts Missouri New York... R North Carolina Oklahoma Oregon Virginia Anti-Injunction Act...California Anti-Piracy Agreements...Arizona Arkansas Florida Georgia A. Antitrust Law...California Colorado DC Florida Hawaii Illinois

4 xxxviii Covenants 2016 Supplement...Kentucky Massachusetts New Jersey Texas Appeals...Alabama Arkansas California DC Georgia Illinois Indiana Kentucky Minnesota Missouri Nebraska New York... R North Carolina Ohio South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Application of Covenant...Alaska Delaware DC Illinois New York... R Virginia Arbitration...Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware DC Florida Georgia

5 Finding List of Additional Topics xxxix...hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Assignment...Alabama Alaska

6 xl Covenants 2016 Supplement...Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware DC Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York... R North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee

7 Finding List of Additional Topics xli...texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Assignment [(Effect of Change in Choice of Entity)]...Idaho Tennessee At-Will Employees [See also Additional Topic No ]...Illinois Indiana Michigan Missouri Montana Nevada New Hampshire New York... R Tennessee Vermont Virginia Washington Attorney-Client Privilege...Florida A. Attorneys...Alaska California Connecticut DC Florida Illinois Indiana Iowa Minnesota New Jersey North Carolina Pennsylvania Attorney s Fees...Alabama Arizona Arkansas

8 xlii Covenants 2016 Supplement...Connecticut Delaware DC Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Massachusetts Minnesota Mississippi Missouri New Hampshire New Jersey Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington Wyoming Attorney s Fees (Awarded as Damages for Wrongfully Issued Preliminary Injunction)...Illinois B Bad Faith...Alaska California

9 Finding List of Additional Topics xliii...kansas Vermont Bankruptcy (Automatic Stays)...Arizona Indiana Kansas Missouri Blacklisting...Indiana Bankruptcy [(Generally)]...Arizona California Colorado Delaware Georgia Illinois Indiana Kansas Massachusetts Michigan New Hampshire New Jersey New York... R North Carolina Pennsylvania Tennessee Texas Virginia Bankruptcy (Business Valuations)...Connecticut Florida Georgia Kansas Bankruptcy (Dischargeability)...Arkansas California Florida Idaho Iowa Kentucky Massachusetts Missouri

10 xliv Covenants 2016 Supplement...New Jersey New Mexico New York... R North Carolina Ohio Oklahoma Pennsylvania Texas Utah Wyoming Bankruptcy (Rejection of Covenant/Contract)...Delaware Florida Hawaii Idaho Massachusetts Missouri New York... R Ohio Texas Bankruptcy (Rejection of Covenant: Effect on Timing)...Texas Board of Accountancy Code of Professional Conduct...Kansas Bona Fide Retirement Plan...Illinois Breach as Defense in Action at Law...Pennsylvania Breach of Contract as Affirmative Defense...Illinois Missouri Ohio Texas C Cancellation of Invalid Restrictive Covenant (Not Consideration for New Covenant)...Pennsylvania

11 Finding List of Additional Topics xlv Case-by-Case Analysis...Arkansas Georgia Illinois Utah Virginia [17.01.] Change in Employee s Work Territory...Georgia Change in Employer s Business (Cessation of Operations)...California Georgia Louisiana Change in Employer s Business (Change in Nature of Business)...Texas Change in Employer s Business (Change in Structure of Business)...Tennessee Change in Employer s Business (Territory of Business)...Georgia Characterization as a Condition Precedent to Contract Formation...Georgia Characterization as a Covenant or Not...California Colorado DC Georgia Illinois Michigan Minnesota New York... R North Carolina Oregon Pennsylvania Texas Virginia Wisconsin

12 xlvi Covenants 2016 Supplement Characterization as Alteration of Existing Contract Versus New Contract...Massachusetts South Dakota [Reserved] Civil Procedure: Applicability of Federal Versus State Law...Iowa Claim Splitting...Indiana North Carolina [17.4.] Class Actions...California Texas Coercion...Minnesota Collateral Estoppel...Pennsylvania Collective Bargaining Agreements [Federal Common Law]...Louisiana Michigan New York... R Pennsylvania Common Law/Statutory Law Interplay...Wisconsin Competitor s Privilege Doctrine...Arizona Colorado Kansas Concessions...South Dakota Condition Precedent to Contract Formation...Georgia Condition Precedent to Enforcement and Not...Florida Confidential Information (Clauses Acknowledging), Effect of...north Carolina Confidential Information (Clauses), Scope of...michigan Consent Orders...New Jersey Consideration, Failure of (Affirmative Defense)...Missouri Consolidation...Georgia Indiana

13 Finding List of Additional Topics xlvii...missouri North Carolina Conspiracy...Colorado Illinois Indiana Missouri Texas Virginia Washington [Reserved] 21. Construction (Contractual)...Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas Colorado Connecticut Delaware DC Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York... R 465

14 xlviii Covenants 2016 Supplement...North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington Wisconsin Wyoming [0]5. Contempt...Colorado Florida Illinois Massachusetts New York... R Pennsylvania South Carolina Utah Context Characterization: Distributorship Versus Sale of Business Context...New Jersey [21.01.] Context Characterization: License Versus [Other Contexts]...Arkansas California Indiana Minnesota New York... R 469 [21.3.] Context Characterization: Gift Versus Franchise...Illinois [21.4.] [Reserved] [22.] Context Characterization: Franchise Versus [Other Contexts] (See also Additional Topic No )...Arkansas... 36

15 Finding List of Additional Topics xlix...colorado Florida Georgia Illinois Louisiana Massachusetts Nebraska New Jersey Washington Wisconsin Context Characterization: Freestanding Covenant Not to Compete...Nebraska Context Characterization: Lease Versus Employment Context...Arkansas Georgia Context Characterization: Lease Versus Sale of Business Context...Georgia Context Characterization: Partnership Versus Employment Context...Arizona Arkansas California Georgia Virginia Context Characterization: Professional Association and Professional Corporation Versus Employment Context...Arkansas New Hampshire Context Characterization: Sale of Assets...Arkansas North Carolina South Carolina Context Characterization: Sale of Business Generally...Arkansas Colorado

16 l Covenants 2016 Supplement...Missouri North Carolina Ohio Oklahoma South Carolina Utah Context Characterization: Sale of Business Versus Employment Context...Alaska Arizona Arkansas Delaware Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Minnesota Missouri Nebraska New Jersey New York... R North Carolina Ohio Oklahoma South Dakota Tennessee Utah Virginia Wyoming Context Characterization: Sale of Business Versus Sale of Assets Context...North Carolina South Carolina Context Characterization: Sale of Business Versus Stock Redemption Context...California

17 Finding List of Additional Topics li Context Characterization: Service Agreement Versus Employment Context...Indiana Context Characterization: Stock Redemption Versus Employment[-Only] Context...Georgia New Jersey Context Characterization: Stock Purchase Agreements...Arkansas California Michigan Missouri Continuing Violation Principle...Florida Continuity of Enterprise Doctrine...Michigan [Reserved] Contracts of Indefinite Duration...Florida Conversion...West Virginia Corporate Practice of Medicine Doctrine...Illinois Corporations and Individual Liability...Arkansas Connecticut Cost-of-Training Repayment Clauses...California Indiana Nebraska Wisconsin Costs...Florida Michigan North Dakota Ohio Vermont Courts, Specialized Business...Arizona Florida

18 lii Covenants 2016 Supplement Covenant Not to Use Name...New York... R Credit for Time Due...Virginia D 27. Damages [Generally]...Georgia Kentucky New Jersey Pennsylvania Utah Damages (Awarded for Wrongfully Issued Temporary Restraining Orders and Preliminary Injunctions)...Florida Iowa Louisiana Vermont Damages (Effect of Alternative Request for)...minnesota Pennsylvania Damages (Joint Judgments)...New York... R Damages (Remedies Granted Limited by Remedies Requested)...New York... R Deceased Employee...Alabama Declaratory Judgment Actions...Arkansas California Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Kansas Minnesota Nebraska New York... R 470

19 Finding List of Additional Topics liii...north Carolina Oregon Tennessee Texas Virginia Declining Health of Employee...Alabama A. Default Judgments...New York... R Texas Virginia Default on Debenture...Indiana Iowa Default (Procedural)...New York... R Delay in Seeking Injunction...New York... R Texas De Minimis Breaches...Illinois New York... R Dentists and Public Policy...DC Destruction of Evidence...Minnesota New York... R Direct/Indirect Competition..Virginia Directed Verdicts [Demurrer]...Montana Nebraska South Carolina Virginia Disciplinary Rule 2-108(A) of the Code of Professional Responsibility...Illinois Iowa New York... R Tennessee Texas A. Discovery...Florida Georgia Kansas Kentucky Minnesota New York... R Pennsylvania

20 liv Covenants 2016 Supplement...Utah A.001. Dismiss, Motion to...illinois Nevada A.002. Dissolution (Administrative) of Employer, Effect of...illinois A.01. [Distributorship Covenants]...Georgia A.1. Document-Return Provisions...Maine Michigan North Carolina Pennsylvania Virginia Draft Order Language...Texas Due Process...Massachusetts Duress...Louisiana Massachusetts Duress, Defense of...alabama Tennessee Texas Duress/Unclean Hands, Defense of...pennsylvania E Effect of Amended Employment Terms and Conditions...Indiana Effect of Giving Up Competing Business...Indiana Effect of Reemployment by Same Employer...New York... R Ohio Effect of Signing (Generally)...Missouri Pennsylvania Effect of Signing as to Knowledge of Contents...Mississippi New York... R Ohio Pennsylvania

21 Finding List of Additional Topics lv 37. Effect of Signing on Nature of Employment...Arkansas Missouri Ohio South Dakota Election of Remedies...Illinois New Hampshire Pennsylvania Employee Choice Doctrine...New York... R Employee Handbooks...Pennsylvania Employee Retirement Income Security Act...Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware DC Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico North Carolina

22 lvi Covenants 2016 Supplement...North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Employer s/franchisor s/ Licensor s/licensee s/ Partner s/seller s Breach, Effect of...alaska Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Hawaii Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Missouri Montana Nebraska New Hampshire

23 Finding List of Additional Topics lvii...new Jersey New Mexico New York... R North Carolina Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Texas Utah Virginia Washington Wisconsin Employer s Termination, Effect of...illinois Indiana Missouri New York... R Washington Employer s Termination or Abandonment of Business, Effect of...colorado Mississippi Texas Wisconsin Employment at Will [See also Additional Topic No. 11.1]...Illinois Ohio South Dakota Tennessee Texas Virginia Wisconsin Employment Discrimination...Alaska Equal Protection...Pennsylvania A. Equitable Restitution...Illinois Equity Jurisdiction...Georgia Missouri

24 lviii Covenants 2016 Supplement Establishing Breach...Arkansas Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Illinois Iowa Kansas Kentucky Minnesota Missouri Nebraska New Jersey North Carolina South Carolina South Dakota Utah Virginia Washington Wisconsin Wyoming Estoppel...Alabama Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Kansas Minnesota Missouri Nebraska New Jersey New York... R Ohio Pennsylvania Virginia Evidence (Admissibility)...DC Maryland New Mexico New York... R Texas [01.] Evidence (Sufficiency)...Illinois

25 Finding List of Additional Topics lix...indiana Louisiana Minnesota Nebraska Texas Expansion Plans...Nevada New York... R Oregon Expiration of Contract, Effect of...alabama Delaware Florida Illinois Indiana Iowa Kentucky Mississippi Missouri Nebraska New Jersey New Mexico Pennsylvania Tennessee Texas Vermont Expiration of Covenant s Temporal Term, Effect of...arkansas Florida Illinois Mississippi Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York... R North Carolina Utah Vermont Wisconsin

26 lx Covenants 2016 Supplement 42. Extension-of-Time Provisions...Alabama Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Illinois Indiana Louisiana Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota North Carolina Pennsylvania Wisconsin Extrinsic Evidence...Kansas F Failure to Read/ Understand...Pennsylvania Failure to State a Cause of Action/Claim...California Florida Hawaii Louisiana Nebraska Virginia Fair Labor Standards Act...Alaska California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Hawaii Illinois Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine

27 Finding List of Additional Topics lxi...massachusetts Missouri Nebraska New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York... R Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Dakota Texas Utah Washington Wisconsin Family Members...Alabama Colorado Indiana New York... R Texas Washington [1.] Family Members [(Breach Based on Assisting)]...Arkansas Federal Antitrust Law, Interplay with State Law (Lack of)...illinois Federal Common Law...Pennsylvania Fiduciary Duty...Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware DC Florida Hawaii Idaho

28 lxii Covenants 2016 Supplement...Illinois Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York... R North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Finality of Judgment...Kentucky Missouri South Dakota

29 Finding List of Additional Topics lxiii 47. Finality of Judgment (Appealability)...Pennsylvania Tennessee Financing...Alabama [48.1.] First Material Breach Doctrine...Indiana Michigan First-Filed Rule...Minnesota Nevada Forfeiture-for-Competition Clauses...Alabama Connecticut Delaware Indiana Maryland Massachusetts Minnesota New Jersey New York... R North Dakota Pennsylvania South Carolina Forfeiture-for-Competition Clauses (Deferred Comp./Incentive Plans)...Arizona DC Illinois Maryland Nebraska New Jersey New York... R Pennsylvania Texas Wisconsin Forfeiture-on-Competition Provisions...California Louisiana Forfeiture-on-Termination Clauses/Provisions...DC Massachusetts A. Forum Non Conveniens...New York... R 491

30 lxiv Covenants 2016 Supplement [Reserved] Franchise Agreements...Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware DC Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York... R North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island

31 Finding List of Additional Topics lxv...south Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Fraud...Illinois Iowa Michigan Missouri New York... R North Dakota Pennsylvania Fraudulent Conveyances...Illinois New York... R Fraudulent Inducement...Connecticut Kentucky South Dakota /4. Freedom of/to Contract...Arizona Georgia Illinois Iowa Kansas Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Virginia Friends and Lovers (Same-Sex Life Partners)...Colorado A. Frustration of Purpose...Michigan G Garden Leave...Arkansas Delaware

32 lxvi Covenants 2016 Supplement...New York... R Good Faith (Covenant of)...florida New York... R Utah Virginia Good Will, Failure to Allocate Purchase Price to...new Jersey New York... R North Dakota Oklahoma Rhode Island Good Will/Goodwill (Generally)...Massachusetts Michigan Pennsylvania Good Will (Lost) Damages Versus Lost Profits...Virginia A. Grace Periods to Cure Breach Not Presumed...Minnesota Ground Leases...Florida H Hospital Staffing Contracts...Illinois Pennsylvania I Illegal Contracts That Void Covenants...South Carolina Implied Covenants...Alabama Idaho Iowa Kentucky Massachusetts New York... R Tennessee Texas

33 Finding List of Additional Topics lxvii...utah Vermont Implied Terms...North Carolina Inconsistency in Imposing Restrictions...DC Incorporation by Reference...Illinois Missouri [Reserved] 53A. Independent Contractors...Alabama Delaware Florida Georgia Idaho Indiana Kansas Louisiana Maryland Michigan Minnesota Missouri New Hampshire New York... R North Carolina Oklahoma Rhode Island Tennessee Texas Virginia A.001. Individual Capacity (Entering into Covenant in), Effect of...georgia A.01. Individual Nature of Performance...Utah A.1. Inevitable Disclosure Doctrine...Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Kansas Massachusetts Michigan New York... R 498

34 lxviii Covenants 2016 Supplement...North Carolina Ohio Pennsylvania South Carolina A.2. Inferences...DC Kentucky Minnesota Injunction Bonds...Colorado Florida Georgia Hawaii Indiana Kentucky Maryland Ohio Pennsylvania A. Injunctions, Breach of...washington In-Term Covenants [(Covenants for Exclusive Services)]...Iowa New York... R North Carolina Virginia Internet Issues...Kansas Massachusetts Pennsylvania [3.] Intervenors...Texas Invention Assignment Agreements...California Iowa New Jersey Inventory Upon Termination, Promise to Give, as Consideration...Texas Involuntary Dismissal of Claim...Florida A. Irreparable Harm/Irreparable Harm and Entitlement to Injunctive Relief (Clauses Acknowledging), Effect of...alabama

35 Finding List of Additional Topics lxix...delaware Georgia Illinois Indiana Maine Massachusetts Minnesota New Hampshire Pennsylvania Virginia J 54A.1. Judgment Notwithstanding the Verdict...Iowa Mississippi South Carolina Judgment on the Pleadings...Georgia Missouri A. Judgments (Joint)...New York... R A1. Judgments (Preclusive Effect of)...kansas B. Judgments (Proposed)...Florida Judicial Disfavor...Indiana Louisiana Minnesota Mississippi Missouri North Carolina Oklahoma Judicial Modifiability Clauses...Arizona Connecticut Nebraska Judicial Notice...New York... R Vermont Jurisdiction (Diversity)...Georgia Illinois Mississippi Montana

36 lxx Covenants 2016 Supplement...New York... R Oregon Pennsylvania Tennessee Wisconsin Jury Instructions...Indiana Kansas Mississippi Montana Nebraska Pennsylvania Virginia Jury Trial[s]...Kansas South Dakota Texas Just-Cause Union Employees...Michigan K Key Employees...Idaho Kickbacks...Kansas L 56. Laches...Delaware Georgia Iowa New York... R Lanham Act...New York... R Law of the Case...Missouri Leasing Not Characterized as Competing...Colorado Florida Kansas Missouri Oklahoma Liquidated Damages...Alabama Alaska

37 Finding List of Additional Topics lxxi...arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware DC Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York... R North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee

38 lxxii Covenants 2016 Supplement...Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming List Covenants...Iowa Long-Arm Statutes...Alabama Connecticut Kansas Massachusetts Rhode Island Virginia Lost Contracts...Florida M 57. Malicious Prosecution/ Abuse of Process...Alabama Georgia Malpractice in Drafting Employment Agreement (Statute of Limitations)...Florida Malpractice in Drafting Sales Agreement...Illinois Malpractice in Drafting Sales Agreement (Statute of Limitations)...West Virginia Malpractice in Failure to File Appellate Brief...Indiana Malpractice in Valuing/ Failing to Value Good Will...Indiana Malpractice (Transactional)...California Marital Dissolution...California Colorado Idaho Louisiana

39 Finding List of Additional Topics lxxiii...maine Massachusetts Michigan Nebraska North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Marital Dissolution and Business Valuations...California Connecticut Minnesota Nebraska New Hampshire South Carolina Wisconsin Marital Dissolution and Purchase of Business...Montana Marital Dissolution [(]Characterization as Separate/Community Property[)]...California Indiana Minnesota Nebraska New Mexico North Carolina Pennsylvania South Carolina Virginia Washington Marital Dissolution and Civil Contempt...Nebraska Mass Exodus Phenomenon...Maine Measuring Distance...Montana [Reserved] [Reserved] [Reserved] Mediation...Florida Medical Ethical Principles...Georgia

40 lxxiv Covenants 2016 Supplement...Illinois Kansas Michigan Meeting of the Minds...Utah Mergers (and Acquisitions), [Effect of]...delaware Florida Hawaii Kansas Kentucky Maryland Michigan Minnesota New York... R North Carolina Ohio Texas Wisconsin Mistake (Doctrine of)...iowa New York... R Mobility of Workers, Policy Favoring...Wisconsin Modification-in-Writing Requirements...Kentucky New York... R North Carolina Pennsylvania South Dakota Mootness...Alabama Arkansas California Connecticut Florida Georgia Illinois Indiana Louisiana Missouri Nebraska New Hampshire New Jersey

41 Finding List of Additional Topics lxxv...new Mexico New York... R North Carolina Pennsylvania Rhode Island Tennessee Texas Vermont Mutuality of Obligation...New York... R 513 N National Labor Relations Act...Arizona No-Bond Clauses...Florida Noncircumvention Clauses...Georgia Nondisclosure Covenants...Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware DC Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri

42 lxxvi Covenants 2016 Supplement...Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York... R North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Nondisclosure/Nonuse Covenants...Indiana Louisiana North Carolina A. Nonparties to Covenant (Breach Based on Assisting)...Indiana Nonparties to Covenant/ Nonparties to Covenant (Enforceability of Covenant or Injunction Enforcing Covenant Against)...Alabama Arizona Arkansas Colorado Florida

43 Finding List of Additional Topics lxxvii...illinois Indiana Kansas Michigan Mississippi Missouri New York... R North Carolina Texas Washington Nonprofit Organization Issues...Alabama Hawaii Idaho Indiana Mississippi Missouri Nevada New Mexico North Dakota Pennsylvania Vermont Wyoming Nonreturn of Signed Covenant, Effect of...alabama Nonsigning, Effect of...alabama Colorado Florida Iowa Missouri New Jersey New York... R North Carolina Virginia Wisconsin Nonsolicitation Covenants...Alabama Arkansas Colorado Delaware Florida Georgia

44 lxxviii Covenants 2016 Supplement...Hawaii Idaho Illinois Louisiana Maryland Massachusetts Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Nevada New York... R North Carolina North Dakota Oregon South Carolina South Dakota Texas Utah Virginia West Virginia Wisconsin No[n]-Switch (No Hire) Agreements...Alabama Arkansas California Hawaii Illinois Mississippi New Jersey New York... R South Dakota Wisconsin A. No-Rehire Provisions...California AA. Notice Period...Oregon Notices to Customers...New York... R Novation...Georgia New York... R North Carolina

45 Finding List of Additional Topics lxxix O 72. Offsets...Louisiana Texas Oral Contracts...Alaska Florida Georgia Massachusetts North Carolina Pennsylvania South Dakota Wyoming P Parallel Proceedings (Injunctions to Prevent Parties from Participating in Parallel Proceedings in Other Fora)...California Parent and Subsidiary Companies...Maryland Parol Evidence...Illinois Massachusetts Michigan Missouri North Carolina North Dakota Pennsylvania Partial Restraints of Trade...Alabama DC Florida Georgia Indiana Kansas Minnesota Missouri North Dakota Partial Summary Judgment...Montana Patient Abandonment...Illinois Missouri

46 lxxx Covenants 2016 Supplement Permissible Steps to Enter Market...Indiana Personal Jurisdiction...Alabama California Connecticut Georgia Indiana Iowa Kentucky Maine Maryland Massachusetts Minnesota Mississippi Missouri New York Pennsylvania Texas Virginia Wisconsin Personal Services Contracts or Not (Characterization of Covenants Not to Compete as)...tennessee Personally Binding or Not...Oklahoma Texas Physicians...Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware DC Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa

47 Finding List of Additional Topics lxxxi...kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Physicians and Public Policy...Arizona DC Illinois Indiana Kansas Kentucky Missouri

48 lxxxii Covenants 2016 Supplement...New Hampshire New Jersey New York... R North Carolina Pennsylvania Rhode Island Tennessee Physicians and Public Policy (Nonphysicians: Optometrists)...Indiana Physicians, Credentialing of...illinois Piercing the Corporate Veil...New York... R Wisconsin Pleading...Florida Illinois Kentucky New York... R Tennessee Texas Vermont Pleading (Judgment on the Pleadings)...Illinois Pleading (Judicial Admissions)...Illinois Pleading (Replead, Dismissal with Leave to)...new York... R Pre-Employment Noncompetes...Alabama Preemption...Arizona California Missouri New Jersey New York... R North Carolina Pennsylvania South Dakota Texas Virginia Washington Prejudgment Interest...Colorado

49 Finding List of Additional Topics lxxxiii...florida Washington Prejudgment Remedies...Connecticut Preparation to Compete...Massachusetts Presumptions...Arkansas Idaho Kansas Kentucky Maine Minnesota North Carolina Texas West Virginia Privity...Arkansas Indiana Kentucky Texas Utah Productivity and Competence as Legitimate Interests...Florida Professionals...Alabama Arizona New Hampshire New Jersey South Carolina Wyoming Profit Motive (Covenant as Evidence of)...pennsylvania Promissory Estoppel...Georgia Kansas Nebraska Proposed Judgments...Florida Prospective Application of Judicial Decisions...Alabama Prospective Versus Actual Customers...Alabama California Georgia Illinois Michigan New Hampshire

50 lxxxiv Covenants 2016 Supplement Prospective Versus Retroactive Application of Statutory Amendments...Oklahoma Public Policy...Arkansas DC Georgia Hawaii Illinois Indiana Louisiana Michigan Missouri Nebraska New Hampshire New Jersey Utah Wisconsin Q 83. Qualification-to-Do-Business Requirement...Alabama Arkansas Questions of Fact...Arkansas Florida Illinois Kansas Kentucky Maine New Hampshire North Carolina South Dakota Vermont Wisconsin Questions of Law...Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Kentucky New Hampshire

51 Finding List of Additional Topics lxxxv...new York... R North Carolina Oklahoma South Dakota Texas Wisconsin R 83.02A. Racketeering...Pennsylvania Real Estate Brokers...Alaska Recoupment...Michigan Recruiting and Hiring Costs...New Hampshire Reformation...North Carolina North Dakota Reformation to Supply Missing Signature...Florida Remedies Granted Limited by Remedies Requested...New York... R Removal/Joinder of Defendants [Restraints on Alienation]...Delaware Florida Georgia Michigan New York... R Rescission...Florida Maryland Missouri New York... R North Dakota Res Judicata [Claim Preclusion]...Illinois Minnesota New York... R Tennessee Texas Vermont Virginia Respondeat Superior...Missouri

52 lxxxvi Covenants 2016 Supplement 83.[5.] Restraints on Alienation...New York... R Retroactive Effect of Statutes or Not...Florida Louisiana Right to Work...Iowa A. Ripeness for Review...Colorado Indiana Oregon Royalties...Illinois Texas Rules of Professional Conduct, Rule Minnesota Rules of Professional Conduct, Rule Alaska Arizona DC Illinois Indiana Minnesota Missouri New Jersey New York... R Texas Rules of the New York Stock Exchange, Rule 347(b); Rule New York... R Tennessee S Sale of Business Without Covenant Not to Compete (See also Additional Topic Nos. 23 and 23.01)...Indiana West Virginia Securities Fraud...Illinois Selective Enforcement...Arkansas Illinois Minnesota