Resettlement Action Plan

Transcription

1 Resettlement Action Plan Ref. No. 9A WEST AFRICAN POWER POOL (WAPP) Benin Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Resettlement Action Plan for the Rehabilitation of the 64 MW Mount Coffee Hydropower Plant, Liberia

2 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page i The Technical Assistance operation is financed under the EU Africa Infrastructure Trust Fund Access to transport and communication services, water and energy is at the heart of reducing poverty and achieving sustainable economic growth. Europe and Africa are working together to bridge Africa s infrastructure deficit. The EU-Africa Infrastructure Trust Fund, an instrument of the EU-African Partnership on Infrastructure, supports this objective. The fund is a financial mechanism blending grants from EU donors and financiers catalyzing investments in regional infrastructure to foster wider African development Disclaimer: The authors take full responsibility for the contents of this report. The opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Investment Bank and the EU-African Infrastructure Trust Fund, its Donors and Financiers Report prepared by Contact: Dr. Robert Zwahlen Environment and Social Development Specialist Pöyry Energy Ltd. Hardturmstrasse 161, P.O. Box CH-8037 Zurich/Switzerland Tel Mobile Fax robert.zwahlen@poyry.com Copyright Pöyry Energy AG "This report has been prepared by Pöyry Energy AG ( Pöyry ) for West African Power Pool (WAPP) (the Recipient ) pursuant to the consultancy services agreement signed between them on 26 October 2011 ( Agreement ). This report is based in part on information not within Pöyry s control. While the information provided in this report is believed to be accurate and reliable under the conditions and subject to the qualifications set forth herein Pöyry does not, without prejudice to Pöyry s obligations towards the Recipient under the Agreement, make any representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of such information. Use of this report and any of the estimates contained herein by anyone else than the Recipient ( Third Party User ) shall be at the Third Party User s sole risk. Any use by a Third Party User shall constitute a release and agreement to defend and indemnify Pöyry from and against any liability of Pöyry towards the Third Party User, whatsoever in type or nature, in connection with such use, whether liability is asserted to arise in contract, negligence, strict liability or other theory of law."

3 Resettlement Action Plan Page ii Contents LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS... X DEFINITIONS... XIII EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... A Project Description... A Baseline Socio-economic Information on the Project Area... A Avoidance or Reduction of Displacement... B Resettlement Policy Framework... B Consultation and Participation... B Land Acquisition / Resettlement Mechanisms... C Entitlement Matrix... C Grievance Procedure... G Institutional Arrangement... G Monitoring and Reporting... G Resettlement Budget including Compensation Costs... H Conclusions and Recommendations... I 1 INTRODUCTION Objectives THE PROJECT Delimitation of Project Area Problems Encountered Related to Delimitation of the Project Area Avoidance or Reduction of Resettlement Topography and Land Use Climatic Conditions Reservoir Area Short Project History AFFECTED POPULATION Affected Settlements Settlements Wenekai Shellen and Erics Town Gbally Village Sumo Town Benben Town Infrastructure Affected Population Baseline Socio-economic Information on Liberia Population in the Study Area... 14

4 Resettlement Action Plan Page iii 4 PROJECT IMPACTS Identification of Impacts: Effects on Local Population CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION Public Consultation Plan Role of Public Participation Further Consultations Consultation Process Consultations during the Preparation of RAP Individual Consultations Community Consultations Consultation with Local Administration and Leaders (Chiefs) Continuation of Public Consultations SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY Scope and Approach Baseline Socio-economic Conditions in the Project Area Settlements Covered in Survey The Survey Approach The Questionnaires Fieldwork Data Analysis Main Results Settlements Household and Household Structure Vulnerable Groups Housing Employment and Other Income Generating Activities Household Income and Expenditure Place of Permanent Residence Water Supply Sanitation Domestic Fuel Health Services Access to Education Land Use Farmland Size and Landholding in the Project Area Agricultural Production and Livestock in the Project Area Attitude of the Affected Population Readiness to Move Most Important Criteria for Relocation First (Initial) Farmland Survey Affected Farmers Results of Initial Farm Survey Second (Final) Farmland Survey... 63

5 Resettlement Action Plan Page iv 7 RESETTLEMENT CONDITIONS Scope Legal Framework World Bank Resettlement Policy Gap Analysis and Reconciliation Resettlement Policy Framework Basis and Aims Applicability Purpose and Requirement of the Resettlement Policy Framework Resettlement Policy Commitment Policy Statement Specific Goals Land Tenure and Compensation for MCHPP Land Acquisition Land Rights in Liberia Procedures for Land Acquisition in the Counties RAP Preparation Socio-Economic Assessment Impacts of the Project Stakeholder Involvement Legal Framework for Resettlement Land Tenure Land Acquisition in the Public Interest World Bank s Policy on Involuntary Resettlement Eligibility Criteria Procedure for Valuing Affected Assets Implementation Schedule and Linking to the Civil Works Budget and Funding Arrangements Cost Allocation Compensation Payment Other Entitlements Consultation with and Participation of Affected People Monitoring Arrangements Entitlement Scope Generally Accepted Principles Entitlement Matrix Entitlement for MCHPP Grievance Procedure Grievance Mechanism First Instance Second Instance Third Instance: Appeal to Law Court Processing and Monitoring of Grievances Green Light Conditions for Resettlement INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT Principles of Resettlement Organisation... 90

6 Resettlement Action Plan Page v Overall Responsibility Organisation General Organisation Chart The Resettlement Advisory Committee Resettlement Unit Panel of Experts (POE) Village Resettlement Committees Organisation Required for Mt. Coffee HPP Project Specific Conditions The Project Implementation Unit Institutions to be Involved in Resettlement Ministry of Lands, Mines and Energy: Ministry of Public Works Forest Development Authority Ministry of Health and Social Welfare Ministry of Agriculture Ministry of Finance Follow-Up of Resettlement Consultation and Disclosure Asset and Land Valuation Monitoring and Evaluation Legal Representation Livelihood Augmentation and Income Restoration RESETTLEMENT PLAN Identification of Impacts Environmental Concerns and Environmental Management Compensation Issues Land Crops, Cash Crops and Trees Assistance during Relocation and Transition Period Livelihood and Income Restoration Compensation and Development Agricultural Support Including Agro-forestry Literacy and Skills Development Other Livelihood Options Time Frame and Proposed Schedule Training Implementation of the Compensation Process Compensation for Submerged Farmland and Crops Reservoir Area Construction Site Follow-up for Land at Risk Public Participation Grievances Cut-off Date MONITORING AND REPORTING

7 Resettlement Action Plan Page vi 10.1 Types of Monitoring Monitoring Activities and Reporting Monitoring Indicators INVENTORY OF COMPENSATION Costs Not Included Agricultural Compensation Cost Approach Compensation Prices for Damaged Economic Crops Compensation for Annual Crops, if Required Compensation for Biennial Crops, if Required Compensation for Perennial Crops Compensation for Shelters /Farm Houses Allowances Allowances for the farm replacement Other Compensation Issues RESETTLEMENT BUDGET Draft Budget Contingencies and Flexibility Conclusions and Recommendations ANNEXES ANNEX 1: AFFECTED POPULATION A1.1 HDI Indicators for Liberia A1.2 Socio-Economy ANNEX 2: CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION A2.1 Official Project Announcement A2.2 Mass Meeting in Raymond Camp and List of Participants A2.3 Mass Meeting in Arthington, Gbandi and List of Participants A2.4 Comments and Suggestion Form A2.5 Focus Group Discussion Questionnaire A2.6 FGDs Livelihoods with Communities Losing Economic Activities in PIZ A2.6.1 Introduction A2.6.2 Knowledge of the Project (Brief History) A2.6.3 Major Livelihood Activities and Alternatives Livelihood A2.6.4 Alternative Livelihood Activities A2.6.5 Alternative Sites for Resettlement if Communities have to Move A2.6.6 Concerns and Expectations for Resettlement and Livelihood A2.6.7 Vulnerable Groups A2.6.8 Employment A2.6.9 Lists of Participants A2.7 Reports on Focus Group Discussions with BenBen Town A2.7.1 FGD with the Youth of Benben Town, July 2nd A2.7.2 Benben (Women) Focus Group Discussion, 2nd July,

8 Resettlement Action Plan Page vii A2.7.3 Benben Men s FGD, 2nd July, A2.8 Summary Report on Focus Group Discussions with Women at Wenekai A2.9 Focus Group Discussions with HHs in Sumo Settlement, 28th October, A2.10 Consultative Meeting with Town Chiefs, 22 nd March & 21 st April, A2.11 Participants Having Agriculture and Fishing Activities A Fisheries Leaders Contacted in the Project Area A Lists of Fishermen Visited and Interviewed During the Study A Participants of Community Meeting and FGDs Held Concerning Agriculture A.2.12 Official Announcement of the Cut-off Date A.2.13 Final Public Consultation on the Rehabilitation of the Mt. Coffee HPP A Presentation A Questiones Raised A Attendance List ANNEX 3: SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY A3.1 Household Questionnaire A3.2 Household Questionnaire Size of Structures A3.4 Plantations in the Project Area ANNEX 4: RESETTLEMENT CONDITIONS A4.1 Analysis of Laws related to Land, Expropriation and Compensation A4.1.1 Legislation on Resettlement and Expropriation of Land A Relevant Laws A Land Tenure in Liberia A4.1.4 Land Valuation System A4.1.5 Compensation A4.1.6 Other Relevant Guidelines and Standards A4.1.7 Conclusion A4.1.8 Recommendations for Assessment of Compensation A4.2 Compensation Agreement ANNEX 5: INVENTORY OF COMPENSATION A5.1 List of Prices for Economic Crops Damaged during Development Projects A5.2 Agro-Forestry: An Alternative Livelihood for Resettlement of Affected Communities ANNEX 6: RESETTLEMENT IMPLEMENTATION PROCEDURES

9 Resettlement Action Plan Page viii List of Tables Table 0-1: Compensation Entitlement Matrix... D Table 0-2: Draft resettlement budget for Mt Coffee HPP... H Table 3-1: Number of HH and persons in surveyed settlements... 7 Table 3-2 Basic indicators on Liberia Table 5-1: Mount Coffee HPP Consultations Matrix Table 5-2: Settlements and number of participants at consultations on livelihoods, July Table 6-1: Settlements surveyed, dates and name of interviewer Table 6-2: Settlements surveyed and size Table 6-3: Size of HHs by gender Table 6-4: HH structure by age and gender Table 6-5: Marital status of HH members in project area settlements Table 6-6: Vulnerable group and number of persons Table 6-7: Number of HH heads as tenants or owners Table 6-8: Material used for house construction per No. of HH Table 6-9: Number of living rooms and bedrooms per HH Table 6-10: Economic activities practised by HHs in six settlements Table 6-11: Average expenditure per item by HHs in six settlements Table 6-12: Place of birth of HH members Table 6-13: Walking distance to water source Table 6-14: Level of adult education Table 6-15: Number of HHs and farmland size Table 6-16: Types of crops grown Table 6-17: Livestock and poultry kept by HHs Table 6-18: Relocation sites chosen by HH heads Table 6-19: Factors given for relocation by HHs Table 6-20: Farms within the reservoir area, below FSL Table 6-21: Farms which could be affected due to the rise of ground water Table 7-1: Comparison of WB Safeguards and Liberian Legal Resettlement Conditions Table 7-2: Compensation Entitlement Matrix Table 11-1: Compensation prices for economic crops Table 11-2: Compensation costs for annual crops, if required Table 11-3: Compensation costs for plantain/banana, if required Table 11-4: Compensation costs for biennial crops, if required Table 11-5: Compensation costs for tree crops Table 11-6: Reserve for compensation costs for tree crops Table 11-7: Costs for shelters/farm houses in the project area Table 11-8: farm replacement allowances Table 12-1: Draft resettlement budget for MC HPP Table 13-1: Human Development Indicators Table 13-2: Socio-economic indicators Table 13-3: List of Participants in Raymon Camp Table 13-4: List of Participants in Arthington Table 13-5: Summary of Participants and Communities during FGDs Table 13-6: Alternative Sites for Resettlement Table 13-7: Vulnerable People Table 13-8: FGD Attendance of Youth, Benben Table 13-9: Discussion Questions and specific responses from the FGD Table 13-10: List of Participants, Women Benben

10 Resettlement Action Plan Page ix Table 13-11: Participants, Men s FGD Benben Town, July 2nd, Table 13-12: List of Participants, Women Wenekai Table 13-13: Livelihood FGD Shellen, Wenekai and Eric Men and Youth, 9th July, Table 13-14: Livelihood FGD Sumo Settlment Men and Youth, 28th October, Table 13-15: List of Local Leaders, Local Administration and Chiefs Met Table 13-16: Village group fisheries leaders and contacts Table 13-17: Relevant Liberian laws on resettlement and land expropriation List of Figures Figure 2-1: Map of settlements in the Mount Coffe HPP area... 3 Figure 6-1: Distribution of HH size Figure 6-2: Age distribution by gender (in %) Figure 6-3: Distribution of vulnerable HHs Figure 6-4: Distribution of activities by HHs to generate income Figure 6-5: Distribution of average monthly expenditures per HH Figure 6-6: Distribution of average monthly expenditures of HHs Figure 6-7: Distribution of residency of HH heads in project impact zone Figure 6-8: Distribution of reasons given for moving into the reservoir area Figure 6-9: Distribution of access to schools Figure 6-10: Distribution of HHs heads education level Figure 6-11: Distribution of education level of those aged above 6 years Figure 6-12: Distribution of farmland Figure 6-13: Distribution of types of crops grown by HHs Figure 6-14: Croping calendar in the project area Figure 6-15: Distribution of factors given determing HHs relocation Figure 6-16: Distribution of field size Figure 6-17: Number of HH cultivating individual crops Figure 6-18: Total area cultivated per crop Figure 6-19: Farms within the project area Figure 6-20: Farms within the reservoir area, below FSL Figure 7-1: Grievance processing mechanism Figure 8-1: Basic organigram of a Resettlement Organisation Figure 11-1: Croping calendar in the project area Figure 11-2: Example for compensation of cash crop

11 Resettlement Action Plan Page x LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS AIDS AVG CAF CEO CLSG CO Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Average College of Agriculture and Forestry Chief Executive Officer Côte d Ivoire - Liberia - Sierra Leone - Guinea Interconnection Project Liaison/Communications Officer CSLG The Man (Côte d Ivoire) Sannequille (Liberia) - Nzérékore (Guinea) Buchanan (Liberia) - Monrovia (Liberia) - Bumbuna (Sierra Leone) - Linsan (Guinea) Interconnection Project. d/s EIB EMMP EMP EPA ESIA ESIS ESMP F FDA FGD FSL ft GC GDP GNI GOL downstream European Investment Bank Environmental Monitoring and Management Plan Environmental Management Plan Environmental Protection Agency Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Environment and Social Impact Specialist Environmental and Social Management Plan Female Forest Development Authority Focus Group Discussion Full Supply Level feet Grievance Committee Gross Domestic Product Gross National Income Government of Liberia

12 Resettlement Action Plan Page xi GPS ha HDI HDR HH HIV HPP KfW LAIR LD LEC LGO LO M m asl MC HPP MFL MOA MOE MOF MOH Mt MW N/A NGO NORAD ODA OP Global Positioning System Hectare Human Development Index Human Developments Report Household Human Immunodeficiency Virus Hydropower Project Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau Livelihood Augmentation and Income Restoration Liberian Dollar Liberia Electricity Corporation Livelihood and Gender Officer Liaison Officer Male meters above sea level Mount Coffee Hydro Power Plant Maximum Flood Level Ministry of Agriculture Ministry of Education Ministry of Finance Ministry of Health Mount Mega Watt Not Available Non-Governmental Organisation Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation Overseas Development Assistance Operational Policy

13 Resettlement Action Plan Page xii PAPs PIU PIZ POE PPP RAG RAP RMU RO RPF RRA RU SRC STDs TOR TOT u/s UNDP UNDP HDR UNHCR USD VRC WAPP WB Project Affected Persons Project Implementation Unit Project Impact Zone Panel of Expert Purchase Power Parity Resettlement Advisory Group Resettlement Action Plan Resettlement Management Unit Resettlement Office Resettlement Policy Framework Rapid Rural appraisal Resettlement Unit Settlement Resettlement Committee Sexual Transmitted Diseases Terms of Reference Training of Trainers upstream United Nations Development Programme United Nations Development Programme Human Development Report United Nations Human Rights Council United States Dollar Village Resettlement Committee West African Power Pool World Bank

14 Resettlement Action Plan Page xiii DEFINITIONS The main key technical terms used in this Report are briefly defined here. Compensation: Payment in cash or in kind for an asset or a resource that is acquired or affected by a project at the time the asset needs to be replaced. Cut-off date: Date of completion of the census and assets inventory of persons affected by the project. Persons occupying the project area after the cut-off date are not eligible for compensation and/or resettlement assistance. Similarly, fixed assets (such as built structures, crops, fruit trees, and woodlots) established after the date of completion of the assets inventory, or an alternative mutually agreed on date, will not be compensated. Economic displacement: Loss of income streams or means of livelihood resulting from land acquisition or obstructed access to resources (land, water, or forest) resulting from the construction or operation of a project or its associated facilities. Host population: People living in or around areas to which people physically displaced by a project will be resettled who, in turn, may be affected by the resettlement. Involuntary resettlement: Resettlement is involuntary when it occurs without the informed consent of the displaced persons or if they give their consent without having the power to refuse resettlement. Household: A household is the economic unit for resettlement and compensation issues. Household members (often an extended family, but not necessarily restricted to family members) live off a common base (land owned and/or used by the household or its members) and/or contribute to the livelihood of all HH members. The Head of the household is normally the one to be interviewed first, thereafter his spouse and her children. If the head of the household has more than one spouse, then the second spouse is interviewed next followed by her children, and so forth. On the other hand, more than one HH can live in a common building. Household for this study means the family members and other persons staying, sleeping and eating with the family under one roof. Members of a household are also those who have resided in the household for 9 months. However, there can also be household members who have not resided at home for 9 months due to either their studies, e.g. university students, or have been away in hospital. But the household head will verify that those mentioned as being absent for more than 9 months are under his care and hence fall within the category of household members. Project-affected person (PAP): Any person who, as a result of the implementation of a project, loses the right to own, use, or otherwise benefit from a built structure, land (residential, agricultural, or pasture), annual or perennial crops and trees, or any other fixed or moveable asset, either in full or in part, permanently or temporarily. Resettlement Action Plan (RAP): The document in which a project sponsor or other responsible entity specifies the procedures that it will follow and the actions that it will take to mitigate adverse effects, compensate losses, and provide development benefits to persons and communities affected by an investment project. Resettlement assistance: Support provided to people who are physically displaced by a project. Assistance may include transportation, food, shelter, and social services that are provided to affected people during their relocation. Assistance may also include cash allowances that compensate affected people for the inconvenience associated with

15 Resettlement Action Plan Page xiv resettlement and defray the expenses of a transition to a new locale, such as moving expenses and lost workdays. Resettlement policy framework: Clear definition of conditions under which the resettlement (for a specific project, a sector program or within a political entity like a state or a province) will be planned and implemented. It defines issues like entitlement, principles of compensation, grievance processes and other legal procedures. A resettlement policy framework is required especially in cases where no formal resettlement law is in existence, and/or when such a law is not in total compliance with applicable rules, e.g. of an international donor or financing institution. A resettlement policy framework is required for projects with subprojects or multiple components that cannot be identified before project approval. This instrument may also be appropriate where there are valid reasons for delaying the implementation of the resettlement, provided that the implementing party provides an appropriate and concrete commitment for its future implementation. The policy framework should be consistent with the principles and objectives of OP Settlements: The settlements in rural Liberia are either villages or towns and for convenience sake, these will be referred to as settlements. Stakeholders: Any and all individuals, groups, organisations, and institutions interested in and potentially affected by a project or having the ability to influence a project. Vulnerable groups: People who by virtue of gender, ethnicity, age, physical or mental disability, economic disadvantage, or social status may be more adversely affected by resettlement than others and who may be limited in their ability to claim or take advantage of resettlement assistance and related development benefits.

16 Resettlement Action Plan Page A EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Project Description The Government of Liberia (GOL) has received funds from the European Investment Bank (EIB) to facilitate the preparation of the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for the MC HPP Reservoir area and environs. The project site is in Montserrado County within the Carysburg District. The Mt. Coffee Hydropower Project (MC HPP) is located on the St. Paul River, approx. 25 km upstream of Monrovia, the capital. The dam is about 3-4 km west of Arthington town. The reservoir area which will be covered by water is estimated to be approximately 8.1 km 2. The Full Supply Level (FSL) will be at m asl and the Maximum Flood Level (MFL) will be at m asl. The main dam is an earthen embankment dam with a height of 23 m and a crest length of m. Google maps have been used to identify settlements and land that might be affected; however, the 30 m asl lines found in maps taken from the Liberian topographical map and from the map received from Stanley Consultants Inc. have been in conflict, Furthermore information have been received from the population of the settlements that they had been resettled when the dam was built the first time. Therefore, six settlements were identified in the first survey as to be included in the Resettlement Action Plan as possibly having to be relocated until a proper topographical survey has been carried out and the MFL has been marked in the field. The results of this HH survey are used for providing a detailed overview of the baseline socio-economic conditions in the project area. However, during the second survey after receiving accurate maps it turned out that none of the settlements are below FSL will actually need to be relocated. Still the plantations of 69 farmers are located below the FSL and about 8 Rubber Plantations are located beween FSL and MFL, those plantations are at risk and will need to be monitored since the raised groundwater could affect the rubber trees. This RAP was developed in accordance with the World Bank s safeguard policies. Baseline Socio-economic Information on the Project Area Formal employment among the populations of the project area is negligible; most people earn a living from being engaged in land-based activities like agriculture, charcoal production, mining and contract work involving cutting palms and sticks. Women are mostly engaged in cultivation of food crops, working in groups to ensure that there is enough food for the families. Only if surplus yields have been got will staple crops be sold. The main crops cultivated are cassava and rice as the staple crops, vegetable, corn, sweet potatoes and peanuts. HH survey results show that the main part of HH expenditure is on food and transport; very little is spent on education. People are also engaged in fishing with the St. Paul River being the fishing ground; fish is for both HH consumption and trade, with HHs relying on it as a nutritional supplement. Self-made businessmen and women are also found in the settlements running small trading shops, with the mining settlements like Benben and Gbally being better off than the other four settlements. Not much livestock is kept by HHs in the project area, poultry seems to be preferred.

17 Resettlement Action Plan Page B Domestic water supply for cooking and drinking is mainly from creeks; the settlements surveyed had only two functional hand pumps. Water supply for bathing and other household chores and mining is obtained from the St. Paul River. There are no toilets in the settlements, practically all the population use the bushes. No infrastructure exists for waste disposal; people dispose their rubbish in the bushes. Health facilities are far from the settlements and people use the nearest health facility closet to them and for most this is the Raymond Camp health post. Most people walk to the health facilities and such a walk is more than 30 minutes. There are no higher education level facilities, only primary and junior high secondary facilities. Within the surveyed settlements there are no education facilities and it takes children 2-3 hours walk to get to and from schools. Generally the education levels of the population within the project area are rather low among the HH heads. Avoidance or Reduction of Displacement The need for resettlement is directly dictated by the Maximum Flood Level (MFL) meaning the hundred year flood level. The defined MFL is put at m asl; this is the maximum water level in the reservoir area, meaning that anything lying below or at this level would be submerged if a flood event occurs. In order to avoid any risks the PAPs inhabiting such locations would need to be relocated to other sites above the MFL. Most of the settlements surveyed were established after the breach of the dam and the end of the civil war. However, since none of these settlements is located below the MFL they do not need to be relocated and should be left to continue with their livelihoods. Resettlement Policy Framework A RPF was prepared, based on relevant national legislation as regards land rights and expropriation, Constitution, and the WB safeguards as the country has no resettlement policy dealing with involuntary resettlement. Consultation and Participation Consultations were conducted with PAPs, local administration and leaders and other stakeholders during the preparation of the RAP. These consultations should be seen as a continuous process. The consultations were at various levels with diverse actors and took the form of the following: Official Project Announcement (See Annex 2.1). Mass meetings in Raymond Camp and Gbandi (palaver hut discussions) were carried out in the affected area to discuss the project and obtain preliminary feedback and concerns of the PAPs (See Annex 2.2 and 2.3). Socio-economic HH surveys (See Annex 3.1 and 3.2). Fishery survey (See Annex and ). A farmland survey was carried out, covering the entire reservoir area and its surroundings. In order to be on the safe side this survey covered an area which was larger as the reservoir itself was expected to be. The survey was carried out in mid-2012 (See Annex ).

18 Resettlement Action Plan Page C Focus Group Discussions with all identified PAPs during the first survey (See Annex ). Meetings with individuals to get early history of settlements that were relocated before and came back to the same site after the dam breached. In April and May 2013, a second farmland survey was carried out, covering all the farmland actually located inside the future reservoir. All farmers have been contacted and they were informed if their farmland will be affected by the reservoir (See Annex 3.4). Public participation meeting in Raymonds Camp (June 7 th, 2013), with a power point presentation, describing the project, the main impacts on the local population as well as the mitigation measures. Subsequent to the presentation a discussion took place were the population was able to raise the main concerns and expectations (See Annex 2.13). Land Acquisition / Resettlement Mechanisms Entitlement Matrix This RAP addresses land acquisition and resettlement mechanisms based on the Liberian Constitution s relevant articles; and gives recommendations of how to determine the owner of land in fee simple, customary/communal land and delineating boundaries of the MC HPP land. The World Bank s OP 4.12 has been used as the guiding principle for this resettlement plan and especially the compensation to all affected PAPs. The implementation of the RAP should start as soon as possible in order to keep up with the schedule foreseen for implementation of the technical project. Timely allocation of suitable land as replacement for lost farmland is crucial not only for project implementation, but also for reducing compensation costs. The PAPs are entitled to different kinds of compensation and resettlement assistance. Following entitlement matrix has been used to identify and to difine the rights of the PAPs for compensation. Note: that ESIA and RAP for the transmission line right of way are subject of a seperat assignment.

19 Resettlement Action Plan Page D Table 0-1: Compensation Entitlement Matrix Compensation Framework Impact Category Entitlement Observations MCHPP dam and reservoir 1. Loss of land (any type of land: agricultural, house plot, other land) 1.1 Land title, legal ownership 1.2 Traditional ownership (recognised in the country / community) 1.3 No kind of recognised ownership, squatters Land for land or cash compensation Land for land preferable for farmers, especially subsistence farming Not applicable for MC reservoir: all PAPs squat on government land. Application to Mt. Coffee HPP MCHPP constr. site Might be applicable for land used for construction site outside of reservoir. TL ROW Might be applicable. Same as above. Same as above. Same as above. Same as above. Same as above. Entitled to compensation for lost assets, but not necessarily for land (e.g. alternative livelihood) Compensation should be in a form as to provide for livelihood; no cash compensation. 1.4 Tenants Same as above. Compensation for land goes to land owner (landlord); compensation for assets created/implemented by tenants goes to tenants. 2. Loss of house 1.1 House owner House for house: either new house built and made available be project, or cash compensation at replacement cost (prior agreement with owner required). Improve situation of PAPs if possible. 1.2 Tenants Not entitled. Compensation for house goes to owner; tenant entitled to moving allowance (see below). Case for all land occupants in Mt. Coffee reservoir. t.b.d. t.b.d. Not applicable. t.b.d. t.b.d. Applicable to all houses to be relocated. Applicable to all houses to be relocated. Not applicable. t.b.d. t.b.d. Applicable to all houses to be relocated.

20 Resettlement Action Plan Page E Compensation Framework Impact Category Entitlement Observations MCHPP dam and reservoir 3. Loss of other structures 3.1 Owner Entitled to full compensation (usually in cash, replacement value) Can be structures like shops, workshops, wells, walls or fences, irrigation structures etc. 3.2 Tenant Not entitled. Could be entitled to assistance for reestablishment, or alternative livelihood 4. Loss of crops 4.1 Annual crops Compensation to farmer (not to land owner). Compensation required for lost harvests. 5. Loss of access to commons Timing of replacement of land is important in order to avoid/minimise loss of harvests. 4.2 Biennial crops Same as above. Same as above; consider longer time span. 4.3 Tree (perennial) crops All users of commons. Compensation to owner of tree (which is not necessarily the land owner). Compensation for lost trees (costs of establishing new plantation) and for lost harvests. In kind if possible. Basis for compensation: market value of crops (trees and harvest) official government price scale. Common good like pasture land, forest for collecting NTFPs, charcoal production, fishing, etc. Not applicable (no such structures). Application to Mt. Coffee HPP MCHPP constr. site There might be some cases in the construction area. TL ROW Not applicable. t.b.d. t.b.d. Depends on the timing for the implementation of compensation. Same as above. Major issue in this case: rubber trees, which is by far the most important tree crop in this area. (See accompanying document reviewing MOA price for rubber.) Small loss of land, compensation probably not required. For charcoal production: possibility for community managed plantation forest. For fishing: follow-up through fish and fisheries monitoring, measures depending on results. Same as for reservoir. Same as for reservoir. Same as for reservoir. t.b.d. There might be some cases in the TL ROW. Same as for reservoir. Same as for reservoir. Same as for reservoir. t.b.d.

21 Resettlement Action Plan Page F Compensation Framework Impact Category Entitlement Observations MCHPP dam and reservoir 6. Loss of income 6.1 Public servants Usually no compensation required, they will keep their position and income 6.2 Employment in private sector 7. Loss of livelihood All types of livelihood, whether included above or not. 8. Other compensation 9. Additional measures for improving conditions of PAPs Application to Mt. Coffee HPP MCHPP constr. site TL ROW None Not applicable. t.b.d. t.b.d. Alternative must be provided. None Not applicable. t.b.d. t.b.d. 6.2 Self-employment. Alternative must be provided. Small shops and restaurants etc. which are lost (physically or loss of customers), etc. 8.1 Moving allowance or support 8.2 Support to vulnerable groups Depends on specific situation of the project and the affected population. All PAPs entitled to replacement or compensation. All PAPs who need to be physically relocated All HH identified as vulnerable during survey, if affected. Can be used as alternative livelihood if required (see point 7) If present livelihood cannot be restored through compensation measures, alternatives must be offered. Transport for movable assets, compensation for other moving costs (e.g. lost productive time. No such cases. t.b.d. t.b.d. No such cases. t.b.d. t.b.d. Households (HH) to be relocated. t.b.d. t.b.d. Allowance to be paid. Affected vulnerable HH. t.b.d. t.b.d. "Benefit sharing" according to guidelines: PAPs should have a benefit from the project. Might need special work for developing suitable program. Options: Development of fishing in MC reservoir. Community forests for charcoal production. t.b.d. t.b.d.

22 Resettlement Action Plan Page G Grievance Procedure There will be three stages dealing with complaints and a settlement mechanism will be set up. The first instance will be lodged at the settlement level while the second instance will be at the district level, where a committee for resolving grievances will be set up. The third instance will be the law courts which will give the final ruling and this should be respected. PAPs need to have the possibility to engage a Legal Counsel at no costs for them. Institutional Arrangement Liberia Electricity Corporation is the project proponent and as such is responsible for contracting out the rehabilitation of the dam. The Project Implementation Unit (PIU) is already set up to deal with resettlement and other issues tied to MC HHP. The following personnel will be responsible for environmental and social (E&S) issues: Environmental and Social Safeguards specialist Community Liaison Officer; Public Health Officer; and Environmental Officer. Given the rather small task at hand (no physical relocation of persons only economic replacement) this structure and staffing seems adequate. The PIU will have to be represented locally via a local office and the E&S officers will have to be on site regularly and very often (regular office hours required). A number of other stakeholders might sometimes have to be included in the process e.g. Ministry of Lands Mines and Energy, Ministry of Public Works, Forest Development Department, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture, Planning and Economic Affairs Ministry, Ministry of Finance. Monitoring and Reporting The planning and implementation activities for resettlement will be monitored to ensure that the process is carried out fairly and in accordance with the provisions of this plan. Monitoring will consist in internal and external monitoring. The internal monitoring will be the obligation of the PIU. This will be the progress monitoring, which needs to be done on a continuous basis. Its findings will be reflected in the regular (presumably monthly and quarterly) reports, which will be made available to the authorities in charge. External monitoring will be the responsibility of the Panel of Experts (PoE). Such a panel was already put in place by LEC. The involvement of the PoE will presumably consist of two site visits per year during the construction period, and for a certain period beyond (which should be up to two years after commissioning) in order to make sure that all obligations towards the PAPs have been fulfilled. The PoE will prepare a detailed report after each site visit.

23 Resettlement Action Plan Page H Resettlement Budget including Compensation Costs The following Table shows the preliminary budget for compensation and resettlement. Table 0-2: Draft resettlement budget for Mt Coffee HPP Item Crop Compensation Costs receiving land 2014 Total (USD) receiving land 2015 receiving land 2016 a) Annual crops ' b) Biennial crops ' ' c) Perennial crops 35' ' ' d) Reseve for critical rubber farms 91' ' ' e) Monitoring of critical rubber farms for 5 years 10' ' ' f) Lump-sum amount for the construction site 80' ' ' Farious Other Compensations Shelter compensation cost 2' ' ' Farm replacement allowances 6' ' ' Infrastructure for access to the farms 20' ' ' Boat for transfer (Zakama - Raymonds Camp) 10' ' ' Sub-total: Total Compensation Costs 256' ' ' Contingency 5% 12' ' ' Unallocated Funds (10%) 25' ' ' Grand Total Compensation and Allowances 294' ' ' Institutional Costs (annual) Years Legal Counsel 4 50' ' ' LAIR Activities PAPs' Agriculture Training 4 129' ' ' Other LAIR Activities 4 100' ' ' Sub-total 2: Institutional Costs 279' ' ' Contingency 5% 13' ' ' Unallocated Funds (10%) 27' ' ' Grand Total Institutional 321' ' ' Overall Resettlement budget 616' ' '021' A lump sum amount has been included for the construction site area, since the layout was still under preparation. Here it was assumend that approximately 1 km 2 will need to be used as construction site at the powerhouse area and about 1km 2 will be used on Buzzel Quarter Island. Within these areas about m 2 are used for agriculture. Therefore USD have been included to cover the crop compensation (about 2 USD/m 2 ) and any other allowances. This will have to be verified in the next step of project and resettlement planning.

24 Resettlement Action Plan Page I The considerable difference between these three alternatives is explained mainly by the fact that a later allocation of land will result in a longer period of loss from harvests crops, and therefore in an increased amount of compensation payment. Conclusions and Recommendations As mentioned several times in the Report, there are two items which have a major influence on final resettlement costs, namely: uncertainty on areas which are actually located in the future reservoir, i.e. which will be submerged at impoundment; and timing of allocation of replacement land for agriculture. For the time being, a topography survey of the reservoir area has bee carried out by Stanley Consultant Inc., which has horizontal accuracy of ± 5 meters and a vertical accuracy of ± 3 meters. A final determination will only be possible once the reservoir is filled, therefore the farms within the reservoir area and those with a distance of about 10 m to the FSL have been measured. From all other farms the nearest point to the reservoir FSL has been taken with a GPS device and it has been noted which kind of crop is planted. After filling of the reservoir it will be necessary to carry out an additional check on the farms. The second important condition is the timing of allocation of replacement land for perennial (tree) crops. It has to be pointed out that usually community land allocated for cultivation may not be used for planting of trees; this is also due to the fact that the use right can be revoked by the community at any time, which makes the investment for planting trees unsafe. It is therefore important, that PAPs losing tree plantations are allocated replacement land with permit to plant trees and a guarantees use right of at least 30 years. As has been shown clearly, early allocation of such land will result in a considerable reduction of compensation costs.

25 Resettlement Action Plan Page 1 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Objectives The main objective of this report is to formulate a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for relocating the affected populations of settlements that will be submerged. The settlements are in the reservoir area. The ultimate objective is to support people in rebuilding their livelihoods, which include not only housing but also their sources on income, economic activities, social relationships, access to public services, and social and cultural practices. In addition, the RAP will also include: Identification of affected project persons (PAPs) who have crops and trees in the reservoir area and the compensation entitled to them as they will lose these crops. Identification of compensation packages, including livelihood restoration activities chosen by the PAPs. Defining the entity in charge of planning and implementing the resettlement programme. Defining the implementation approach Defining the participating entities and inter-institutional coordination mechanisms Designing information mechanisms and establishing two-way communication channels Designing a system for handling complaints and claims Preparing the timetable for planning and implementation Preparing the budget for resettlement The report has been written following the World Bank s OP 4.12 for involuntary resettlement.

26 Resettlement Action Plan Page 2 2 THE PROJECT 2.1 Delimitation of Project Area The project site is in Montserrado County within the Carysburg District. The Mt. Coffee Hydropower Project (MC HPP) is located on the St. Paul River, approx. 25 km upstream of Monrovia, the capital. The dam is about 3-4 km west of Arthington town. The reservoir area is estimated to be approximately 8.1 km 2. The area surrounding the reservoir also known as the immediate reservoir catchment area stretching downstream of the dam from the powerhouse outlet to the substation and the environs as far as the unpaved access road (stretching approx. 30 km) to the facility. The Full Supply Level (FSL) will be at m asl and the Maximum Flood Level (MFL) will be at m asl. Upstream of the dam the reservoir stretches up to Sumo Town in the north easterly direction. The approximate length of the reservoir will be 10 km. The project affected include, among others: All settlements whose inhabitants use land within the project area; People whose houses and farmland are situated below or at the MFL, including the area within the construction site; All inhabitants whose access to resources in the forests and environs of the reservoir will be interfered with in any way, cutting off access to these resources. To date the reservoir has been encroached by populations and is used for agriculture, while the stretch of the St. Paul River within the area serves as fishing ground for the populations. Within the reservoir no settlements have been detected, except of some shelters on the farmland. The construction site layout has not been provided; any houses affected by the construction activities will need to be included into the RAP. Other activities such as hunting and charcoal making occurring in the forests and to a notnegligible degree mining activities also fall within the project area. An aerial picture showing the location of the settlements is provided in the Figure below Problems Encountered Related to Delimitation of the Project Area During the study problems were encountered related to the delimitation of the project area (reservoir area), resulting from inconsistencies between contour lines in topographic maps from Liberia and from the orthophoto map prepared by Stanley Consultant. Furthermore the Consultant received information from the population of the settlements marked in red (see Figure 2-1) that they had been resettled when the dam was built the first time and therefore it has been assumed that these settlements have been in the area of flood risk. Due to these circumstances it was decided to include the six villages marked in red in the Resettlement Action Plan as possibly having to be relocated until a proper topographical survey has been carried out and the FSL has been marked in the field. Due to the above mentioned discrepancies a more detailed survey has been carried out for the six settlements which were likely to be relocated. However finally an additional topographic survey based 11 survey concrete monuments and 22 surveyed control points and a Digital Terrain Model was carried out. The horizontal accuracy of the FSL and the MFL is ± 5 meters and a vertical accuracy is ± 3 meters (see Figure 2-1).

27 Resettlement Action Plan Page 3 Note: the blue line marks the FSL (29.06 m asl) the yellow line marks the MFL (100 year flood level, m asl) End of normal pool at FSL (29.08 m asl) End of influence of MC HPP on a 100 year flood event Figure 2-1: Map of settlements in the Mount Coffe HPP area Note: the houses (red and yellow) are indicating the villages in the surrounding of the reservoir having farms within the reservoir area. The red houses are the villages where the HH survey took place.

28 Resettlement Action Plan Page Avoidance or Reduction of Resettlement Applicable policies, and in the present case mainly the WP OP 4.12 on involuntary resettlement, ask for avoidance or minimisation of project induced resettlement to the extent possible. For MCHPP, two water levels are used as the benchmark for resettlement and compensation, namely: The reservoir FSL, which is m asl: all land located below this level will no longer be available, and for fields located below this level therefore compensation is required. The MFL (which in this case is indicated as being the 100 years flood level, reaching an elevation of m asl): inhabited houses below this line will have to be relocated. Obviously land located between FSL and MFL can still be cultivated (unless affected by a rise in groundwater level), the risk of losing a harvest once in a hundred years is deemed acceptable. It should also be noted that above the line indicating the upper limit of influence of the reservoir on flood levels in Figure 2-1 there is obviously also a flood risk. However, since this remains the same as under present conditions, i.e. is not influenced by the Project, no compensation of any type has to be provided by Mount Coffee HPP in this area, and this area was also not covered in the present RAP. Therefore, the need for resettlement is directly dictated by the Maximum Flood Level (MFL, m asl); this is the maximum water level in the reservoir area, which on average will be reached once in 100 years. This means that anything lying below or at this level will be submerged if a flood event occurs. The only way to avoid or reduce resettlement would be to lower the dam height. The main measure for minimising resettlement in the present case was not to increase the dam height over what it had been in the original project (which, given the topogtraphy of the area, might have been impossible anyway). Even considering the fact that a large proportion of the settlements in the project area were created after the end of the civil war, i.e. after the breaching of the dam, they were established outside the former and future reservoir area. This means that resettlement issues in this case are largely or exclusively questions of dealing with compensation for land within the reservoir area which is being used for agricultural purposes. 2.2 Topography and Land Use The Mt Coffee HPP is located in the rolling hill zone. This area has been greatly influenced by human activities like shifting cultivation, fuel wood collection and charcoal production. The project area is characterised by patches of secondary forest, sugar cane plantations and some palms. In the downstream area, much of the original vegetation has been destroyed by human activities, while in the reservoir fallow land and young secondary forests are dominant and the upstream area is dominated by forests with young trees and undergrowth. However, old secondary forests are also present in both the down- and upstream areas, where due to the uneven relief man has not cultivated these areas as intensively as would have been expected.

29 Resettlement Action Plan Page 5 Land use is mainly agriculture that is characterised by low technology implements such as hoes, cutlasses, and production relies on manual labour. Along the river, fertile land is used for cultivation and only few cases exist of farmers who have set up irrigation for their crops. The farm land in the project area goes through a cycle of slash and burn and is left fallow to regenerate before its next use, usually after 5 years. The vegetation cut during the previous period will have grown by then and can later be used as firewood, timber or even charcoal making. Livestock keeping is not practised much by the populations in the settlements. Mostly poultry (chickens and ducks) and few sheep and goats are kept. Mining is also practised especially at Benben settlement, where gold mining seems to have attracted youth to move from Monrovia to this settlement in search of gold. Gbally settlement also has mining activities. Mining is, however, rudimentary with no large investments made in heavy machinery. The land is characterised by open pits due to the mining and it has been left bare making it vulnerable to erosion. 2.3 Climatic Conditions Liberia has a tropical and humid climate with average temperatures ranging from 21 o C. The mean is 27 o C. There are relatively small variations between day and night temperatures and also between seasons, with temperatures not exceeding 37 o C or falling below 20 o C. On the coast the heat is tempered by an almost constant breeze. There are two seasons, the wet being from May to October and the dry from November to April. It rarely rains during the dry season, though during the wet season there could be a dry spell in July and August lasting two weeks. However, overall rainfall decreases markedly from south to north, i.e. from the coast to inland, being on average, in mm/year, in Monrovia, in Bong Mines, and in Zorzor. The average humidity on the coastal belt is 82% during the wet season and 78% in the dry season, but this is liable to drop to 50-30% between December and March when the Harmattan winds blow from the Sahara. 2.4 Reservoir Area The reservoir, which will form on the upstream side of the dam will have at full supply level (FSL) a surface area of 8.1 km 2 (810 ha, 2001 acres) at an elevation of m asl (95.4 ft). Maximum flood level (MFL) will be at m asl and the minimum operation level will be at m asl (see Figure 2-1). The drawdown area will have a surface area of 0.91 km 2 (91 ha, 225 acres). It is estimated that about 1 km 2 (100 ha, about 250 acres) of the reservoir has vegetation encroachment. The reservoir will have a total volume of 62.6 million m 3 and a live storage of 54.3 million m 3. Topographically the reservoir area is composed of gentle hills without steep slopes. Within the distance of 1.5 km upstream of the dam site the reservoir has a maximum width of about 1 km. Further upstream it is slightly wider than the river during rainy season. The current riverbanks, which will be submerged from the reservoir, are used during dry season for agricultural purposes. 2.5 Short Project History The Mount Coffee Hydro Power Plant (MC HPP) was constructed between 1963 and It consisted of two units of 15 MW each and an additional two units of 17 MW each were added and these were commissioned in The total installed capacity of

30 Resettlement Action Plan Page 6 the plant was 64 MW. However, the civil war that started in 1990 affected the power plant, with the National Patriotic Front of Liberia taking over its control on 28th June of the same year. The plant operator left on 30 th June, 1990, and by 12th August the Forebay Dam 1 broke, with the subsequent result of damages to the powerhouse, substation and spillway structures. Before the dam was constructed resettlement must have taken place. No written information is available on this but an account from the founder of Benben town and his wife indicate that they were relocated from their present site (which is the same Benben town) in 1962 because the construction of MC HPP was going to be carried out, they were told that water from the dam would submerge their house. The Study Team suspects that settlements that were relocated at that time would not have needed to be resettled. The settlements are most likely above the MFL (29.56 m asl.) the dam water would reach would it be operational today. With the breaching of the dam and the receding of the water, combined with the ongoing civil war, the first old settlers came back to their original settlement site in 1990 for Shellen village and Wenekai village and in 1991 for Benben town. They rebuilt the settlement and started using the land again for farming and other activities. This time more people flocked the settlement seeking refuge from the civil war perpetrators. No one moved back to the settlements before Rehabilitation works for MC HPP are now required to get the dam into operation again, together with all the structures and transmission lines so that production and transmission of energy to Monrovia and environs can resume.

31 Resettlement Action Plan Page 7 3 AFFECTED POPULATION 3.1 Affected Settlements A total of six settlements were thought to be critical in relation to physical relocation, due to the contradicting maps received at the beginning of the study and statements of the villagers. Therefore a detailed survey was carried out for these settlements, which are shown in the Table 3-1 indicating the number of households (HH) and the population size, as revealed during the focus group discussions held and the HH survey carried out. A total of 139 HHs housing 596 people are living in these settlements. These settlements are situated just at the edge of the reservoir when water rises to MFL (See Figure 2-1 (red houses)). The area of the reservoir is 8.1 km 2. Table 3-1: Number of HH and persons in surveyed settlements District Township Settlement Name No. of HH Persons Careysburg Harrisburg Shellen Town Eriks Town 4 27 Wenekai St. Paul River Arthington Gbally Sumo 3 11 Todee Mount Coffee Benben Town Total Source: Study Team Settlements Wenekai A description of these settlements is given in the following sections. The settlements are either villages or towns and for convenience sake, these will be referred to as settlements. This is situated to the north-east of Raymond camp. Wenekai is within Montserrado County, Careysburg District, in the township of Harrisburg which has 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd Wards. Wenekai is found within the 2 nd Ward. The name Wenekai evolved from a Kpelle word which was translated into English as place where we meet friends. According to the residents, this settlement was established in 1995 as people were returning from displaced camps, settling in big towns that were either burned or completely looted and were fearful to live in. Under this situation, most people were afraid to return to their original town. More so, settling in small settlements could give them some livelihoods such as cutting of wild palm, making of charcoal which would sustain their families for the time being. Wenekai is an hour s walk from Raymond Town. It is bounded to the north by St. Paul River, to the southwest by Shellen, and to the east by Eric. The settlement has 14 HHs with a total of 67 persons. The people are squatters cultivating on land that is quite some distance from the homesteads.

32 Resettlement Action Plan Page 8 The main economic activities include farming and charcoal making. Their main crop is cassava which is harvested only once a year. Production of 50 kg is valued at an average of LD The low production can be attributed to traditional farming techniques under rain-fed agriculture. The population also hunts and fishes. In terms of commerce, Wenekai is known for charcoal and cassava production. On the other hand, Wenekai being an open community, goods such as rice, salt, soap, etc. are brought there. Other economic activities include hunting and fishing. The average family income is about LD per year. The main market is in Bensonville, which serves all the settlements around, with the big market day being on Saturdays. Women in Wenekai do all their farming activities in groups, helping each other out during land preparation and sowing. They move from one farmland to another and do not as such have agricultural land as a group, but as individual land for each HH. The settlement has access to farm-to-market road but hardly do cars go into the village. Almost all vehicles that enter the village go to pick up charcoal, a major good. The roads are all dirt roads and paths interconnecting the different houses or leading from the settlement are in bad conditions. There are also footbridges leading to the farms, where most people are living. The footbridges are simple, made up of two palm tree trunks lying side by side. Few persons have radios and cell phones. The phone network is poor. There are no sports or recreation grounds. No mosques, churches, clinics or schools are found in Wenekai. The nearest school attended by the children is at Raymond Camp, as is the nearest clinic serving the Wenekai population. There is a hand pump for water but river and creek water are used more Shellen and Erics Town These are both in the south eastern direction/side of the reservoir on the right bank of a tributary. The two settlements are not more than 30 minutes' walk from each other and fall within Carysburg District in the township of Harrisburg. Erics Town is limited on the north by St. Paul River, on the west by Raymond farms, and on the east sharing creek with Borbor town and south by Wenekai. Erics Town is located in Montserrado County, in the District of Harrisburg. Shellen is limited on the north by St. Paul River, on the west by Raymond Camp, and on the east sharing the creek with Wenekai and south by a large swamp. Erics Town has been there since the Second World War. It has only 4 HHs and a total of 27 people. The settlement is named after the founder, Eric. The villagers main activities are land-based, with the highest number of HHs (4) engaged in both farming and charcoal making. Other economic activities that one or two HHs engage in include fishing (2), hunting (1), cutting palm (1) and cutting sticks (1). Shellen is a bigger settlement than Erics Town and it was established in 1996 by people who left a displaced centre from Todee District to the present Shellen site. There are 14 HHs with 50 people. Shellen is said to mean shilling. According to the story, Mr. John had a British coin which was so strange to many of the people travelling with him. He then decided that what was written on the coin become the name of the Town. The main sources of livelihood in Shellen (Shilling) are farming and vegetable gardening. It is noted that rice production is not common. Root crop like cassava is commonly planted and harvested. The vegetables that are usually grown in the area are pepper and beans. However, these vegetables are just enough for their household consumption. The second most important livelihood is charcoal burning with 9 HHs

33 Resettlement Action Plan Page 9 doing this. Other activities include, fishing (2 HHs) and cutting of sticks for house construction (2 HHs). At least 5 people practise petty trading, while one takes on different jobs on contract. Commerce in Shellen is similar to Wenekai. Like Wenekai, Shellen (Shilling) does not know the number of hectares on which it sits. There is no soil classification. The set up in the village is as follows: A village chief, appointed by the elders heads the village; assisted by the village head of the women wing, the youth wing along with a few elders. There are two community organizations for the male and female the men Koo and the female Koo. One of the functions of these groups is to assist each member do his/her farm work. In terms of social institutions, there are no churches, mosques, clinics or schools. Children walk every school day to Raymond Camp. Similarly, the clinic at Raymond camp serves Shellen s population. Water used is from the river and creek. Erics Town, Wenekai and Shellen are similar in terms of livelihood activities, leadership structure, commerce and trade Gbally Village The settlement is on the right bank of the St. Paul River and has Sumo town to its northeast, approximately 6 km away. To its South-east across the river on the left bank is Benben town. In relation to the reservoir, it is the second most northerly placed settlement from the powerhouse structure close to Raymond camp. Gbally settlement is within Gbavia Clan, St. Paul River District, Montserrado County, and falls under the Township of Arthington. This settlement was established in The community belongs to Gbfei clan and therefore has a Paramount Chief. Gbally is a Gola word meaning Strong man/big man. There are 24 HHs, with a total of 91 persons. The main livelihood activity is gold mining (24), followed by farming (17) and fishing (11). Other economic activities include hunting and trading (small shops). This settlement is known for its mining activity, and this explains why most HHs are engaged in it and the large population here. There is, however, no motor road; one must walk three to four hours to reach Raymond Camp. Children go to schools in Gbandi, normally their parents let them stay with a relative in Gbandi for the week in order to attend school and then over the weekend the children go back to their homes in Gbally. Water for domestic use is from the St. Paul River. In terms of telecommunications there is poor cell phone network. There is a mosque, but no market exists; people have to walk for one and a half hours to get to Gonoghab market. There is no clinic and for primary health Raymond Camp clinic is utilised Sumo Town Sumo Town is the most northerly situated settlement among those that are right at the edge of the reservoir. It is located upstream of the dam site, on the right bank of the river. Sumo is bounded by the river to its east and has Gbally to its south-west. Sumo Town, like Gbally, is within Gbavia Clan, St. Paul River District, Montserrado County, Arthington Township. This settlement was established 1989 and the name Sumo is a Kpelle word meaning come sooner.

34 Resettlement Action Plan Page 10 Sumo Town has only 3 HHs with a total of 11 people. The main economic activities include farming and hunting, which all HHs practise; only one HH is engaged in fishing and most of what is caught is for immediate consumption. No other activity was noted. This settlement is quite remote and has no motor road. Canoes will be used to cross the river to get to Gbally village, if need be. Otherwise most people will walk to the nearest settlements. Social infrastructure is lacking and children normally go to school in Gbandi. There are no churches or mosques. The nearest health facility is at Raymond Camp. There is poor cell phone network here and water for domestic use is from the River and nearby creeks Benben Town Benben Town is located on the left bank of the river, upstream of the dam site. North of Benben across the St. Paul River is Sumo settlement while to the north-west across the same river is Gbally settlement. It is within Mount Coffee Township, in Todee District in Montserrado County. Benben Town is named after its founder, an 80 year old man, Tommy Urey Benben. He recalls that the settlement was relocated in 1962 across the railway track before the first construction of the MC HPP. However on breaching of the dam and to find refuge after the civil war Tommy Urey and his wife Fatou came back to the exact same site, this time with a number of other HHs in This is a mining settlement with 80 HHs and a total of 350 persons. Those engaged in mining are the youth who came from Monrovia and other community members who settled here with the second establishment of the town. The HH heads engaged in mining are 69, farming 49 and coal burning 46, these being the major economic activities. Mining is done in groups and whatever gold is found is shared among the group members. A lot of investment has also been put into rubber tree plantations, while fishing is practised by 4 HHs. Being a mining settlement, small businesses are growing, with 26 HH heads engaged in (retail shops, gasoline, petty trading, etc.). Fishing (4) and hunting are also practised. The community seems more well-off compared to the other settlements and the presence of 3 video halls and motorcycles is an indication of this. The only road leading up to the settlement is a dirt road and its quality can be said to be reasonable. During the wet season, it deteriorates in some stretches. The two bridges leading to the settlement from the main road are risky; both are made of palm trunks lying side by side. There is a water pump whose water is for domestic use, but river water and creek water are also used. There is a mosque but no church in Benben and most of the sick use Nyenh clinic. For serious medical problems, people go to Bensonville Hospital, which is a district hospital that can have sleep-in patients. The mobile network in Benben is almost non-existent; there is only one spot where a weak telephone signal can be received Infrastructure Roads, bridges and paths The project area is served by a dirt road that connects the bigger towns and settlements. The main road is of reasonable quality but it becomes inaccessible for small cars during

35 Resettlement Action Plan Page 11 the rainy season. The dirt road leading up to the dam site is of reasonable quality but will need upgrading so that it is accessible all year round. Bridges that exist in the project area are of two types footbridges that connect settlements to each other and those that serve the motor vehicles. Both types of bridges are not safe. The footbridges are made of palm trunks while those crossing the river have a single trunk, these are both rudimentary. Road bridges are also narrow and cannot support two cars driving past each other; one car has to give way. Footpaths connect settlements and farms and these are slippery during the wet season. To cross the river there are canoes, but only one was functioning during the field work. The quality of canoes is wanting and one avoids using them when the river water is high, people would rather walk the long distances. At least at two locations the access to the farmland will be affected by the reservoir or by the rise of the ground water table and other location could be affected (see Figure 3-1). After impoundment it will be necessary to check whether any other access as those marked in red is affected and the necessary infrastructure will need to be implemented. Figure 3-1: Mount Coffee reservoir area Note: The red stars indicate the areas where the access is affected by the reservoir or by a higher ground water table, the orange stars indicate areas which might be affected (not necessary a complete list of sites).

36 Resettlement Action Plan Page 12 Health and Education Health facilities in the project area are not sufficient. Raymond Camp has a clinic which has only two beds. This centre takes care of primary health care and the beds are for birth deliveries, no overnight stay is available for patients. Complicated cases are referred to Bensonville Hospital, which has more equipment and beds. Nyenh clinic is also available especially for the population of Benben. It is a clinic with more beds and staff. In general the health facilities lack ample staff, have limited resources and they are poorly equipped. The upgrading of Raymond Camp clinic will go a long way in serving the surrounding population. There is a low ratio between the professional health staff and the population. More health facilities are required. The education facilities in the project area cover only primary and junior high school levels. The facilities were damaged a lot during the civil war and are only now just being rehabilitated. The settlements that are likely to be affected do not have schools. The nearest schools covering the settlements closer to the dam site are in Raymond camp and children spend hours walking to attend school. The upstream settlements like Benben, Sumo and Gbally use schools in Gbandi where children have to stay for a week with relatives in order to attend school. There are hardly any qualified teachers in the schools as trained qualified teachers are concentrated in Monrovia. School equipment, textbooks, furniture are not sufficient. Private schools have sprung up but most families cannot afford to send their children to these schools. Water and Sanitation Before the civil war, the Mount Coffee Hydro power dam and the White Plains Water Treatment Plant ensured constant and clean water to Monrovia. The provision of water in the project area is now next to non-existent. Settlements have hand pumps and these are costly to maintain. During the last visit to the settlements during the rainy season, the hand pumps were functioning and water from here is used for cooking and drinking. The population uses water from the river for washing and bathing, while that from the creeks will be used for cooking too. No toilets were observed in the settlements, practically all the population use the bushes. No infrastructure exists for waste disposal; people dispose their rubbish in the bushes. The poor hygiene and sanitation increases the chances of poor health of the population in the project area. There are high incidences of malaria, typhoid, respiratory infections, diarrhoea, malnutrition, etc. among children while adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS exit. The latest national statistics show that 1.8% women and 1.2% men are infected (2007), while the 2009 World Bank data show that 0.7% of those in the age bracket are infected. Markets The existing markets in the project area do not have solid structures. They are open markets with stalls made up of bamboo poles. The biggest market is in Bensonville that serves all the settlements and the big market day is on Saturdays. Churches, mosques and sacred sites No churches are found in the project area, but two mosques exist in the settlements of Gbally and Benben. The populations are still reluctant to say whether they have sacred sites, albeit the Study Team s query of whether these exist. It is obvious that the population have sacred sites

37 Resettlement Action Plan Page 13 which they want kept as secret. Should they divulge these sites at a later stage then the project will have to pay to have the various rituals performed. 3.2 Affected Population Baseline Socio-economic Information on Liberia The population of Liberia is about 4.1 million people, with 48.2% living in the urban area. The level of poverty is quite high; 83.7% of the population live on USD 1.25 per day, according to the World Bank s atlas method for poverty headcount ratio. Many people also live on less than a dollar a day and 57.5% are in severe poverty, while 9.7% of the population are vulnerable to poverty (UNDP HDR, 2011). Poverty has been equated with deprivation of environmental services like clean water, improved sanitation and modern fuels. Deprivation of any of these is evident in both urban and rural areas of Liberia. Some socio-economic indicators are shown in Table 3-2 and additional information is found in Annex 1. In Liberia, 78.9% of the population do not have access to improved sanitation, while 83.9% do not have access to modern fuel. Deprivation of modern fuels is severe in both the urban and rural areas, the urban area where deprivation is concentrated in the slum areas, where majority of the poor live. According to the HDR Liberia s life expectancy at birth was 56.8 years in During the same year, the mean years of schooling was only 3.9, while the expected years at schooling is 11. This discrepancy may be due to the inadequate education facilities and the limited number of trained teachers, especially in the rural areas. Most of the educated also moved to the USA during the civil war and still have not returned to the country after things calmed down. The pupil-teacher ratio (pupils per teacher) in primary education was 24.3 while school teachers trained to teach was 40.2% in Adults aged 25 years and over in 2010, with at least secondary education, shows that females represented 15.7% while males accounted for 39.2% of the population. Malaria is the most contacted illness with people per million who contacted it in Table 3-2 Basic indicators on Liberia Country Indicators Value GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) $210 (2010), $240 (2011) GDP growth (annual %) 10.3% (2010), 8.5% (2011) Population, total (millions) 4.0 (2010), 4.1 (2011) Poverty headcount ratio at $1.25 a day (PPP) (% of population) 83.8% (2007) Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of population) 64% (2007) Number of poor at national poverty line (millions) 2.2 (2007) Source: Most Liberians in both rural and urban areas will use charcoal for cooking. Lighting in Monrovia is provided by both electricity and diesel-run generators. In rural areas lighting is provided by lanterns, traditional lamps and torches, among others. Energy use in the project area is presented in chapter 6.

38 Resettlement Action Plan Page Population in the Study Area The population size in the settlements surveyed has been presented in Table 3-1, showing the settlement names, number of persons and HHs. The population size in the table covers only those in the settlements that have been focus of the detailed survey. So far the household (HH) survey indicates that there are 115 structures with 139 families, implying that more than one family lives in one house. The total population within the settlements is 596 persons made up 320 males and 276 females. A HH is made up of family members and other persons staying and sleeping within the same structure, and eating from the same pot. The studied HHs had an average family size of 4 persons. Benben settlement, for example was the most populated settlement, with an average family size of five persons. Erics Town was the smallest settlement and had the highest family size of about 7 persons in a HH. Shellen s HH size revealed that it had the lowest number of family members, i.e. 4. A majority of the settlements had an average of four persons in a family. When compared with the national HH size of 5 persons (National Census, 2008), the HH size in the Project Impact Zone (PIZ) is below the national average. The house structures are in general the traditional type, with walls made of clay and roofs are either corrugated iron sheets or thatched. Very few houses are permanent. Kitchens are normally apart from the main house and these are rudimentary if a structure is in place. The traditional kitchen is usually three stones arranged to hold a cooking utensil. Palm leaves woven together make up the roof of a typical traditional kitchen. Additional population in the study area includes those who have farmlands in the reservoir area, but not living in the above mentioned settlements, These are all project affected persons (PAPs), whose ages range from 1 to 80 years old. The majority lie within the range of 0-15 years old and gender distribution shows that among children the boys outnumber the girls. As people grow older the women outnumber the men until the age of 45 when men seem to outlive the women. There is also a large percentage of female headed households which make up around 58% of the HHs. The proportion of those referred to as vulnerable stands at 8%, of the total of PAPs in the identified settlements. This vulnerability is defined as all those who are handicapped, elderly (75 years and above), female-headed HHs, and single males with children under the age of 15.The pattern of vulnerability suggests that elder siblings have had to take on the role of being a parent, while single men with children could also suggest that the mother of the children either left or died. The household size varies but follows the general trend in Liberia, with HHs having an average of 5-6 people. However in the study area, the most common HH size is made up of 3-4 people (44%). The HH heads have moved into the area from various counties, but most have been born in Montserrado County, 33% of the men and 38% of the women. PAPs have also come from Bassa and Bong Counties to settle in the project area, mainly due to the fertility of the land and moving away from the camps set up after the civil war. The reasons for moving into the area have therefore been mainly to cultivate land, mine and fish, these being the main economic activities. The education level attained by the people older than 6 years is quite daunting, with most people having an elementary level (43%), followed by non-formal education (26%). The same pattern is reflected in the women who have on average only studied up to elementary level and quite a high proportion has non-formal education (28%). Only

39 Resettlement Action Plan Page 15 males seem to have some tertiary education. The low percentages of high level of education can be attributed to the few education facilities that exist in the project area and the damage of the facilities during the civil war. The land cultivated in the reservoir ranges from less than a hectare to 8 hectares. Those who cultivate tree cash crops like rubber and cash crops like cassava and rice. Vegetables that can be sold at the Red Light Market in Monrovia have also been grown in the reservoir. It is quite clear that the PAPs aspire to get more money by targeting populations in Monrovia, as employment with a decent salary is wanting. PAPs, especially males, will engage in multiple economic activities so as to ensure that the basic needs are met (shelter, food and health). The main economic activities include charcoal making, farming, fishing, rudimentary mining, hunting and manual labour on contracts. Mining seems to be the activity that draws many youth from Monrovia and the payoff is big when gold is found. The price of 1 g of gold is LD when sold in the project area, but a higher price is obtained if sold in Monrovia. Generally, the PAPs may be termed as poor, living on less than USD 1.25 a day. With the high number of vulnerable people, this is not surprising. Low education levels, little employment, deficient social and economic facilities, the MC HPP is seen by them as an opening to improve their lives.

40 Resettlement Action Plan Page 16 4 PROJECT IMPACTS 4.1 Identification of Impacts: The main impact will consist in the creation (or, in this case actually a recreation) of a reservoir, which will submerge an area of land now covered with fields, fallow areas and secondary forest with a maximum age of about 20 years. The river in the current status covers a surface area of about 3.6 km 2 up to the end of the normal pool level at FSL. The total reservoir will have a surface area of 8.1 km 2, so about 4.5 km 2 of the existing forest, where human activity has been taking place in the form of charcoal production and crop plantations, will be submerged in addition to the current state. There is most likely to be an influx of workers and there will be a negative impact in that the local labour force will have to compete with new comers for jobs at the construction site. There is the likelihood of soils at the construction site being contaminated if lubricants and other toxics are not properly stored. Also where land has been cleared, this will be susceptible to erosion with increased human activity. Where PAPs have had their cash crops and trees, the land will be expropriated to make room for temporary construction of shelter need for the machines and other installations. This will also mean that access to forests will be curtailed, which in turn may also affect charcoal production and hunting activities practised by the PAPs. However, with clearance of vegetation in the reservoir, any heavy timber and other wood can be offered to the PAPs for charcoal production or other economic activities where they use wood. The expropriation of land will be the most negative impact, even though the land belongs to the project proponent (LEC). The fact that the land lay idle after the dam was breached encouraged the PAPs to start using it for cultivation. The PAPs saw this as the most fertile land, with rich black cotton soil. Alternative land for the PAPs will have to be found to replace lost land for cultivation. PAPs will also be restricted from fishing in the construction area and near the dam during its operation. A clear demarcation is therefore called for to keep the dam site secure. In addition, there will be restriction of hunting near the dam site. It is paramount to keep the dam site secure. For settlements close to the dam site, like Raymond Camp, noise will increase due to construction and traffic will also increase. There are bound to be traffic accidents, so information dissemination and teaching the local population on traffic safety should be carried out. To respect the population with regard to noise, use of heavy machinery should be carried out during normal working hours and never late at night to disturb the population unnecessarily. There is bound to be more dust during the dry season, this can be curbed by intermittently wetting the roads to minimise dust. The construction site has to be planned in such a way as to avoid resettlement. The construction activities will mostly have a positive impact on the local economy. More businesses are expected to crop up and the local populations are expected to be employed, though on a temporary basis as unskilled workers and doing most of manual tasks like clearing of vegetation and crashing of stones. It is underlined that giving priority to the population in the project area when employing labourers and other

41 Resettlement Action Plan Page 17 unskilled workers should be practised. The best way of ensuring this is to include a clause in the contractor s contract stipulating the priority in employing the PAPs. Another positive impact could be the electrification of the settlements located near the MC HPP like Raymond Camp.With the availability of light, more security might be felt in settlements connected to electricity. The availability of electricity will also encourage the PAPs to embark on other economic activities other than farming. Raymond Camp will benefit from upgrading of the existing health post so that more serious cases can now be dealt with, thereby cutting down travelling costs for the population. Such an improved and upgraded health facility will also make it possible for immediate treatment of accidents that may occur at the construction site. The presence of additional workforce (approximately employees) in the project area will have a number of environmental and social impacts. The increase and influx of workers will add pressure on the existing social infrastructure like the clinic at Raymond camp, therefore this needs to be upgraded and in operation before project implementation. The construction activities will have a negative impact on the air and water quality; noise will also increase due to construction and will last for the duration of construction. Most of the negative impacts are tied to the construction activities and include, among others, the: Risk of air pollution due to increased traffic and machine operations and increased dust in the air; Risk of soil and water contamination due to activities such as maintenance of vehicles and machines; Risk of water contamination from concrete, which would be toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms; Risk of generating various solid wastes and waste water; Increased erosion on land where vegetation has been cleared and also where construction site installation are erected temporarily; Risk of social and health impacts due to influx of a large work force coming from other areas of the country and abroad. Risk of depleting forest resources due to increase of labour force. Mitigation of the above-mentioned risks are dealt with in the table on main impacts and corresponding mitigation measures in the ESIA report. 4.2 Effects on Local Population The preliminary identification of main impacts on population was presented in the ESIA report. The following is a short description verifying what the Consultant found on the ground. The main impacts on the local population include the following: Loss of land: economic displacement: People will lose their farmland and go through economic displacement. This is because some of the population have their fields in the reservoir and other economic activities like mining will also be affected due to the higher ground

42 Resettlement Action Plan Page 18 water table. The loss of land for these people also means loss of their crops and mining pits. An important component that will address this is the compensation for loss of crops and the identification of alternative land for farmers to restart farming activities. In addition, other economic activities can be embarked on and this should be covered in the livelihood augmentation income restoration programme (LAIR). The LAIR activities will be chosen by the affected. For those wishing to continue with agriculture, provision of farming inputs and agriculture extension services should be on offer. Training in better farming methods to secure food and better yields is also envisaged. It appears that all of the PAPs will generally be in the category of economic displacement. Loss of settlements/homes: physical displacement: No settlements will be affected by the reservoir since all settlements are located above 30 m asl, therefore the PAPs will not lose their homes. If a PAP will need to be physically displaced, alternative resettlement sites are called for and the choice of where to move rests with the affected after identification of safe relocation sites. The physical displacement might encompass the following: o Houses submerged Houses that will be entirely submerged due to the retention of water in the reservoir. None of the settlements is located below 30 m asl. Still, there are only a few farm houses/shelters in the reservoir area which will be submerged and need to be compensated for. A farm house consists in general of some wooden piles with palm leaves as roof. o Houses not affected, but no or too little land left Houses might not be affected but the land for farming might be submerged, leaving the HHs with no farmland. o Houses cut off by water Houses might also be cut off by water. None of the settlements have been identified to be cut off by water; it may be the possibility that bridges will have to be provided to reach some of the farms. Loss of fishing ground Fishing is both an economic activity and a source for additional food for the population in the project area. Fishing ground could be lost, especially if the activity is near the dam site. A clear demarcation of where the fishermen and women should not fish will allow the fishing activity that involves most the population near the river, to go on. There has been found that there is an endangered fish species (rock fish) that may be affected and this species is used by the local population. It is stressed that together with the local fishermen and women, the National Bureau of Fisheries work out means and ways of ensuring the preserving this species, and that the river tributary which houses this species is not interfered with during project implementation. Compensation is a must for those who might lose out on fishing as a livelihood. Compensation in the form of e.g. improved fishing gear and boats, training in sustainable fishing and fishponds, introduction of fish farming for women, and

43 Resettlement Action Plan Page 19 continued fishing in the reservoir are some options. A detailed description of the fishing activities and impacts to be felt plus the fishermen and women s wishes is given in the ESIA report. Job opportunities during construction There is a big possibility of job opportunities for the PAPs during the construction phase of the dam. Also before construction begins, the clearing of vegetation when required could offer the PAPs to take on this task. Although this would be temporary employment, it is stressed that where casual labourers and unskilled workforce are to be used, priority is to be given to PAPs or the local population in the project area. This will earn them some cash that they can use to improve their lives as they rebuild their lives at a new site. Economic development of the area Once the dam is completed and functioning, there is the likelihood of economic development in the area. This is mainly due to the fact that with energy that is affordable, new businesses could spring up. Fishing as a major earner for the local population could also be improved by setting up cooling and marketing facilities in collaboration with the National Bureau of Fisheries and the Representative of Fishermen. In addition, the transport infrastructure (roads and river) and social infrastructure (water, health, schools with lighting) will improve, thereby attracting more investments in the area. It is likely that neighbouring countries investors might be attracted to the area where electrification has been done. With electrification, the youth are also likely to stay in the area to start small- and medium-size enterprises. In summary, the positive impacts outweigh the negative impacts on the population. Compensation packages to these settlements would go a long way in improving and starting new economic activities for the PAPs. It is further stressed that the PAPs should choose the alternative economic activities they feel comfortable with.

44 Resettlement Action Plan Page 20 5 CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION 5.1 Public Consultation Plan A public consultation or participation plan is essential if RAP implementation is to succeed. From the ESIA report, it has been stated that the project proponent LEC and the Government of Liberia (GOL) will have the responsibility of working out a public participation plan. This RAP will, however, draw up some guidelines to stress the importance of public consultation and participation. No project has been known to succeed without involving those directly affected by it, namely the PAPs. The GOL has no Resettlement Policy that deals with safeguards; hence the WB s OP 4.12 for involuntary resettlement has been used as this is internationally accepted. The Consultant has carried out some public consultation in the form of HH survey and FGDs with the PAPs. Group meetings with PAPs practising different livelihoods have also been held. The guidelines will include the following: The land acquisition and compensation of the Mount Coffee Hydropower Project will follow Resettlement Policy of WB OP 4.12 for involuntary resettlement. Respect will be shown to the Project Affected Persons (PAPs) who will lose land, albeit owned by LEC, will be reacquired by the project. Consultation and participation of PAPs will be encouraged. PAPs preferences will be prioritised. Host Communities views must be heard and included in the project planning, implementation and monitoring. In the preparation of the fieldwork, emphasis has been laid on both household questionnaire and FGDs; the latter has so far mainly been held with, the PAPs and possible host communities (Raymond Camp). FGDs should also be held with other identified stakeholders who will have a role to play when resettlement starts. There have also been group discussions with only women, as women do not express themselves freely when in the same group as men, female facilitators should be used to mobilise the women as far as possible, as has been the case during the initial FGDs with villagers in Wenekai and Benben. Other focus group discussions have also separated men and youth, and future FGDs should continue to divide men, youth and women into separate groups. The views of the youth are crucial in identifying the livelihood activities or training that will improve their future. Prior to starting on the household surveys, site visits were made to the local leaders (village chiefs) in the project area and they were informed of the upcoming household survey and group discussions in their settlements. Steps to be taken to involve public participation included: Contacting the settlement Chief and informing him of the arrival of the project team to address and hold discussions with the public on the project. This prepares the PAPs.

45 Resettlement Action Plan Page 21 The liaison persons (Consultant s local contacts) of the project on the ground in the project area, together with the chief, invite the villagers to participate on what the project is about. The public participation must take place when majority of PAPs are available, and avoid disturbing PAPs work in the fields is stressed. Discussion on possible location of additional farmland for those who lose farm land and discussion on how to support the people. Due to the missing topographical survey at the beginning of the project the PAPs and their leaders have already been asked where they want to relocate to. Some settlements have chosen to relocate together and other PAPs prefer to relocate as individuals to new sites. The final location site for the PAPs whether in unison or individually should be agreed on. With the new topographical survey it is known that none of the assumed settlements will need to be resettled. If any case of resettlement occurs it will need to be agreed with the PAP on where to settle to Role of Public Participation From the public meetings held so far with regard to the preparation of this RAP, the following can be obtained. Discussions on the type of compensation, to individuals and to the community as a whole. Most PAPs have stated that they are willing to move but insist that they have to be compensated. The Consultant has stressed that land they moved into is LEC land, so compensation when agreed will cover their crop losses. Further, it has been stressed that they need to have skills for other economic activities apart from relying on cash crop production. Agreement therefore will be reached on when to compensate and in what form. Agreement on eligibility requirement, resettlement assistance and activities. Relevant agencies of government like the Commission on Refugees, Repatriation and Resettlement and the Ministry of Public Works that have dealt with resettlement in the past affirm that there are no government policies on resettlement, compensation and land expropriation, except as stipulated in the Constitution. Compensation done so far (with other projects) included only transport fare and compensation for assets as determined by the market value. The WB OP 4.12 has otherwise been used as the basis. Of importance to be addressed at the public participation is the definition of rules for compensation. There are two kinds of compensation, the individual and community compensations. Individual: This will include compensation for house, income generation from land-use during the transition period until normalisation to pre-resettlement conditions is attained, and compensation for assets (crops and trees). Community: This will include infrastructure and social amenities (water, health, education, and place of worship), sacred sites, graves, and most important finding land and finally access to river and forest resources, and all communal assets lost due to relocation. There is also the possibility of compensation extending to the host community, e.g. where social services will now be stretched because both the host community and new arrivals have to use the same services.

46 Resettlement Action Plan Page 22 On implementing the RAP the relocated settlement members and host communities will participate in the relocation process by: Continuing to hold meetings and discussions with appropriate representatives to agree on chosen site for farm land. HH heads participating when crop and tree assessments are being carried out. Settlement members being represented on the Settlement Committee (SC). Once decisions have been reached on the different issues discussed, means of conveying results can be by: Calling a meeting of all settlement members at the Palaver hut and conveying the results; use of posters at public notice boards and at appropriate places in the settlement; and posting notices at the District Commissioner s office board, accessible to the public. At all meetings with the PAPs minutes must be taken so that it is easier to revisit decisions reached or otherwise. The minutes must also be signed (or a mark put by those who can t write) by the settlement chief, project representative and SC member. Use of media, mainly radio announcements and normal communication channels as done at present (Chief calls a palaver meeting), and use of newspapers. Whatever means to reach the PAPs must be used, as the identified settlements are on both sides of the St. Paul River requiring some time to reach them. Discussions will be held at least once a month at the settlement level on issues that settlement members bring up. The SC members in each settlement could gather the concerns and pass these on to the settlement Chief, who in turn will pass the concerns to the Town Chief in order to reach the project representative. If the project establishes an office near the settlements, this will make it easier to contact the project (Liaison Officer on the ground) Further Consultations It is proposed that to ease public consultations, a Liaison Officer (LO) post be created in the office set up closer to the PAPs and also be the link with the LO at the PIU. The LO would be responsible for promoting effective dialogue, project progress and creating understanding between the project and the PAPs. The LO would do this through monthly meetings with SC chairmen and settlement leaders to convey project plans and get feedback from the community so that their inputs could be integrated into the overall project planning. In addition, the project will continue to carry out extensive public consultation by keeping the public up to date on the following issues: resettlement (compensation and allocation of additional farm land), environmental monitoring and follow-up and social data. Continuous consultations will be kept with randomly selected households in settlements outside the project area, key informants and stakeholders to update socioeconomic data. Further public meetings will be held in both the settlements housing the project and those nearby in order to describe project progress to local residents, NGOs, government and other interested parties with the intention that all are participants in the project planning. About six months later another public meeting should be held to give an update on project plans and to get feedback from the stakeholders. This exercise should

47 Resettlement Action Plan Page 23 be habitual to constantly monitor RAP s effectiveness with regard to livelihoods, compensation and the development activities and finally take corrective actions. 5.2 Consultation Process Consultations were carried out at various periods of the project preparation, during the preparation of the ESIA and during the preparation of this RAP. The whole process has been ongoing and has included meetings, FGDs and HH surveys and targeted interviews, especially in Benben and Wenekai settlements. The consultations have been with both individuals and groups in the form of meetings and focus group discussions with the affected people, their representatives and leaders at the settlements. The consultations were to solicit and exchange information on matters concerning MC HPP and its effect on the affected population. The consultations were also used to gather socio-economic information of villagers in the project area; villagers opinions on MC HPP in terms of its advantages and disadvantages were also sought. The latter information was used to pinpoint the project impacts and identify social mitigation measures. Other consultations were made specifically with all those who had economic activities in the reservoir that would be affected. This was with the aim of finding out what crops (cash or trees) they had in the reservoir, how many had fishing as an activity and what alternative economic activity they would go for once they lost the present land they use, even though it does not belong to them. See Annex 2.11 and 3.4 for participants consulted who have agriculture and fishing activities. Also populations in the settlements that would likely be affected were questioned on what other alternative economic activities they would like to engage in, in order to continue securing a better life for their families. These consultations have resulted in the affected persons being consulted and participating actively in the project and in the development of the RAP Consultations during the Preparation of RAP These consultations have hinged on the socio-economic surveys (See Annex 3), the farmland surveys and FGD with PAPs (See Annex 2). General socio-economic activities were recorded and a detailed census and socio-economic survey was done. Also FGD involving all villagers were held. The following information was solicited and discussed. Presence of social and economic infrastructure, Issues related to resettlement and selection of new sites, Identification of livelihood activities the PAPs wanted to carry out at the relocation sites, Benefits and disadvantages of the MCHPP, Issues related to compensation and current social network in villages. A sample of the questionnaire used is found in Annex 3.1 and 3.2

48 Resettlement Action Plan Page 24 Table 5-1: Mount Coffee HPP Consultations Matrix Date Location of Meeting Settlement Consultation with PAPs (on start and impacts) Number of Participants Raymond Camp 69 Women (24) Men (45) Gbandi 69 Women (29) Men (40) Matters discussed, questions and answers Introduction of Consultant Team Explanation of what Consultant is doing Introduction of Project and area it covers; project status Project impacts areas direct and indirect affected areas. Timeframe for rehabilitation of MC HPP Question & answer session Introduction of Consultant Team Explanation of what Consultant is doing Introduction of Project and area it covers; project status Project impacts areas direct and indirect affected areas. Timeframe for rehabilitation of MC HPP Question & answer session Consultations with the Settlements identified at the beginning as likely to be affected (HH Surveys) to 30 Shellen 14 HH survey based on questionnaire to 20 Erik 4 HH survey based on questionnaire to 23 Wenekai 14 HH survey based on questionnaire to 28 Gbally 24 HH survey based on questionnaire Sumo 3 HH survey based on questionnaire to Benben 80 HH survey based on questionnaire Consultation with Fishermen and Farmers in the Project Area (First and Second Farmland Survey) to to to Varney Town, Mullsbury /Gate, Geeto Town, Joseph Rick Town, Raymond Camp, White Plains, Fofee Town, Banee Town, Zanna Town Raymond Camp, Buzzel Quarter, Voinjama, Wenekai, Shellen, Eric, Zakama, Borbor Town, Varney Town, Weaduo, James M. Town, Sarah Town, Gbally Village, Benben Town, Gbandi, Markai, Sumo Village Raymond Camp, Buzzel Quarter, Voinjama, Wenekai, Shellen, Eric, 556 Introduction of Consultant Team Explanation of what Consultant is doing Introduction of Project and effects on fish Interview on fishing practices: gear, seasonality, amount, post harvest Question and answer sessions. 221 First farmland survey: Farmers in the larger project area have been informed about the project and that their farms could be affected. Plantations have been measured and crops documented. Furthermore, they have been informed that due to a missing topographical survey at that time it is not possible to identify those farms which are actually submerged. 225 Second farmland survey: after receiving the data of the topographical survey and additional farmland survey was carried out.

49 Resettlement Action Plan Page 25 Date Location of Meeting Settlement Zakama, Borbor Town, Varney Town, Weaduo, James M. Town, Sarah Town, Gbally Village, Benben Town, Gbandi, Markai, Sumo Village Number of Participants Matters discussed, questions and answers The farmers have been informed whether their plantations are within the reservoir and affected or if they are outside the reservoir and not affected. Consultations with Affected People on Livelihood and Expectations (Detailed Surveys) and and Shellen Men (10) Women (7) Wenekai and Erik Men (11) Women (6) Women (4) Men & youth (7) Gbally Women (2) Men (10) What the group knows about MC HPP What the main sources of income are Do you see being relocated when the project starts? If asked to move what could be your reaction? What other alternative livelihood would you like to do in your new area of relocation? What are your expectations of the project and how could they be met? What the group knows about MC HPP What the main sources of income are Do you see being relocated when the project starts? If asked to move what could be your reaction? What other alternative livelihood would you like to do in your new area of relocation? What are your expectations of the project and how could they be met? What the group knows about MC HPP What the main sources of income are Do you see being relocated when the project starts? If asked to move what could be your reaction? What other alternative livelihood would you like to do in your new area of relocation? What are your expectations of the project and how could they be met? Sumo Men (3) What the group knows about MC HPP What the main sources of income are Do you see being relocated when the project starts? If asked to move what could be your reaction? What other alternative livelihood would you like to do in your new area of relocation? What are your expectations of the project and how could they be met? Benben Youth (28) Women (26) Men (14) What the group knows about MC HPP What the main sources of income are Do you see being relocated when the project starts? If asked to move what could be your reaction? What other alternative livelihood would you like to do in your new area of relocation? What are your expectations of the project and how could they be met?

50 Resettlement Action Plan Page 26 Date Location of Meeting Settlement Number of Participants Consultations with Local Administration and leaders (chiefs, etc.) and with donors Benben Founder Tom Urey and wife (2) Raymond Camp Town Chief & Council of Elders Wenekai Town Chief & Council of Elders Shellen Town Chief & Council of Elders Gbally Town Chief & Elders Sumo Town Chief & Founder Consultation with PAPs (on the results of the ESIA and the RAP) Matters discussed, questions and answers History of MC HPP, what they know. History of Benben settlement before earlier relocation and where settlement relocated to. Why the settlement came back to old site and general information on population and economic activities. Explanation of the ongoing study and possibility of the settlement relocating again. Donors wanted to know history of settlement and what the economic activities were and looked at mining pits. History of settlement, population size, economic activities, social infrastructure and network Concerns about relocation History of settlement, population size, economic activities, social infrastructure and network Concerns about relocation History of settlement, population size, economic activities, social infrastructure and network Concerns about relocation History of settlement, population size, economic activities, social infrastructure and network Concerns about relocation History of settlement, population size, economic activities, social infrastructure and network Concerns about relocation Raymond Camp A power point presentation was conducted describing the project, the main impacts on the local population as well as the mitigation measures. A demonstration with a model was performed to visualise, that settlements which are located higher than the dam crone can not be affected by the project when the water rises, since the water will spill over the dam. Subsequent to the presentation a discussion took place were the population was able to raise the main concerns and expectations (See Annex 2.13). Source: Study Team

51 Resettlement Action Plan Page Individual Consultations During the preparation of this RAP, individual consultations were held with all affected HH heads (139). A HH questionnaire was used by the field team in order to solicit information on the family composition, the socio-economic situation of the family, identify assets that would be lost, identification of vulnerable people, counting of trees and size estimation of agricultural lands, etc. The HH questionnaire that was used is provided in Annex 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3. In addition, a socio-economic survey was carried out in the project affected area, covering 139 HHs. Furthermore, two individual consultations with all farmers were held, covering the entire reservoir area and its surroundings. During the first farmland survey no reliable information was available on the real extent and limits of the reservoir. After receiving the necessary information a second survey was carried out to inform the farmers if their plantations will be affected by the project or not Community Consultations Community consultations were held through FGDs at all settlements which had been identified as likely to be affected before the detailed topographical survey has been carried out. The FGDs were divided into men, women and youths. For this RAP two settlements, Wenekai and Erik were put together. The women were consulted as they continued with their work in the fields, as it was land preparation and sowing season. The FGDs carried out so far had the following men and women participants: (i) Shellen (Women: 7 and Men: 10); (ii) Wenekai and Erik (Women: 10 and Men/Youth: 18), (iii) Gbally (Women: 2 and Men: 10), (iv) Sumo (Men: 3), (v) Benben (Women: 26, Men: 12 and Youth: 28). For the men, the consultations also combined the males from the settlements of Wenekai, Shellen and Erik settlements when focusing on alternative livelihoods. The males FGD was carried out on 9 th July, 2012 and an additional FGD was done on 14 th July, Consultations were also held with all communities that had people who carried out a livelihood in the reservoir area since the access to their livelihood activity will be changed because they are cultivating land that does not belong to them but to LEC. These communities are in the townships of Harrisburg and Arthington. The consultations also dwelt on where the communities wished to be relocated to if they were to relocate. The consultations were carried out from 14 th July to 16 th July, A report on the results of the consultations and the number of participants is attached in Annex The following Table 5-2 shows the settlements that participated in the consultations on the various dates, in disaggregated terms the number of participants and the topics discussed.

52 Resettlement Action Plan Page 28 Table 5-2: Settlements and number of participants at consultations on livelihoods, July 2012 Settlement Name Township Number of Participants Males Females Date Topics Discussed Raymond Camp Harrisburg July Knowledge of MC HPP (brief history) Shellen Village Harrisburg July Major livelihood activities Erics Town Harrisburg July and alternatives Concerns and Weaduo Harrisburg July expectations for resettlement Wenekai Harrisburg July Alternative sites for resettlement if Buzzy Quarter Harrisburg July community has to move. Voinjama Harrisburg July Borbor Town Varney Town Harrisburg Harrisburg July 15 July Knowledge of MC HPP (brief history) Major livelihood activities and alternatives James A. Harrisburg July Concerns and Mulbah Town expectations for resettlement 1 st Ward Harrisburg July Alternative sites for Community resettlement if community has to move. Zakama Gbally Village Arthington Arthington July 16 July Knowledge of MC HPP (brief history) Major livelihood activities Sarah Town Arthington July and alternatives Concerns and Gbandi Arthington July expectations for resettlement Markai Arthington July Alternative sites for resettlement if community has to move. Total Source: Study Team Special consultations should be held with the communities affected by the influx of workforce. The discussions should revolve around the relationship between the workforce and community (Raymond Camp and Zakama); the availability of social and economic infrastructure, It is imperative that host communities are consulted before workforce arrive, this is in order to gauge whether the social infrastructure will not be strained, due to increment of population.

53 Resettlement Action Plan Page Consultation with Local Administration and Leaders (Chiefs) Local leaders were consulted initially before actual collecting of information in the settlements. Information on the number of HHs and population, the socio-economic situation of the settlements, presence of social infrastructure, history of the settlement, among others, was sought. The consultations included having a talk with the chiefs and settlement founders on a one to one basis. A summary of the report is in Annex Continuation of Public Consultations For the effective implementation of resettlement, consultations with PAPs must continue during the entire project stages. Emphasis must be laid on planning and implementing livelihood income restoration strategies, stressing on activities chosen by PAPs. Consultations must also continue on compensation packages PAPs need to have the possibility to engage a Legal Counsel at no costs for them. The organisation of public consultation will be left to the PIU. It is recommended that the on the ground Liaison Officer (LO) take on this role, as he or she will eventually have an established rapport with the PAPs. The continued consultations should be organised when the RAP report is approved and subsequent to the final public participation related to the RAP Report. Issues that could be discussed and agreed upon during the continued consultations could include: Update on project progress, especially land allocation and what it will entail. Compensation and its contents, additional information on when compensation is to be paid, etc. should be displayed on notice boards at the project office, District Commissioner s or Chief s residence, and conveyed in the different media. All reports, including monitoring and evaluation reports of the project should be made available in local language at the project offices on the ground. Inclusion of vulnerable groups and making sure they understand the project and their needs are catered for. Continued consultation to encourage PAPs and their leaders to participate in the project and offer their views on any issues affecting the project.

54 Resettlement Action Plan Page 30 6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY 6.1 Scope and Approach Socio-economic information on specific communities and ethnic populations are basic inputs to devise and implement developmental interventions. Such are necessary as a guide to planning and carrying out development. Similarly, these are requisite benchmarks for monitoring and impact evaluation. Establishing the socio-economic profile for affected communities covered by the Mount Coffee Hydro Power Plant is very timely. These will be very important inputs to the preparation of integrated development plan for the Mount Coffee communities. These community profiles will also provide the development agencies/institutions, government and non-government organisations identify development strategies and programmes appropriate for considering the communities present conditions. The socio-economic survey was carried out in three stages as follows: 1. Six settlements were identified which are in close proximity to the reservoir. A detailed socio-economic survey, covering a total number of 139 HHs, was carried out in these villages. The results of this HH survey are used for providing a detailed overview of the baseline socio-economic conditions. This is described in detail in Section During the field work it became quickly clear that a number of inhabitants of villages which are located further away from the reservoir (villages which therefore will not be affected in any way directly by reservoir filling) cultivate land in the reservoir area. For this reason, a farmland survey was carried out, covering the entire reservoir area and its surroundings. Since at that time no reliable information was available on the real extent and limits of the reservoir, in order to be on the safe side this survey covered an area which was larger as the reservoir itself was expected to be. This survey covered a total of 290 plantations/fields with a total area of ha, cultivated by a total of 221 farmers. The survey was carried out in mid The results are provided in Section In March 2013 a map indicating the actual limits of the future reservoir as well as the extent of a flooding in case of a 1 in a 100 years flood event became available. At that time, in April and May 2013, a second farmland survey was carried out, covering all the farmland actually located inside the future reservoir. This revealed that the reservoir will affect a total of only about ha of farmland, cultivated by 69 farmers (HHs). This is the basis for compensation to be made by the Project. The results are provided in Section Baseline Socio-economic Conditions in the Project Area Settlements Covered in Survey The settlements covered in the survey are shown in Table 6-1. They are situated upstream of the dam site on both sides (left and right banks) of the St. Paul River. The location of the settlements is shown in the aerial map in Chapter 2, Figure 2-1.

55 Resettlement Action Plan Page The Survey Approach The fact that these villages were included in the socio-economic survey was due not in the least to information received from their inhabitants, which indicated that these sites had been submerged at the filling of the original reservoir, and that the villages were relocated at that occasion. However, the fact that a village was moved in the 1960ies does not necessarily mean that it was actually submerged. Finally a topographical survey was carried out by Stanley Consultant Inc., and the maps resulting from this survey clearly show that the settlements in question are not located within the reservoir area. The survey method was used in the study. The reason for selecting this method is that the study was a fact-finding research that required adequate and accurate interpretation of the findings. Attempts were made to describe what was in these affected communities. The study tried to describe with emphasis what actually exists such as current situations/conditions, practices, etc. For every settlement and household, the socio-economic status was studied with regard to specific activities that would require resettlement or compensation. The following issues with regard to settlements and households were addressed: Population, number of persons; Housing infrastructure; Land use and agriculture Household assets, economic activities and incomes: Gender issues (heads of HHs, especially female-headed) and vulnerable groups. The results of the socio-economic survey form the basis on which compensation and entitlement strategies are prepared in this RAP. The study was conducted in the six settlements. The respondents were the households of these communities who have settled near the Mount Coffee Hydro Power Plant reservoir from 1990 to current. Total enumeration of the 139 households was classified in the area around the reservoir. The unit of analysis was the 139 households. The households aggregate descriptions as a unit of analysis were used to provide a descriptive socio-economic picture of the Project Impact Zone (PIZ). The variables under study were demographic, socio-economic, gender issues, etc. Findings of the survey form the basis on which compensation and entitlement strategies are prepared in the RAP The Questionnaires The use of an interview-schedule, questionnaire was employed (through enumerators who spoke the dialect) in the collection of data. Interview-schedule was used because it gathers data faster than any other method. Besides, most respondents were not very literate and therefore could not read the questionnaire to answer appropriately. The

56 Resettlement Action Plan Page Fieldwork participatory approach was adopted in the study; community members especially people with some basic skills were tapped and trained to do the data gathering. After reading and studying samples of questionnaires related studies, the local consultant prepared a questionnaire. He also consulted some knowledgeable people about how to prepare one. The consultant saw to it that there were enough items to collect data to cover all aspects of the problem and to answer all specific questions necessary for the study. Then he submitted the questionnaire to his advisers for correction after which it was finalised. A HH questionnaire was designed and used to survey the settlements in order to get some socio-economic information. Focus group discussions (FGD), based on prepared questions were also held with each settlement, dividing participants into youth, women and men groups. Where villages had a small population, the FGDs were held together, e.g. Erik, Wenekai and Shellen. The FGDs were then turned into consultative meetings. Detailed profiles of the settlements were conducted with the aim of gathering information for this RAP. The methodology used included the use of FGD (Public Consultation) and the HH questionnaire, shown in Annex 3. Asset recording was also carried out in all settlements by counting tree crops and also assessing the situation by visual observation. The size of land used for cultivation was also estimated. The data collection was started on 14 th April through to 7 th May, Public consultations in the form of FGDs were carried out in the same settlements during the months of May and July. The local Consultant together with the local study team members carried out the HH surveys, and the FGDs were similarly conducted by the Local Consultants and the participation of an international Consultant. The FGDs focused on soliciting information from the PAPs about their opinions on the MC HPP and its affect; in addition identification of alternative livelihood activities was also central. FGDs also concentrated on all PAPs whose economic activities were carried out in the reservoir, even though they were not losing their abodes, i.e. PAPs from other settlements but practising fishing, agriculture, charcoal making, etc. in the reservoir area. The detailed HH surveys carried out in April and May 2012 had the following objectives: To obtain feedback from the population about the Project; To establish a social profile of the population; To identify the settlements, households and individuals; To identify and assess the value of assets of the affected population, including the crops and trees; To identify vulnerable individuals or groups; To record the baseline situation of all people; To record all assets and impacts within project area.

57 Resettlement Action Plan Page 33 Table 6-1: Settlements surveyed, dates and name of interviewer District Township Settlement Name HH Survey Date Interviewer Careysburg Harrisburg Shellen Town April 14 th to 30 th, 2012 Frank D Goodlin Sam Garwoloquoi Eriks Town April 19 th and 20 th, 2012 Frank D Goodlin Sam Garwoloquoi Wenekai April 19 th to 23 rd, 2012 Frank D Goodlin Sam Garwoloquoi St. Paul River Arthington Gbally April 21 th to 28 th, 2012 Frank D Goodlin Sumo April 28, 2012 Frank D Goodlin Todee Mount Coffee Benben Town April 23 rd to May 7 th, 2012 Sam Garwoloquoi Source: Study Team Data Analysis The completed HH questionnaires were received by the Consultant and data on these questionnaires were entered into an excel sheet and later sorted out so that each settlement s data covering a specific item could be compared across the board. All data was then analysed Main Results Settlements A total of six settlements were surveyed in the Project Impact Zone (PIZ) and they are found within three districts, three townships of Montserrado County. The settlements Shellen, Eric and Wenekai are located in Careysburg District, Harrisburg Township while Gbally and Sumo are within St. Paul District, Arthington Township; and Benben is in Todee District, Mount Coffee Township. The Table below sums up the settlement size in terms of HHs and population. Table 6-2: Settlements surveyed and size District Township Settlement Name No. of HH Persons Careysburg Harrisburg Shellen Town Eriks Town 4 27 Wenekai St. Paul River Arthington Gbally Sumo 3 11 Todee Mount Coffee Benben Town Total Source: Study Team

58 Resettlement Action Plan Page 34 When asked about the distance of the settlements from the dam site (damaged dam souse), none of communities in the focus group discussion (FGD) were certain about it. However, using Raymond Camp as the reference point, it is about five walking hours to Benben, while Sumo and Gbally are three hours walk, respectively. On the other hand, Eric is one hour s walk whereas Wenekai is 35 minutes' walk and Shellen is the closest to Raymond Camp and it takes at most 30 minutes, as far the communities informants could remember Household and Household Structure The study took into consideration total enumeration of the total population of the surveyed settlements. The entire population from April through May 2012 was 139 households consisting of 596 persons (320 males and 276 females) residing in 115 houses/huts; with an average household size of about four people. The implication here is that more than a single family resided in a hut/house. Household for this study means the family members and other persons staying, sleeping and eating with the family under one roof. Table 6-3: Size of HHs by gender Settlement Name No. HH No. Person Average HH size Female Male Ratio F/M Shellen Town Erics Town Wenekai Sumo Village Gbally Village Benben Town Total Benben settlement had the highest number of households (80) with 350 persons out of the total 596 persons residing in the six settlements. Sumo settlement was lowest in terms of number of houses (3) and number of persons (11). In terms of average household size, Wenekai settlement had the largest with seven persons. On the other hand, Benben settlement disclosed a slightly higher ratio of male (172/178). Of the total of 139 households that were surveyed, 28 or 4.7% of the respondents were female. The majority (95.3%) of the respondents were male since in most Liberian families, households leadership is given to men whether husband or eldest sons. It is only given when males are not around that women perform their roles. In the settlements surveyed, the biggest size of HHs is made up of 5-6 persons or a percentage of 29.5% as depicted in the Figure below. This is also the trend in Liberia, but highest proportion of HHs surveyed has fewer family members (43%). This could be explained by the high incident of female-headed HHs and the youth from Monrovia who are mostly in Benben settlement mining. The youth may have decided to live under one roof even though they are not related, as their sole purpose of having moved to Benben settlement was to earn and income and send it back to their families in Monrovia.

59 Resettlement Action Plan Page 35 Households with 1-2 members make up 15% of the total number of HHs surveyed, while there was only one HH with one person. The small HHs could be made up of young couples who have just started a home or even a single mother or father and a child. The category of single male with children that falls within the vulnerable group was found to be rather atypical seen in the African context; and 11 HHs were identified among the 139 HHs. Figure 6-1 shows the distribution of household size according to number of family members. Figure 6-1: Distribution of HH size With regard to the male population in the surveyed settlements, close to half (49.1%) of the male population in these settlements were in age distribution of 0 to 15 years. While males from 16 to 30 years accounted for 26.3 or 181 out of 596 of the total population. It can be inferred that the combination of both (455 out of 596 persons) age groups distribution constitute the economic productive age group of the age pyramid. The age group 61 to 75 years disclosed four persons or 1.3%. There are by far more males among the surveyed HHs. Female distribution is highest for the age group accounting for 97 persons compared to 84 males. There is a marginal difference in proportion for females aged between years old compared to males in the same age group, 15.3 and 15.2%, respectively.

60 Resettlement Action Plan Page 36 Age Distribution Female Male >75 Figure 6-2: Age distribution by gender (in %) Three hundred and seven out of 596 persons had marital status. Also, the research disclosed that there were 119 (46 females and 73 males) community members were of martial ages but were single; while 178 (95 females and 83 males) were married or cohabiting. There were nine divorcers; with only one widower. The rest of the people in these settlements were 289 children. Table 6-4: HH structure by age and gender Age Distribution Number Percentage Female Male Female Male > The marital status of HH members was also analysed and the study showed that of the total number of adult population (307) 64.2% of women were married compared to 52.2% men. There are more married women in the studied settlements. There were still at least 38.8% of the total population of marriage age who were still single while the divorced only made up 2.9%, but with the women again being more than the men; 6 women and 3 men. A very small number of widows and widowers were found, and each gender represented by one person. The Table below depicts the findings.

61 Resettlement Action Plan Page 37 Table 6-5: Marital status of HH members in project area settlements Marital status of HH members in affected settlements Number Percentage Total Female Male Total Female Male Single Married Divorced Widow/widowers Total Vulnerable Groups Questions were asked about vulnerable groups in the HHs and this meant female-headed HHs, HHs headed by single males with children, HHs headed by widows/widowers, disabled people, the elderly who are aged from 65 years and above. In general the neediest segments of the population were also identified. Results show that when moving to new locations the most vulnerable of the population suffer. These can be female heads of HHs, widows, disabled people, the sick, etc. The vulnerable group for this RAP were divided into the following categories: Female-headed HHs Single men with children HHs Handicapped Elderly Female-headed HHs who are also elderly The survey results on vulnerability revealed female household heads to be highest with 58.3% (28 persons) of the 48 persons identified to be vulnerable. Also there were three out 48 persons classified as elderly and at the same time are heads of households. Next to this group were 11 persons or 22.9%, making up the category of single males with children. There were five elderly whose ages range from 65 years and above. There was one handicapped with vision impairment. It can be ascertained that in all, 48 persons have been identified as vulnerable that fall into the above categories; with a new element found of single males with children (children are here understood as those up to the age of 15). These 48 also represented 48 HHs. Table 6-6: Vulnerable group and number of persons Vulnerable HH Number Percentage Handicapped Elderly Elderly and female headed HH Female headed HH Single male with children Total

62 Resettlement Action Plan Page 38 In Figure 6-3 the distribution of vulnerable groups among the HH heads in the surveyed six settlements is depicted. Vulnerable HH 2% 23% 11% 6% Handicapped Elderly Elderly and female headed HH Female headed HH Single male with children 58% Figure 6-3: Distribution of vulnerable HHs Housing When looking at vulnerability in the total of 139 HHs surveyed HHs, 34.5% of the HHs were found to be vulnerable as defined in the above categories. Female headed households made up 22.3% of the 139 HHs (including elderly female HH heads), while single male headed HHs made up 8%. Only 3.6% of the HHs comprised of the elderly that also included HH heads, while 1% represented a disabled. In Liberia a permanent house has a concrete/cement foundation while a semi-permanent one has a foundation made of mud. House types were recorded during the survey and HH heads asked to specify the number of rooms they had in the house. These were measured and the quality of the house was noted. 45% of the houses are in good condition, 7% are partially damaged, 43% are seen as good, temporary structures and 1% as poor structures. Results revealed that 96 HH heads own their houses while 42 HH heads live in rented houses with their families.

63 Resettlement Action Plan Page 39 Table 6-7: Number of HH heads as tenants or owners Settlement Name House Owner House Tenant Total Shellen Town Erics Town Wenekai Sumo Village Gbally Village Benben Town Total The different types of material used for the houses windows, floors and walls were also noted. In the surveyed settlements, 88% of the HHs have mud floors or the floor foundation is made of clay and 9% have concrete floors. The materials for windows consist of plank, zinc and bamboo. Some HH heads houses have used two types of material for their windows and they replace the material when they have money to spare. The study revealed that 81% of the windows are made of planks and 3% were made from zinc, while 23% are made from bamboo. The survey revealed that of the total HHs 96% HH heads reported that their house walls are were made of mud and sticks, 1%, considered to be affluent reported that his house is made of bricks and stones, while 1% had plaited palm fronds (thatch) acting as walls. There are only two types of materials used for roofs, either thatch or metal sheets/zinc. A majority of the houses have thatched roofs, indicating that HHs are poor and are inclined to use materials close at hand. It can be concluded that in the new resettlement sites the affected HHs will have better quality houses and these will be built with mainly more durable material. The following Table shows the materials used for the different parts of a house in relation to the number of households. Sometimes a mixture of the below shown materials are used for e.g. some windows are made out of zinc and others on the same house are made out of bamboo.

64 Resettlement Action Plan Page 40 Table 6-8: Material used for house construction per No. of HH Materials Floor Roof Wall Window Mud 123 Concrete 13 1 Wood 1 Thatch 90 2 Metal sheets/ zinc 50 Mud and sticks 135 Bamboo 1 32 Plank 113 Zinc 4 Not Commented Total The study results showed that on average there are 2 living rooms per HH and if one considers that every HH consists of 3-4 family members then there is likely to be enough rooms for the family members, unless there is one HH with more than one family. The number of living rooms and bedrooms is the same, as the concept in majority of HHs in the interior of Liberia is different from the western concept. In the interior (rural, away from large towns) where the number of people and the number of families under one roof, rooms are not specifically just termed as bedrooms and living room, there is no differentiation between the two. Table 6-9: Number of living rooms and bedrooms per HH Number of rooms Number of HHs Percentage Not commented Total Kitchens were also noted, 40% of the HHs have kitchens inside the house, 32% have kitchens outside the house and 28% of the HHs do not have a kitchen and are sharing with others; or the kitchen could also be represented by 3 stones that can balance a cooking pot. The quality of the outside kitchens is provisional, with plaited palm fronds (thatch) used as material for roofs. There are no walls for the outside kitchens, again plaited palm fronds are used to give some shelter from rain or sunshine.

65 Resettlement Action Plan Page Employment and Other Income Generating Activities Mining Formal employment among the PAPs of the surveyed settlements is negligible; most are self-employed, depending largely on natural resources to meet their household and economic needs. The activities include mining of gold, charcoal production, fishing, subsistence farming, and rubber taping. During the HH survey nobody claimed to have been formally employed. The results of the survey reveal that farming (97 persons) and mining (83) are the most carried out economic activities that contribute to income generation. People tend to carry out not just one activity, but two or three to make ends meet. Charcoal production (73) and business (39) are also well engaged in, taking third and fourth place, respectively among the PAPs surveyed. Other activities include cutting sticks in the forest, cutting palm leaves for either roofing of houses and making other items like mats, walls, etc. Hunting is also carried out, but is not widespread among the settlements surveyed and it is not clear how much of it generates income. Wenekai settlement is famous for its charcoal production and has many clients coming all the way from Monrovia to buy charcoal from here. Cassava cultivation also brings in ample income to this small settlement. In general, a HH will engage in more than one economic activity to make ends meet. Table 6-10 shows the number of people practising the various economic activities; this table has combined all the six settlements surveyed. Table 6-10: Economic activities practised by HHs in six settlements Economic Activity Number Farming 97 Charcoal production 73 Garden 8 Cutting sticks 4 Cutting palm 4 Fishing 26 Hunting 14 Mining 83 Business 39 Contract 4 Mining plays an important part in two settlements, Gbally and Benben. These two settlements account for 100% of PAPs carrying out what could be illicit mining of gold. Mining is normally done in groups of men and whatever gold is retrieved belongs to the group. Once sold the earnings are shared among group members. In Benben settlement most of the miners are also young men who came from Monrovia to primarily mine here. Close to 90-95% of the youth indicate that mining is their main livelihood while 5-10% of the youth practise small scale farming and fishing.

66 Resettlement Action Plan Page 42 The HH heads interviewed during the HH survey for Benben and Gbally settlements showed a different picture. For Benben, mining takes precedence with 49 HH heads as miners. Second economic activity is farming (49 HH heads) followed by charcoal production (46 persons). HH heads who are businessmen take fourth position (26 persons), while those who do gardening (4) and fish (4) are few. Only 2 people were noted as hunters. It is worth noting that most HH heads have multiple activities that help them generate income. For Gbally respondents of the HH survey, 24 persons are miners while 17 are farmers. Fishing is done by 11 persons and 4 are hunters and another 4 are businessmen Activities carried out to generate income Figure 6-4: Distribution of activities by HHs to generate income Household Income and Expenditure Close to 100 respondents HH heads said their main source of income was farming; but a majority (59%) indicated that they were conducting mining as another source of income. This batch of respondents could be associated with Gbally and Benben where mining of gold is taking place. Sixty-four households said they were also engaged in charcoal production. Forty respondents pointed out they are doing business. Business or petty traders were just distributors of thing/items already manufactured or imported goods. Studies have shown that such trading does not or contributes little to the national economy. Twenty-eight to 30 households said they were also engaged in river fishing. However, they admitted they seldom sold their catch since fish caught was just enough for their families meals. Results of the survey show that the main part of HH expenditure is on food. HHs in Sumo, the smallest settlement, on average spend LD 3'833 per month compared to Eric which depends wholly on farming and HHs there spend on average LD 5'975. This

67 Resettlement Action Plan Page 43 discrepancy could also be explained by the fact that HHs in Eric have more family members than those in Sumo settlement. Wenekai settlement which also predominantly is an agricultural settlement spends on average LD on food. Benben which is a mining settlement has by far the highest average expenditure on food, at LD 6 300, the HHs here also have the highest expense on farming tools compared to all the other five settlements surveyed. The second highest expenditure is on transport for all the 139 HHs. Benben and Sumo HHs have the highest averages per HH, approximately LD and 2 583, respectively. Health expenses take the third place when it comes to HH expenditure, with HHs in Shellen spending an average of circa LD Much is not invested on energy. Benben tops the settlements in energy expenses. The settlement has 3 video clubs/halls and also it is a mining settlement with more affluent HHs owning motorcycles, cell phones, and generators, among other assets. Expenditure on house repairs is very low in all settlements and this was noted in the quality of housing. Even expenditure on social events surpasses house repairs expenditure, while average expenses on clothing and household assets is more or less even, albeit at a low level. Very little is spent on education and this is in agreement with the findings on the low level of education found in the settlements. A depiction on the average monthly HH expenditures for all HHs in the settlements is shown in the following Figures. LDS Average monthly expenditures per household by location Shellen Town Eric Village Wenekai Sumo Village Gbally Village Benben Town Figure 6-5: Distribution of average monthly expenditures per HH

68 Resettlement Action Plan Page 44 % Aerage monthly expenditures of HHs by spending category Shellen Village Eric Village Winekai Sumo Village Gbally Village Benben Town Figure 6-6: Distribution of average monthly expenditures of HHs The following Table 6-11 shows the average expenditure in LD per HH, person on items for all the six surveyed settlements. It still holds true that Benben has more money to spend per HH even if this is the most densely populated settlement.

69 Resettlement Action Plan Page 45 Table 6-11: Average expenditure per item by HHs in six settlements Item Shellen Town Erics Town Wenekai Sumo Village Gbally Village Benben Town Food Avg. amount per HH LD Total Avg. Avg. amount per person LD % of total expenditures Energy Avg. amount per HH LD Avg. amount per person LD % of total expenditures Education Avg. amount per HH LD Avg. amount per person LD % of total expenditures Health Avg. amount per HH LD Avg. amount per person LD % of total expenditures Clothing Avg. amount per HH LD Avg. amount per person LD % of total expenditures Transport Avg. amount per HH LD Avg. amount per person LD % of total expenditures Farm tools Avg. amount per HH LD House repair Avg. amount per person LD % of total expenditures Avg. amount per HH LDS Avg. amount per person LD % of total expenditures HH assets Avg. amount per HH LD Social events Total Expenditures in average Avg. amount per person LD % of total expenditures Avg. amount per HH LD Avg. amount per person LD % of total expenditures Avg. amount per HH LD Avg. amount per person LD % When one looks at settlements that deal mainly with mining, Benben and Gbally, and compares their expenditure to non-mining settlements, the survey reveals that HHs in the mining settlements have more money to spend. Households in mining settlements on average spend LD per head for Benben and LD for Gbally, while in non-

70 Resettlement Action Plan Page 46 mining settlements the expenses per head range from LD (Erics Town) to LD (Shellen) Place of Permanent Residence Questions were asked on where the HH members originated from. Results showed that both women and men were born in diverse counties and those from Montserrado County count for the majority with 355 persons (189 men and 166 women), making up 60% of the total population in the likely affected settlements. Of these 48 are HH heads, 34 males and 14 females. The rest of the population moved to the project area either because women married men born here or families fleeing the civil war moved to the area to restart their lives away from the camps after the strife. A few persons from other African countries were also found, a total of 15 people. In general, the six surveyed settlements populations originated from various diverse counties. An illustration of the places of birth and number of persons is shown in the Table Table 6-12: Place of birth of HH members Number of Persons Percentage HH Head Total Population HH Head Total Population Place of Birth Avg. M F Avg. M F Avg. M F Avg. M F Information N/A Bomi County Bong County Bassa County Cape Mount County Grand Gedeh County Grand Kru Lofa County Margibi County Maryland County Montserrado County Nimba County River Cess County Sinoe County Gbarpolu County Other African Tribe Total HH heads were also asked how long they had been living in the Project impact zone in order to ascertain whether they had moved into the area when the dam was breached or are new comers in the area. The results revealed the majority (54 HH heads) had been living in the PIZ for less than five years. Six HH heads were found to have lived in the area for years. The Figure below shows the findings.

71 Resettlement Action Plan Page Years living in PIZ < 5 years 6-10 years years years years Figure 6-7: Distribution of residency of HH heads in project impact zone When asked why the HHs moved into the project area, responses were varied but the most common explanation was for farming (102 persons or 73%) as the soils are fertile where the water used to reach before the dam was breached. The 73% indicated that they were marginalised and landless, and this forced them into the reservoir area. The reservoir area was regarded as common property. As such, there is no need for permission to farm there. They implied that they were forced onto these fragile lands to practise subsistence farming. Mining took second place as reason for moving into the reservoir, this is evident from the concentration of miners in Benben settlement which has the highest number of HHs (350) among the six settlements surveyed. In third place was charcoal production (38 persons or 27%). The Figure below illustrates the percentages representing the various reasons given for moving into the reservoir area.

72 Resettlement Action Plan Page Reason for moving into the PIZ in % related to No. of HH fishing farming charcoal mining hunting Business Figure 6-8: Distribution of reasons given for moving into the reservoir area Water Supply Source of Drinking Water The main source of water supply for domestic use is nearby creeks and the St. Paul River. Women explained that at an elevated level above the river, there are small creeks which provide clean water for drinking and cooking. The river water itself is used for other chores, e.g. washing clothes, bathing, and fishing and in mining. It was also observed that some settlements like Benben, (Raymond Camp, but not to be affected) had hand pumps, however these were not operating all the time, especially during the dry season. The hand pumps were seen to be operating during the rainy season, and this water was good enough for cooking. The hand pumps are located within the settlements in easy reach of all HHs. Distance to Source of Water The St. Paul River is quite close to the six settlements and within walking distance. The river being the main source of water is less than 30 minutes walk to the settlements for most PAPs depending on where they have their houses. It is only during the dry season when creeks are running dry that women will resort to using river water for cooking, yet this is not generally safe. However, only 16 interviewees reported having to walk for more than 30 minutes in search of water. Six respondents did not give any comments to the question Distance to the water source.

73 Resettlement Action Plan Page 49 Table 6-13: Walking distance to water source Settlement Name <15 min min >30 min Shellen Town Erics Town Wenekai Sumo Village Gbally Village Benben Town Total Sanitation Sanitation is expressed in terms of how waste is disposed of by the HHs and the type of toilet facilities present, if any. The most common manner in which the HHs disposed of waste was by simply throwing it anywhere. None of the respondents indicated they made compost or burnt their garbage. Although garbage disposal was not a problem in the surveyed settlements, throwing waste anywhere was not environmentally sound practice. It was also found that facilities such as toilets and bathrooms are lacking. As indicated in section , all bathing takes place at the river, whereas the bush or river is also used as to dispose of human waste, with the bush acting as where one can urinate. This is common practice Domestic Fuel The energy sources for cooking are vital to rural households. The respondents were asked to mention their energy sources for cooking. The most common energy source for cooking was fuel wood. Interestingly, one of the major sources of income is charcoal production, which is sold in nearby towns and cities; none of the respondents mentioned the usage of charcoal. In a focus group discussion of the charcoal burners, they were asked if the collection of fuel wood was a problem. Almost all indicated that there was no difficulty in gathering wood from the forest. Since all the households were cooking with fuel wood and a majority was involved in producing charcoal, the trees can be depleted if no effort is made to replenish what has been harvested. This implies that these people could be encouraged into agro forestry Health Services PAPs in the surveyed settlements were asked where they went for treatment if they fell sick. In all the six settlements no health posts or health facilities were seen and thus no health services were provided within the communities. The people used the nearest health facility closet to them and for most this was the Raymond Camp health post. Sick persons of the settlements of Eric, Sumo, Wenekai, Gbally and Shellen use the health post at Raymond camp. This clinic has an assistant physician, 2 nurses, and midwives. The health post is small with only an examination room, a reception, a room with 2 beds which is turned into a storage room for relief food. The Raymond Camp health post

74 Resettlement Action Plan Page 50 deals primarily with primary health care and concentrates on mother and child. Complicated cases are referred to Bensonville Hospital. PAPs from Benben make use of a clinic in Nyenh. Sick people from Benben travel or walk to Todee junction which takes 3 hours by car or to Bensonville that is about two hours' drive. Benben settlement has a small pharmacy too, but it is not clear what kind of medication is sold there. The survey results reveal that most PAPs walk to the health facilities, a walk that in all instances is more than 30 minutes. In addition, albeit the remoteness of the health facilities pregnant women will use the health facilities, as it was not clear whether there are birth attendants in the settlements Access to Education Education level of HHs members is rather low in the six settlements. No education facilities were found within the settlements. In all cases, children had to walk for two to three hours in order to get to schools in other areas, e.g. in Raymond Camp and Gbandi. For the latter, children even have to spend the week away from parents and only get back home for the weekend. Primary schools are lacking in all the surveyed settlements. HHs were asked whether they had access to education. There is access to schools, with only 30 HH heads acknowledging and 108 responding that they have no access to schools. Respondents may have misunderstood this question, thinking that they were to indicate whether education facilities existed within the settlements. Schools exist in the project area but in other settlements whose structures will not be affected. The schools representing lower levels of education are far for school-going children who spend two to three hours walking to and from school. Acess to School 22% Yes No 78% Figure 6-9: Distribution of access to schools Questions were asked about the level of education of the population in the surveyed settlements.

75 Resettlement Action Plan Page 51 When looking at the education level of HH heads, they have a low educational attainment as indicated by the data. Forty-two (30.2%) did not have any formal education. About 32 or 23 % of them reached the elementary level while 26 (18.7%) of them claimed to have been in the junior high school level. On the other hand, 35 or 25.2% reached senior high. Only three (2.2%) of them have acquired tertiary education. The results indicate that for HH heads, women have generally either attained elementary level or have no education. For the men the proportion that has senior high (secondary education) is still low, albeit this level accounting for the highest proportion among men. Men tend to have attained a higher level of education. The low education level reflects less opportunity for employment because formal education and proper training serve as a key to future employment. This further implies that these HH heads are experiencing a low quality of life that could lead to mass poverty (if their off-springs also do not get proper education). Table 6-14: Level of adult education Education Level of HH heads Total No Gender Gender Total % Men Women Men Women Information N/A Non-formal Elementary Junior High Senior High Tertiary Education Total Information N/A Education Level of HH heads Men Women Non-formal Elemementary Junior High Senior High Tert. Education Figure 6-10: Distribution of HHs heads education level

76 Resettlement Action Plan Page 52 If the education level for persons over the age of 6 is looked into the results reveal a similar pattern, with males attaining a higher education level than the females. Females seem to fare better at the lower levels non-formal and elementary levels, and even surpassing males at the junior high level. This could be explained by early marriages, the old tradition of educating boys only or parents could not afford to pay for their girl s school fees. In addition, schools are far and the settlements are widely spread and inaccessible; the small settlements also have relatively small populations whose education level is low and this could have created diminishing aspirations for children to pursue education Information N/A Education Level of Person > 6 Years Men Women Non-formal Elemementary Junior High Senior High Tert. Education Figure 6-11: Distribution of education level of those aged above 6 years Land Use Land use is the relevant issue for compensation in MCHPP. For this reason, special emphasis was put on land use in the project area Farmland Size and Landholding in the Project Area Farmland in the area where the project is located is mostly used for agricultural production. A certain number of plots where food for household consumption is produced are located near the houses. All land within the reservoir area belongs to the GOL, but there exists community land outside the reservoir area. However, the surveyed settlements have some of their farmland within the reservoir area. The land in the reservoir is LEC land and the PAPs cultivating here are squatters. The survey revealed that not all HHs have land to cultivate on. From the total number of 139 HHs, only 102 HHs have access to farmland. The measure of land ranged from less than 1 hectare to a range of 5-8 hectares. A majority of HHs that practise agriculture use land ranging from 1-4 ha. The Table below shows the size of farmland and number of HHs cultivating on the size range indicated.

77 Resettlement Action Plan Page 53 Table 6-15: Number of HHs and farmland size Farmland size and land holding Number No land 37 < 1 ha ha ha 8 >8 ha 0 The proportion of HHs without farmland is 36% and this could be attributed to settlements such as Benben and Gbally which mainly practise mining. Fifty (36 %) of the respondents tilled 1-4 hectares of land; 45 (32%) indicated that they worked on less than a hectare of land; eight (5.6%) laboured on 5-8 hectares and none had above eight hectares. Thirty six (26%) respondents pointed out that they did not have any farmland. This latter group could be merely illicit miners in Gbally and/or Benben settlements. The data obtained showed that respondents tilled only small sizes of land for their living. It was observed that cultivated areas were both on the plain and on the lower, sometimes upper, slopes of the surrounding hills. In terms of landholding, none of the respondent had any title deed as they all were operating within the Mount Coffee Hydro Power plant reservoir. Farmland size and land holding 6% 0% 36% 26% No land <1 ha 1-4 ha 5-8 ha > 8 ha 32% Figure 6-12: Distribution of farmland There is the opportunity to find cultivable land elsewhere should they so desire. The only problem is if it is community land then what they can plant is limited to - annual and biennial crops.

78 Resettlement Action Plan Page Agricultural Production and Livestock in the Project Area The settlements practice only the slash and burn farming method in the MC HPP reservoir through which they produce food on a farm size ranging from 0.25 to 8 hectares. The study revealed the kind of crops grown in the surveyed settlements. Sixty-eight (66%) planted cassava (Manihot esculenta); a major source of carbohydrates; 36 (35%) grow rice, one of the people s staple foods; 18 (17%) planted vegetables (pepper, eggplant, okra, cabbage etc.) that grew well in these settlements and marketed mostly in cities of Bensonville, Careysburg and Monrovia. Ten (10%) planted corn; just two respondents cultivated peanuts while one respondent sowed sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas). Bulk of the produce grown by the HHs is consumed and sales are only carried out when there is a bumper harvest in food crops. Otherwise most of the cash crops are the ones sold at markets, e.g. cassava and rice. Table 6-16: Types of crops grown Type of Crops Number Percentage Rice Cassava Vegetables Corn Peanuts 2 2 Sweet potatoes 1 1 Note: percentage is related to the 102 households having access to farmland It is worth noting that crops like rice are only grown during the rainy season, which is rather long in Liberia (8 months). When the rice field is not in use, other crops which mature fast may be grown or the field will be left to rest during the dry season. Preparation of the rice fields starts with the onset of the rains in June, with sowing of rice taking place in July and by December the crop is ready for harvesting.

79 Resettlement Action Plan Page Types of crops planted rice cassava vegetables corn peanuts sweet potatos Figure 6-13: Distribution of types of crops grown by HHs The following calendar shows the harvesting and cropping season in the project area. Crops Oil palm Banana Cassava Cocoa Coffee Corn Pepper Pineapple Plantain Rice upland Rice low land Rubber Sugarcane Vegetable 1 st season Vegetable 2 nd season Sowing / Planting period Harvesting Period Rainy season MONTHS Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Figure 6-14: Croping calendar in the project area Note: The columns highlighted in green shows all agronomical activities (nursery/sowing, planting, weeding and fertilization) up to the maturity of the crop, while the yellow shows harvesting period. The Cropping Calendar is a tool that provides information on planting, sowing and harvesting periods of locally adapted crops in specific agro-ecological zones. MC HPP falls within the agro-ecological zones of the coastal plains. The vegetation is swampy along rivers creeks, mangroves, and scattered patches of both low and high bushes and savannah belt. It begins at sea level to heights of 30 m (100 ft) inland with

80 Resettlement Action Plan Page 56 rainfall of mm and humidity of 85-95%. The administrative area of Cape Mount, Bomi, Margibi, Montserrado and Rivercess Counties falls within this range. There are two major seasons in Liberia, rainy season and the dry season. The rainy season starts in mid-may and it ends in October while the dry season starts mid- November and ends in early May each year. The peak planting season of farmers in the MC HPP area is from May to June. This time is the beginning of the rainy season, while peak harvesting period is September to October, which is considered the end of rainy season and beginning of the dry season. Livestock and poultry also contribute to HHs food security. Not much livestock is kept by HHs in the project area, poultry seems to be preferred. 85% of respondents (118 HHs) reported that they have livestock and poultry. Sheep are by far the most kept livestock (8.5% of the 118 HHs), followed by pigs with 5.9 % and goats, (3.4%). For poultry chickens were kept by 98% and ducks by 62% of the HHs. Table 6-17: Livestock and poultry kept by HHs Livestock and Poultry No. of HH per kind of livestock & poultry Percentage related to 118 HHs Total No. of livestock & poultry Chicken Duck Goat Pig Sheep Attitude of the Affected Population Readiness to Move Since it at the time of the HH survey it was not certain whether the six settlements would have to be relocated or not, when the FGDs have been carried out, PAPs were asked if they had a preferential location for resettlement in case this would turn out to be required. PAPs from Wenekai, Shellen and Eric settlements already decided that moving to Raymond Camp would be an alternative site for them, since there are social facilities, like the health post and a school. They also revealed that with the rehabilitation of the dam, they had an opportunity to sell food to the workers and thus earn some money. Whereas the women from Benben expressed the need for them to decide as a community where they would move, they also suggested going back to the land by the railway line, where the settlement had been established before prior to their moving back to the present site. There was a high degree of willingness for resettling in their original communities, of which, a sizable number indicated Monrovia (especially the Benben miners youth). Sumo villagers all wish to move back to Arthington See Annex 2.9 on FGD in Sumo on 28 th October, Gbally residents prefer relocating to a site around Raymond Camp and they are sure of securing farming land up in the Harrisburg area towards

81 Resettlement Action Plan Page 57 Crusserville Township. More information on where the PAPs want to locate to is found in Annex 2. The following Table is based on data collected from the HH survey. Table 6-18: Relocation sites chosen by HH heads Present location Relocation site Shellen Town Erics Town Wenekai Sumo Village Gbally Village Benben Town Arthington Harrisburg Mt Coffee Monrovia Bomi Fendell Brewerville Todee Lofa Bensonville Bong Gbarpolu Total Most Important Criteria for Relocation During the FGDs and HH survey, people were asked what determined their readiness to move and where they would prefer to move to. The respondents had to name at least four factors that would be most important for them to relocate. The deciding factors for relocation were varied but a majority cited money (137 HHs, 98.6%), so their moving would depend on the compensation they receive for losses; the PAPs expect to receive compensation for resettlement. In second place was cited better shelter (135, 97.1%), again this is in line with the PAPs expectations that their new houses will be of better quality and they expect the government to provide them with improved housing. The third preference was their children s education (128, 92.1%). This is understandable bearing in mind that there are no institutions of higher learning in the PIZ and the existing education facilities (primary and lower secondary) are a good distance from the likely to be affected settlements. Food and farming (114, 82%) took fourth place, implying that if there was land for farming and sufficient food production in the new areas, the PAPs would willingly move. This latter reason is interesting, yet the foremost reason for moving into the reservoir was for farming purposes as was indicated by 73 respondents. An illustration of the reasons given is shown in the Figure below.

82 Resettlement Action Plan Page Deciding factor for relocation in % related to No. of HH Figure 6-15: Distribution of factors given determing HHs relocation Seen in the light of number of HHs who gave reasons for deciding to move, the following Table shows the factors and how many HHs gave the specific factor as decisive for their relocation. What is of interest is that a small number gave job relocation as a factor. Most of the PAPs in the six surveyed settlements are selfemployed, i.e. their economic activities are tied to land, e.g. farming, mining, coal production, fishing etc. The few people who are actually employed as such are on contracts, mainly tapping rubber, cutting palm fronds or cutting sticks (see section 6.3.6). Table 6-19: Factors given for relocation by HHs Deciding factors for relocation Number Percentage Family Money Children s education Food/farming Job relocation Marriage Better shelter Safety Hospitable climate 8 5.8

83 Resettlement Action Plan Page 59 FGDs with women in both Wenekai and Benben revealed that factors like land to farm on and produce food for the HH was important to them. Other important factors included the possibility of their children going to school and the presence of a health post. The FGDs with famers, miners, fishermen and women, and charcoal producers held during the period of 12 th -16 th July, 2012, from settlements in the project area but not necessarily requiring relocation the following were given as PAPs expectations of the project: These expectations were mostly given by the youth who expressed the need for employment. Job opportunity would be provided Good accommodation would be provided for communities that are to be resettled Good road network would be maintained due to the operations at the hydro power plant. Better education facilities and skills training would be provided Market linkages would be improved Police station would be built to enhance security Incentives would be provided for farmers to restart farming activities at new sites Compensations for those that would lose their crops should timely available Hygienic toilets would be made available at the new settlements To be resettled on land to produce the same quantity of food as they grow now. Men s expectations are in Annex 2 in summaries of FGD with men. 6.3 First (Initial) Farmland Survey As mentioned in Section 6.1, a farmland survey was carried out which was not restricted to farmland cultivated by farmers from the six villages close to the reservoir, but which covered all farmland which at that time was considered as being at risk from the Project Affected Farmers There are also PAPs who do not live in the six surveyed settlements but have farmland in the project area. Their settlements are well above MSL of m asl and distanced from the river. The FGDs with these PAPs revealed that they cultivate both cash/tree crops and food crops within the project area too. In addition to the household survey of the six settlements, the plantations of all the farmers in the assumed reservoir and construction area have been measured during March and April Interviews were held with community members to provide history of the area and identify existing farms. GPS coordinates were recorded at each farm and resettlement site visited. The farm sizes were measured using a 100 meters tape line. All vegetable farms including other crops like cassava, sugar cane, pineapple, banana, and plantain land area were measured, while tree crops like rubber, assorted oil palm, cocoa, and coffee both land area and number per area were counted. The concentration of the farm land survey was in and around the reservoir and places that were most likely to be submerged. After receiving the topographical map with the FSL

84 Resettlement Action Plan Page 60 indicated and the GPS data a second survey was carried out to actual verify which of the before surveyed farms are within the reservoir and which are actually outside, some additional farms have been documented Results of Initial Farm Survey The first survey resulted in a total of 221 farmers having 290 plantations with a total size of ha. Some of those plantations are cultivated by groups of farmers, and some farmers have more than one plantation in the assumed reservoir area and the near surrounding. The distribution of the field size in the reservoir area and the near surrounding is shown in Figure Distribution of field size Number of plantations >4 Size in [ha] Figure 6-16: Distribution of field size The crops in these fields are rubber, sugarcane, corn, vegetables (pepper, bitter ball etc.) cassava, pineapple, oil palm, plantain and banana.

85 Resettlement Action Plan Page Number of plantation per crop type N Figure 6-17: Number of HH cultivating individual crops Total ha per crop Oil palm; 2.11 Banana; 4.92 Cassava; Vegetable ; 8.90 Cocoa ; 5.98 sugar cane ; Coffee; 0.03 Corn; 3.57 pepper ; 7.40 Pineapple; 1.80 Plantain ; Rice ; 1.85 Rubber; Oil palm Banana Cassava Cocoa Coffee Corn pepper Pineapple Plantain Rice Rubber sugar cane Vegetable Figure 6-18: Total area cultivated per crop In total, rubber trees, oil palms, cocoa trees and 28 coffee trees have been estimated to grow in the project area. There were only two farmers identified to grow rice on 1.85 ha of land, simply because the season of upland rice is the rainy season and not the dry season, lowland rice can be planted the whole year long, since it is usually planted next to creeks and irrigated through these creeks. See Annex 3.3 for detailed data on agriculture per HH in the reservoir area. The following Figure indicates location and owners of all farmland covered in the survey.

86 Resettlement Action Plan Page 62 Figure 6-19: Farms within the project area Note: The symbols are showing the main crop, which is not necessarily the only crop on a field.

87 Resettlement Action Plan Page Second (Final) Farmland Survey The second survey was carried out after receiving the outlines of the reservoir. This second survey clearly showed that there are actually only 13.8 ha of cultivated land located below the FSL. These 13.8 ha belong to 69 farmers. To be on the safe side, 10 % has been added to the actual measured land due to the inaccuracy of handheld GPS devices. The majority of these, 37 farmers (50.7 %), plant vegetables in the reservoir area often intercropped with plantains and/or oil palm. Plantain is planted by 32 farmers (43.8 %), either as monoculture or intercropped. 18 people have planted corn, 16 cassava, 5 have planted pineapples and 2 sugar cane. Tree crops were planted only by 6 people within the reservoir area whereby 4 of them have rubber trees and two of them have cocoa plantations below the FSL. Oil palm could only be found intercropped. The following Table lists the name of the farmers having their farms below FLS, the crop and the area in square meters. Table 6-20: Farms within the reservoir area, below FSL No Track Farmer Community Total Area Area in the Crop No: (m 2 ) reservoir (m 2 ) 1 1 J. Roland Albert Raymond Camp plantain, vegetable, pineapple 2 4A Lucy Johnson Raymond Camp cassava, oil palm, pineapple, cocoa, pepper 3 9b Lucia Clinton Raymond Camp corn, vegetable 4 11A James Reynes Raymond Camp corn 5 18A Garmai Franklin Raymond Camp corn, vegetables, cassava, pineapple, plantain 6 19 Johnson Gayflor Raymond Camp cassava, pineapple 7 29 James Y. Flomo Raymond Camp cocoa 8 32a Joseph Kellieyan Raymond Camp cassava, corn, vegetables 9 33a Siya Saah Raymond Camp sugar cane, cassava, vegetable, plantain 10 50A Moses K. Sumo Voinjama plantain, mix vegetables Marvee Franklin Voinjama pepper David Bono Voinjama pepper Saturday Kerkulah Voinjama pepper, bitter ball, plantain A Old lady Diggs-1 Voinjama corn, mix vegetables 15 59A Jackson Kennedy Varney Town plantain, oil palm, rubber Edwin Mellet Varney Town plantain Konah Zeiglah Varney Town banana Anthony Kennedy Varney Town plantain, banana Daniel Norris Weaduo plantain Ousma Massaly Gbally Village plantain, cassava Abraham Keita Gbally Village plantain, cassava Varney Dukuly-1 Gbally Village plantain, cassava Fatumata Keita Gbally Village plantain, pineapple 81B Fatumata Keita Gbally Village Rubber Varney Gbelly Markai pepper 25 90B Johny Kolleh Markai vegetables Varney Domah Gbandi cassava, plantain James Boakai Gbandi pepper, bitter ball 28 93B Jimmy Carter Markai Plantain Tenneh Kromah Markai pepper Zinnah Konnah Markai pepper Bendu Konnah Markai vegetables Massa Konnah Markai plantain Segbwe Johnson Markai vegetables

88 Resettlement Action Plan Page 64 No Track Farmer Community Total Area Area in the Crop No: (m 2 ) reservoir (m 2 ) A Vick Huggar Sarah Town pepper, corn, eddoe, cassava Bessy Kamara Sarah Town corn Pallah Sumo Zakama Field corn, pepper Arthur Clemens Zakama Field rubber, plantain James Kollie Shellen vegetable Augustine Dixon Wenekai cassava B Prince Albert Wenekai cassava B Alphonso Ricks Borbor Town plantain Asata Sackie Borbor Town banana George Hunder Borbor Town plantain Matthew Sackie Borbor Town plantain Wilson Sackie Borbor Town plantain A Ruth Kolubah Benben Town corn Matta Shilling Benben Town pepper Peter Sackie Benben Town pepper Daniel D. Baker Raymonds Camp rubber Golbah Mulbah Raymonds Camp vegetable Maimah Harris Raymonds Camp plantain Mary Diggs Raymonds Camp cassava, corn, pepper Charles Kona Raymonds Camp plantain, corn, pumpkin Kowu Zakama Voinjama corn Benjamin Yassiah Zakama corn A Solo Gbally Village vegetables, plantain, oil palm, cassava Boakai Dukuly Gbally Village plantain Daniels Y Kpingbah Gbally vegetable, oil palm, plantain David Garwoloquoi Zakama pepper, bitter ball, eggplant B David Y Mulbah Zakama pepper, corn, okra Korpo Albert Zakama plantain, banana Matthew Akhigbe Zakama pepper, biiter ball, okra Maway Mulbah Zakama plantain, corn, pepper B Oldman Zakama pepper bitter ball, eggplant, cucumber Sarah Hoggar Sarah Town cassava Aloysius Seeward Shellen egg plant Fallah Bundoo Shellen corn Gobeh Mulbah Shellen corn, vegetable Jartu Cooper Shellen corn Total in m 2 measured Additional 10% as reserve for inaqurate measuring Total in m Total in ha In addition to the above farmers there are 8 rubber farms located between the FSL and the MFL. Those will need to be monitored since the rising ground water table could affect the roots of the rubber trees.

89 Resettlement Action Plan Page 65 Table 6-21: Farms which could be affected due to the rise of ground water No Track No: Farmer Community Total Area (m 2 ) Area below MFL (m 2 ) 1 57 Joseph Goll Varney Town rubber/oil palm 2 73 Edwin Mellet Weaduo rubber 3 80 Gbally Domah Gbally Village rubber 4 82B Fatumata Fuller Gbally Village rubber 5 88 Joseph OBY Gbandi to be measured rubber Momo Dabeni James A. Mulbah s Town to be measured rubber 7 210A Moses Porkpah Benben Town cassava/plantain/rubber Emmanuel Kolubah Benben Town rubber Total in m in addition 5x2500 m 2 since these fields are missing Total in ha 5.64 Crop Furthermore, there are 17 farmers planting vegetables, plantain, sugar cane, cassava between FSL and MFL, but those farms should not be affected since the roots are rather short. However since the accuracy of the Full Supply Level and the Maximum Flood Level is ± 5 m in horizontal direction and ± 3 m in vertical direction, all of the documented farms need to be checked during and after the filling phase to verify that the farms are not affected by the project. The following Figure shows the farmland within the reservoir area below full supply level. This survey is the relevant basis for compensation.

90 Resettlement Action Plan Page 66 Figure 6-20: Farms within the reservoir area, below FSL

91 Resettlement Action Plan Page 67 7 RESETTLEMENT CONDITIONS 7.1 Scope In a first part, this Chapter discusses, in a more or less general manner, the legal and institutional framework under which resettlement and compensation have to be carried out. The main basis for this are the relevant laws of Liberia; and the applicable international norms and standards. Inevitably, in this overview some requirements will be mentioned which then will turn out not to be applicable in the specific case of MCHPP. It then formulates a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) which defines the general rules, which should be followed in the case of MCHPP. Where not explicitly defined as conditions specific for MCHPP, this RPF should basically also be applicable for other project in the energy sector. Therefore it cannot be absolutely project specific in every single point. 7.2 Legal Framework The Consultant, for being able to prepare the RAP, had to gain some basic knowledge on applicable legislation of the country. An analysis and short discussion of the relevant texts is provided in Annex 4. The most relevant legal texts are: The Constitution of Liberia 1986 Land Act 1856 County Act 1969 Land Acquisition Act World Bank Resettlement Policy In order to ensure transparency and protection the World Bank has developed a resettlement policy framework, which provides specific safeguards in the execution of resettlement scheme and the subsequent payment of compensations to people affected by the activities of the Bank funded projects, either in part or in whole and whose compliance thereto are a sine qua non condition. The Bank also insists that the beneficiary country must also develop a resettlement plan, which as a necessary requirement must be in compliance not only with the national legislation, but also with the safeguards contained in the Bank s resettlement policy (WB OP 4.12 on involuntary resettlement). In view of the importance the Bank attaches to the development of a national resettlement policy it has made a number of suggestions which it strongly urges the recipient/ beneficiary country to consider incorporating in its National Resettlement Policy.

92 Resettlement Action Plan Page 68 The basic elements of the World Bank s resettlement policy are: 1. Involuntary displacement should be avoided or minimized whenever feasible, because of its disruptive and impoverishing effects. 2. Where displacement is unavoidable, the objective of Bank policy is to assist displaced persons in their efforts to improve, or at least restore, former living standards and earning capacity. The means to achieve this objective consist of the preparation and execution by the borrower of resettlement plans as development programs. These resettlement plans are integral parts of project designs. 3. Displaced persons should be: (i) compensated for their losses at replacement costs, (ii) given opportunities to share in the project benefits, and (iii) assisted in the transfer and in the transition period at the relocation site. 4. Moving people in groups can cushion disruptions. Minimizing the distance between departure and relocation sites can facilitate the resettlers adaptation to the new socio-cultural and natural environments. The trade-offs between distance and economic opportunities must be balanced carefully. 5. Resettlers and hosts participation in planning resettlement should be promoted. The existing social and cultural institutions of resettlers and their hosts should be relied upon in conducting the transfer and reestablishment process. 6. New communities of resettlers should be designed as viable settlement systems equipped with infrastructure and services, able to integrate in the regional socioeconomic context. 7. Host communities that receive resettlers should be assisted to overcome possible adverse social and environmental effects from increased population density. 8. Indigenous people, ethnic minorities, pastoralists, and other groups that may have informal customary rights to the land or other resources taken for the project, must be provided with adequate land, infrastructure, and other compensation. The absence of legal title to land should not be grounds for denying such groups compensation and rehabilitation. These basic rules have then been integrated into the presently applicable WB guidelines, the World Bank Operational Policy on Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12), which will apply for the involuntary resettlement of owners and users of the project lands. OP 4.12 requires that planning for resettlement is an integral part of the project design, and should be initiated as early in the project planning as possible. The policy sets out the following policy statement for consideration during resettlement planning: 1. Involuntary resettlement should be avoided or minimized where feasible, exploring all viable alternative project designs. 2. Where displacement is unavoidable, resettlement plans should be developed. All involuntary resettlement should be conceived and executed as development programs with re-settlers provided sufficient investment resources and opportunities to share in project benefits. Displaced persons should be (i) compensated for their losses at full replacement cost prior to the actual move; (ii) assisted with the move and supported during the transition period in the resettlement site; (iii) assisted in their efforts to improve their former living standards, income earning capacity, and production levels, or at least to restore

93 Resettlement Action Plan Page 69 them. Particular attention should be paid to the needs of the poorest groups to be resettled. 3. Community participation in planning and implementing resettlement should be encouraged. Appropriate patterns of social organisation should be established, and existing social and cultural institutions of re-settlers and their hosts should be supported and used to the greatest extent possible. 4. Re-settlers should be integrated socially and economically into host communities so that adverse impacts on host communities are minimised. The best way of achieving this integration is for resettlement to be planned in areas benefiting from the project and through consultation with future hosts. 5. Land, housing infrastructure, and other compensation should be provided to the adversely affected population, indigenous groups, ethnic minorities, and pastoralists who may have usufruct or customary rights to the land or other resources taken for the project. The absence of legal title to land by such groups should not be a bar to compensation. The World Bank Group s OP 4.12 on Involuntary Resettlement provides that land-forland resettlement is generally the preferred option. This fits into the Liberia s set up where all land belongs to the Government and resettled persons are given land for land acquired by the project. Therefore, land based resettlement will be carried out where possible, but a major emphasis of the RAP will be to develop a Livelihood Augmentation and Income Restoration (LAIR) Plan to ensure that affected households are able to restore and sustain incomes previously gained from agriculture (to at least equivalent levels). Interim compensation payments for loss of assets and general disturbance will also be made to assist with the transitional period. The World Bank has a preference for land-for-land resettlement scheme relative to other options. At the same time the Bank is not unmindful of the existing land rights regimes that may exist in the immediate locale of the beneficiary country in order to make informed policy decisions. The Bank is also committed to the payment of compensations, after losses incurred by project affected people, are fully determined. In the specific case of this project, there are two categories of people the project will deal with. The first category of people is the Pre-war trespassers, currently squatting on the un-used portion of the Land previously acquired during the construction of the hydro in The second categories are those that are going to be affected by the new development as part of the rehabilitation of the hydro. Compensations will be paid to these two categories of people after losses that will be incurred are fully determined on the basis of a scientifically and transparent assessment and survey. Compulsory acquisition of land may be an option if some affected people resist resettlement or relocation. In this case two legal instruments, though interrelated, are available under Liberian laws to forcibly acquire land; imminent domain may be invoked under such circumstances, where the land is needed for public good. On the other hand, Article 24a of the Liberian Constitution of 1986, which is stated verbatim below may be invoked. Under this provision expropriation may be authorized for any other public purposes subject to specific and clear conditions. The best approach, however, is by dialogue and persuasion.

94 Resettlement Action Plan Page Gap Analysis and Reconciliation The following Table shows the differences between the WB OP 4.12 and the Liberian pieces of legislation dealing with land acquisition and expropriation, resettlement and compensation. Where this gap analysis shows differences between WB OP 4.12 requirements and Liberian legislation, suggestions are made on how the gap could be bridged. Obviously, implementing these proposals would involve acts of legislation with would have to be done at the Government level, and which cannot be the responsibility of LEC. Table 7-1: Comparison of WB Safeguards and Liberian Legal Resettlement Conditions World Bank Safeguards Liberian Laws Reconciliation OP 4.12 Requirements The preparation of a resettlement plan and cleared by the Bank prior to the implementation of the resettlement activities Involuntary displacement/ resettlement of people should be avoided or minimized where possible because of its potential to cause disturbances and disruption in income generating activities and lead to poverty However, where it is not feasible to avoid resettlement, resettlement activities should be conceived and executed as sustainable development programs, providing sufficient investment resources to enable the persons displaced by the project to share in project benefits Displaced persons should be meaningfully consulted and should have opportunities to participate in planning and implementing resettlement programs. Law does not exist Law does not exist Constitution, Article 24a,I, ii, iii, iv: While the inviolability of private property shall be guaranteed by the Republic, expropriation may be authorized for the security of the nation in the event of armed conflict or where the public health and safety are endangered or for any other public purposes, provided: i. that reasons for such expropriation are given; ii. that there is prompt or just payment; iii. that such expropriation or the compensation offered may be challenged freely by the owner of the property in a court of law with no penalty for having brought such action; and iv. that when property taken for public uses ceases to be used, the Republic shall accord the former owner or, the right of first refusal to reacquire the property. Constitution, Article 24 (quoted above) Write a national resettlement policy that will adhere to the same safeguards as those of the Bank. This would be cleared by the investor before implementation of activities. Write a Resettlement Policy that will incorporate the Bank s safeguards and protection of the peoples economic well-being. Government should pass a law that will incorporate these concerns and also elaborate Article 24 of the Constitution PAPs will be involved in planning and implementation. Continuous consultations will go on for the duration of the project so that adjustments are made incorporating PAPs contributions.

95 Resettlement Action Plan Page 71 Displaced persons should be assisted in their efforts to improve their livelihoods and standards of living or at least to restore them, in real terms, to pre-displacement levels or to levels prevailing prior to the beginning of project implementation, whichever is higher. Relocated to as close as possible to original site if possible Compensated for losses at replacement costs. Compensations and other assistance to project affected people must be done prior to the displacement of the people for the purpose of restoring their livelihoods, if significantly affected. Sites intended for the resettlement of project affected people, new homes and related infrastructures, public services and moving allowances must be provided to the affected persons in accordance with the provisions of the resettlement plan Particular attention should be paid to the needs of the poorest groups to be resettled. Source: Study Team Constitution, Article 24 (as quoted above) Does not extend to this aspect of the bank s safeguards; separate law covering this aspect is not available None of the laws mention this. OK Constitution, Article 24 does not extend to this aspect of the Banks Safe Guard (quoted above) Constitution, Article 24 in a way touches on this point (also as quoted above) No mention of vulnerable groups is given particular attention. Pass Laws and write resettlement policies that incorporate this aspect. Livelihood activities will be implemented and monitored to ensure improvement of PAPs living standards or restoration of income earnings. Where no land is available close to original site, suitable sites agreed upon by PAPs will be approved. Compensation will be at market rate for houses and for crops lost will be based on the cost of crops and the number of years for the trees before impact. Costs will be similar to those used for different crops and tree, received from the MOA. National Resettlement Policy must be explicit and include this aspect. Compensation will be done prior to displacement. Write a National Resettlement Policy that incorporates these safe guards. All infrastructures in new sites will be in place and additional infrastructure will be added to avoid adding pressure on new and old users of the infrastructures. Vulnerable groups will be accorded more attention, in terms of house construction, priority in employment with project, and assistance in relocating. 7.5 Resettlement Policy Framework Basis and Aims Applicability The framework is based on the World Bank s Operational Policy 4.12 (OP 4.12) on Involuntary Resettlement, 1986 Liberian Constitution and relevant guidelines and standards. This Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) was prepared specifically for MCHPP; it is structured in compliance with the World Bank (WB) requirements as stipulated in the operational policies on Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12). The reservoir area at FSL will cover 8.1 km 2. However, at present no demarcation has been made showing precisely the extent of this area with incorporation of the FSL of m asl. Clear boundaries have to be marked.

96 Resettlement Action Plan Page 72 The Government of Liberia has received funds from the European Investment Bank (EIB) via WAPP to facilitate the preparation of the ESIA and Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for the reservoir and its environs. The Government of Liberia, together with EIB, MFA/Norway and KfW (the donors) are in agreement that involuntary resettlement may often endanger the economic, social and environmental aspects of the displaced persons. For this reason mitigating measures have to be planned and put in place before continuation with implementing the development project Purpose and Requirement of the Resettlement Policy Framework The primary aim of the RPF is to set out a strategic response to the challenges of involuntary resettlement, which are expected to be a consequence of the activities to be undertaken by MCHPP in the execution of the project. The secondary aims are: To prioritise responses to formulate a realistic agenda for resettlement; To provide guidelines/plans for resettlement activity; and To provide procedures for the borrower to follow in any resettlement activity associated with the borrower s subprojects. Provision should also be made for the co-ordination of resettlement activities in the project area with the aim of making decisions and sustaining mobilisation resources. The objectives of the RPF are therefore to: Set out policies, principles and refine institutional arrangements; Articulate a resettlement policy for Mt. Coffee Hydro Power Plant; Describe arrangements for resolving potential conflicts involving displaced persons; and Describe the arrangements for implementing and monitoring the resettlement process Resettlement Policy Commitment MC HPP, which is a government project, is committed to a resettlement policy which will provide adequate compensation for impacts caused by its project to affected household or individual enabling them to maintain an equivalent or better standard of living and income earning capacity as they had prior to resettlement. MC HPP will request project affected persons (PAPs) and other stakeholders for input through public consultations in order to incorporate their input in project planning and decision making Policy Statement MC HPP will avoid resettlement where possible, but where inevitable or unavoidable the resettlement policy is to assure that every affected household or individual is moved in an expeditious manner and that after relocation every household or individual is at least well off, if not better than prior to resettlement.

97 Resettlement Action Plan Page Specific Goals To demonstrate their commitment and compliance the GOL and MC HPP shall adopt the following: Establish effective communications with affected individuals, households and stakeholder groups throughout the resettlement process; Where required, procure adequate land at the new relocation site to accommodate all houses and amenities and other improvements that existed at the previous location; Provide equivalent or improved housing and infrastructure in case houses or infrastructure would be affected; Compensate affected individuals, households for all direct losses associated with land takes in a timely, fair and equitable manner; Provide interim compensation to re-settlers whose income generating capacity has been adversely affected, until their livelihood base can be adequately reestablished; Assist with the physical move and provide support to resettled individuals and households during the transition period; Make provisions that enable every resettled household or individual to effectively restore its household, food and income livelihood; and Monitor all aspects of the resettlement programme after the move relative to premove conditions and demonstrate compliance with MC HPP s resettlement policy, as the government does not yet have a safeguards resettlement policy Land Tenure and Compensation for MCHPP When discussing compensation for losses caused by the Project, in this case one very specific condition has to be taken into account where the question of land tenure is being concerned, namely: All people occupying or using in any way land within the reservoir area, i.e. land that will be submerged at the impoundment of the reservoir, are squatters on LEC land, and therefore have no right to compensation for land. However, the following project and site specific conditions also have to be considered: Livelihood of the affected persons is based on agriculture (to a large extent subsistence agriculture, only partly producing products for marketing); with this, the PAPs correspond to a population for which in kind compensation (land for land should be considered as the preferred option. The land they use way lying idle for about 20 years, and use of this land was tolerated during this time. Many of the people using land in this area established themselves there in the aftermath of the civil war; some were people formerly resettled for the original Mt. Coffee HPP, who then returned to their former place of living. While not entitled to a compensation for the land they use, they are entitled for a compensation for their assets, which are their crops, in some cases perennial

98 Resettlement Action Plan Page 74 crops (fruit trees, rubber trees). There are only two options for compensation in such a case, namely (i) in cash (which is not a recommended option in a situation as presented in the project area) or (ii) by providing replacement land where PAPs can re-establish their crops. While PAPs in the reservoir are squatters, this is not (or not necessarily) the case for people living in or using the land which will be occupied by temporary or permanent structures for constructing and operating the power plant (construction site, living quarters for workers, living quarters and infrastructure for plant operation). It would not seem wise to treat PAPs from these two areas, but affected by the same project, in a different way. Considering these conditions, it was decided that compensation for lost fields and crops would consist in providing alternative land for cultivation, and where required in additional support for re-establishing the lost plantations. This does not automatically mean that PAPs will receive a title for this replacement land. Nevertheless, they need to have some kind of secure use rights. If there is a possibility to award land titles, this would improve the situation of the PAPs and would be in line with the generally accepted principle that PAPs, with the project, should be better off than they were before Land Acquisition Land Rights in Liberia Land in Liberia is considered common property but with superior land rights or ownership rights vested on the Government of Liberia (GOL). This is dictated by the country s Constitution. Traditional rights also exist and are vested in the indigenous people who claim ownership of the land on the basis of ancestral inheritance. Land tenure is based on private ownership, communal/customary ownership and non-title concession rights (the latter is of no relevance as the rights are conferred due to operations of the concession in the country). Communal/customary rights are claimed by people whose ancestors lived on a piece of land from generation to generation. The boundaries of the land are often and generally acknowledged by their neighbours. Ownership is not based on paper, deeds or titles recorded on anything. The Law, therefore, confers upon the inhabitants of such lands Custodianship without the right to sell. This type of land ownership does not give the people security in tenure since the GOL claims superior rights and ownership. It is therefore the government, represented by the President of Liberia, who issues and signs all deed to all public land purchasers. Would-be purchasers, however, must obtain what is referred to as tribal certificate, which is supposed to indicate the custodian of the land, have accepted the would-be purchaser to purchase land that they hold in custody. Private land is either purchased from government for which a deed signed by the President is issued to the purchaser. Or it is a land that is sold by a land seller to a land purchaser for which the seller must sign and issue a deed to the purchaser, as evident of and consummation of the transaction.

99 Resettlement Action Plan Page Procedures for Land Acquisition in the Counties The request for any land goes through a defined chain of command. The procedure for obtaining land located in the County Area was as follows: Apply to the Land Commissioner in the county in which the land is located; The Commissioner shall issue a certificate if he is satisfied that the land is not overcrowded. Upon completion of the above steps, the purchase shall pay the Bureau of Revenues the value of the land valued at a minimum rate of 50 cents per acre (Land article 24 of the 1986 Constitution of Liberia). He shall obtain and submit a receipt to the President for an order to have the land surveyed. A deed will then be drawn up by the Land Commissioner, authenticated, and given to the purchaser RAP Preparation The basic principle governing resettlement is to ensure that relocation of people, if necessary, is done expeditiously and in a manner that will not disrupt the normal activities of those required to move. The Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) must include measures to ensure that economically and physically displaced persons are: Informed about their options and rights pertaining to resettlement; Consulted, offered a choice, and provided with technically and economically feasible resettlement alternatives; and Provided prompt and effective compensation at full replacement cost for losses of assets and access attributable to the project, as well as cost incurred from resettlement. A framework for asset compensation and entitlements based on the RPF needs to be developed in the RAP for all types of entitlement. Compensation will be agreed with the participation of government and other stakeholders including PAPs and local administration. However, MCHPP will seek to ensure that compensation is adequate, i.e. equivalent to replacement cost as required in the WB OP 4.12 on resettlement. The entire resettlement process will be monitored by MCHPP s Resettlement Unit (LEC PIU). Monitoring will continue for a minimum period of three (3) years or until it can be demonstrated that livelihoods of the affected households have been restored. PIU will amend the RAP, as it evolves during implementation. This RAP is therefore not final but flexible and a basis for starting the process, which will require constant adaptation and updating. The GOL officials, MCHPP and interested parties will receive and approve the amended RAP and supervise its implementation. The RAP must be submitted to the international donors for approval.

100 Resettlement Action Plan Page Socio-Economic Assessment Socio-Economic Conditions For every settlement or individual concerned, the socio-economic situation has to be studied with respect to the specific activities envisaged for the chosen site that may require resettlement or compensation. The following issues with regard to settlements and individuals to be relocated or compensated should be addressed: Population/person and housing infrastructure Land use and agriculture Household assets, economic activities and incomes Gender issues (heads of households, particularly female headed) Vulnerable groups Access to basic services and infrastructure (water, health, education) Results of the socio-economic survey will form the basis on which compensation and entitlement strategies will be prepared in the RAP Impacts of the Project The overall impacts of the project were assessed in the ESIA which is required as part of the project development process. Any project causing impacts on the local population will have to be prepared taking into consideration the following principles: Avoidance: resettlement should be avoided to the extent possible. Minimisation: each project should be checked carefully for possibilities in the project design that might allow for a reduction in the number of persons to be relocated. Compensation: Where resettlement is unavoidable, compensation for all impacts has to be granted. The following principles also have to be observed: Stakeholder Involvement Land occupation of the project must not take place before full compensation has been made and the affected households have been relocated. For the entire project (and for all projects with similar effects) entitlement and compensation have to be determined according to the same principles (equal treatment of PAPs). The views of the PAPs on land areas to be affected, housing and infrastructure, sources of income, loss of access to forest and river resources, cultural and sacred sites, and influx of new comers (job seekers) will be expressed in the RAP. The views of the communities and their representatives will be sought through public consultation process.

101 Resettlement Action Plan Page 77 The views of host communities, if applicable, should also be solicited and taken into account in the RAP. Consultation with the affected communities has to involve, but must not be limited to, settlement/community leaders, local authorities, etc Legal Framework for Resettlement Land Tenure The legal framework governing land delivery is based on the Constitution and laws, which have implications for land and land use. Important statutes include the Community Rights Law of 2009 with respect to Forest Lands. This law defines land rights of community people. It also outlines the right to negotiate with concessions in respect of community benefits; and the right to enter into private use agreement with the Forestry Development Authority, community people and concessions. Communal/Customary Law also known as Aborigines Law, which is based on custom and ancestral rights. The law states they are the custodians of the land, but the same law gives superior land rights to the State. This means that the indigenous people can be removed at will by the government. The Constitution, Article 24, which states that while private property shall be guaranteed by the Republic, expropriation may be authorised by the security of the nation in the event of armed conflict or where public health and safety are endangered for any other public purposes, provided: (i) the reasons for such expropriation are given; (ii) there is a prompt payment of just compensation; (iii) that such expropriation or compensation offered may be challenged freely by the owner of the property in a court of law with no penalty for having brought such action; (iv) that when property taken for public use ceases to be so used, the Republic shall accord the former owner or those entitled to the property through such owner, the right of first refused to reacquire the property. However, in order to obtain land from community, one has to obtain consent from the tribal authority to have a parcel of land deeded to the individual by the Government. Then the individual has to pay a sum of money as a token of intent to live peacefully with the tribesmen. The Paramount or Clan chief signs a certificate which then the purchaser forwards to the office of the District Commissioner (Land Commissioner for the area). Then the District Commissioner after satisfying himself that the land is not overcrowded in any way approves that the land can be deeded to the applicant and issues a certificate to that effect. In the townships and settlements, there is a communal form of land tenure. Land is allocated to private individuals by clans through the Paramount Chief. Formal registration takes place and some form of security has to register their Agreements with land owning community at the land s registrar Office in Monrovia. Others obtain building permits from the central government as a proxy for land registration. In the interior, the type of land tenure (communal, individual) is governed by customary law. Under the communal tenure, the community is registered as a socio-political entity consisting of members from varied backgrounds. Land in a given area in the chiefdom is claimed by and on behalf of the community as a whole by the socio-political head (Paramount Chief, Village Chiefs etc.). Under this system only the non-apportioned and inappropriate portions of the communal lands and

102 Resettlement Action Plan Page 78 those lands, which are strictly public lands (sacred groves, grazing lands, communal farms) are subject to direct management control and supervision of the socio-political head. The government still has the last say on land, through the Ministry of Lands, Mines and Energy Land Acquisition in the Public Interest The Government can and may take over land required when a project is considered for the good of the country, e.g. a road, hydropower project, etc. However, the guarantee of land users rights is stipulated in the Constitution, as is compensation. For community land, Community Rights Law of 2001 defines the land rights of the community; right to negotiate concession in respect of benefits and the right to enter into private use agreement with the FDA, community people and concessions World Bank s Policy on Involuntary Resettlement As the country has no resettlement policy when dealing with safeguards, the WB s OP 4.12 will apply for the involuntary resettlement of users of the project lands. OP 4.12 requires that planning for resettlement be an integral part of the project design, and should be initiated as early in the project planning as possible. The main principles of this policy are described in Section Eligibility Criteria The categories below indicate the Project Affected Persons (PAPs) who in effect are all entitled to receive compensation of one kind or another. Theoretically when referring to land, the PAPs fall into three main categories: People who have formal legal rights to land, including customary and traditional rights, as understood by the Liberian Laws tied to land. People who have no formal legal rights to land at the time of the cut-off date (survey ends) but have a claim to land or assets, so long as such claims are acknowledged under the Liberian laws or become recognised through a process identified in the RAP. People who have no recognisable legal right or claim to the land they occupy. Persons falling under a) and b) are entitled to compensation for the land they lose and other assistance. Persons under c) are provided with resettlement assistance in lieu of compensation for the land they occupy and other assistance. All three groups of people are entitled to compensation for loss of assets, other than land. This also includes access to resources. All households included in the census are eligible to compensation as agreed. However, not all households will have to relocate, but all those affected by the project are eligible. Affected in the sense that they either lose their dwelling and the farmland or lose the farmland and not their dwelling. Special attention will be paid to vulnerable groups so that these are not overlooked. Vulnerable groups fall into four categories and include:

103 Resettlement Action Plan Page 79 Disabled people, e.g. the handicapped, people suffering from HIV/AIDS, the seriously ill, the blind, maimed, etc. who need help if the settlement is to relocate. Female-headed HHs and widowed women who are at risk of losing farmland as a result of relocation and might not be allocated as fertile land as they had before. In this category are also women who would have to hire help to assist them in building the new houses and settling at the new sites. The elderly who have no help in labour activities. This also includes pensioners who fall into different categories according to the government s classifications. Single men with children up to the age of 15 and have no extra help or an adult to assist in house construction or household chores. Usually, a cut-off date is defined and communicated to the affected communities. Persons establishing themselves in the project affected area, or structures or any other assets being installed on affected land (including, e.g., the planting of trees on such land) will not be eligible for compensation Procedure for Valuing Affected Assets Valuation of built structures (houses, kitchens, businesses, etc.) crops and trees, common natural resources and community infrastructure and cultural and sacred sites shall be made. Compensation for such losses shall be made. Valuation of the assets shall be done in the presence of the owner and/or his representative. The representative of the affected person could be the settlement leader or a legal aid Implementation Schedule and Linking to the Civil Works All compensation in respect of any aspect of the project will be settled before the project activity is implemented in accordance with this RPF. All the necessary arrangement in respect of facilities and compensation for displacement and relocation will have been adequately taken care of in accordance with the requirements of the RPF before the project activity is implemented. No land, for whatever purpose, will be occupied by the project or any project related activity before compensation has been made and the affected persons are installed in their new location. This includes all activities related to construction as well as reservoir impoundment (submerging of land). The resettlement plan will be prepared in coordination with the technical project, and will be implemented in a way as to be in synchronisation with the technical project Budget and Funding Arrangements Cost Allocation According to most donors rules, resettlement costs have to be considered as part of overall project costs. In the case of MCHPP, funding the resettlement is the obligation of GOL. It is important that the funds are adequate for all aspects related to resettlement and compensation. For compensation, this can include: Compensation (at replacement cost) for lost houses and other immovable assets.

104 Resettlement Action Plan Page 80 Compensation, preferably in kind, for lost land, mainly agricultural land. This will involve assisting in identifying suitable land. Costs of transport of all movable assets (including livestock) to the new site. Compensation for lost harvests, fruit trees or other products. Adequate compensation for the loss of access to any resources which were of relevance for the affected HHs at their place of origin (common land, fisheries, etc.) Costs for the development of alternative livelihood strategies, if the previous livelihood cannot be maintained. This includes, e.g., training of farmers in farming techniques required at the new site, introducing them to agro-forestry and new crops, etc. Assistance for the transition period, as might be required. This also includes any form of special assistance required for vulnerable persons. Costs for required infrastructure to be developed at the new sites Compensation Payment There are no banking and saving facilities in the districts, and Careysburg, St. Paul River and Todee where the project is located are no different. Payments to other resettlers have normally been made to the affected directly. It is known that no banks exist in the interior where the MCHPP is located. As part of the payment method, resettlers could be assisted in opening up bank accounts, if they so desire. They could also be encouraged and assisted to set up investments or saving accounts with the compensation amounts they receive, should they want this. Without a bank account, the compensation payments to PAPs will go directly to them. For those who open savings account, the compensation payment will go directly to their bank accounts. A Liaison/Communications officer will be employed to facilitate and manage public consultation and liaise with the Resettlement Advisory Committee. Compensation procedures and schedule needs to be developed in cooperation with the Committee. Each individual or HH receiving compensation emolument will sign a compensation agreement with government Other Entitlements All other compensation money (for housing, crops or other assets) will be made by the project directly to the entitled household or persons. All eligible parties will be notified in writing of the type of entitlement proposed implementation dates Consultation with and Participation of Affected People The Government of Liberia and LEC (MCHPP) will hold public consultation with stakeholders including Government Agencies, NGOs, Local Government officials, PAPs, and host community groups on all aspects of the project activities during the entire project cycle. Information will be accessible and comprehensible to all. In the Counties, it shall be translated into various dialects. Particular attention shall be made to reach vulnerable groups.

105 Resettlement Action Plan Page 81 The PAPs shall be involved in planning, design, implementation and monitoring and evaluations. Public Consultation shall be ongoing during all activities including preparation of socio-economic study, the resettlement plan, and environmental impact assessment. Discussions shall be centred on the effects of the project and measures to mitigate those effects. Public consultations shall also be used for the following: To negotiate compensation packages and eligibility requirements, To discuss resettlement packages To reach agreement on the timing of resettlement activities This is to ensure that stakeholders views are incorporated in the resettlement planning and implementation. Host communities shall also be consulted. Public consultations shall also be held during the drafting and reading of the compensation contract. Sufficient notice shall be given through established channels before the public consultations. Consultations shall take place through meetings, radio programmes, discussion of public documents and settlement terms Monitoring Arrangements 7.6 Entitlement Monitoring will be two-fold, namely: Scope Internal monitoring: done by the organisations in charge or implementing the RAP. They will carry out a continuous monitoring of all activities mainly to check if the progress being made is in compliance with the overall schedule, if all measures required according to the RAP are being implemented accordingly, and if the results obtained correspond to the expectations. They will produce regular internal (monthly) and external (quarterly) reports. External monitoring: this will be done by a panel of independent experts. The panel will usually visit the project sites twice a year and prepare its reports based on the findings. If requested by any of the parties, or if serious cases of noncompliance were detected, additional site visits might be required In case of deviations from the original plan this will have to be reported, and proposals for remediation of the situation will have to be made. Entitlement, usually shown in an entitlement matrix, defines who is entitled, and under what conditions, for what kind of loss caused by the project. Since it is necessary that compensation within a country, for whatever type of project, should be done according to the same basic principles, the Consultant, at the request of the Ministry of Energy, has developed an entitlement matrix which by and large should be applicable to all projects in the energy sector, and probably for other large scale projects in the country as well. Obviously, this entitlement matrix is also applicable for MCHPP.

106 Resettlement Action Plan Page Generally Accepted Principles The following principles should be applied throughout, irrespective of the project: Entitlement Matrix Avoid and minimise resettlement and other impacts to the extent possible. Where impacts cannot be avoided, provide fair and adequate compensation which allows project affected persons (PAPs) to continue living at least at the same quality of life as before/without the project. Compensation must replace in an acceptable way the lost assets. Main types of compensation are: o In kind (most important: land for land in the case of a rural population depending on agriculture). In-kind compensation must be commensurate to the loss (e.g. land: same size of same or better quality, allowing for the production of the same crops; no restrictions in use, e.g. planting of tree crops must be allowed). In kind compensation can also be applicable for houses (new houses to be built by project owner and then handed over to PAPs; required prior agreement with PAPs on type, quality and site of house). o Cash compensation: can be adequate for loss of houses, businesses etc. Cash compensation has to be at replacement costs, not at market value. Cash compensation for land should be avoided especially in the case of subsistence farmers. o Providing an alternative: if original livelihood cannot be restored, an alternative has to be offered, and necessary measures (like e.g. training, equipment required for new activity) has to be provided. Examples: farmer losing his land, but not his house, and can make a livelihood from fishing provided he receives required gear (boat, nets, etc.) and training for carrying out this activity. Compensation has to guarantee that no PAPs will be impoverished due to the project. If possible, their situation should improve to some extent (e.g., benefit sharing). The entire process, from impact assessment to socioe-conomic survey to determination of compensation for resettlement, has to be accompanied by a public participation process, where information about the project and the compensation is being provided to the PAPs, and their concerns are heard and taken into consideration. The following Entitlement Matrix can basically be applied to any project in the energy sector, and it should in principle be applicable to projects in other sectors as well. In this document, applicability for the three main components of the Mt. Coffee Hydropower Rehabilitation Project (dam and reservoir, construction site, and transmission line right of way (TL ROW) is stated, as far as the required information is available. Note: that ESIA and RAP for the TL ROW are subject of a separate assignment. Easements must be dealt with separately according to GOL policy and would likely need to be negotiated with the land owner on a case-by-case basis.

107 Resettlement Action Plan Page 83 Table 7-2: Compensation Entitlement Matrix Compensation Framework Impact Category Entitlement Observations MCHPP dam and reservoir 1. Loss of land (any type of land: agricultural, house plot, other land) 1.1 Land title, legal ownership 1.2 Traditional ownership (recognised in the country / community) 1.3 No kind of recognised ownership, squatters Land for land or cash compensation Land for land preferable for farmers, especially subsistence farming Not applicable for MC reservoir: all PAPs squat on government land. Application to Mt. Coffee HPP MCHPP constr. Site Might be applicable for land used for construction site outside of reservoir. TL ROW Might be applicable. Same as above. Same as above. Same as above. Same as above. Same as above. Entitled to compensation for lost assets, but not necessarily for land (e.g. alternative livelihood) Compensation should be in a form as to provide for livelihood; no cash compensation. 1.4 Tenants Same as above. Compensation for land goes to land owner (landlord); compensation for assets created/implemented by tenants goes to tenants. 2. Loss of house 1.1 House owner House for house: either new house built and made available be project, or cash compensation at replacement cost (prior agreement with owner required). Improve situation of PAPs if possible. 1.2 Tenants Not entitled. Compensation for house goes to owner; tenant entitled to moving allowance (see below). Case for all land occupants in Mt. Coffee reservoir. t.b.d. t.b.d. Not applicable. t.b.d. t.b.d. Applicable to all houses to be relocated. Applicable to all houses to be relocated. Not applicable. t.b.d. t.b.d. Applicable to all houses to be relocated.

108 Resettlement Action Plan Page 84 Compensation Framework Impact Category Entitlement Observations MCHPP dam and reservoir 3. Loss of other structures 3.1 Owner Entitled to full compensation (usually in cash, replacement value) Can be structures like shops, workshops, wells, walls or fences, irrigation structures etc. 3.2 Tenant Not entitled. Could be entitled to assistance for reestablishment, or alternative livelihood 4. Loss of crops 4.1 Annual crops Compensation to farmer (not to land owner). Compensation required for lost harvests. 5. Loss of access to commons Timing of replacement of land is important in order to avoid/minimise loss of harvests. 4.2 Biennial crops Same as above. Same as above; consider longer time span. 4.3 Tree (perennial) crops All users of commons. Compensation to owner of tree (which is not necessarily the land owner). Compensation for lost trees (costs of establishing new plantation) and for lost harvests. In kind if possible. Basis for compensation: market value of crops (trees and harvest) official government price scale. Common good like pasture land, forest for collecting NTFPs, charcoal production, fishing, etc. Not applicable (no such structures). Application to Mt. Coffee HPP MCHPP constr. Site There might be some cases in the construction area. TL ROW Not applicable. t.b.d. t.b.d. Depends on the timing for the implementation of compensation. Same as above. Major issue in this case: rubber trees, which is by far the most important tree crop in this area. (See accompanying document reviewing MOA price for rubber.) Small loss of land, compensation probably not required. For charcoal production: possibility for community managed plantation forest. For fishing: follow-up through fish and fisheries monitoring, measures depending on results. Same as for reservoir. Same as for reservoir. Same as for reservoir. t.b.d. There might be some cases in the TL ROW. Same as for reservoir. Same as for reservoir. Same as for reservoir. t.b.d.

109 Resettlement Action Plan Page 85 Compensation Framework Impact Category Entitlement Observations MCHPP dam and reservoir 6. Loss of income 6.1 Public servants Usually no compensation required, they will keep their position and income 6.2 Employment in private sector 7. Loss of livelihood All types of livelihood, whether included above or not. 8. Other compensation 9. Additional measures for improving conditions of PAPs Application to Mt. Coffee HPP MCHPP constr. Site TL ROW None Not applicable. t.b.d. t.b.d. Alternative must be provided. None Not applicable. t.b.d. t.b.d. 6.2 Self-employment. Alternative must be provided. Small shops and restaurants etc. which are lost (physically or loss of customers), etc. 8.1 Moving allowance or support 8.2 Support to vulnerable groups Depends on specific situation of the project and the affected population. All PAPs entitled to replacement or compensation. All PAPs who need to be physically relocated All HH identified as vulnerable during survey, if affected. Can be used as alternative livelihood if required (see point 7) If present livelihood cannot be restored through compensation measures, alternatives must be offered. Transport for movable assets, compensation for other moving costs (e.g. lost productive time. No such cases. t.b.d. t.b.d. No such cases. t.b.d. t.b.d. Households (HH) to be relocated. t.b.d. t.b.d. Allowance to be paid. Affected vulnerable HH. t.b.d. t.b.d. Benefit sharing according to guidelines: PAPs should have a benefit from the project. Might need special work for developing suitable program. Options: Development of fishing in MC reservoir. Community forests for charcoal production. t.b.d. t.b.d.

110 Resettlement Action Plan Page Entitlement for MCHPP Basically, the PAPs entitled to compensation for their various assets are all the inhabitants of the wider project area who have their assets and/or are using land lying within the risk zone (i.e. houses at or below m asl, land used for agriculture at m asl or below). The PAPs entitled to compensation are therefore the following: All PAPs using land in the reservoir area. All PAPs, if any, that lose their livelihood, here inclusive of cash crops and trees and crops grown to augment food security. All vulnerable groups to receive additional assistance in terms of help with house construction, priority in employment, assistance in transportation and priority in employment connected to the project, should they so desire. Communal/public assets that will be compensated as communal property at the new sites are the following: Communal/public schools, health centres, markets, cemeteries, social halls, etc. as socio-cultural amenities. Roads, paths, bridges, electricity power lines, water provision for both consumption and irrigation. These are also seen as public services offered at a cost, including communal paths, roads and bridges which will also be catered for by the project and relevant ministries. Entitlement for compensation according to the conditions spelled out here will also apply to any person who will be affected by the establishment of the construction site, including structures required for plant operation. Since the layout for this was not yet defined at the time when the present RAP was finalised, this will still have to be done, as part of the ongoing work for RAP implementation. Eligibility for compensation will be limited by an approved cut-off date. For the reservoir area, this date was defined as the date of the final (second) survey of assets (farm land) carried out in April/May 2013, and it will be officially announced during the public meetings to be held and scheduled for early June After this date, the process of providing replacement for land will start. The PAPs will still be allowed to use and especially to harvest their fields within the reservoir area until the time of reservoir filling; however, no compensation whatsoever will be provided for perennial crops established after the cut-off date and for any biannual or annual crops planted or sowed after reception of replacement land outside of the future reservoir. 7.7 Grievance Procedure Every affected person has the right to lodge a complaint when dissatisfied with compensation or resettlement process. There will be three instances for sorting out complaints and grievances, as described below Grievance Mechanism The grievance or complaints processing and settlement mechanism is based on a threetier system as shown in the following Figure.

111 Resettlement Action Plan Page 87 First Instance: Mediation with ruling under the auspices of SRC, village chief and elders, koo and Town Chief If not successful Second Instance: Settlement under the auspices of Grievance Committee in the presence of legal counsel If not successful Third Instance: Court of Law according to the Liberian laws with legal representation of PAP. Figure 7-1: Grievance processing mechanism First Instance Relying on local mechanisms as First Instance normally pays off and avoids worsening matters. In compensation and resettlement operations, many grievances take root in misunderstandings that usually can be solved through meditation using local mechanisms. Most grievances can be resolved with additional explanation efforts and limited mediation. A first instance mechanism is aimed at the amicable settlement of disputes. When an aggrieved person presents a grievance or complaint to the chief and elders, the elders will seek settlement using first the mechanisms available in the community. These mechanisms use well laid down rules known to all and considered binding by the villagers. Community leaders typically and rightfully play an important role in achieving settlements acceptable to all parties. Normally disputes or grievances are solved at the settlement level, with moderators ensuring that disputes stay within the settlement. In this case the Town Chief, settlement chief and elders plus the koos have a significant role to play. It is hoped that most disputes will be solved at the first instance, the settlement level where most PAPs know each other and those who know the rules can explain to those who still have not grasped them Second Instance When a settlement cannot be reached at the First Instance level, the second instance mechanism is triggered: amicable settlement under the auspices of the Grievance Committee (GC). It is paramount that the GC members are representative of all segments of the community; here included women and vulnerable groups, so at least a third of its members must be female. The mediation meetings are organised with the interested parties. The District administration and the project representatives must also be part of the GC, as they ought to know the aggrieved person having interacted with him or her during the compensation process. Minutes of meetings will be recorded and signed.

112 Resettlement Action Plan Page Third Instance: Appeal to Law Court In accordance with international standards, every individual has the right to access a court of law to lodge complaints and petitions. Appeal to the Court will be through normal jurisdiction. With the mechanisms described above, it is unlikely that many of the disputes will reach this level. The PAPs will most likely rely on their legal counsel s advice rather than take matters to court Processing and Monitoring of Grievances All grievances will have to be recorded (name of complainant, date, location, subject), and track will have to be kept on outcome (type of agreement or resolution reached, date, etc.). All records will have to be kept on file. This will have to be handled according to stage, i.e. will in any case have to start at the village level. If a complaint goes to the second stage, the records will have to be handled over to the GC, which will then be responsible for follow-up. 7.8 Green Light Conditions for Resettlement The following will be adopted for this project before resettlement of PAPs occurs: Land acquisition and involuntary resettlement impacts will be minimized or avoided in as much as possible. Where this is unavoidable, viable, productive land will be chosen and PAPs choice of where to relocate will be a priority and must be respected. Thorough consultations with PAPs will continue throughout the project stages and of importance will be the compensation packages before relocation to be agreed upon by all. Disclosure of information on resettlement, compensation to PAPs and their participation in all stages of planning, implementing and monitoring will be ensured. Special and additional assistance will be given to vulnerable groups in all matters related to resettlement, should this be required, and their situation will be monitored even after resettling. Compensation will be due for all affected amenities which were in place before the official cut-off date. Compensation will be made to all PAPs prior to the takeover of any land by the project; this means that especially for the preparation of the construction site (for which no information of required land was available at the time when this RAP was finalised) an inventory will have to be made quickly, and compensation will have to be fast tracked. Legal Counsel must be available to ensure PAPs rights are respected. A grievance processing mechanism must be in place to redress all disputes involving resettlement issues. Given the impacts caused, no compensation except for agricultural land needs to be made. However, if unexpected cases of loss of livelihood, without the possibility of compensating by providing replacement, land should arise (e.g. within the land required for the construction site), a livelihood restoration program would have to be developed and implemented for these cases.

113 Resettlement Action Plan Page 89 A project implementation unit (PIU) has already been created by LEC to deal solely with this project and ensure that resettlement follows the guidelines as set up in the RPF. PIU will have to be present on site, and will have to offer easy access to the PAPs and to ensure that there is constant contact between the project and the PAPs.

114 Resettlement Action Plan Page 90 8 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT 8.1 Principles of Resettlement Organisation In large infrastructure projects, like projects for power generation, very often a considerable number of persons are directly affected and need to be relocated and/or compensated for their losses. This requires an adequate institutional structure which is capable of dealing with this major task. The principles of such a structure are outlined shortly in this Section, while the next Sections then deal with the specific requirements of Mt. Coffee Project Overall Responsibility Overall responsibility for Resettlement is in any case the Project Proponent s. In practice, however, there will be a specific organisation created for implementing the RAP. This organisation can, but needs not necessarily to be under the direct authority of the Project Proponent Organisation General Organisation Chart A general organisation chart for a resettlement organisation is shown in the following Figure.

115 Resettlement Action Plan Page 91 Panel of Experts Resettlement Advisory Committee Ministry of Finance. Ministry of Land, Mines & Energy Ministry of Justice Project Proponent Members of the private sector Resettlement Unit (RU) Environmental & Social SafeguarsdSpecialist Environmental Officer PAP Community Liaison/Resettlement/Livelihood Officer Public Health Officer Supporting Staff Resettlement Office Village Resttlement Committees Witness NGO Affected Settlement Affected Settlement Affected Settlement Affected Settlement Affected Settlement Figure 8-1: Basic organigram of a Resettlement Organisation The Resettlement Advisory Committee Such a committee is usually required in a project triggering a major resettlement. It will include representatives of the Project Proponent and of key Ministries and other (national and regional) authorities involved in the process. It will often also include donors or financing bodies, who adhere to the international policies on involuntary resettlement. Members of RAG could include the following: Ministries e.g. Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Land, Mines and Energy, Ministry of Agriculture, Land Commission Environmental Policy Agency PAP Representative etc. The role of the RAG includes: review of strategies and results, advice and inform government of possible regulatory or legal actions to take. The RAG will convene at regular intervals during the design and implementation of high activity phases of the

116 Resettlement Action Plan Page 92 RAP to ensure the regular exchange of information among all parties and coordination of all resettlement activities. It is mandatory that the government or ministry representatives be of high authority so that timely implementation of activities are inbuilt in the project and where grievances occur these can be settled quickly. The RAG will be responsible for preparing any terms of reference (TOR) for any further studies that may be identified as required, e.g. the livelihood and income regeneration assessment, which should be carried out at least a year after relocation and then monitored for a period of three years or until the affected people s livelihood is normalised or improved. The PIU Project Manager will provide RAG with progress reports, based on Resettlement Offices activities Resettlement Unit Coordinating and overseeing that resettlement activities are carried out according to the set plan and budget is the task of the Resettlement Unit (RU). The RU will also facilitate in the planning, communicating, carrying out further studies, etc. The RU needs to be staffed according to the size and complexity of the task at hand. A combination of international and local staff can be positive as an element of capacity building of local counterparts is factored in. Where personnel will be required for a short span then expertise can be seconded from the involved government ministries and agencies. The Liaison/Communications Officer (CO) in the RU will be the link to his counterpart at the local level. The RU will also participate in the Grievance Procedure. The RU will produce progress reports on the ongoing activities. It will be responsible for providing the reports to the RAG Panel of Experts (POE) In large projects, especially if financed by multilateral financing institutions who want ensure that their own environmental and social standards are met; usually a panel of independent environmental and social experts will be formed. This POE, in addition to revising all relevant reports, makes regular visits to the project site (usually twice a year during the implementation phase) and reports on its observations Village Resettlement Committees These committees are formed by representatives of the affected communities. They serve as liaison between the RU and the PAPs Organisation Required for Mt. Coffee HPP Project Specific Conditions As was shown in the previous Chapters, the case of Mt. Coffee HPP is a rather simple one due to the following main points: There are no settlements which need to be relocated.

117 Resettlement Action Plan Page 93 There are only a few so-called farm houses within the reservoir area which will be submerged. These, however, are basically just temporary shelters used during work in the fields, and not the living quarters of the affected PAPs. Only a relatively small number of fields were finally identified as being located within the area which will be submerged. Land for land compensation for these in the surroundings of the reservoir will be possible. There is only a small number of critical cases, i.e. plantations (mainly or exclusively rubber) which, while not directly affected by submersion, might suffer from an increase in ground water level, and where therefore a monitoring needs to be carried out in order to decide, at a later stage, if compensation will have to be provided. Overall, this is a rather well defined and comparatively small task. Obviously, for this no large and heavy organisation as outlined above is required. A much simpler structure will be adequate The Project Implementation Unit Liberia Electricity Corporation is the project proponent and as such is responsible for contracting out the rehabilitation of the dam. The Project Implementation Unit (PIU) is already set up to deal with resettlement and other issues tied to MC HHP. The PIU is already staffed with international and local personnel. The PIU has already been set up and is housed at the LEC Headquarters in Monrovia. The PIU, among other tasks, will have the overall responsibility of managing, coordinating and supervising the whole resettlement exercise. For dealing with environmental and social (E&S) issues, the PIU comprises the following personnel: an environmental and social safeguards specialist, who is the head of the E&S group within PIU; a Community Liaison Officer; a Public Health Officer; and an Environmental Officer. Given the rather small task at hand (if it is compared with other hydropower projects, where often thousands or even tens of thousands of persons need to be relocated), this structure and staffing seems adequate. PIU will have to be well represented locally. This is best being done via a local office (within the construction site, to be organised with/by the Owner s Engineer. The E&S officers of PIU will have to be on site regularly and very often. It is of special importance, that the Community Liaison Officer is there regularly and can be contacted by the local population. For this, he/she will need to have regular office hours where the public has access, and these need to be communicated. 8.2 Institutions to be Involved in Resettlement Even if no major resettlement has to be carried out, a number of other actors or stakeholders might sometimes have to be included in the process, on a more or less regular basis. The most important of these are described shortly here.

118 Resettlement Action Plan Page Ministry of Lands, Mines and Energy: This ministry has the responsibility for the development of mineral, water and energy resources in the country. In addition it is charged with being responsible for coordinating, administrating and regulating the use of both public and private land as well as being in charge of land surveys in the whole country. The same ministry administers and regulates mineral resources through granting operation licences, both in land and on the shores hence regulating beach sand mining as well. In close cooperation with the Ministry of Agriculture and the University of Liberia, it conducts training and research on land rehabilitation. Of importance is the provision of energy that is administered by the National Energy Committee, which is based in the ministry Ministry of Public Works This ministry is responsible for all government constructed infrastructure, i.e. roads, bridges, dams, buildings, etc. It ensures the quality and standards of the infrastructures and ensures that construction guidelines and laws are followed Forest Development Authority This is the institution responsible for protecting, managing and conserving governmentowned forests and wildlife therein on a sustainable manner. FDA also manages commercial conservation and communities uses of forests in Liberia. FDA provides the forestry policy, law and administration. The FDA was restructured following the 2006 Forestry Reform Law. The creation of the Department of Conservation now concentrates on and is responsible for development and management of protected areas and wildlife through the Division of National Parks and the Division of Wildlife Ministry of Health and Social Welfare This ministry is responsible for public health and has all the guidelines, policies concerning health. Since health plays an important part in the welfare of people, the health situation as regards infrastructure in the PIZ is wanting. Where health facilities have to be upgraded or constructed, the MOH s standards should be sought Ministry of Agriculture This ministry is responsible for setting guidelines and policies for livestock production, agricultural chemicals and crop production. Agriculture is the most practised activity by PAPs in the project area. Many PAPs have requested that they wish to be trained in improved farming techniques so as to produce more yields and secure food security and to sell excess production to making a living Ministry of Finance The Ministry of Finance (MOF) has the responsibility of balancing the government s finances/budgets. The MOF will disburse the government funds for compensation and all other funds required in implementing the RAP. If funds for the resettlement come from a donor then it is normally the Ministry of Finance that is responsible for these funds. Funds for compensation will be disbursed from the government.

119 Resettlement Action Plan Page Follow-Up of Resettlement A number of activities will have to be undertaken by PIU, where required in cooperating with other ministries. The most important tasks are outlined shortly here Consultation and Disclosure The ESIA report stated that LEC would be responsible for dealing with consultation. The importance of consultation and disclosure is undeniable when dealing with involuntary resettlement. Consultation and disclosure, as far as not carried out by the Consultant in the process of preparation of ESIA and RAP, will be mainly the task of the Community Liaison Officer. His roles will include: Organise and coordinate the settlement/community consultations. Conducting community consultations, if need be. Facilitate at public meetings. Liaise with and brief RAG, as necessary. Consult with community groups affected by the project Preparation of consultation materials Asset and Land Valuation For this RAP asset valuation has largely been carried out, still some minor verifications remain. The PIU will organise for asset valuation in detail. It could engage consultants and enumerators to do this. A method for valuation must be devised and enumerators trained on how it will be used. Register assets of PAPs. Ensure that differentiation is made between individually owned assets and communally owned assets. Ensure that female-headed HHs and vulnerable HHs do not lose their goods and property. Coordinate with Land Commission to ensure that communal land when allotted to PAPs is properly noted Monitoring and Evaluation Internal monitoring is also one of the tasks of the PIU. For this purpose, PIU will set up a database for socio-economic and demographic data and will maintain the database. The database will be for registered PAPs, resettlement and compensation entitlements and status of resettlement and compensation delivery. In as far as possible: Data and registry will be disaggregated to identify female HH heads and vulnerable HHs and monitor gender and change in poverty levels. Relay to the Finance Manager the PAPs who have received compensation. Ensure that both internal and external monitoring groups receive information.

120 Resettlement Action Plan Page 96 Avail monitoring reports to the Panel of Experts in charge of external monitoring Legal Representation Legal Counsel for the PAPs is mandatory in a large resettlement project. An independent Legal Counsel has to be made available to PAPs. The services of legal counsel includes all legal work necessary for effective representation of the interests of PAPs with regard to prompt and fair compensation for lost crops, assets and land. Services also include legal advice during grievance process. In the case of MC PPP, hiring a full time Legal Counsel is certainly not required, However, if a dispute between PAPs and PIU should arise, it is important that PAPs then will be given the possibility of using such a service, at no cost to them. PAPs must be made aware of this entitlement Livelihood Augmentation and Income Restoration The results of the final agricultural survey indicate that only a limited amount of agricultural land will be affected, and that land for land compensation, together with other required support to PAPs (like assistance or payment for preparation of new fields, providing of seedlings) will be possible in all cases. Given this situation, additional efforts for providing alternative livelihood or income restoration do not appear to be required. Nevertheless, the Community Liaison Officer (seconded by the Public Health Officer) will keep track of cases of special hardship, should such cases arise, and will develop and implement measures if required.

121 Resettlement Action Plan Page 97 9 RESETTLEMENT PLAN 9.1 Identification of Impacts The impacts identified have been described in the ESIA Report, Chapter 13, and in this RAP Report, Chapter 4. The identified impacts fall in 2 stages, during construction and operation of the dam. Once the required data on actual reservoir boundaries were available, the second (final) survey showed that project impacts are limited to le loss of agricultural land by the future reservoir. Still, it has to be mentioned that at the time when this Report was prepared, there was as yet no information available on land requirements for and layout of the construction site. It therefore cannot be excluded that this will occupy additional farmland and potentially inhabited areas, which would require the physical location of a number of HHs. For this reason, it will be required hat as soon as construction site layout will be known, PIU will have to proceed at an identification of impacts, and make required compensations in line with the conditions defined in this RAP. It is strongly recommended to check potential impacts of the construction site, i.e. temporary and in part permanent occupation of land outside the reservoir area by the Project. And to make modifications as might be required for avoiding unnecessary impacts on the local population. 9.2 Environmental Concerns and Environmental Management Construction projects have the potential to result in environmental impacts and social impacts to the affected community if appropriate plans and mitigation strategies are not integrated into the resettlement plan. Impacts typically include the following: Increased population density; Decreased access to community infrastructure and social services; and Increased pressure on, decreased availability and degradation of natural resources, especially crop land. One very important aspect which is of specific concern is the fishing activity which is practised by communities on both sides of the river whether within the project area or not. Fishing being both an important economic activity and a nutritional value to the people should be carefully guarded. Ensuring that stocks do not decrease, the ESIA has detailed mitigating measures to this. The following points must be respected: Dam rehabilitation during construction and operation must take into consideration that breeding grounds are not polluted. This aspect must also be applied to any other projects that are ongoing further upstream of the present project site. Monitoring of the fish species should be an ongoing process to keep tabs on whether species are affected in numbers and whether they become contaminated with toxic agents. Fishing grounds in the immediate vicinity of the dam must be demarcated so that no fishing takes place within a certain distance from the power house and other facilities that should be within a marked security zone. This is to ensure safety

122 Resettlement Action Plan Page 98 for the fishermen/women and to ensure that hydropower facilities and equipment are safe and secure. Efforts in this respect have to be coordinated with the work already done for the ESIA and resettlement plan implementation will have to integrate the results of fish species monitoring once this will have been done. Charcoal production has also been found to be a major economic activity within the forests near the project site. It is not anticipated that that once the dam is in operation the activity will be minimized. It is again stressed that forests are barely replenished, so setting up marked areas away from the dam structures, as community forests to be managed by the people will go a long way in forest management. 9.3 Compensation Issues Land Since all the persons using land for agricultural purposes in the reservoir area are squatters using LEC land, no compensation needs to be made for land as such. However, since agriculture is the basis for the livelihood for the majority of the affected persons, and since loss of agriculture is the only relevant project impact from a socioeconomic perspective, replacement land will have to be made available in order to enable the PAPs to re-establish their livelihood and continue with their previous way of life Crops, Cash Crops and Trees Food crops and cash crops/trees will be compensated based on accepted market values of these crops. For trees this will be based on the number of trees per hectare and the average yield per year. Crops will be compensated based on average yield per cycle. In addition, HHs should be availed seeds for planting on new land when acquired, in order to ensure food security. Efforts will have to be made to provide replacement land early enough for avoiding the actual loss of harvests at the moment of reservoir impoundment. In practice this means that land must be available and ready for cultivation one harvest cycle before reservoir filling starts Assistance during Relocation and Transition Period The project/government will provide suitable development assistance for the farms which will have to be relocated. PAPs severely affected due to loss of incomes and means of livelihood will be offered suitable development assistance after relocation during the transition period until they are able to restore their incomes or livelihood standards, or reach the targeted level of HH incomes on a sustainable basis. Presently, for the reservoir no such case has been identified, but it cannot be excluded as yet that such cases might occur for the construction site Livelihood and Income Restoration The main purpose of resettlement efforts is to assure that affected people, after project implementation, are at least not worse off, and if possible in an at least slightly better condition, than they were before the start of the project. In the case of MCHPP, where

123 Resettlement Action Plan Page 99 impacts consist in a loss of cultivated land, and no physical resettlement is required, making available adequate replacement land for cultivation should be sufficient for granting this outcome. Still, should monitoring reveal cases of hardship caused by the project, alternative ways of compensation, possibly by developing alternative livelihood options for these HHs. Would have to be developed. 9.4 Compensation and Development The contact with the population in the project area revealed a number of concerns and needs which would require some type of development input. These aspects will, in their majority, have to be taken care of by a regional development program which is not linked to MCHPP. Nevertheless, in order to offer some kind of compensation for inconveniences associated with the development of the Project, not to directly affected individuals, but rather to the communities, LEC might want to implement or at least start some of these activities. For this reason, the relevant points brought up by and/or discussed with the PAPs are described here shortly Agricultural Support Including Agro-forestry Most of the PAPs interviewed practise agriculture and charcoal production, these being the activities that made them settle in the reservoir area. They underlined that the soils were fertile here and land was just lying idle after the dam broke down. They wished to learn better farming techniques to increase food yields, but also to be able to sell their excess produce to earn an income. PAPs that make charcoal have a ready market for the produce in Monrovia. However, charcoal producers are ignorant of replacing/replanting trees that go towards making their produce. There is therefore a wish to start community forests that the community would manage and use trees that would still earn them an income. An agro-forestry programme has been identified as catering for the needs of farmers and charcoal producers. An NGO, College of Agriculture and Forestry of the University of Liberia, has been identified and a concept paper and note prepared, describing the aims and objectives and the outputs expected. Such a programme might include training of trainers and demonstration farms and it also aims at encouraging farmers to form cooperatives. The programme might also include environmental management and introduction of crops that at the same time increase soil fertility. The concept paper and note are attached in Annex Literacy and Skills Development The level of education in the surveyed villages was found to be low. Most adults either never attended school or had very little formal education. FGDs also revealed that many women want to learn how to read and write. Adult literacy and skills development (e.g. soap making, tailoring, etc.) were identified by the women who also wanted to learn book-keeping so that when they start their businesses they will understand how much they spend and earn on their products. Even those who want to continue with farming want to also learn numeracy as they feel that they missed out and either never finished school or went to school. The youth and men have also identified new skills (auto-mechanic, carpentry, construction). Some have identified improved fishing methods and provision of new

124 Resettlement Action Plan Page 100 equipment and storage facilities. Both fishermen and women want to run fishing as a profitable business without letting fish waste. The knowledge and skills development may thus be divided into the following subcomponents: Other Livelihood Options Education (basic literacy, numeracy and fluency for those who never had access to formal schooling or dropped out too soon). Once education has been received, participants would confidently take an interest in economic activities and other community activities. Business training: This will involve book keeping, savings and credit systems, small and medium business skills. Participants will be encouraged to work in groups, to encourage group responsibility if credit is given. Most of the women already do most of their farming in groups (Wenekai). It is also most likely that women will use their social network to carry out economic activities identified: tailoring, small cottage industries involving soap making, selling prepared food, etc. Marketing skills training (tailoring and handicrafts) for products whose value has been increased. Women have identified what they want to improve themselves and earn a living. Skills training in sewing, handicraft, soap making, running an eatery (local restaurant) after training in cookery (they want to learn new recipes). In effect, enabling cottage industries would be a good way to start. Fishing is a widespread activity in the project area. Facilities for storage are lacking and a central market is also not set up. It would be commendable to establish a fish market at Raymond Camp. Close by a storage facility for fish which would be connected with electricity so that cool storage is available in order to conserve fresh fish. This fish market and storage facility would go a long way in improving fishing as a commercial activity. In conjunction with the Bureau of Fisheries (Ministry of Agriculture) and fisheries stakeholders, monitoring of fish species so as not to deplete stocks is called for. Refer to the ESMP that gives details on Community Fisheries Management. Additionally, fishermen and women pointed out that landing their catch was problematic. Landing sites have to be improved and spread out where the fishermen and women usually land their catch and sell to buyers. These landing sites should also be close to where the fishermen and women smoke their fish. Estimated costs for fisheries has already been estimated in the ESMP and put as follows: Market structure and storage is estimated to cost: USD 10,000 Landing sites: This should be the responsibility of the Municipality and falls under public works. Funding could be obtained from the taxes collected after fish sales.

125 Resettlement Action Plan Page Time Frame and Proposed Schedule The relevant time frame for resettlement is dictated by the schedule for project implementation. The two most important milestones are the following: Start of work on site; this is not restricted to the main work for rehabilitating dam and powerhouse, but includes preparatory work, namely establishment of the construction site with its necessary infrastructure (including offices, living quarters, workshops, burrow and discharge areas, etc.). This is envisaged to start in late All required compensation in the area to be occupied for these activities will have to be made ahead of this. Filling of the reservoir: at this point in time, all land located within the reservoir itself will be submerged and therefore no longer available for agricultural purposes. This is anticipated to take place in late Replacement of land for cultivation will have to be provided before that. In order to reduce compensation costs, it is strongly recommended to start with this replacement as soon as possible. Cost consequences for belated compensation are clearly shown in the budget. Follow-up on the consultations should be the first activities before implementation of the RAP takes off. This consultation process needs to be maintained during the entire period of project and RAP implementation. It is assumed that the resettlement shall be implemented according to OP 4.12 and the principles set forth in this Plan, the most crucial requirements being the following: Adequate Notice: Affected settlements must be given as much notice as early as possible regarding compensation payment and timing. Compensation: Compensation and entitlement payments to HHs will be spaced out and all to avoid overwhelming PAPs, but all must be paid by the time of relocation. Vegetation Clearance: Where clearing of vegetation in reservoir area needs to be done, mechanisms must be in place to ensure that crops have been harvested and that the vegetation clearance is not taken the harvest of the PAPs. Provision of Infrastructure: Access to some of the farms needs to be provided and bridges or boats need to be obtained before reservoir filling starts. Implementation: Resettlement implementation, including the detailed planning steps remaining to be done, is envisaged to last a period of one year, since no settlement will have to be actually relocated. The implementation must be done in such a way that allows for real and meaningful participation of both PAPs and other stakeholders. Follow-up: There must be a follow-up of the resettlement programme which goes beyond mere monitoring. Especially in those cases where a change from old farming methods to modern techniques to increase yields will be the option, training and agroforestry activities need to continue beyond the time span envisaged for resettlement implementation. This also applies to the fisheries activities. Consultations with PAPs: This will be continuous and this is necessary so that the PAPs are involved in all phases and their rights respected. If needed the Legal Counsel will be educating PAPs on their rights as regards resettlement. In addition to the above, it must be stressed that the natural conditions have to be taken into account and respected. It is not possible to carry out certain key activities for the

126 Resettlement Action Plan Page Training ongoing planning and implementation of the RAP (survey, construction of infrastructure, land preparation, etc.) in an effective and efficient way during the heavy rainy season, which is long. Emphatically, the harvesting cycle has to be respected, and this is related to the rainy season; finally the reservoir can only be filled during the rainy season. If the schedule should be followed, it is crucial that time is of essence and is very limited. If the activities do not start as shown in the schedule then it will mean that some activities would only start at the very beginning of the raining season, and would therefore have to wait for the next dry season, which is short. It should be borne in mind that the rainy season normally takes eight months, at the most. The PIU has already hired both international experts and local personnel. The international personnel are mostly there on a part time basis with the exception of the Project Director and Director for Administration and Environmental and Social Safeguards. It has been stressed that local staff s capacity has to be built so that resettlement tasks are carried out confidently and effectively. This international expert should be able to train the local counterpart in the RU. The recruited staff for the RO will also need training to perfect their skills. It is left to the PIU to ensure that their skills upgrading is taken care of. Use of external consultants who have the required skills could be engaged to give the training. The Owner s Engineer is responsible to ensure that a coherent and comprehensive approach is taken to the rehabilitation, modernization and improvement measures for the project, while at all times making effective and efficient use of the resources of the Government of Liberia, the Liberia Electricity Corporation and the international donors. The Owner s Engineer will provide complete, comprehensive and professional consulting services for the project preparation as well as support services to LEC s Mount Coffee Project Implementation Unit (PIU) is not yet known. However, they will have a person in charge of environmental and social issues, who will also have to participate in all activities related to resettlement and compensation. 9.7 Implementation of the Compensation Process Compensation for Submerged Farmland and Crops Reservoir Area 14.6 ha of farmland are located within the reservoir are and need to be compensated. Presently, the Ministry of Land, Mines and Energy, together with the Land Commission and the Ministry of Justice, is in the process of identifying acres (20 40 ha) of land in the project area, which can serve as replacement for submerged farmland. The following conditions will have to be met in the replacement process: Replacement must be of the same type (in terms of size and quality) as the lost land. Replacement must be in the vicinity of the affected farmer s home. Since most of the lost land are river gardens, where vegetables are produced, and where pump irrigation with water from the river is possible, replacement should

127 Resettlement Action Plan Page 103 offer the same possibilities (i.e. preferably be located on the shorelines of the reservoir. A few affected plots are rubber plantations. Replacement land must be suitable for this purpose. A contract will have to be made with every affected farmer, which clearly specifies compensation on a case by case basis. Land will have to be prepared for cultivation prior to be handed over to the farmer or payment has to be made to the farmer for doing this work. All compensation will have to be done before submersion of the reservoir (which is planned to take place in December 2015). Land will have to be available early enough for avoiding the loss of a harvest. If this is not the case, lost harvests will have to be compensated. In addition, it is recommended that LEC negotiates some kind of compensation with the affected communities (e.g. by providing some land to be used or allocated to farmers by the communities, or by offering some other type of support. A certain amount for such activities in included in the budget Construction Site At the time of finalising this report, no layout of the construction site was available as yet. However, it is obvious that this will be near the main construction site (area of dam breach and powerhouse), with possibly some parts close to the floodgates. The construction site will inevitably occupy some land outside the reservoir area. Detailed planning will have to be done for this taking into account the following principles: Avoid as far as possible the occupation of farmland. Avoid as far as possible conflicts with built-up areas; so far no resettlement in the sense of physical relocation of houses is required, and efforts should be made to keep it that way. Unavoidable occupation of land used in any way, or of other assets, will have to be compensated in the same way as described above for the reservoir area. No land shall be taken over by the Project before an agreement with the present owner or user has been reached, and compensation has been made Follow-up for Land at Risk The farmland survey revealed that a certain number of rubber plantations, (approximately 6 ha), which are located just above FSL, might be at risk from a rise in the groundwater table. If the soils are permanently waterlogged, this might kill the trees on the land affected in this way. It will be required to monitor the plantations at risk in the following way: To be done by a specialist for rubber plantations. A pre-impoundment assessment will have to be done for identifying the condition (age, productivity, type of exploitation) of the trees. This is important

128 Resettlement Action Plan Page 104 to prevent any damage to trees already present (e.g. caused by mismanagement) to be allocated to the project. One check per year; if this reveals damage to trees caused by the project, compensation will have to be made. If about 5 years after impoundment no such damage, and especially no death of trees caused by high ground water level, will have occurred, then a negative impact of the project can be excluded, and monitoring will be discontinued Public Participation Grievances The public participation process will have to be continued throughout the compensation process. This requires the following: Presence of a PIU representative (community outreach officer) on site, with defined hours where he/she can be contacted; this must be communicated to the PAPs. Carrying out of regular meetings at the community level, were information on project progress will be provided, and questions of inhabitants of the area will be answered. Regular consultation with community leaders. All PAPs must have the possibility to deposit a complaint if they deem it necessary. Such cases could occur, e.g., in the following situations: A farmer receiving compensation for submerged land does not agree with the type of compensation he will be given. A farmer who has received land for compensation is not satisfied by the quality of the land. A farmer with farmland outside the reservoir, which was not identified as at risk from indirect effects cause by the reservoir, claims to suffer such damages. A field or plantation which was not identified at the time of the survey, but which then turns out to be within the reservoir (provided it was established before the cut-off date, see following Section). All these complaints will have to be received and dealt with as described in Section 7.7 the PAPs must be informed on this possibility Cut-off Date The cut-off date was April 8 th, 2013, when the second farmland survey was carried out. It has been announced in the newspaper (See Annex 2.11) as well as orally to the communities and on radio. Any field, plantation or structure established after this date will not be eligible for compensation. However, if a farmer can plausibly argue that his field was there at the time of the survey, but was overlooked at the time of the survey, it would have to be included in the list of assets requiring compensation.

129 Resettlement Action Plan Page MONITORING AND REPORTING 10.1 Types of Monitoring The planning and implementation activities for resettlement will be monitored to ensure that the process is carried out fairly and in accordance with the provisions of this plan. There will be two kinds of monitoring: Progress monitoring: this is an ongoing process during the entire RAP implementation phase. Its aim is to verify, in a timely manner, whether the work done is on track, i.e. according to the plan and in line with the time schedule, and to propose corrective actions to be taken if this should not be the case. Outcome monitoring: this will have to be started once implementation is well under way, and it will end when the relevant parties are satisfied that the aims of the resettlement exercise, namely to prevent PAPs from being negatively affected by the Project and to suffer impoverishment, have been achieved Monitoring Activities and Reporting Monitoring will consist in internal and external monitoring. Internal monitoring will be the obligation of the PIU. First of all, this will be the progress monitoring, which needs to be done on a continuous basis, keeping in mind that a delay in resettlement implementation will result in an increase of costs, if not in a delay in implementing the Project as such. Its findings will be reflected in the regular (presumably monthly and quarterly) reports, which will be made available to the authorities in charge. External monitoring will be the responsibility of the Panel of Experts (PoE). Such a panel was already put in place by LEC. One member of this Panel is a specialist for environmental and social issues, and he/she will be in charge of external monitoring of E&S issues. Besides progress monitoring, this will mainly also focus on outcome monitoring. The involvement of the PoE will presumably consist of two site visits per year during the construction period, and for a certain period beyond (which should be up to two years after commissioning) in order to make sure that all obligations towards the PAPs will have been fulfilled and the aims of the RAP will have been reached. The PoE will prepare a detailed report after each site visit, which will be addressed to LEC and distributed to the lenders and other interested parties Monitoring Indicators In preparation of this RAP, the Consultant has set up a database of all interviewed PAPs captured in the socio-economic survey and on all farmland inventoried. The data collected there will serve as the baseline for the outcome monitoring. Monetary incomes need to be factored in and this would make up a set of indicators that should be defined in agricultural and non-agricultural sources. Additionally, questions on household assets and equipment, food security and household expenditures were covered during the survey. The quantitative indicators emanating from questions on monetary incomes and welfare indicators should allow for crosschecking of data about living standards.

130 Resettlement Action Plan Page 106 Monitoring indicators largely come from baseline data defining a measurable characteristic of the project monitored. Monitoring then aims at defining its state at the particular time of its observation, and to compare it with a previously defined standard. In this resettlement project, social and economic characteristics form the great majority of indicators. The indicators may include the following: Agriculture and Forestry: food production and marketing: Fisheries o Crop production (tonnage or stands per hectare and land use type). o Livestock per household, including poultry. o Farmers cooperatives/groups, involvement of women. o Tree production (number of trees per hectare and type). o Agro-forestry farms (number) o Tools, equipment and frequency of replacement o Fish catch (numbers in batches and species) o Fish consumed at home o Fish sold for income o Equipment used and quality, frequency of acquiring new gear. Education: Health: o Where applicable, primary and basic enrolment levels by gender. o Secondary (and possibly tertiary) enrolment levels by gender. o Pupil/teacher ratio. o Distance to primary school. o Availability of and distance to safe drinking water and sanitation. o Incidence of main diseases/gender/age. o Death rates of main diseases/gender/age. o Trained health staff/catchment population. o Distance to health centre. o Child nutrition: height for age (stunting), weight for age (wasting). o Possibly incidence of HIV/AIDS and of other STDs by gender and age. Household economy: o Housing, quality of roof, walls, floor. o Road to next settlement, footpath, dust/motor road. o Income per household. o Indebtedness o Capacity building, skills / vocational training. o Community infrastructure. o Improvement in production/income for women/youths.

131 Resettlement Action Plan Page INVENTORY OF COMPENSATION 11.1 Costs Not Included Farmland: All that farmland in the reservoir under cultivation by the PAPs is LEC land. From interviews, some PAPs have indicated that when joining a community (host), there is normally community land which can be allocated for agriculture but no cash crops can be grown on this land. As private persons, some PAPs also indicated that the government being the custodian of land in Liberia can help in identifying available land and giving it to the people. Should government need to negotiate with a community for land, then it will be the government that will bear the costs. Furthermore it was not possible to determine in detailed the costs for the compensation of the areas, which will be used for the construction site. Therefore a lump sum amount has been included Agricultural Compensation Cost Approach As majority of PAPs are practising agriculture in the reservoir area, the most important assets for them are crops and cash crops/trees grown here. These will be lost even though they are now aware that the land in the reservoir area belongs to LEC. Cost estimates for these have been made based on the unit price per hectare and estimated hectare production using the prices obtained from the MOA for biennial (sugarcane, cassava, plantains, pineapples) and annual crops (vegetables/pepper, corn and rice). Note: both, biennial and annual crops could still be harvested before the reservoir area is impounded and therefore they need only to be compensated if the PAPs will actually lose a crop due to impoundment. It is important that replacement land is allocated at least one year before actual relocation (or impoundment of the land), so that the next biennial crop can be planted at the new site while the harvest at the original site is still ongoing. If this can be achieved, no compensation will be due for lost crops. However, if a harvest is lost due to impoundment, compensation will have to be paid. Furthermore, compensation should be paid for the additional efforts the farmers have to prepare the land for cultivation. The following calendar shows the harvesting and cropping times for different kinds of crops planted in the project area. As can be seen most of the annual and biennial crops are harvested between October and December. Taking into account flow characteristic of the river, filling of the reservoir in December will take 6 days under average flow conditions and a maximum of 18 days under low flow conditions. Therefore, to be able to keep the date for the first power generation of Mt Coffee HPP, as planned according to the present schedule, on December 15 th, 2015, the impoundment needs to start before December, This means that PAPs need to be informed well in advance that they have to harvest their fields. Obviously, this information must be communicated at the beginning of the planting season, i.e. before April of the same year.

132 Resettlement Action Plan Page 108 Crops Oil palm Banana Cassava Cocoa Coffee Corn Pepper Pineapple Plantain Rice upland Rice low land Rubber Sugarcane Vegetable 1 st season Vegetable 2 nd season Sowing / Planting period Harvesting Period Rainy season MONTHS Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Figure 11-1: Croping calendar in the project area Note: The columns highlighted in green represents all agronomical activities (nursery or sowing, planting, weeding, and fertilization) up to the maturity of the crop, while the yellow represents harvesting period. Compensation for trees has been worked out by multiplying the number of trees owned by PAPs and the unit price of the tree in various stages of production; and the number of years it takes to replace the tree. For example, a rubber tree that has been planted in 2012 will be newly planted after resettlement in 2014, so the owner loses two years of harvesting, while a rubber tree planted in 2000 is already mature and in full production. If the farmer loses this tree he has to wait another six years before he gets full production from a new tree, therefore he will get compensation for 6 years for the loss of his mature tree, equivalent to 100% production that he forgoes. Tree types have been grouped in ages and it is the years of loss of production that determine the compensation amount as per tree type. The trees are important as they produce cash income for the PAPs. It is therefore necessary that they will be allocated land where planting of perennial (tree) crops is permitted. A mere cash compensation for a number of years of lost production will not be adequate as a replacement for their tree crops. Certain trees e.g. rubber do not produce after 30 years, so PAPs having such an old tree will be allowed to salvage any material from the tree that could be useful to them before the reservoir area is impounded. Again the prices used are based on prices received from the MOA. A count was made of the number of farmers cultivating a particular crop or tree type, so the total number of farmers was obtained for each specific crop or tree type. In addition, the total hectare of land in the reservoir area on which the specific crop or tree type was grown was determined. It should be mentioned that the hectares of the total amount per crop have been rounded up to one digit behind the comma.

133 Resettlement Action Plan Page Compensation Prices for Damaged Economic Crops The list of prices for economic crops damaged during development projects separates the prices related to crop type and productivity. The following Table shows the prices for crops and trees identified in the project area during the survey. Table 11-1: Compensation prices for economic crops No. Crop Unit Prices per Unit of Crop in Production (100%) in [USD] Prices per Unit of Immature Crop in Production (50%) in [USD] 1 Rubber Tree Cocoa Tree Coffee Tree Oil Palm Tree Plantain/Banana Tree Cassava Stand/Hill Sugar Cane Stand Pineapple Head Vegetables/pepper Stand/Tree Corn Stand Market price of rice 50 kg bag Source: Ministry of Agriculture Note: The final list on compensation prices for economic crops developed by the Ministry of Agriculture will be placed in Annex 5.1 as soon as it is available. The prices may need to be updated as required when the 2013 MOA list is announced Compensation for Annual Crops, if Required Compensation for annual crops that will be lost will be paid in USD at the set rate as given from the MOA, and this will cover a year s harvest, if the PAP s are not anymore able to harvest their annual crops before impoundment. Certain assumptions have been made. They are the following for annual crops. For vegetables, it is estimated that one plant occupies 1 m 2 For corn, 4 plants occupy 1 m 2 The compensation was worked out by multiplying the unit price by the number of plants per hectare and then by the total hectare area occupied by the crop. The following Table indicates the annual crop values for the farmers in the reservoir area. Table 11-2: Compensation costs for annual crops, if required Crop Vegetables / pepper (1 plant per 1 m 2 ) Number of Farmers Total of hectare Price per plant Production per hectare Unit price per hectare USD Value of tot. harvest USD Corn (4 plants per 1 m 2 ) Total costs

134 Resettlement Action Plan Page Compensation for Biennial Crops, if Required Compensation for the biennial crops has been worked out as follows: the unit price per crop to get the hectare production occupied by the crop multiplied by the total hectare area. The unit price of crop production (100%) has been used for these crops. Certain assumptions have been made and these include the following: Monoculture of plantain/banana: 1 stand per 4 m 2 Banana/plantain intercropped: 1 stand per 16 m 2 In some cases the number of stands have been estimated or counted in the field. Table 11-3: Compensation costs for plantain/banana, if required Crop Banana/plantain (1 plant per 4 m 2 ) Banana/plantain intercropped (1 plant per 16m 2 ) Number of Farmers Total of hectare Price per plant No. of plants Value of tot. harvest USD per year Counted plantains/bananas Total cost Cassava: a plant occupies 2 m 2 Sugarcane: two plants on 1 m 2 Pineapple: Number of pine-apples were counted or estimated. Table 11-4: Compensation costs for biennial crops, if required Crop Cassava (1 plant per 2 m 2 ) Sugar cane (2 plants per 1 m 2 ) Pineapple (counted/estimated) Plantain/banana See Table 11-2 Number of Farmers Total of ha Price per plant No. of plants Production per ha Unit price per ha USD Value of tot. harvest USD per year Total biennial crop Compensation for Perennial Crops Compensation for trees that are also cash crops was determined as follows: The value of annual crop of the tree multiplied by the number of years it takes to re-grow the tree to a productive stage, deducting the years the farmer is still able to harvest the existing crop. Only the lost harvest has been taken into account for compensation costs. Meaning

135 Resettlement Action Plan Page 111 compensation costs depend strongly on the year when the PAPs are able to start regrowing their cash crop. So e.g., if the farmer receives the land in the year 2013 he is able to plant the new cash crop already, allowing new one to grow while he is still able to harvest the existing one. This clearly means that an early allocation of replacement land will reduce the period of crop loss and therefore the compensation costs can still harvest old plantations start of production Indicating the start of the new plantation Impoundment date of reservoir Rubber trees need 6 years to be productive Productive rubber trees Years of compensation Figure 11-2: Example for compensation of cash crop The age of rubber trees was determined during the survey, and the calculation of compensation for these trees took the following conditions into account: Trees younger than six years are not yet in production and that is why owners of these will be compensated USD 3 per tree Trees older than six are mature and will be compensated USD 6 per tree, 100% of crop in production. Trees older than 30 will not be compensated since they are out of production. Furthermore trees within the reservoir area can not be older than 23 years. The following assumptions have been made related to cocoa trees: Trees younger than 4 years are not yet in production that s why they will be compensated USD 3 per tree Trees older than 4 years are mature and should be compensated 100 % at USD 6 per tree. The following assumptions have been made related to coffee trees: Coffee trees older than 5 years are assumed to be mature and will be compensated 100% at USD 6 per tree The following assumptions have been made related to oil palms: Oil palms older than 4 years are assumed to be mature and will be compensated 100% at USD 6 per tree The following Table shows the compensation costs in USD worked out for the various tree types and years of crop losses.

136 Resettlement Action Plan Page 112 No. Tree type Table 11-5: Compensation costs for tree crops No of Farmers Year planted Age of tree Total ha Total No. Of trees Unit cost (USD) Planting in 2014 Planting in 2015 Planting in 2016 Years of Years of Years of crop loss Compensation crop loss Compensation crop loss Compensation 5 Rubber Rubber Rubber Sub-Total Cocoa Cocoa 1 >2008 > Sub-Total Oil Palm and older 3 and older Sub-Total Total Furthermore about 5.64 ha of rubber plantations are at risk to be influenced by the raising ground water table. Monitoring of these plantations will have to be carried out. Compensation will have to be paid if this monitoring shows that theses plantations were damaged due to the project. Money for this compensation is included in the budget. Table 11-6: Reserve for compensation costs for tree crops No. Tree type No of Farmers Total ha Total No. Of trees Unit cost (USD) Years of crop loss Compensation Rubber

137 Resettlement Action Plan Page Compensation for Shelters /Farm Houses The shelters and farm houses within the reservoir area are usually build out of wood with palm leaves as roof, since those are easy and fast to rebuild, when moving to another area for farming. In general they are only used during cropping and harvesting season. Currently not all of these shelters have been documented, but it is assumed that about 20 of these shelters could be located within the reservoir area. A compensation of 100 USD should be paid for the effort to rebuild those shelters at a new location. Table 11-7: Costs for shelters/farm houses in the project area Replacement costs for houses Estimated no. of shelters Rate (USD) Total Allowances Allowances for the farm replacement A replacement allowance for the PAPs which have to relocate there farms has to be provided by the project, which should be in the amount of USD 100 per farmer. There are 69 farmers in total. The total cost of USD will be availed for this item. Table 11-8: farm replacement allowances Replacement Allowance (USD) No. of Farmers Rate (USD)/HH Total Other Compensation Issues In addition to the above mentioned compensation cost it will be necessary to include a lump sum amount of USD into the budget, to be able to guarantee the access to farmland. After impoundment the access will have to be checked and the necessary infrastructure (bridge, boat) will have to be implemented. Furthermore it will be necessary to provide a boat (ferry) for transfer from Zakama to Raymond Camp, to guarantee equality of job opportunities on both sides of the river. This is required since especially during the rainy season the crossing of the river is not possible. Therefore an additional amount of USD should be allocated for a boat at this place.

138 Resettlement Action Plan Page RESETTLEMENT BUDGET 12.1 Draft Budget The budget for resettlement includes all the compensation amounts for the PAPs who will lose their crops and trees in the reservoir area. Specifications of these losses are described in Chapter 11. Table 12-1: Draft resettlement budget for MC HPP Item Crop Compensation Costs receiving land 2014 Total (USD) receiving land 2015 receiving land 2016 a) Annual crops ' b) Biennial crops ' ' c) Perennial crops 35' ' ' d) Reserve for critical rubber farms 91' ' ' e) Monitoring of critical rubber farms for 5 years 10' ' ' f) Lump-sum amount for the construction site 80' ' ' Various Other Compensations Shelter compensation cost 2' ' ' Farm replacement allowances 6' ' ' Infrastructure for access to the farms 20' ' ' Boat for transfer (Zakama - Raymond Camp) 10' ' ' Sub-total: Total Compensation Costs 256' ' ' Contingency 5% 12' ' ' Unallocated Funds (10%) 25' ' ' Grand Total Compensation and Allowances 294' ' ' Institutional Costs (annual) Years Legal Counsel 4 50' ' ' LAIR Activities PAPs' Agriculture Training 4 129' ' ' Other LAIR Activities 4 100' ' ' Sub-total 2: Institutional Costs 279' ' ' Contingency 5% 13' ' ' Unallocated Funds (10%) 27' ' ' Grand Total Institutional 321' ' ' Overall Resettlement budget 616' ' '021' Note: the condition is that land needs to be allocated at the beginning of the year (to allow for land preparation and planting in time). A lump sum amount has been included for the construction site area, since the layout was still under preparation. Here it was assumed that approximately 1 km 2 will need to be used as construction site at the powerhouse area and about 1km 2 will be used on

139 Resettlement Action Plan Page 115 Buzzel Quarter Island. Within these areas about m 2 are used for agriculture. Therefore USD have been included to cover the crop compensation (about 2 USD/m 2 ) and any other allowances. This will have to be verified in the next step of project and resettlement planning. An assumption has been made on the institutional costs presented in the budget. Some activities will have a longer duration, bearing in mind that the relocation of farms has to be monitored and followed up to ensure that PAPs lives are improving. Items include: Legal Counsel. Especially the monitoring has to go beyond the finalisation of resettlement. The other activities will take a shorter duration. Explanations to the budget items: LAIR activities, in order to offer some kind of compensation for inconveniences associated with the development of the Project, not to directly affected individuals, but rather to the communities an amount of USD has been included into the total budget. As part of LAIR activities, the agriculture training might start with training of trainers (TOT) with 10 PAPs to start with, for a period of 2.5 weeks. This could be followed up with on the ground training in groups of 10 or more until all PAPs interested in better techniques and agro-forestry are captured. Together with the monitoring, cooperative formation and demonstration farms, it will be carried out over a period of 4 years. (See Chapter 9 and Annex 5 for information on agro-forestry training). An alternative LAIR program could consist in hiring a number of PAPs on the construction site and give them a training (as masons, carpenters etc.). In this way they would acquire skills which are in high demand in the country. Legal Counsel: The amount estimated covers cost for legal advice if needed. The direct costs of salaries of PIU/RU staff to be recruited has not been included, as PIU was already recruiting and hiring these and it is assumed that the costs are already covered by the government or a donor. Furthermore the costs for the PoE have not been included. Neither have costs for upgrading e.g. the Raymond Camp health facility or other social infrastructure that might have to be upgraded to avoid congestion due to new incoming settlers. The above items presented in the resettlement budget may change depending on the results of verification on the ground Contingencies and Flexibility Contingency has been put at 5% of the total of the entire resettlement budget. This 5% will be used as buffer and can also be used to cover conflicts that are not solved at the lower levels but end up in courts. It is appropriate that there is a portion of Unallocated Funds that can be used on the basis of lessons learned during the project period. This gives flexibility to a project that has to be done right according to OP 4.12 standards. It may also be wise to shift more funds to this heading rather than specifying them from the start. The use of the Unallocated Funds can be approved during the review of the project and should be no more than 10% of the budget.

140 Resettlement Action Plan Page Conclusions and Recommendations As mentioned several times in the Report, there are two items which have a major influence on final resettlement costs, namely: uncertainty on areas which are actually located in the future reservoir, i.e. which will be submerged at impoundment; and timing of allocation of replacement land for agriculture, and especially for perennial crops. The topographical survey has a horizontal accuracy of ± 5 meters and a vertical accuracy is ± 3 meters and since there are still some small uncertainties related to the influence on increased ground water the final impact on farmland will have to be checked after impoundment of the reservoir. The second important condition is the timing of allocation of replacement land for perennial (tree) crops. It has to be pointed out that usually community land allocated for cultivation may not be used for planting of trees; this is also due to the fact that the use right can be revoked by the community at any time, which makes the investment for planting trees unsafe. It is therefore important, that PAPs losing tree plantations are allocated replacement land with permit to plant trees and a guarantees use right of at least 30 years. As has been shown clearly, early allocation of such land will result in a considerable reduction of compensation costs.

141 Resettlement Action Plan Page ANNEXES

142 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 118 ANNEX 1: AFFECTED POPULATION A1.1 HDI Indicators for Liberia The most up to date data for socio-economic indicators for Liberia are in the UNDP Human Development Report, 2011, which publishes the Human Development Index (HDI), which is a broader definition of well-being and gives a composite measure of three basic dimensions of human development: health, education and income, replacing the conventional measures of national development, e.g. income and rate of economic growth which were used before. Liberia s HDI is at 0.329, which gives it the rank of 182 out of 187 countries when its data is compared to other countries. Liberia s HDI was at in For Sub- Saharan Africa as a region, the HDI increased from in 1980 to today. This places Liberia well below the regional average. Liberia s HDI value for health stands at 0.580, value for education is at 0.439, while that for income stands at These HDI values depict a slight improvement from last year. The socio-economic indicators for the country, where data is available are also shown in the following Tables. Table 13-1: Human Development Indicators Indicators Values Health: Life expectancy at birth (years) : 56.8 Expenditure on health, public (% of GDP) : 2.8 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) : 112 Health index (life expectancy) : Education: Education index (expected and mean years of schooling) : Public expenditure on education (% of GDP) : 2.8 Expected years of schooling (of children under 7) (years) : 11.0 Adult literacy rate, both sexes (% aged 15 and above) : 59.1 Mean years of schooling (of adults over 25) years ; 3.9 Combined gross enrolment in education (both sexes), % : 65.3 Income: GNI per capita in PPP terms (constant 2005 international $) : 265 GDP per capita in PPP terns (constant 2005 international $) : 360 Income index (GNI per capita) : Demography: Population, total both sexes (thousands). 4,128 Population, urban (% of population: 48.2 Population, female (thousands): 2, Population, male (thousands) : 2, Gender: Population with at least secondary education (Ration of women to male rates) : Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women aged 15-19) : Labour force participation rate (Ratio of female to male shares) : Shares in parliament, female-male ratio : Maternal mortality ratio (deaths of women per 100,000 live births) : 990 Source: UNDP Human Development Report, 2011, Sustainability and Equity: A better Future for All New York, USA, 2011, website:

143 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 119 A1.2 Socio-Economy Basic Indicators The socio-economic indicators from the latest UNDP Human Development Report (HDR), 2011 show an improvement in some sectors from the 2008 indicators for Liberia in general. According to the HDR Liberia is ranked 182 on the Human Development Index (HDI) with a value of 0.329, thus falling in the Low Human Development category, but this is an improvement from 2010 ranking by one place. Population has grown, and with it the number of people living below the national poverty line has decreased. However, the health indicators show a deteriorating situation with an increase of people with infectious diseases and government spending on health as a percentage of GDP also going down. Government spending on the education sector has increased, albeit the constant percentage of student enrolment at the different levels of education. The HDI index trend for Liberia has been in 1995, in 2000 to the present % of the population is vulnerable to poverty while 57.5% are vulnerable to severe poverty. The poor who are deprived of environmental services are as follows: 33.5% are deprived of clean water, 78.9% of the population don t have access to improved sanitation, while 83.9% have no access to modern fuels. For the years , the proportion of the population living below the national poverty line was 63.8%. This should have improved now with the return of a number of Liberians from the USA and the beginning of a semblance to democracy. Table 13-2: Socio-economic indicators Social Indicators Economic Indicators HDI Goss National Income per capita PPP$ 240 Population in millions (2011) 4.1 GDP in USD in billions Average annual population growth, %, GDP per capita in USD Population below national poverty line, %, GDP per capita, PPP in USD, (2009) Population in severe poverty, %, % Average annual Growth rate GDP per capita, ( ) Health: (2009) Life expectancy at birth (Years) HIV prevalence (% ages15-24), 2009, Female HIV prevalence (% ages15-24), 2009, Male Incidence of TB per 100,000, (2009) Population under 5 suffering from stunting, Pop under 5 suffering from wasting, Infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births under 5 mortality rate, 2009 Adult mortality rate per 1,000 people, 2009, Fema. Adult mortality rate per 1,000, 2009, Male Undernourished % of total population, % of total health expenditure, public, Deaths due to malaria per million people Commitment to health, per capita PPP USD 29.4 Maternal mortality ratio, number live births/100, Govt spending on health % of GDP 13.2

144 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 120 Education: (2010) Mean years of schooling (years) 3.9 Expected years of schooling (years) 11.0 Tertiary enrolment ratio(%), , Gross Adult literacy rate (% ages 15 and older) 59.1 Education enrolment (%) Primary enrolment ratio (%) 90.6 Secondary enrolment ratio (%), Govt spending on education % of GDP 13.2 Water and Sanitation: (2008) Access to improved sanitation (%) Urban (2008) Rural (2008) Access to improved water (%) Urban (2008) Rural (2010) Imports and Exports: (2008) Imports of goods & services (% of GDP) 173 Export of goods & services (% of GDP) 31 Overseas Development Assistance: (2009) ODA received in USD (millions) Per capita Per cent of GDP 78.3 Net direct investment inflows (% of GDP) 24.9 Debt service as percent of GNI 8.7 Internally displaced persons (2010), thousands 23.0 Remittance inflows (% of GDP), Energy Consumption: Traditional fuel consumption (% of total energy requirements).... Gender Related Development Index: Energy consumption per capita, kilowatt-hours.... Energy Sources: Population with at least secondary ed, %, Female 15.7 Total primary energy supply (Mt of oil equiv.) Population with at least secondary ed,, %, Male 39.2 Coal % Oil % Labour force participation rate (%), 2009, Female 66.6 Natural gas % Labour force participation rate (%), 2009, Male 75.8 Hydro, solar, wind, geothermal % Biomass % Seats in Parliament held by women (% female) 13.8 Nuclear %.. Source: UNDP Human Development Report, 2011, Sustainability and Equity: A better Future for All New York, USA, 2011, website: and earlier years ( ) and the World Bank s website for indicators:

145 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 121 ANNEX 2: CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION A2.1 Official Project Announcement The Consultant published a Notice of Intent in two Liberian newspapers for three days (the Inquirer and the New Dawn 2 nd, 5 th and 6 th March, 2012)

146 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 122 A2.2 Mass Meeting in Raymond Camp and List of Participants The first mass meeting with local community dwellers in the Mount Coffee Hydro Power Project area took place at the Raymond Town Palaver Hut on Thursday, February 23, An estimated number of 70 persons attended the meeting. The meeting started with the introduction of the team interacting with the community residents e.g. Mitchell Kumbelay (Forestry Specialist), E. Blamo Robinson (Communication Specialist), Albert Thompson (Agriculture Specialist), Victor Pouomogne (Fishery Specialist) and Britta Lammers (Biodiversity Specialist and Deputy Team Leader). In addition it was explained to the population that additional experts will come to carry out their assessment (Socio-economist, Health Expert, Botanist, etc.) Furthermore Mr Matthew F. Konai from Liberian Electricity Corporation participated. An introduction to what the rehabilitation of the Mount Coffee Hydro project entails was given by Ms. Britta Lammers, the Deputy Manager of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for the rehabilitation of Mount Coffee. It was announced that an environmental and social impact assessment will be carried out for the purpose of gauging both positive and negative effects that the project could generate on the population and the environment in the project area. Ms. Britta Lammers stated that since the dam broke down in August 1990 and the subsequent looting and vandalization of the facility, plans are afoot to rehabilitate the hydro power plant consisting of the dam, the powerhouse, the substation and the reservoir. Ms. Lammers told that the project area would be divided into different zones which include directly affected and indirectly affected areas. She announced an upcoming mass community meeting to collect first hand accurate data from the ground in order to effectively address the concerns, problems and other unforeseen circumstances that may have some bearing on the rehabilitation of the Mount Coffee Hydro Power Plant. Following the brief summary of what the project is about and what is involved in the process of rehabilitating it, the communications expert E. Blamo Robinson chaired the next part of the meeting. Direct interaction with the community dwellers were commented. The communities had the opportunity of expressing their concerns regarding the rehabilitation work, putting forward suggestions that may help in mitigating some of the concerns and comments. Concerns Raised The local population expressed fears and concerns regarding the future rehabilitation of the hydro power plant i.e.: loosing their farm lands; displacement to areas that they may not desire; denial of access to their daily livelihood; reduced access to forest land. Needs Required compensation for farmland and crops that will be affected by the hydro project; the inclusion of women in the work force for the rehabilitation of the plant;

147 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 123 community residents be given preference for hiring of human resource for plant rehabilitation; electric power be provided for local communities/residents when the hydro plant becomes operational and streets lights be installed in the project area; skill and vocational training in electricity be provided to locals for empowerment and subsequent absorption into the LEC work force at Mount Coffee. status of clinic in the project area be raised to that of an health centre; junior high school in the area be elevated to senior high school with living quarters for staff; building materials be provided to assist the reconstruct of their residences; installation of pipe borne water pumps; construction of a detention facility to dissuade the frequent commission of crimes. Construction of community town hall in project area. Action applauded The rehabilitation of the Mount Coffee hydro power plant. Before the community meeting ended, comment and suggestion forms were given to the deputy commissioner of the area for onward distribution to other community dwellers who couldn t attend the meeting. The forms are expected to be collected in the shortest possible time.

148 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 124 Table 13-3: List of Participants in Raymon Camp

149 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 125

150 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 126

151 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 127 A2.3 Mass Meeting in Arthington, Gbandi and List of Participants The second mass meeting with local community dwellers in the Mount Coffee Hydro Project area took place on Monday March 5, 2012 at Arthington a township located upstream from the damaged hydro power plant based at Mount Coffee in the township of Harrisburg. The meeting was attended by the special assistant to the Mayor of Arthington City in Gbande Town located on the outskirts of Arthington, where public meetings of such nature are usually held. 69 Persons participated at the meeting. The township is home to about 14 ethnic groups in Liberia, namely: Gola, Kpelle, Belle, Lorma, Kissi, Gio, Mano, Bassa, Krahn, Mandingo, Vai, Grebo, Mende and Kru. The meeting started with the introduction of the present team, Mitchell Kumbelay (Forestry Specialist), E. Blamo Robinson (Communication Specialist), Albert Thompson (Agriculture Specialist), Thomas Langer (ESIA Specialist) and Britta Lammers (Biodiversity Specialist and Deputy Team Leader). In addition it was explained to the population that additional experts will come to carry out their assessment (Socio-economist, Health Expert, Botanist, etc.) in the project area. A short description of the project, the project area and the current stage of the project was given by Ms. Britta Lammers. One of the main concerns was, that the population had heard that another river would be diverted into the St. Paul river. Therefore the people thought that the reservoir area would be larger than before and additional villages would have to be relocated. The consultant explained that the dam height and the full supply level of the reservoir would not change and as long these characteristics of the HPP are not changed the area the reservoir will stay the same as before the dam was broken. The meeting with the locals of this township was crucial because some residents of this township who are engaged in farming activities along the St. Paul river bank will definitely be affected when the hydro power plant becomes operational following the completion of the rehabilitation work. Other locals who are involved in fishing in the St. Paul River and others depending on non timber forest products in forested areas of the Arthington township would be concerned about both the positive and negative effects that the rehabilitation and subsequent operation of the hydro plant would have on their daily livelihood, hence it became imperative to convene a community meeting in the township to consult with the locals. Most of the women said they were involved in farming as their livelihood while some men indicated that they were actively engaged in farming, hunting and fishing. Concerns expressed: Expansion of the reservoir may overflow their residential areas; Rehabilitation of dam will affect their farms located along the banks of the St. Paul River; High yields from fishing will be drastically reduced. More than five villages are said to be in the pathway of the reservoir over ten houses reported to be on the pathway of reservoir will be damaged. Positive sentiments expressed:

152 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 128 Suggestions: With the return and subsequent operation of the hydro plant, mosquito infested diseases would be drastically reduced. Locals who are basically unskilled want inclusion in the work force that would be involved in the rehabilitation work of the hydro power plant; Clinics be established in the township; Bird nets to drive away intruders from farms; Schools be constructed in the township.

153 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 129 Table 13-4: List of Participants in Arthington

154 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 130

155 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 131

156 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 132 A2.4 Comments and Suggestion Form A comment and suggestion form has been distributed at the end of the mass meetings to enable persons not attending the meetings to comment on the project and to give the communities the possibility to discuss the project among them before commenting. Name Comments & Suggestions Form Mt. Coffee Hydropower Project by post; please include your address: (to be completed by LEC, POYRY) Date of receiving the Form (LEC,POYRY Please tick and indicate the best way to contact you on the communication you are submitting by telephone; please include your phone number: by ; please include your address: Please tick and indicate the type of your comment suggestion complaint What do you think this project will do to you? Please tell us. When it is negative, how do you think we can solve it? Signature: Date of the communication form: Contact Information: Please bring this paper to Mr. Sam Y. Garwoloquoi from Raymond Camp, Harrisburg

157 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 133 A2.5 Focus Group Discussion Questionnaire Alternative Livelihood Strategies for Project Impact Zone (PIZ) in Mount Coffee Power Plant Background The Government of Liberia is about to start the process of rehabilitating the Mount Coffee Hydro Power Plant to generate much needed electricity and perhaps irrigation that could increase agricultural productivity for food security. Meanwhile, there are communities established in the reservoir area since the hydro stopped functioning. Based on accepted practices, there is a need to compensate people in the PIZ, be they squatters, by offering them the opportunities for alternative livelihoods to have them adjusted to their new environment. In so doing, these communities need to be talked to and find out how they perceive the hydro power project, and since it is to affect their source of revenue and food supplies. If they are to be affected how they feel and think about it. Finding amicable solutions depend on the communities; because committed resources to enable them improve their lives have to be properly channelled and utilised. Focus Group Discussion a. Community Profile Name of the Village/Settlement: Town: District: Number of Participants: Male: Female: Date: Estimated Number of Households in the Community: Estimated Number of Persons in the Community: Male: Female: a. Public Facilities School: Boreholes: Health Centre: Mosque: Church: Market: Poro/Sandi Bush: Burial site: Others: Please specify:

158 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 134 Guided Question for the Focus Group Discussions 1. Could anyone in this group tell us what he/she knows about the Mount Coffee Hydro Power Plant? 2. What could be the main source of income for most of you here? Put differently, what do most people do to earn money and feed their family here in this community? 3. Does anyone perceive relocation if the project starts? If you were asked to move from where you are today, what could be your reaction? In terms of new location and alternative livelihood? 4. Tell us what some of your expectations are and how do you think these can be met?

159 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 135 A2.6 FGDs Livelihoods with Communities Losing Economic Activities in PIZ A2.6.1 Introduction Public Consultations and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) as part of the MC HPP project RAP are meant to engage the thoughts and views of the people living in the MC HPP PIZ on the following issues: Knowledge of the project (brief history). Major livelihood activities and alternatives livelihood Alternatives sites for resettlement if communities have to move Concerns and expectations for resettlements and livelihood The public consultations and FGDs which were held from the 12 th to the 16 th of July, 2012 at three strategic locations or towns within the project area brought together 227 people to discuss sensitive issues that are of great concerns to the rehabilitation of the MC HPP project. The first public consultation and FGDs during the period in review was held on July 14 th at the Raymond Camp Palava hut. Seven towns or settlements participated with a total 74 persons. The second public consultation was held at Weaduo, a town up stream left of the St. Paul River bank. A total of five settlements participated with 64 people attending. On July 15, 2012, another discussion was held with the 1st ward communities downstream of the St. Paul River involving fishermen and women, 22 people attended. The fourth meeting which also was the last meeting during the period under review was held on July 16 th at the Zakama s town hall, located right side of the St Paul River in the Arthington Township. Five settlements with 57 persons participated. The Table below indicates the towns that participated in the public consultations and focus group discussions. Table 13-5: Summary of Participants and Communities during FGDs Names of settlement No. of participants Male Female Township Raymond Camp Harrisburg Shelling Village Harrisburg Eric Village Harrisburg Weaduo Harrisburg Wenekai Harrisburg Buzzy Quarter Harrisburg Voinjama Harrisburg Borbor Town Harrisburg Varney Town Harrisburg James A. Mulbah Town Harrisburg 1 st Ward Community Harrisburg Zakama Arthington Gbally Village Arthington Sarah Town Arthington Gbandi Arthington Markai Arthington Total

160 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 136 A2.6.2 Knowledge of the Project (Brief History) Participants of the public consultation and FGDs were youth, women and men. The least age range was years, while the highest age was years. The average age which composed of majority of the participants was years. Meanwhile, when the question of what do know about the MC HPP project? was asked, responses emanating from 75-80% of the 227 participants of public consultation shows that the population knew some history of the functioning of the previous dam and are also informed about the rehabilitation that is about to take place. However, the older men (55-70 yrs) were more responsive to the above question as compared to the youth. According to the town chief of Buzzy quarter, Robert Kerkulah, who is now 55 years, said I was a little boy in the 60s when dam was built and later I became an employee in the 80s. When the war broke out in 1990, the rebels came to the power station where I was assigned, ordered us out and the machines were shutdown, since that time, it is now that I am hearing about the rehabilitation. David Wee who is said to be in his early 70s also shares similar experience of what the MC HPP was and what is about to happen. A2.6.3 Major Livelihood Activities and Alternatives Livelihood With the exception of two communities (Gbally Village and Benben Town with major livelihood being small scale gold mining), farming, charcoal production, and fishing are major livelihood activities of people found within the MC HPP perimeters. About 95% of people living in the project area are farmers producing crops such as cassava, rubber, corn, plantain and vegetables. Very few farmers (1%) are cultivating rice. Farming For income generating, crops that provide the most income for livelihood according to information gathered from the FGDs are cassava and vegetables such as pepper, bitter balls, while others indicated plantain and rubber. About 98% of the rubber farms in the PIZ are between the ages of 1-5 years on average. These farms are very young and have not reached the age of tapping (rubber harvesting); except for very few farms, less than 1% that once existed during the functioning of the dam. Charcoal Production For charcoal production, there was nobody identified in the PIZ producing only charcoal as source of income, but rather it is done in combination with the farming activities. According to the farmers, charcoal production is done in combination with their regular farming activities. After brushing the farm, the wood from the farm is than burned into charcoal and the income gained is returned to the farm to help with farming expenses. However, there are some other farmers who are predominantly burning charcoal because of their strength and capacity to work more. These charcoal burners (farmers) often buy wood from other farmers to augment their production. A bag of charcoal weighing kg measured in a 50 kg rice bag costs Liberian dollars (LD) at farm gate, when transported to Monrovia red light market; its cost increases between LD Transportation per bag of charcoal from the MC HPP area costs LD Charcoal production in the project area is one of the fastest income generating activities, Monrovia and other surroundings are heavily dependent on charcoal from these locations thereby creating a huge demand for the product.

161 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 137 Fishing The methods for fishing differ from the season to season; hooks are used all year round; traps or baskets are utilised from the months of August to November; the nets are mainly used from November to March. They use cast nets, traps, hooks, and line nets. The fishermen obtain their inputs (nets & hooks) from the Monrovia market or stores. The traps or baskets that are made from local material are obtained locally from the bush. It was established that none of the fishermen in the area use chemicals to kill fish, but on the other hand, sources revealed that some fishermen are using dynamite secretly to blast fish under water. This practice of fishing is banned by the Government. Fishing is practised by both men and women. As with fishing with hooks and casting of nets, the men do it more than the women; for trap setting, both men and women do it equally. About 90-95% of people living in the project impact zone are doing fishing along with their farming and charcoal production. This livelihood is seen to be a way of life by people because from the days of their ancestors, they have been fishing. About 35% of the fish caught is sold fresh, 60% is processed and 10% is consumed. One person can produce about ten baskets a day. The cost for a basket is LD Focus Group Discussion with Fishermen and Women (1st Ward communities) On the 15 th July 2012, a FGD was held with fishermen and women from the 1st Ward communities, downstream of the St. Paul River. A total of 22 people attended (14 males and 8 females). Their primary occupation was fishing, and they also do other activities like farming in combination with the fishing activities. With regard to the rehabilitation of the MC HPP, the participants expressed serious concerns for their fishing activities. A majority of the group said that their fishing activities would be reduced due to the disturbance of the water that is about to take place during construction and even after. The movement of fish will also cease. According to Wilmot Goodling, a fisherman who is now in his 60s, expressed that there was always obstruction of fishing activities whenever the gate at the dam was controlled. However, since the dam has to be rehabilitated, this will result in the reduction of catching fish. Alternatively, 60% of the 22 fishermen and women express moving up into the reservoir to fish, 30% also said they would prefer building a large fish pond while 10% expressed they would do farming. A2.6.4 Alternative Livelihood Activities From the public consultations and FGDs, farmers did not stress so much fear over the issue of alternative land for farming, instead, they expressed that there was still public and private land available that could be negotiated and used. For instance, the people of Sarah town, Gbandi and Markai said there is sufficient high land opposite the St. Paul river where they have already started farming, while the people of Varney Town, Borbor Town, and James A. Mulbah Town indicated that they have a reserved land located up around the Mt Coffee for farming, but on the other hand, the people of Gbally Village, and Sumo indicated that since their village stands a high chance of relocation and their alternative relocation site is around Raymond Camp, they are 98% sure of securing farming land up in the Harrisburg area toward Crusserville Township.

162 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 138 A2.6.5 Alternative Sites for Resettlement if Communities have to Move According to the people of Gbandi, Sarah Town, Markia and Zakama, they do not see the possibility of having to be resettled. Before the dam was previously built, their communities were relocated on high hills about one hour s walk away from the river bank. The people of Weaduo, Varney, Borbor, James A. Mulbah, and Buzzy Quarter see not the possibility that the reservoir is taking over the towns, except for Raymond Camp. Their great fear is the Via reservoir, which they believe may increase the quantity of water that could spread out to reach their houses. For this reason, if their communities are to be moved, they preferred relocation around other existing communities and reserved lands. The Table below gives alternative resettlement sites as indicated by the participants: Table 13-6: Alternative Sites for Resettlement Name of settlement Raymond Camp Shelling Village Eric Village Weaduo Buzzy Quarter Voinjama Borbor Town Varney Town James A. Mulbah Town Zakama Sarah Town Gbandi Markai Alternative resettlement Site To be resettled on a 150 acres of reversed land To be resettled along with Raymond camp Move to Raymond Camp Move to Raymond Camp Move to Raymond Camp Move to Raymond Camp Move to reserved community land Reserved land is available Reserved land up Mt Coffee Move further up, next junction to Georgia Road Boakai Town Reserved community land Reserved community land A2.6.6 Concerns and Expectations for Resettlement and Livelihood The rehabilitation of the MC HPP is of a great concern to the people living in the MC HPP project area. Expectations are very high, most especially for the youth who are in need of employment. Their expectations are that: Job opportunity will be provided Good accommodation will be provided for communities that are to be resettled Good road network will be maintained due to operation at the hydro Better educational facilities and skill training will be provided Market linkages will improved Police station will be built to enhance justice Incentives will be provided for farmers to restart farming activities at new locations Compensations for those that will lose their crops be timely available Hygienic toilets will be made available at the new settlements Will be settled where land to produce the same quantity of food as they get now. Their concerns for resettlements are: That their expectations may not materialise It may take a long time before they reorganise themselves in their new home

163 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 139 A2.6.7 Vulnerable Groups There were a few vulnerable people identified from the communities in the PIZ. Female headed HHs, widows, lame, disabled, and blindness were the most cases recorded. Please find the Table below for details of vulnerable people identified. Table 13-7: Vulnerable People Name Age Sex Type of Vulnerability Community Zinnah Stevens 39 M Lame Gbandi Sackie Doll 40 M Lame Gbandi Fajumah Kromah 80 M Very old Gbandi Abou Boakai 42 M Very sick Gbandi Helen Rufus 49 F Widow /female HH headed Gbandi Musu Wilson 52 F Widow /female HH headed Gbandi Fatu Wilson 57 F Widow /female HH headed Gbandi Jatu Domah 27 F Widow Zakama Mama James 57 f Widow J.A Mulbah Town Hawa Momo 58 F Widow J.A Mulbah Town Yass Kollie 55 F Very sick, more than 10 yrs J.A Mulbah Town Kpannah Sangbe 43 F Widow J.A Mulbah Town Nawai Padmore 61 M Lame J.A Mulbah Town Gelekai padmore 60 F Lame J.A Mulbah Town Mama Bandi 58 F Widow J.A Mulbah Town Esther Myers 52 F Widow J.A Mulbah Town Kabono Padmore 52 M Sick J.A Mulbah Town Kona Yoquio 85 M Blind Gbally village Benjiman Johnson 20 M Blind Gbally village Massa Konnah 64 F Female HH headed Markai Varney Gbally 65 M Blind Markai Mama Gbally 78 F Blind Markai Cruzzer Hargard M 86 Blind Sarah Town A2.6.8 Employment Unemployment rate in Liberia is at 85%, the Government is trying to reduce this high unemployment rate by seeking donor s aid and attracting investors. This situation is even worse in the rural parts of Liberia. For the case of the MC HPP area, only 22 people are formally employed out of the more than inhabitants. 90% of the 22 people in formal employment are nurses, teachers, and security men from Raymond Camp and working at the clinic, school, and the damaged power house facilities while 10% are workers from surrounding communities. The town chiefs from various towns in the project area are also considered government workers, but have not been getting salaries. According to the chief of Gbandi, (Lassana Kromah) the government requested the names of all chiefs to be projected in the fiscal budget for inclusion on government payroll.

164 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 140 A2.6.9 Lists of Participants 1. Public Consultation and FGD with communities in MC HPP project impact zone HARRISBURG TOWNSHIP, CAREBURG DISTRICT July 14, 2012 No. Name of Participant Age Sex Occupation Settlement Contact 1 Mathew Clarke 50 M Farmer Raymond Camp Aloysius Seward 43 M Farmer Buzzy Quarter Thomas F. Johnson 56 M Farmer Buzzy Quarter N/A 4 Samuel Gbanjah 54 M Farmer Buzzy Quarter Atto Clemen 41 M Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 6 Harrison K. Sumo 50 M Farmer Raymond Camp Peter Flomo 35 M Farmer Buzzy Quarter N/A 8 Robert Kerkula 52 M Farmer Buzzy Quarter N/A 9 Marcus Flomo 38 M Farmer Raymond Camp Jartu Kerkulah 42 F Farmer Buzzy Quarter N/A 11 John Gbanjah 65 M Farmer Raymond Camp Sisco Clinton 37 M Farmer Raymond Camp James Davies 48 M Farmer Wenekai N/A 14 Johnson Gayflor 42 M Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 15 Andrew Tengben 59 M Farmer Shelling Village Moses Sackie 52 M Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 17 Nancy Gatagay 50 F Farmer Wonekai Mary Tengben 48 F Farmer Shelling Village Yarmah Mulbah 35 F Farmer Wonekai Matu White 43 F Farmer Raymond Camp Fatu Goodling 39 F Farmer Shelling Tennah Flomo 39 F Farmer Shelling Handful Quitty 24 F Farmer Wenekai N/A 24 Moses Sumo 34 M Farmer Raymond Camp Mulbah Zayzay 22 M Fisher man Raymond Camp N/A 26 Mamai Harris 54 F Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 27 Daniel Barker 54 M Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 28 James Togbah 84 M Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 29 Fahn Dennis 51 M Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 30 Saah Fayiah 58 M Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 31 Abraham Lewis 40 M Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 32 Mama Kpinie 42 F Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 33 Henry Kollieyan 30 M Fisher man Raymond Camp N/A 34 Rebecca Dukuly 59 F Farmer Raymond Camp J. Roland Albert 50 M Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 36 Esa Johnson 50 M Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 37 Daniel Barker 28 M Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 38 Ritta Bass 59 M Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 39 Kowu Mahn 38 F Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 40 Kowu Karmah 38 F Farmer Shelling Town N/A 41 Martha Lawhyee 46 F Farmer Shelling Town N/A 42 Hawa Gbanjah 42 F Farmer Raymond camp N/A 43 Alphonso Brown 35 M Farmer Shelling Town N/A 44 John W. Sumo 45 M Fisherman Buzzy Quarter N/A

165 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 141 No. Name of Participant Age Sex Occupation Settlement Contact 45 Jeremiah S. Kerkula 28 M Farmer Buzzy Quarter N/A 46 Mamie Kollie 34 F Farmer Raymond camp N/A 47 James Kollie 42 M Farmer Raymond camp N/A 48 Yamah Freeman 23 M Fisherman Raymond camp N/A 49 Jerry David 59 M Farmer Wenekai N/A 50 Nowah Sumo 31 F Farmer Shelling Town N/A 51 Edwin Mulbah 35 M Farmer Wenekai N/A 52 Annie Sumo 35 F Farmer Wenekai N/A 53 Old lady Diggs 31 F Farmer Buzzy Quarter N/A 54 Victor Tyler 18 M Student Raymond Camp James Flomo 68 M Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 56 George A. Bass 52 M Teacher Raymond Camp Daniel Kollie 55 M Farmer Raymond Camp David Wee 80 M Fishermen Raymond Camp Maway Mulbah 50 F Farmer Buzzy Quarter N/A 60 David Garwoloquoi 49 M Farmer Eric Village N/A 61 Benjamin Johnson 62 M Farmer Raymond Camp Abraham O. Flomo 26 M Builder Raymond Camp N/A 63 Titus Kerkulah 29 M Farmer Raymond Camp N/A 64 Attoh G.Clewars 30 M Teacher Raymond Camp James A. Harris 49 M Farmer Raymond Camp Martha A. Laywhyea 50 F Farmer Shelling village Arthor Zakama 38 M Farmer Buzzy Quarter N/A 68 James Raynes 56 M Farmer Raymond Camp Marthalin Laywhyee 39 F Farmer Shelling village N/A 70 Alexander Kruah 29 M Farmer Wenekai village Stephan N. Work 30 M Farmer Raymond crops N/A 72 Alphanso Brown 35 M Farmer Shelling Village N/A 73 Elsit Laywhyee 32 F Farmer Shelling village N/A 2. Public Consultation and FGD with communities in MC HPP project Impact Zone HARRISBURG TOWNSHIP, CAREBURG DISTRICT. July 15, 2012 No Name of Participant Age Sex Occupation Settlement Contact 1 Morris Yargarkpah 40 M Farmer James town Quoi Kamah 62 M Farmer Gbally 3 Gbanjah Zinnah 55 M Farmer Gbally 4 Fester Gono 37 M Farmer Gbally 5 Ouisma Massely 35 M Farmer Gbally 6 John Binda 35 M Farmer Gbally 7 John Nathaniel 48 M Farmer Gbally 8 Andrew Fullah 45 M Farmer Gbally 9 David Belle 33 M Farmer James town Yah Weawea 41 M Farmer Weaduo 11 Augustin Kollie 27 M Farmer James town 12 Gabral Somah 30 M Farmer Weaduo Fody Somah 60 M Farmer James town 14 Rufus Borkpateh 43 M Farmer James town

166 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 142 No Name of Participant Age Sex Occupation Settlement Contact 15 Amos Kollie 40 M Farmer James town Bandy Koto 50 F Farmer Weaduo 17 George Padmar 24 M Farmer James town Mumia Ricks 40 F Farmer Weaduo 19 Sackie Forkpah 46 M Farmer James town 20 Sarah Mullah 47 F Farmer Weaduo 21 Esther Kollie 29 F Farmer James town N/A 22 Amos Tealeh 43 M Farmer James town Konah Campbell 38 M Farmer James town George Sengbah 45 M Farmer James town N/A 25 Philip Koto 70 M Farmer Weaduo Varmoyah Dukaly 42 M Farmer Gbally N/A 27 Joseph Gull 50 M Farmer Weaduo Gballah Goyah 64 F Farmer Weaduo N/A 29 Mary Kollie 29 F Farmer James town N/A 30 Oretha Thomson 38 F Farmer Weaduo N/A 31 Kpannah Yah 52 F Farmer James town N/A 23 Jackson Kennedy 31 M Farmer Verney town N/A 33 Mamia Sackie 27 F Farmer Verney town Mamie James 64 F Farmer James town N/A 35 Momo Kollie 48 M Farmer James town N/A 36 Eva Bridges 50 F Farmer Borbao N/A 37 Hawa Momo 60 F Farmer James town N/A 38 Samuel Konah 32 M Farmer James town N/A 39 Tahir Sackie 31 M Farmer Yeawayah N/A 40 Edwin Verney 19 M Farmer Verney N/A 41 Joseph Mulbah 41 M Farmer James town Daniel Morris 81 M Farmer Sackie town N/A 43 Edwin Mulbah 32 M Farmer James town Isaac Jordan 44 M Farmer Sackie town N/A 45 James M. Kollie 38 M Farmer James town Hallie Verney 41 M Farmer Verney town N/A 47 James M. Larty 32 M Farmer Verney town N/A 48 John Paypay 70 M Farmer James town N/A 49 Watta Dukuly 31 F Farmer Gballey N/A 50 Jestina Doglas 35 F Farmer James town N/A 51 Korpo Gballey 29 F Farmer Borbor town Fatu Tamoria 25 F Farmer Yeayayea N/A 53 Beatric Kollie 27 F Farmer James town N/A 54 Oretha Flomo 25 F Farmer Borbor town N/A 55 Sam S. Davies 44 M Farmer Sackie town David Freeman 42 M Farmer Sackie town Daried Forkpad 36 M Farmer James town N/A 58 Syvester Samuel 35 M Farmer James town Sackie Kollie 34 M Farmer Varrey N/A 60 Joseph Kollie 26 M Farmer Borbor N/A 61 Joseph Mulbah 41 M Farmer James town

167 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Public Consultation and FGD with communities in MC HPP PIZ ARTHINGTON DISTRICT, July 16, 2012 No. Name Age Sex Occupation Settlement Contact 1 Elijah T. Freeman 32 M Farmer Gandi Jammy Carter 46 M Farmer Gandi N/A 3 James Boikai 45 M Farmer Gandi N/A 4 Verney Gbally 56 M Farmer Gbandi N/A 5 Abu Barkai 52 M Farmer Gbandi N/A 6 Jonney Kolleh 72 M Farmer Markai N/A 7 Bestman Kennedy 41 M Farmer Zakama N/A 8 James Kezelee 32 M Farmer Zakama N/A 9 Simeon Hoggard 36 M Farmer Zakama Thomas S. Kokor 63 M Farmer Zakama Siah Saad 29 F Farmer Zakama N/A 12 Korto Sumo 14 F Farmer Zakama N/A 13 Sarah Hoggard 40 F Farmer Sarah Town N/A 14 Victory Hoggard 45 F Farmer Sarah Town N/A 15 Kabbah Hoggard 45 F Farmer Sarah Town N/A 16 Jennet Marcullay 37 F Farmer Sarah Town N/A 17 Kabbeh Kollie 25 F Farmer Sarah Town N/A 18 Massah Konah 52 F Farmer Markai N/A 19 Bandu Konah 40 F Farmer Markai N/A 20 John C. Obey 40 F Farmer Georgia Road James Wilson 35 M Farmer Sarah Town N/A 22 Joseph Obey 39 M Farmer Georgia Road N/A 23 Boima Johnson 32 M Farmer Bandi N/A 24 Foday Uah 49 M Farmer Bandi N/A 25 Sinoe Japen 28 M Farmer Bandi N/A 26 Catherine Wright 23 F Farmer Zakama Roge Mulbah 16 F Student Zakama N/A 28 Hawah Boikai 20 F Farmer Boikoi Town N/A 29 Konah Yarsiah 38 F Farmer Zakama N/A 30 George William 79 F Farmer Georgia Road N/A 31 Robert Kerkula 51 M Farmer Buzzy Quarter Stephen Kolleh 46 M Farmer Zakama Amuleh Kromah 30 M Farmer Bandi Lasama Konah 34 M Farmer Marcukoi Momo Hoggard 37 M Farmer Boikai Town N/A 36 Segbah Johnson 27 M Farmer Gbalazuah N/A 37 Levie Hoggar 65 M Farmer Varmasue Krubo Philip 35 M Farmer Zakama N/A 39 Mary Moore 59 F Farmer Zakama N/A 40 Rose Clemens 38 F Farmer Zakama N/A 41 Jallah Varney 28 M Farmer Mission Town N/A 42 Arthor Clemens 40 M Farmer Zakama N/A 43 Zinnah Doma 63 F Farmer Bendi N/A 44 Lasana Kromah 54 M Farmer Marlai Verney Doma 65 M Farmer Bandi 46 Robert Grayhand 69 M Farmer Vermasu

168 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 144 No. Name Age Sex Occupation Settlement Contact 47 Korto Gayflor 49 F Farmer Zakama Jarcoline Ben 28 F Farmer Zakama 49 Kolu Wright 35 F Farmer Georgeria Road Lincon Hoggard 41 M Farmer Zakama Jennet Hoggard 67 F Farmer Zakama 52 Ebun Klah 36 F Farmer Zakama Konah Sumo 47 F Farmer Zolutu Town 4. Consultative Meeting with 1ST WARD Communities Fishing Group, HARRISBURG TOWNSHIP, July 15, 2012 No. Names Age Sex Occupation Community Contact 1 Wilmont Gooding 62 M Fisherman Cooke Town Will Gooding 29 M Fisherman Cooke Town Lengbah Gooding 42 F Fisherwoman Cooke Town Famata Kezelee 31 F Fisherwoman James Daniel John Carmue 46 M Fisherman James Daniel N/A 6 Samuel J. Ford 42 M Fisherman Ricks N/A 7 Picellia Johnson 38 F Fisherwoman Ricks Martha Poye 40 F Fisherwoman Cooke Town N/A 9 Oretha Mulbah 26 F Fisherwoman Cooke Town N/A 10 Henry Smirt 47 M Fisherman Cooke Town N/A 11 Banda Sackie 37 M Fisherman Cooke Town N/A 12 Pricilla Johnson 32 F Fisherman December Town N/A 13 James Weah 38 M Fisherman December Town N/A 14 Bono Nimme 40 M Fisherman December Town N/A 15 Korto Tokpah 34 F Fisherman December Town N/A 16 Stanley Mitchell 34 M Fisherman December Town N/A 17 Christian Wilmot 33 M Fisherman James Daniel N/A 18 Philip Bass 30 M Fisherman James Daniel N/A 19 Idol Sarwary 45 F Fisherman James Daniel N/A 20 Kaddafi Jallo 28 M Fisherman N/A 21 Sakou Sarwary 45 M Fisherman December N/A 22 Abraham Johnson 44 M Fisherman James Daniel N/A 5. Vulnerable People No Name Age Sex Type of Vulnerability Community 1 Zinnah Stevens 39 M Lame Gbandi 2 Sackie Doll 40 M Lame Gbandi 3 Fajumah Kromah 80 M Very old Gbandi 4 Abou Boakai 42 M Very sick Gbandi 5 Helen Rufus 49 F Widow /female HH headed Gbandi 6 Musu Wilson 52 F Widow /female HH headed Gbandi 7 Fatu Wilson 57 F Widow /female HH headed Gbandi 8 Jatu Domah 27 F Widow Zakama

169 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Mama James 57 f Widow J.A Mulbah Town 10 Hawa Momo 58 F Widow J.A Mulbah Town 11 Yass Kollie 55 F Very sick, more than 10 yrs J.A Mulbah Town 12 Kpannah Sangbe 43 F Widow J.A Mulbah Town 13 Nawai Padmore 61 M Lame J.A Mulbah Town 14 Gelekai padmore 60 F Lame J.A Mulbah Town 15 Mama Bandi 58 F Widow J.A Mulbah Town 16 Esther Myers 52 F Widow J.A Mulbah Town 17 Kabono Padmore 52 M Sick J.A Mulbah Town 18 Kona Yoquio 85 M Blind Gbally village 19 Benjiman Johnson 20 M Blind Gbally village 20 Massa Konnah 64 F Female HH headed Markai 21 Varney Gbally 65 M Blind Markai 22 Mama Gbally 78 F Blind Markai 23 Cruzzer Hargard M 86 Blind Sarah Town 6. List of People in Formal Employment No Name Sex Place of Work Position 1 Frank D. Goodlin M MOE Teacher 2 George A. Bass M MOE Teacher/ Reg. 3 Manyango Mulbah M LEC GSD Manager 4 Matthew M. Clarke M Security (CGS) Commander 5 James Raynes M Security (CGS) Security 6 Samuel Kpadeah M MOE Principal 7 Mavee Franklin M MOE Vic-principal 8 Robert Norris M MOE Teacher 9 Julia Johnson M MOE Teacher 10 Josiah Diggs M MOE Teacher 11 Goodrich Zodegar M LEC Chief security 12 Matu White F MOH Nurse Aid 13 Sherley Goodlin F MOH Nurse Aid 14 Joseph T. Johnson M MOH Nurse Aid 15 Annis Nymia F MOH CM 16 Menikeli Page F MOH OIC 17 Zoe Johnson F MOH Nurse Aid 18 Ahoh Clemens M MOH Nurse Aid 19 Jerferson Dolo M MOE Teacher 20 Margrett David F MOE Teacher (Wenekai village) 21 James A. Harris M Lutheran School Teacher (Kaywood camp)

170 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 146 A2.7 Reports on Focus Group Discussions with BenBen Town Community Profile Name of Community: Benben Town Township: MT. Coffee District: Todee Number of participants: 96 Male: 14 Female: 26 Youth: 28 Date: July 2, 2012 Estimated Households in the community: 90 Estimated number of persons in the community: Male: 350_ Female: Public Facilities School: 0; Boreholes: 1; Health Centre: 0; Mosque: 1; Church: 0. Market: 0: Burial Site: 1 Others: please specify: A2.7.1 FGD with the Youth of Benben Town, July 2nd 2012 Introduction On the 2 nd of July 2012, a focus group discussion was held in Benben town, a community located upstream the St. Paul River in the MC HPP project area with the youth, meanly young men with the age range of years. The FGD is part of the MC HPP RAP public consultation to get the views, expectation for relocation and alternative livelihood of the people of Benben town. In so doing, a cross session of three groups were consulted (youth, women and elders). However, this report only focuses on the youth group. Below are the guiding questions that were used during the FGD with the youth of Benben town: 1. Could anyone in this group tell us what he/she knows about the Mount Coffee Hydro Power Plant? 2. What could be the main source of income for most of you here? Put differently, what do most people do to earn money and feed their family here in this community? 3. Do anyone perceived relocation if the project starts? If you were asked to move from where you are today 4. Tell us what are your expectations are and how do you think they can be met? Facilitator: Albert J. Thompson Recorder: Jerry D. Woods and Charles K. Dankpawoh The discussion lasted for about two and half hours with the total attendance of 28 males. Analysis of discussion with the youth of Benben Town Q1. Could anyone in this group tell us what he/she knows about the Mount Coffee Hydro Power Plant? Responses from question 1 indicate that the youths in Benben town have a limited knowledge about the MC HPP project and its rehabilitation. Over two thirds of the 28 young men could not explain what they knew about the project. Q2. What could be the main source of income for most of you here? Put differently, what do most people do to earn money and feed their family here in this community?

171 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 147 The main livelihood activity in the community is local gold mining as indicated by the discussants. Even though some 90-95% of this group indicated their livelihood is gold mining, a smaller number (about 5-10%) are doing small scale farming and fishing. Q3. Do anyone perceived relocation if the project starts? If you were asked to move from where you are today what could be your reaction? Interns of new location and alternative livelihood The majority of the group responded that they perceived relocation. They indicated that the Benben town area was flooded during the normal functioning of MC HPP from the 1960s -80s. Individuals resettled the Benben town during the crisis when the dam was destroyed and the area became less flooded. The vast majority of the group expressed that their reaction to resettlement will be to go back home, mostly Monrovia. Their alternative livelihood is to go back to previous career while the minority expressed going back to school. Q4. Tell us what are your expectations are and how do you think they can be met? The youths expressed the following as expectations: Good accommodation will be provided Good road network will be maintained Better educational facilities will be provided Some cash to restart life Their concerns for resettlements are: That their expectations may not materialize It may take a long time before they reorganize themselves in their new home. At the conclusion of the discussion, majority of the youth expressed that Government provides them a little money to go back home and resettle life by getting back to their previous career. Table 13-8: FGD Attendance of Youth, Benben No: Name Sex Age Occupation Contact 1 Amos Tealeh M 38 Farmer Morris Fayiah M 21 Student Henry Sargba M 26 Gold mining N/A 4 Moses Kolubah M 27 Gold mining Alvin Sheriff M 28 Gold mining Layee Dorlly M 33 Gold mining Emmanuel D.M Dahn M 23 Gold mining N/A 8 Alex J. Kollie M 28 Gold mining N/A 9 George Gray M 39 Gold mining Saiyon Kamara M 33 Gold mining N/A 11 Abraham Jalloh M 28 Gold mining N/A 12 Edwin Monroe M 32 Farmer Samba Monroe M 18 Gold mining N/A 14 Musa Konneh M 32 Gold mining Abraham Bobdoe M 28 Gold mining N/A 16 Joseph Steward M 22 Gold mining N/A 17 Ernest Binda M 30 Gold mining N/A 18 Jusu Massaquoi M 32 Gold mining N/A 19 William Ballah M 27 Gold mining N/A

172 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 148 No: Name Sex Age Occupation Contact 20 Richard Daniel M 28 Gold mining N/A 21 Alex Tommie M 25 Gold mining N/A 22 David Mathis M 29 Farmer Junior Barker M 39 Gold mining N/A 24 Sackie Rollie M 20 Gold mining N/A 25 Jerome Mulbah M 27 Gold mining N/A 26 Bobo Seegbe M 38 Gold mining N/A 27 Biomah Dukuly M 35 Gold mining N/A 28 Wilson Weah M 24 Gold mining N/A Table 13-9: Discussion Questions and specific responses from the FGD Topic Question Name of Respondent Specific Quotes 1. Could anyone in this group tell us what he/she knows about the Mount Coffee Hydro Power Plant? 2. What could be the main source of income for most of you here? Put differently, what do most people do to earn money and feed their family here in this community? 3. Do anyone perceived relocation if the project starts? If you were asked to move from where you are today what could be your reaction? Interns of new location and alternative livelihood 4. Tell us what are your expectations are and how do you think they can be met? Amos Tealeh MC HPP was built in the 1980s Jerome Mulbah George Gray The hydro was built to supplied electricity to Monrovia but was later destroyed due to the civil crisis The hydro was built in 1960s and there were many fishing activities along the St Paul river Alvin Sheriff There were many job opportunities at the power site David Mathis Emmanuel Dahn David Mathis Amos Tealeh Joseph Steward Richard Daniel Alex Kollie Sackie Kollie Musa Konneh George Gray Moses Covah David Mathis I am doing gold mining to feed me and my family, this is where I get cash from We do gold mining here As for me, I am living on farming to feed me and my family Even though most of my friend are doing gold mining, but as for me, I am doing farming to sustained me and my family I know when the dam start functioning, this place will be flooded with water, I will not be able again to mine gold, therefore I will preferred going back to Monrovia where I came from I am a mason, I would like to return to my construction work in Monrovia my alternative living is driving, l will like to go back Monrovia to fine job. I know this place will get flooded and mining activities will cease, I will go back do pluming which is my trade My expectation is for government to fine us better accommodation and money to start life I think job will be available, I want for government to provide us better education or skill training to build our capacity I need money to move I want the company that is constructing the dam to include us in work force

173 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 149 A2.7.2 Benben (Women) Focus Group Discussion, 2nd July, 2012 The consultation/meeting started with a prayer. After introductions, the main purpose of the team s visit was given to the women (26). The purpose of the FGD was to solicit information on their present livelihood and enquire on what other livelihood activities they would be interested in, in case they would have to relocate because of rehabilitation of the dam. In addition, they were asked what would make them ready to move. The majority of the women were of the opinion that they would get money if they had to move. The team made it clear that when they lose a livelihood the best way for them to continue feeding their families was to take on a livelihood of their choice so that they do not end up in poverty. It was stressed that no money would exchange hands. 1. Tell us about what you know of the Mt. Coffee hydro. Susana Tiawah, 37 years old: It is going to be rebuilt so that it works again. None of the other women could tell the team anything about the Mt. Coffee Hydro Power Project. They recall that some time back a team visited them and told them about the dam and that they would probably have to move. When asked why they thought they would get money, the respondents said that that is what they understood as compensation. 2. Where do you want to relocate to? Fatu Urey, 65 years old: I have been living here before the construction of hydro, then we moved and after construction we moved to the railway line land, but then after destruction of the dam we came back here because of the civil war. I think we will move back to the land near the railway line. Marie Benda, 35 years old: Most of us want to stay as a group when we move from here, even if we did not come together. It is better to stay together in a new place. In the end the women said they would discuss with their husbands where they would relocate to as they have to involve their husbands. A majority were for moving together as a settlement as now they had lived together as a community. 3. How many fish in the river? What other activity is there in this settlement? Livelihood: Fishing is seasonal, women fish during dry season while men fish commercially. Gold mining: 1 gr. of gold can be sold for USD 40 on site, and then if they take the same gr. to town they can sell it for USD 50. The men who mine work in groups and use mercury to work, the price is not as high as they quote and 3 grammes is about 40 dollars and this is shared by the group not all is for an individual! (This was confirmed during field visit with donors). N.B.: There are no banks in the PIZ, all banks are in Monrovia. With regard to occupation, 13 or 50% of the participants indicated that they were business women or petty traders, while the rest were farmers, with the exception of the 14 year old who is a student. These business women or petty traders are just mere distributors of things already manufactured. Almost all of the items sold at the 6 small shops observed in Benben were imported goods as such; no new value is added by production. From all indications, the so-called petty traders could not say the nature of business as to what they had for sale, what was the quantity that was to be sold and what

174 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 150 price they were selling the items for. They were told that income from the sales must pay for all their production cost, their time/labour and maintenance and replacement costs for tools, equipment and machinery. The women were cautioned to select the most suitable enterprise. Some want to have training in sewing/dress making, hair-dressing, beauty salon, food preparation (coldbow shop)/restaurant, and some want to continue farming. It was made clear to them that petty trade of already made imported goods will not sustain them. Therefore selecting the growing and processing of agricultural products that are in short supply and their prices too high could be considered as an alternative. 4. Q. How are disputes solved in the village? When there is a dispute, first it is the Town Chief who is the presiding person and he has the village elders and the complaints audience. When a dispute cannot be solved then the Paramount Chief in the case of a clan is presented with the dispute, if at this level the dispute still cannot be solved then the whole thing goes to the Mayor. If still this there is no solution then the Court in Monrovia is the last stage. In a Township, the Town chief is again at the first instance together with the village elders and women and men s leaders. Should no solution be found then the Commissioner is the next step, should the dispute remain unsolved then the Law courts are the last instance. Normally a solution is sought at the local level as this is should be the cheapest and puts everyone at ease, and also in order to keep peace and harmony in the community. Table 13-10: List of Participants, Women Benben Name Age Occupation 1 Susana Tiawah 37 Business 2 Fatu Urey 60 Farmer 3 Mama Binda 65 Farmer 4 Tennah Gray 49 Farmer 5 Fatumata Barr 39 Business 6 Marie Binda 35 Business 7 Mamia Denis 35 Business 8 Ester Yasiah 45 Business 9 Konah Momo 60 Farmer 10 Sonnie David 24 Business 11 Mary Zayzay 37 Business 12 Zannah David 58 Farmer 13 Maita Shilling 29 Farmer 14 Grace Kollie 25 Business 15 Gbassy Yarpowolo 65 Farmer 16 Annie Flomo 30 Farmer 17 Evelyn Kolubah 39 Farmer 18 Musu Pewee 22 Farmer 19 Kamah Forson 34 Business 20 Matar Steward 22 Business 21 KonFatuahTagomah 15 Student 22 Howah Varney 28 Business 23 Fatu 14 Student 24 Annie Varney 28 Business 25 Margaret Kosiah 36 Business 26 Jamoh Washington 23 Farmer

175 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 151 A2.7.3 Benben Men s FGD, 2nd July, 2012 There were around 14 men who participated in the FGD. Their knowledge about the Mount Coffee Hydro Power Plant was limited but two people shared their knowledge with the rest of the participants. Tommy Urey: I was around when the construction of the hydro started. When the construction started the government asked us to relocate to Zoe Town, Kpessh Town, etc. that they identified. We appreciated this gesture and in addition to providing the free land to help us resettle, they paid for the crops we had gown as many of us were farmers. When the hydro was destroyed I came back here to Benben in Emmanuel Kolubah: According to history of this area, Benben is very fertile for farming activities. Prior to the construction of the hydro, there existed villages in the surrounding communities. When the construction of the hydro started, those in the various villages around here left. Before the hydro was constructed an old man called Benben came around here and established this area and called it Benben Town. The main source of income or livelihood for most of the men range from farming to small scale business. Only one of the 14 men is involved in mining gold. On relocation from Benben, the men gave the following mixed responses. No we never thought of relocation. Well, I feel very bad. When some of us graduated from school, we never had any means of survival that is why we came to the bush to farm. So I am completely dissatisfied that the government is planning to take us away. Relocation is not the thing, what compensation will we receive, that is the issue. I feel bad because the area to which I am being relocated, I may not be able to continue with my farming activities. I mean the future is uncertain. Everybody will feel bad because we do not know the new place that we will be relocated to. We need help from the government; we need money to be able to send our kids to school. I expect government to provide place for me to shelter. I need some money that is what I need. I am completely dissatisfied about relocation. All of us are farmers, burning coal, with our women doing business. I feel very bad because I do not know what conditions I will face when relocated; I am not sure about the future that is my worry. Majority of us will feel bad. We do not know where we are going but know where we are coming from. On expectations of relocating the men expressed the following: We have a lot of children; age has caught up with us. The future uncertain. Need help from government. Children would have to go to school. Want money to reconstruct our houses that would be damaged as a result of the relocation. Provide place to live. Small money like USD 5,000.

176 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 152 James Yarsiah: I am the town chief for Benben Town. I do farming and business. My rubber farm has 1,500 trees. We were doing things here before we heard that the water will soon come here. We are not against development, if government says we should leave, we just want an area to be relocated to. We need government to do something for us. I have a lot of development here. I want to relocate to Mount Coffee Township, Todee District. Benben was a farming land; we relocated after the destruction of the hydro. Government paid for the crops prior to relocating us. We moved back to Benben because we realized that the hydro was destroyed and since the area (Benben) was a farming land, we all relocated. Wants relocation to the original site. Wants money to facilitate reconstruction of their homes that will be damaged as a result of the relocation. Most people in my town say they will not be able to do their business in the next village that they move them to. Major vocation or Business: mining gold and agriculture. Alternative: Government should provide funding to change my livelihood. Alternative livelihood: - Mining to what? Buy land and make farm after relocation. Make farm where? Morris Yangabah: I came here 1982, I came from Harrisburg and came to Benben town When the war came, there was no source of income so I came to Benben town to burn charcoal, and bought a steel mill, and started investing in rubber that I never cut. I built a house with five bedrooms and I have a sugarcane farm. Zinc roof on the house. Morris is well established. His plans: Wants help from government to help with funds to be relocated to Makpeh Clan. If compensated I will take my compensation to relocate to Makpeh Clan. I planted rubber in I have pepper garden on 1 acre plot. I would relocate to Train exchange way. Mohammed Sow: I came here 7 years ago, I came here to fish on the hydro for 10 years. I am a fisherman previously. I changed this vocation to business man. My plan: some retail business is what I engaged in. I want to go on the road to do foreign exchange at my relocation site. I have 2-bedrooms, 3 houses here at Benben. One zinc house and two mud houses. Ten fula people living in Benben. William Kolubah: I am from Harrisburg. Came to Benben in Was attracted to Benben by my father that was living here. My father said that the place was bought before the hydro was constructed. The government bought the place. Moses Forkpah: Born in Mount Coffee, old mambu town. Came to Benben and has 5 gola trees, 3 plum trees. I want to be relocated to Zoe Township. Mamadan Jallah: Came to Benben town five years to dig gold. Renting from Mr. Sow. Doesn t have anything, prepared to vacate upon government orders. Kangoman Sipi: Born in Mount Coffee Township, zoloman town. Came to Benben town in 2001 because my people were leaving there, I was living in Bomi County. I have four mud houses in Benben, I have a water pump. I am prepared to leave at any time for Bomi to be relocated. Mammdee Jalloh: I am 3 years now in Benben and I am doing business. I have one thatched house.

177 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 153 Christian Gabriel Mathis: I am from White Plains. In Benben I farm and make charcoal. I have a thatched house. I have lived in Benben since I want to be relocated to Whiteplains. I also want to continue with farming after relocation. Morris T. Gibson: I came to Benben in 2008 to mine gold. I have a video club and a house. I have a wife. For relocation I would go back to Monrovia. I have 3 water pump machines. I would appreciate whatever relocation package government has for me. Jimmy Kandeh: I was born in Benben in Benben old town. Born in 1943 in old Benben. My father took me to Todee. I have ten orange trees and five kola trees. I have a thatched house. Alexander Urey: I established the village along with my father. Son of Tommy Urey. Zuo Taye Zuo: I come from Karnplay, Nimba County. I was born in 1954 and left Karnplay in 2002 for Dennis Farm in Margibi County. I came to Benben in Table 13-11: Participants, Men s FGD Benben Town, July 2nd, 2012 No. Name Occupation Relocate to 1 Mamadou Jolloh Businessman 2 Mamaja Jalloh Businessman 3 Morris Yankabah Farmer Makpeh Clan 4 Emmanuel Kolubah Farmer 5 Jimmy Tantan Farmer 6 Mohammed Sow Businessman 7 Moses Forkpah Businessman / Farmer Zoe Township 8 Morris T. Gibson Businessman / Farmer Monrovia 9 Alex Urey Farmer 10 Kangoman Sipi Businessman / Farmer Bomi 11 Christian G. Mathis Farmer White Plains 12 Tommy Urey Businessman / Farmer 13 James Yarsiah (Town chief) Businessman / Farmer Mt. Coffee Township, Todee District 14 Alfred Williams, Sr Miner

178 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 154 A2.8 Summary Report on Focus Group Discussions with Women at Wenekai District: Carysburg Township: Harrisburg Date of FGD: 9 th July, 2012 Name of Facilitator: Imelda Yhr and Noelle Number of Participants: (Interviewed 6) Table 13-12: List of Participants, Women Wenekai Name of Participant Age Gender Occupation Settlement 1 Tene Michelle Flomo 42 Female Farmer Wenekai 2 Evonne Nuwayi Kekala 39 Female Farmer Wenekai 3 Annie Sumo 30 Female Farmer Wenekai 4 Yamah Freeman Female Farmer Wenekai 5 Kou Mehn Female Farmer Wenekai 6 Margaret Hefo Female Farmer Wenekai The Settlement of Wenekai has eight houses. Kitchens were also observed as structures separate from the main house. One of the houses has five families, each living in their separate quarters. The settlement has no schools, markets, health centre or religious facilities (mosque or church) in the settlement. Water for cooking and drinking is collected from the creek, while river water is used for bathing and washing clothes. Women were preparing the fields and planting rice. The interviewers then decided to go out to them and carry out the interviews while they worked. The aim of the exercise was to find out what their main occupation was and what alternative livelihood activity they would like to engage in at their preferred resettlement sites. The occasion was also used to solicit information on the existing social, cultural and economic infrastructure in the settlement. The discussions revealed that the women were farmers belonging to a group, Kukatono meaning: We are one. They all helped each other in preparing each other s fields. The crops they cultivated (rice, cassava and pepper) were mainly for household consumption. Cassava was the only crop that was sometimes sold, should they have excess of it. We are all in this group and we help each other in farming. Most of what we plant is used as food in our homes. I am the leader of our group called Kukatono. Tene Flomo, 42 years old. If we move from here we will move back to Raymond camp where we used to stay before and continue to farm. I have to feed my family so I will continue farming after I get some land. Annie Sumo, 30 years old. They were asked what they knew about the Mt. Coffee Hydro Power. They could remember that they were young at the time and lived at Raymond Camp. They do not remember much about the hydro power. When the dam stopped operating they moved to their present location after the war. The choice of settling in Wenekai after the war

179 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 155 was because there was good farming land, even though this is quite some distance from their houses. I was small when the hydro was built Yamah Freeman, age xx and Margaret Hefo, age xx Here there was good land when the water was not there anymore, so with a family this was good for farming. I know the farm is a bit far but the soil is good and there is plenty of land. Annie Sumo, 30 years old. Question: But if you have to move now, how do you feel? Where would you like to move to if this place gets flooded because of repairing the dam? I came from Nima after the war. I have 10 children and no husband. I want to move to Raymond Camp. There I can pay L$ 250 for a plot for a house. Kou Mehn, age xx. She (Kou Mehn) wanted to know if the project gave her money and she decided not to move to Raymond camp but elsewhere to build a house, and gave her children up for adoption, whether this would be okay. She was told that she will not get money and she does not have to give up her children. She can be trained to have skills and continue fending for her children. Then I want to learn how to sew and read and write and numbers (adult literacy), Kou Mehn The discussion revealed that Raymond Camp was their preferred resettling place mainly due to it being close to their present settlement. Raymond Camp also has a health post and a school. They felt that it was positive if the dam was rehabilitated as there would be more people and this would be good for business. However, they preferred to continue farming but also acquire new skills. It was revealed that they could see the advantages of the hydro in terms of having light and improved services (health facility with beds, good roads, work opportunity, and the creation of more businesses). Question: What else would you like to do that can help you make sure that there is enough food for your family? The women expressed that if they stayed at Raymond Camp they would have other jobs when construction of the dam started. They could make food and sell to the workers at the site. The discussion revealed that the women have elementary schooling and when asked how the project could help them, they insisted that continued farming as a group was preferred. However, on further discussions they understood that if they could read, write and count then they stood a better chance of starting small businesses. The project can help us with vocational training, soap making, tailoring. Nuwayi Evonne, age 39. I want to continue farming but also learn to sew and book-keeping (numbers), Annie Sumo, age 30.

180 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 156 Alternative livelihood strategies chosen include: better techniques in farming to augment production/yields, adult literacy, book keeping, vocational skills in, for example, soap making and sewing. Question: Where do you get your water for cooking and drinking? Wenekai women fish at the river and whatever catch they make is mostly used for consumption in the home, however, some fish is dried and sold, but this is not much. They fish when the water is low during the dry season. Water from the river is also used for washing clothes and bathing. At a higher altitude there is a creek and water from here is used for drinking and cooking. They informed that this water was cleaner than the one at the river. We don t use the water where we wash and bath for cooking. It is cleaner at the creek and this is what we use for drinking and cooking. Yamah Freeman The respondents were thanked for answering the questions and giving the interviewers ideas on what they wanted from the project. The moderators asked if they could come back if more information was needed from the women. In conclusion, the respondents prefer to continue farming but also obtain skills that could help them earn an income. They are accustomed to working as a group and presumably that is why they prefer to resettle at the same site so as not to break the existing social network. The women revealed that they can buy a plot of land to build their own house at Raymond Camp. None of the respondents recall how it was when the hydro power was operational, even though they lived at Raymond camp at the time. Only one respondent moved from Nimba to the present settlement. The decisive factors for selecting new relocation sites is tied to the presence of better social infrastructure like a health post or school. They expect the project to improve roads and are of the opinion that the project is good for the area and Liberia as a whole. A second impromptu field visit with the Donors and other stakeholders on 18 th July, 2012 found women packing charcoal that had already been produced when the farmland had been cleared when preparing land for sowing. Note that Wenekai is a major producer of charcoal.

181 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 157 Focus Group Discussions with Men and Youth at Wenekai with HHs from Shellen, Erik and Wenekai Settlements. 9 th July, 2012 Since these settlements are close to each other, the FDGs were taken as one with participants having been alerted in advance. While the men were already gathered, the Consultant chose to go to the field where women were in the process of sowing rice and preparing the fields for planting. See summary of Women s FGD at the beginning of Annex 2.8. This approach enabled the women to continue their work and the Consultant could observe what they were doing and also note that the rich black cotton soil of the fields reconfirmed the women s knowledge of fertile soil. It also confirmed that the fields will most likely be submerged when water reaches the FSL of m asl. SHELLEN I am Daniel Barker (62 years of age) and was 13 years when the Hydro plant was constructed. I was born in Power Plant in Harrisburg. In 1996 I moved to Shellen, I built a four bed-roomed house covered with zinc. I have a rubber farm, I started planting my rubber in 1997 up to present I have vigorous trees; and only 200 or more trees are ready for tapping. In 1996, I planted five oil palm trees, along with 100 trees of coffee which covered 2.5 acres. The rubber covered 15 acres. I am old for learning, can only continue my farming activities. For resettlement, I can move back in Harrisburg where my father built a house. Marcus Flomo (34 years old); came to Shellen in He has basic agriculture training and grows vegetables. Presently he is growing pepper, bitter ball, and along with corn and cassava. He lives in Raymond Camp; he does not have any house of his own. He would like to have advanced training in agriculture/farming. Sisco Clinton is 31 years old. He was 14 years old when he moved in Shellen. He resides in Raymond Camp. He is involved in cassava cultivation. In 1995 he started planting rubber and up to now has 900 rubber trees. He wants to be trained as a carpenter. Abraham Flomo is 31 years old; born in Raymond Camp. Moved in Shellen from Raymond Camp in He has 700 rubber trees, four years old. He prefers resettling back in Raymond Camp. In terms of training, he would like to be an auto-mechanic. Augustine Dixon (42 years old); is a professional driver. He moved to Shellen in He has a two bed-roomed house covered with thatch. Farming on 2.5 acres, where he is cultivating crops such as cassava, corn eddoes and plantain. He has been living in Shellen for seven years. He came from Bensonville where his father owns a house. He like would to be resettled in Monrovia to continue his driving profession. Moses Sackie is 52 years old; he moved to Shellen in 2004 from Kakata to live with his brother-law. He grows cassava on a four acres farm. He wants to resettle in Kakata to continue farming activities. A. Brown is 35 years old who migrated from Clara town, Monrovia to resettle in Shellen in 2002 from Clara. He is involved with intercropping on two acres planted with plantains, cassava and corn. He has a two bed roomed house covered with thatch. For resettlement, he would like to move back to Clara town in Monrovia. He wants to be trained as an auto mechanic. Andrew Tengbah is 48 years old; moved to Shellen in 2002 and established his own village called Andrew Tengbeh. He has two thatch-roofed houses, each has two bed

182 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 158 rooms. He has two acres farm land; along with a power saw. Andrew is to go back to Raymond Camp to continue his farming activities. Carmue Martor is 46 years old; moved to Shellen from Raymond Camp in He has two houses with zinc roofs; one has two rooms and the other three rooms. In 1998 he planted 500 rubber trees on seven acres. He is also a fisherman and has two power saws. He wants to move back to Raymond Camp where he has a house. James Kollie is 42 years old. He moved to Shellen from Raymond Camp in 197I. He has 700 rubber trees; which he started planting in 1999 and covers 7.5 acres of land. He also grows vegetables such as eggplant, okra, bitter ball and pepper in the field which covers five (5) acres. He also does fishing. He would like to move back to Raymond Camp in case he has to relocate. WENEKAI Town Chief, James B. David 47 years old, married to Margaret David 46 years. The family came from Raymond Campo and settled in Wenekai in He is engaged in tree crops farming and has 360 head of pineapple covering two acres; 48 cocoa trees covering two acres. He also has orange trees and these are on 1.5 acres of land. He prefers moving the family back to Gabatala in Bong County to continue his farming. Tetee Juah, 32 years old, married to Francis Jauh, 40 years old. They moved to Wenekai in 2003 from behind Totota in Bong County. They have planted over 300 rubber trees which covered 5 ½ acres, and also planted 150 heads of pineapple on 3 ½ acres of land. For resettlement, they would like to go back to Totota, Bong County to continue farming. Nyamah Saysay 54 years old, married to John Mator 56 years old. The family has a thatch house with two rooms. No tree crop farm. They grow only rice and cassava. They are from Gbanga, Bong County. For resettlement, they would like to Bong County to continue farming. James K. Sumo, 39 years old; he came to Wenekai in 1990 from Bong County. He claimed to have 275 trees of rubber planted in He has a two bed roomed house covered with thatch. For resettlement, he wants to go back to Raymond Camp; and would like to be trained as a construction man. Edwin Mulbah, 32 years old; he came to Wenekai in He has a one roomed house covered with thatch. He grows rice with cassava. He is a high school graduate from Victory Chapel in For training, he wants to be trained as either driver or carpenter. He prefers moving to Fendell. James B. Wallah, 44 years old; is married to Mary Wallah, 23 years old. They left Monrovia for Wenekai in The family has a two bed roomed house covered with thatch. They have 50 heads of pineapple and also grow rice and cassava on the farm to sustain them. For training, Wallah wants to be trained as an auto-mechanic and Mary wants to be trained as a classroom teacher. The couple wants to be resettled in Monrovia. Lincoln Mitchell, 44 years old; married to Tenneh Mitchell 38 years old. In 1995 the couple left Bong County to settle in Wenekai. They have a two bed roomed house covered with a zinc roof. The couple has 10 trees of oranges, 7 trees of plums and 45

183 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 159 heads of pineapple. They also have a rice farm. For resettlement, they would like to move to Millsburg and Mitchell would like to be trained as an auto-mechanic. Charles Konah, 32 years old, moved to Wenekai in He has two thatched houses, one with three bed rooms and the other with one bed room. He planted four acres of rubber. For resettlement, he would like to go back to Raymond Camp and continue his farming activities. ERIC Eric Flomo is 42 years old, married to Marie Flomo 46 years. In 2001, he built Eric Town. Comprises of three thatched houses, each has two rooms. In 2003 he planted 100 rubber trees along with 15 oil palm trees. He is engaged in rice and cassava farming. They family has six children: three girls and three boys; and with six other boys who stay with them. The civil war drove them from Raymond Camp. For resettlement, they will move back to Raymond Camp and continue their farming activities. Eric would like to be trained as an auto mechanic. Benjamin Johnson, 64 years old, married to Esther Johnson 50 years old. The couple has seven children: four girls and three boys. The couple grows rice and cassava on four acres. For resettlement, the couple would like to move back to Raymond Camp. Emmanuel Freeman, 44 years old married to Zoe Freeman, 30 years old. The couple has a two bed roomed thatched house. They are blessed with five children: two boys and three girls. The couple came from Monrovia in They grow 700 heads of pineapple on four acres of land. They also grow rice to sustain the family. They would like to be resettled in Monrovia. Table 13-13: Livelihood FGD Shellen, Wenekai and Eric Men and Youth, 9th July, 2012 No. Name Ag Occupation Settlement Relocate to e 1 Daniel Barker 62 Farmer Shellen Harrisburg 2 Marcus Flomo 34 Farmer Shellen Raymond C 3 Sisco Clinton 31 Farmer Shellen Raymond C 4 Abraham Flomo 31 Farmer Shellen Raymond Camp 5 Augustine Dixon 42 Driver & Farmer Shellen Monrovia 6 Moses Sackie 52 Farmer Shellen Kakata 7 A. Brown 35 Farmer Shellen Clara town Monrovia 8 Andrew Tengbah 48 Farmer Shellen Raymond Camp 9 Carmue Martor 46 Farmer /Fisherman Shellen Raymond Camp 10 James Kollie 42 Farmer/Fisherman Shellen Raymond Camp 11 TC James B. David 47 Farmer Wenekai Gabatala, Bong C. 12 Tetee Juah 32 Farmer Wenekai Totota, Bong County 13 Nyamah Saysay 54 Farmer Wenekai Bongo County 14 James K. Sumo 39 Farmer Wenekai Raymond Camp 15 Edwin Mulbah 32 Farmer Wenekai Fendell 16 James B. Wallah 44 Farmer Wenekai Monrovia 17 Lincoln Mitchell 44 Farmer Wenekai Millsburg 18 Charles Konah 32 Rubber Farmer Wenekai Raymond Camp 19 Eric Flomo (Founder) 42 Farmer Eric Raymond Camp 20 Benjamin Johnson 64 Farmer Eric Raymond Camp 21 Emmanuel Freeman 44 Farmer Eric Monrovia

184 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 160 A2.9 Focus Group Discussions with HHs in Sumo Settlement, 28th October, 2012 David Sumo is 56 years old and the founder of Sumo settlement; his original home settlement is Arthington. During the discussion, David indicated that once government wants the land, he has no objection but to return to his village where he hopes to continue farming. He prays that the compensation from the government will be good enough to settle his family. He claimed to have young rubber farm that has not been taped. The family cultivates about five areas of mixed cropping rice, cassava and vegetable. They live under zinc roof that has three bed rooms where the three family members reside. David Sumo has a 25 years old son called Joseph Sumo who is married to Baby-girl Joe. The couple is blessed with a son and daughter at two and three years, respectively. According to Joseph, once his father has decided to take them back to Arthington, he sees nothing wrong with relocation. He lives on farming and helped his father in maintaining their young rubber farm. The family lives in a two-bed roomed zinc house. Farma Zinnah is 27 years of age and married to the daughter of David Sumo. The family has a two-bed roomed zinc house where they and their two children live. The family livelihood is farming. Table 13-14: Livelihood FGD Sumo Settlment Men and Youth, 28th October, 2012 No. Name Age Occupation Settlement Relocate to 1 David Sumo 56 Farmer Sumo Arthington 2 Joseph Sumo 25 Farmer Sumo Arthington 3 Farma Zinnah 27 Farmer Sumo Arthington

185 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 161 A2.10 Consultative Meeting with Town Chiefs, 22 nd March & 21 st April, 2012 Background In conducting the rapid rural appraisal (RRA) for the profiling of the communities, a team of four knowledgeable members was selected and charged with the responsibility of helping the Consultant in a relatively short but intensive period (April 14 to May 7, 2012) of gathering data on the identified sites. A workshop was conducted by the national consultant at which time the local enumerators/profilers were given detailed fieldwork plan. They were cautioned about meeting the local authorities in each of the settlements. This provided some basic information as to what the people were doing and the appropriate time, etc. The actual recognizance of the Consultant s Sociological team started March 22, 2012, key informants consisting of Town Chief Wilmot Dennis and his council of elders met with RRA team at Raymond Camp. The key message from the team was that there will be community profiling; and gathering the community a in particular location or having a town hall may not be necessary as the team decided not to eat into the people s time. Instead, please expect any of the team members to meet you on your farm or anywhere within the community once you have few minutes to give to the team during the RRA. Major concerns that cropped up included: good road to facilitate free movement of goods and services; better school to enable the children settlement learn and job creation for the people. On that very day, the team visited Wenekai settlement; where they met Town Chief James David raised his concerns. Concerns were: how they were to continue farming? The settlement wanted compensation for their houses/huts. The last settlement visited by the team on that day was Shellen. Town Chief Camue Martor and counsel elders main apprehension was the live trees like rubber planted and how they were to be compensated. Raymond Camp, Wenekai and Shellen are under the Township of Harrisburg, Caresbury District. The District Commissioner is Hon. Samuel T. Miller. Gbally Village in Arthington City in St. Paul District with Hon. Christina Lawrence serving as the City Mayor. Town Chief Joseph Johnson and the elders major concern was stopping their illicit mining of gold and the conduct of their farming activities. This community is requesting a compensation for any relocation. This settlement was visited on April 21, David Sumo Town Chief along with his in-law were met on April 21, Besides resettlement, this three-hut settlement was worried about their fishing grounds. Benben Town was visited by the team on March 22, The team members were Ms. Imelda Yhr, Mr Frank Goodin and Brother Sam along with Wollor Topor. Some background information on the settlements, size of the population in the settlements and economic activities, social infrastructure and network in the settlement and their concerns about relocation was obtained. Concerns here were compensation for life trees such as rubber. Besides these recognizance meetings, there was a big meeting held on Monday March 5, in Gbande Town located on the outskirts of Arthington.

186 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 162 Table 13-15: List of Local Leaders, Local Administration and Chiefs Met Date Name Position Settlement Wilmont Dennis Town Chief Raymond Camp Council of Elders Raymond Camp James David Town Chief Wenekai Camue Martor Town Chief Shellen Council of Elders Shellen Joseph Johnson Town Chief Gbally Elders Gbally David Sumo Town Chief Sumo

187 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 163 A2.11 Participants Having Agriculture and Fishing Activities. A Fisheries Leaders Contacted in the Project Area Surnames and given names Table 13-16: Village group fisheries leaders and contacts. Quality Nber of fishers censed in the village Village name Morris Swaray Town chief 22 Zanna town (Clay Ashland), right side, down stream Contact (N mobile phone) Fredrick A. Brown Teacher 108 Banee town Mrs Bandu Koroma Chair lady Idem Banee town Idem Lasana Kroma Contact Idem Idem Emmett Johnston Contact 49 Fofee (Lousiana) Georges Jones Leader 35 Geeto town Jackson Kennedy Leader 21 Vanyi town Sarah Mulba Women leader +17 Idem Idem Rolland Brigges Town chief Borbor town Molley Fofee Town chief Idem Fofee James Carter 29 White palms Samuel Ford Town chief 66 Harrisburg Sarah Swaray Women leader Idem Harrisburg Aloysius Sewerd 104 Raymond camp Alphonsus Dreks Leader 100 Mullsburg/Arringthon C/O Sam Y. Garwoloquoi, phone A Lists of Fishermen Visited and Interviewed During the Study Village: Vanyi town Date: 15/02/2012 Hour start 11h50 end 14 h00 N Surname and given names Age or birth year WOMEN Matrimonial statut/nber children Study level/starting fishing activity or fish farming or fish marketing Main gear (line, net, cast net, etc.) Contact and observations phone contact, quality, other info) 01 Ehen koto 30 M/7 7 Primary Net Bindu 34 M/4 1 Primary Net 03 Messassaki 32 M/3 Illiterate Net 04 Sarah Mulba 43 M/5 2 Primary Net Sarah Maley 37 M/4 Illiterate CastNet +Gillnet 06 Maasa Vany 24 M/5 Illiterate Net Beatrice Wama 34 M/5 Illiterate Net 08 Kema Moloba 40 M/7 Illiterate Net 09 Limou Benson 33 M/6 Illiterate Net 10 Louise Pensiu 28 M/5 Illiterate Net 11 Louise Fopwa 34 M/9 Illiterate Net Abs; potential leader 12 Fatu Aamma 25 M/3 7 Primary Net 13 Assta Tamma 20 M/1 2 Primary Net 14 Somo Uoo 27 M/5 5Primary Net 15 Asstu Saki 39 M/8 Illiterate Net

188 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Fatu kennedy 28 M/3 2 Primary Net 17 Fanta Tamma 27 M/4 1Primary Net MEN 18 J.Fayiah Varney 49 M/9 O level teacher Net 19 Edwain Maller 66 M/4 Illiterate Net 20 Konah Zeiglah 36 M/6 Illiterate Net 21 Edmond P.Sorka 33 M/6 1Primary Net 22 Daniel Fortspa 32 M/3 3Primary Net 23 James Fortspah 44 M/10 3Primary Net 24 Mosses Flomo 39 M/4 4 Primary Net 25 James lartey 34 M/7 4 Primary Net 26 George Hunter 44 M/5 6 Primary Net 27 Joseph Nathanaeil 33 M/4 4 Primary Net 28 Gabriel Domah 30 M/4 Secondry 9 Net (leader) Mosses Fortspah 30 M/4 Secondry 2 Net 30 Jackson Lim kennedy 29 M/3 Secondry 10 Net Jospeh kolie 44 M/5 2 Primary 32 James kollie 27 M/4 2 Primary 33 J. witty Ezeiglah 28 M/3 2 Primary 34 Jessy Soorkai 29 M/1 10 Net 35 Sameson Sabah 26 M/3 6 Net War Kolli 23 M/1 37 Anthony Kenndy 42 M/2 38 Bossy kennedy 22 M/2 7 Net 39 Old Frombog 42 M/3 40 Kekuioh Frombog 30 M/3 Village : Millsbury/Zakama main gate.date: 16/02/2012 Hour start 14h30 End:16h15 N Surname and given names Age or birth year Matrimonial statut/nber children Study level/startin fishing activity or fish farming or fish marketing Main gear (line, net cast ) Contact and observations, phone nber, quality, other info) 01 James Gronavoloquoi 33 M/5 High School Net Lincoln Hoggord 42 M/3 High School Net Samuel Yenkor 72 M/3 Illiterate Net 04 Reabel Yenkor 42 M/3 Illiterate Net Mrs sam 05 Thomas Johnson 51 M/2 High School Line Graybuo Gaononkomes 32 M/5 High School Net Mrs james 07 David Gaononkomes 49 M/13 High School Net Old Diggs 34 M/5 High School Net 09 Junior Woods 31 M/1 High School Line 10 David Pewce 20 High School Line 11 Jackson Sumo 18 High School Net 12 James Dartus 18 Illiterate Line Godler Kenndy 18 Illiterate Line 6 14 Alfred Kollie 23 B/1 High School Net 15 Daniel Y. Mullah 66 M/4 High School Line Bestman Kenned 39 M/5 Illiterate Line 17 Kakula Firba 31 M/4 Illiterate Net 18 David Firboy 31 M/2 Illiterate Net Thomas Koker 55 M/8 High School Line Herry Japan 75 M/2 Illiterate Line 21 Youguoi kowu 25 M/1 High School Net 22 Alphonso Diggs 32 M/5 High School Net Koiwu Zakama 44 M/4 High School Net

189 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Konmaze Kuwu 38 M/ Simeon Hoggod 30 Abs 26 Papay gibadarwu 31 M/3 5 Primary Net Jyouguoi Gaflor 32 M/3 9 Primary Cast Forday damtus 43 M/3 8Primary Joseph Obie 38 M/1 7Primary Solomon Obie 33 Abs 31 Abrahm Gabomdah Jerw wright 35 M/14 5 Primary Arther Morris 62 M/3 2 Primary 34 Mose Moore 39 M/1 35 Mose Kolubah 23 M/ Forkpah kolubah 28 Abs 37 Momo Hoggod 38 M/2 38 Samuel Gbanjarh 21 M/ James Wilson 30 M/3 40 Peter Fiomo 33 M/3 Village : Arrighton-Gate town Date: 16/02/2012 N Surname and given Age or birth names year Hour start 14h15 End: Matrimonial Study level/startin statut/nber fishing activity or children fish farming or fish marketing Main gear (line, net cast ) Contact and observations phone nber, quality, other info) 01 Korpo zakama 42 M/6 ABC Net Mary Morres 45 M/5 ABC Net 03 Rose Clemens 38 M/5 ABC Fishing farmer - 04 Konah Morris 49 M/6 ABC Line/net/basket 05 Lorpu Sumo 40 M/6 ABC Line/net/basket 06 Rebbeca Killeu 33 M/1 ABC Line/net/basket 07 Pallahn Sumo 37 M/4 ABC Line/net/basket Satta Clemen 65 M/11 ABC Line/net/basket 09 Kebbeh Hossard 37 M/4 ABC Line/net/basket 10 Kebbeh Kollie 25 M/3 ABC Line/net/basket 11 Tumu Wrin 40 M/4 ABC Line/net/basket 12 James Victoria Hossard 27 M/1 ABC Line/net/basket 13 Saran Hossard 40 M/4 ABC Line/net/basket 14 Confort Jimmy 36 M/5 ABC Line/net/basket 15 Ganmai Kenneh 41 M/2 ABC Line/net/basket 16 Cathrine Wright 26 M/1 ABC Line/net/basket 17 Rosephine 25 M/1 ABC Line/net/basket 18 Musu Vamer 24 M/1 ABC Line/net/basket 19 Mama Fiomo 48 M/4 ABC Line/net/basket 20 Siah Zakama 28 M/4 ABC Line/net/basket 21 EBUM Kioh 29 M/2 ABC Line/net/basket 22 Konah 38 M/6 ABC Line/net/basket 23 Rose Mulban 16 M/4 ABC Line/net/basket 24 Kebbeh sumo 24 M/1 ABC Line/net/basket 25 Fatu Wright 34 M/4 ABC Line/net/basket 26 Konto Gayflor 39 M/4 ABC Line/net/basket 27 Konto Kolubah 38 M/1 ABC Line/net/basket 28 Garmai Kolubah 28 M/2 ABC Line/net/basket 29 Garmai Gbabanwu 28 M/2 ABC Line/net/basket 30 Kiubo Garwoloquoi 39 M/13 ABC Line/net/basket 31 Esther Diggs 38 M/3 ABC Line/net/basket 32 Louise Diggs 41 M/2 ABC Line/net/basket

190 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Maitta Wright 42 M/3 ABC Line/net/basket 34 Orthu Obie 39 M/5 ABC Line/net/basket 35 Noimi Obie 30 M/2 ABC Line/net/basket 36 Hawa Obie 49 M/5 ABC Line/net/basket 37 Cecilia Obie 50 M/6 ABC Line/net/basket 38 Musu Hill 50 M/2 ABC Line/net/basket 39 Meta Wright 27 M/3 ABC Line/net/basket 40 Yamga Sumo 33 M/4 ABC Line/net/basket 41 Kannah Sumo 49 M/4 ABC Line/net/basket 42 Godma Will 39 M/1 ABC Line/net/basket 43 Bastty Kamah 24 M/4 ABC Line/net/basket 44 Babay kenneh 64 M/5 ABC Line/net/basket 45 Kiubo Sumo 40 M/5 ABC Line/net/basket 46 Jenneh Wright 65 M/20 ABC Line/net/basket 47 Esther Sackeq 20 M/2 ABC Line/net/basket 48 Junior Gbagarwu 49 Bestman Kenndy 50 John Obie 51 Arthur Clemens 52 William Wright 53 Joseph Clemens 54 Gballah Clemens 55 David Pewee 56 James Kesselee 57 David Mulbah 58 Jackson Sumo Village : Geeto-town Date: 17/02/2012 Hour start 10h15 End:12h00 GPS N W N Surname and given names Age or birth year Matrimonial statut/nber children Study level/startin fishing activity or fish farming or fish marketing Main gear (line, net cast ) Contact and observations phone nber, quality, other info) 01 George R. janes 40 M/6 9 grade Net Orsteen sodai 33 M/1 11 grade Net + Line Zubah sirleas 42 M/1 ABC Hook Fished dam 04 Musu Sackie 60 B/5 ABC Net Town leader 05 SANOE sackie 46 B/3 ABC NET 06 Botoe Gbassay 25 M/2 ABC Line Sabah Zazay 39 M/4 10 grade Line 08 Esther Saah 24 M/3 ABC Net 09 Aason Sokpah 27 M/5 10 Zolu Watson 45 M/2 3 grade Net + Line 11 Ealhman waxton 42 M/3 3 grade Hook 12 Fatu Sunday 33 M/6 ABC Net 13 Doris fiomo 43 M/6 3 grade Net 14 Dapa Kallah 41 M/5 ABC Net 15 Moses Lamah 39 M/9 ABC Line 16 Varney waxton 34 M/6 Abs Net 17 Fatu Johson 39 M/1 Abs Net 18 Decontee Soydee 28 M/2 Net 19 Varney Dulih 27 M/6 6 grade Net Abraham Garf 31 M/4 7 grade Net + Line 21 Morta Jones 31 M/2 6 grade Net +Line Mrs jones 22 Fomata Ganet 45 M/3 ABC Net 23 Joseph Gwlah 44 M/5 10 grade Net + Line

191 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Rancy Delgol 28 M/3 3 grade Net George kondu 67 M/6 3grade Net + Line Tennie Robert 60 M/4 ABC Basket 27 Mamie Morris (Mrs) 46 M/3 ABC Net 28 Fain Sunday 48 M/4 ABC Line 29 Rebecca Dumah 32 M/6 1 grade Net 30 Fatu Ballah 74 M/10 ABC Net 31 Mama Kollie 43 M/2 10 grade Net 32 Annie sanda 48 M/2 ABC Net 33 Musu Liesia 42 M/3 ABC Net 34 Kabah Mamolu 22 M/1 ABC Net 35 Yowo sackie 45 M/3 ABC Net 36 Humu jones 38 M/6 3 grade Net 37 Kpannah momolu 29 M/6 2 grade Net Village : Harrisburg /JosephRicks town Date: 17/02/2012 Hour start 15H15 End:16h40 N Surname and given names Age or birth year Matrimonial statut/nber children Study level/startin fishing activity or fish farming or fish marketing Main gear (line, net cast ) Contact and observations phone nber, quality, other info) 01 Mrs Meatta Gooding 45 M/5 Abs Ehen Carter 39 M/8 4 th Mrs Ehen Gooding 18 M/1 10 th Abs Net 04 John Banan 50 M/9 4 th Abs Net 05 John Blatch 30 M/2 6 th Abs Wilmot gooding 62 M/9 9 th Augustine Tarnue 46 M/6 M Bandu Kancce 25 M/4 6 th 09 Carthi Sackie 40 M/6 10 Viola Mcgee 20 M/2 4 th Abs Matta Paye 30 M/ Sengbah Morris 62 M/7 Abs Zoe Cooke M/4 Abs 14 Wiolmot Gooding 42 M/2 11 Abs 15 Gbaleh Smart 49 M/9 Abs 16 Henry Smart 22 M/ Thomas Thompson Abs Hawa Smart 20 6 Abs Abraham Armah 29 M/3 9Abs Joseph blackie 20 M/2 5 th Abs 21 Joseph Johnson 27 M/ Evans Gray Jr 28 M/ Wile Gooding 30 M/ Pricella Johnon 33 M/8 4 th James weah weah 30 M/ Famatta kessey 30 M/3 5 Primary Lydia Daniel 34 M/3 9 Primary Emmanuel Kennedy 70 M/3 8Primary Mrs Bonoper Nimmo 60 M/4 4 th Abraham Johnson 60 M/2 5 th 31 Mrs Korto Torpah 26 M/ Kerpoo Torpah 40 M/12 33 Stanley Michel 48 M/14 2 th Cora ricks 45 Abs M/ Abraham Torpah 41 M/3 5 th

192 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Christian Napah 24 M/2 7 th 37 Abranham kertuio 31 M/2 10 th Mumma Dukuly 30 M/4 4 th 39 Mary Harris(mrs harris) 45 M/5 6 th Philip Bass 30 M/4 7 th 41 Roseline Sickie 23 M/4 8 th 42 Leelia Harris 23 M/2 43 Alexander Harris 52 M/4 12 th Ibou sarwary Kadafi Jallo 30 M/ Diaoura touré 42 M/ Habakkuk Nuewoo 32 M/3 10 th Mapue stwart 40 M/3 8 th 49 Patrick Sumo 23 M/1 9 th 50 Hevricha Borkai 35 M/5 ABC 51 Alie Kerkula 36 M/ Angeline k.sumo 30 M/ Emma Holder 33 M/4 7 th 54 Samuel Ford M/6 10 th Village : Harrisburg/JosephRicks town, continue. Date: 17/02/2012 Hour start? End:18h20 N Surname and given names Age or birth year Matrimonial statut/nber children 01 George Zola 45 M/3 3 Study level/startin fishing activity or fish farming or fish marketing Main gear (line, net cast ) Contact and observations phone nber, quality, other info) 02 John Hiu 50 M/8 4 th Bormah Harris 42 M/1 Net Tenna Banda 72 M/9 8 Net 05 Alfred Ford 48 M/2 ABC - 06 Jartu Bando 38 M/9 7 th 07 Emmanuel Port 25 M/6 4 th Elizabeth Weeks 50 M/4 5 th Mammie Kennedy 37 M/ Victorial Tarnue 36 M/2 6 th 11 Emily Flomo 36 M/4 5 th Village : Raymond Camp Date: 17/02/2012 N Surname and given Age or birth names year Hour start 17h15 End:18h00 Matrimonial statut/nber children Study level/startin fishing activity or fish farming or fish marketing Main gear (line, net cast ) Contact and observations phone nber, quality, other info) 01 Harrison K. Sumo 62 M/2 10 TH Line J. Rolland F. Albert 50 M/6 High School Line Fahn Dennis 53 M/4 illiterate Line Town cheaf 04 James Torkpa 71 M/3 illiterate Line - 05 Korpor M.Albert 45 M/5 Elementary Net Frank Gooding 44 M/6 HSG Certificate Cast Nowah Flomo 64 M/5 illiterate Net Women Learder 08 John Gbanjahsr 72 M/9 illiterate Net 09 Daniel Kollie 50 M/6 illiterate Net 10 Nowahks Sumo 58 M/4 illiterate Net 11 Turmuh Sumo 49 M/4 6grade Net 12 Rebecca Goodling 37 M/6 HA degree Net Samuel kpadeak 50 M/7 - line Larsee Kpadeak 42 M/7 C Citi Net George Bass 50 M/5 High School Net

193 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Paul S.L. Harris 32 M/3 Graduate Line Henry Flomo 30 M/4 -grade Net Abraham Flomo 30 M/5 9grade Net Nathanael S. Koto 31 M/4 High School Net Amma Koto 29 M/3 7grade Net Sualiho Sheriff 27 M/1 - Line 22 Sisgo Clinton 31 M/7 6grade Net Alphonso Zoryar 29 M/2 7grade Net 24 Lucy Johnson 48 No -5 illiterate Net Daniel kollie 55 M/5 illiterate Net James kollie 38 M/9 Elementary Net 27 Alyosius Seword 44 M/6 Junior High Net 28 Mrs Jartu Cooper 38 M/4 29 Yassah kollie 40 M/9 illiterate Net 30 Kabbeh Johnson (Abs) 37 M/3 illiterate Net 31 Cecilia Seword 42 No-3 Elementary Net 32 Baby Dukuly 29 No-3 illiterate Net 33 Yarmah Wea weah 50 No-5 illiterate Net 34 David Wee ( Abs) 65 M/7 illiterate Net 35 Musu wee 55 M/7 illiterate Net 36 Asobe Grwoloyuis (Abs) 19 No Junior High Line 37 Alice Garwded ( Abs) 23 No-2 Junior High Line 38 Matthew clourke 48 M/2 Junior High Line Morris shemen ( Abs) 20 M/1 Junior High Line 40 Junior Sumo 20 M/2 illiterate Line 41 Gabriel Seword 18 No illiterate Line 42 Moses sumo 38 M/5 illiterate Net 43 James Tokpah 68 No-2 illiterate Line 44 Old Leady Diggs 30 M/4 illiterate Net Anthony Miller 19 No Junior high Net Patrick Clinton 23 Junior high Net 47 Rita Beah 18 No- 1 elementary Line 48 Satta Kennedy 18 M/1 Junior high Line Esther K. Johnson 45 M/6 illiterate Net Famatta Flomo 19 No-1 elementary Line 51 Jeedy Johnson 18 No Junior high Net 52 Garmah franklin 58 No-5 illiterate Net 53 Ruth Franklin 20 No-2 High School Net 54 Johnson Gayflor 42 No-3 High School Net 55 Ruth Clinton 33 M/4 Junior high Net 56 Gairmah Getoga 27 M/3 elementary Net 57 Mary Diggs 50 No-1 illiterate Net 58 Eveline Sirleaf 26 M/3 elementary Net 59 Nowoh Gataga 39 No-4 elementary Net 60 John Gbanjoh 29 M/3 Junior high Net Alex Miller 23 M/2 illiterate Net 62 Lucky boy Gbenjeh 26 M/3 illiterate Net 63 Ellen Hayes 35 M/4 elementary Net 64 Nowah Sumo 35 No-5 illiterate Net 65 Lorpu Flomo 68 No-12 illiterate Net 66 Mumia Harris 69 M/2 illiterate Net 67 Nowah Barker 53 No-8 illiterate Net 68 Evon Kerkola 52 M/5 illiterate Net 69 Abraham Sumo 18 No elementary Net

194 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Daniel Barker 59 M/10 illiterate Line 71 Josiah Diggs 45 M/4 teacher Line 72 Mamia Bass 40 M/5 illiterate Net James Flomo 68 M/5 illiterate Net 74 Reta bass 50 No- illiterate Net 75 Isaac dukaly 30 M/3 illiterate Net 76 Esther Mortor 40 No-6 illiterate Net 77 James A. Herris 53 M/4 Teacher Net 78 Oretha Miller 50 No-2 illiterate Net 79 Victory Tokpah 31 M/5 illiterate Net 80 David Freeman 36 No- Teacher Net 81 Reta Sir leaf 24 M/3 elementary Net 82 Hawa Padmore 32 M/4 illiterate Net 83 Kpimie Manamee 22 No- illiterate Net 84 Tumue Sumo 48 M/5 illiterate Net 85 John sumo 46 M/5 illiterate 86 Robert Norris 40 M/3 illiterate Net 87 James Dukuly 26 M/3 Teacher Net 88 Moses Sacckie 53 M/2 illiterate Net 89 Mumia Clinton 26 M/5 illiterate Net 90 Madia Wea-weah 22 M/4 illiterate - 91 Fatu kollie 25 M/2 illiterate 92 Elizabeath suah 37 M/4 High School 93 Sarah Dennis 52 M/4 illiterate 94 Musu Johnson 48 M/1 illiterate 95 Roselin Clinton 18 M/1 Student 96 Moses K. Sumo 34 M/4 illiterate 97 Samuel Gbanjoh 24 M/2 illiterate 98 Patrical Moses 32 M/3 Junior High 99 Garmah Gataga 60 No Cecilia Mortor 44 M/5 illiterate 101 Cenue Mortor 45 M/5 illiterate 102 Helena Nathanael 20 M/1 illiterate 103 Junior Flomo 22 No- illiterate 104 Moses Sumo Jr 18 No- illiterate 105 Prince S. Nunu Daniel Ford Aaron MONEYTOIL 15 Student 108 Esther B. johnson 48 M/2 illiterate 109 Mamie Daniel 39 M/3 Student 110 Miatta Coke 40 M/5 illiterate 111 Beatrice Diggs 40 No-4 Student 112 Nency Gataga 50 M/2 illiterate 113 James K. Sumo 40 M/6 Student 114 Lemue Harris 17 Student 115 Sarah Kollie 48 M/48 illiterate 116 Roy kollie 52 M/7 illiterate 117 Isaac Ricks 51 M/2 illiterate 118 Isaac Verfee 34 M/4 illiterate 119 Mulbah Zayzay 21 Student 120 Peter Flomo 27 M/3 Student 121 Daniel Barker 20 M/1 Student 122 Janetta Dukuly 20 Student 123 Joseph T. Johnson 50 M/7 Nurse

195 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Prince Robertson 18 Student 125 Charles Goodlin 16 Student 126 Attoh Clemens 32 M/10 Nurse 127 Mary Sayon 58 No-5 lliterate 128 Meliklee Paye 38 M/5 Nurse Village : White Plains Date: 20/02/2012 N Surname and given Age or birth names year Hour start 10h45 End:12h45 Matrimonial statut/nber children Study level/startin fishing activity or fish farming or fish marketing Main gear (line, net cast ) Contact and observations phone nber, quality, other info) 01 James Coker 44 M/5 9 Net Arthur Carter 48 M/2 12 Net David Kpalah 47 M/ Hannah Flomo 25 M/2 10 Hook 05 John Kpalah 50 M/5 13 Hook Wisdom Flomo 36 M/ Annie Kollie 45 M/10 10 Net Watta Kollie 58 M/13 10 Net Richard monge 48 abs 10 Mary Douweeh 40 Abs 11 Labah Railay 43 M/6 10 Net Justice 40 Abs 13 Bendu Kollie 28 Abs 14 Abraham Grogae 43 Abs 15 Panneh Harrie 48 Abs 16 Nora Grangaw 4( Abs ABC 17 Kpainsua Kolleh 50 M/7 10 Abs 18 Rabbar kolan Ester Brown 45 M/6 ABC net 20 Mane Geaga 30 M/7 ABC Handnet 21 Joseph Carter 47 M/5 6 Hook 22 Hawrane Robenks 52 M/4 20 Handnet Banda seimo 45 M/7 10 Hand net Patricea Changebath 28 M/ Zoo washinyton 47 M/7 5 net 26 William Mcgill 61 M/4 Dive+ Gun 27 Kapweh kollie 50 M/7 Hook 28 Augustine Kpameh 37 M/4 Hook Michel Gayah 27 M/2 Net 30 Lunneh Sumo 24 M/2 Net Mulbah J. Q. Sumo 57 M/7 Hook Village :Lousiana/ Fofee Date: 20/02/2012 Hour start 13h30 End:14h35 N Surname and given names Age or birth year Matrimonial statut/nber children Study level/startin fishing activity or fish farming or fish marketing Main gear (line, net cast ) Contact and observations phone nber, quality, other info) 01 Molley Fofee 45 M/6 Line Henry Clarke 34 M/3 Line 03 Emmtlen J. 35 M/3 Line Moses Padmeome 29 M/3 Line Alfred Mulbah 36 M/8 Line 06 Catherine Fofee 34 M/4 Net 07 Manee Togbah 35 M/4 Net 08 Massa Dixon 18 M/1 Net 09 Timay Sumo 37 M/1 Net

196 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Fatta Kamara 34 M/6 Net 11 Kpamah Mulbulm 31 M/8 Net 12 Helena Cole 32 M/3 Net 13 Robert Fofee 37 M/1 Net 14 Joseph Kamera 19 M/2 Net 15 Mary Toybad 39 M/3 Net 16 Mane Stremon 29 M/3 Net 17 Kamah Kalie 26 M/3 Net 18 Jefforson Bram 34 M/2 Net 19 Jusu Dixon 44 M/1 Net 20 John Kollie 22 M/3 Net 21 Fayah Bono 29 M/4 Net 22 John Viapa 35 M/3 Net 23 Hawa kiazulu 39 M/3 Net 24 Lovette Bono 19 No- 6 th Net 25 Cathrine Tokpah 18 M/1 6 th Net Mary padmoore 40 M/2 Abs Net 27 Joe R. B. Perry 25 M/6 Abs Net Manie Kollie 25 M/3 Net 29 Satta kerkulah 30 M/3 Net Isaac Klleh 39 M/3 Net Mary kollie 40 M/7 ABC Net 32 Ojuku Dallon 25 M/1 Abs Net 33 Manie perry 29 M/6 Abs ABC Net 34 Moses Kerkulah 37 M/7 ABC Net Rebecca Moore 33 M/3 Abs Net 36 Johnny Moore 36 M/3 Abs 67 th Net 37 Wenned Mcgee 24 M/3 Net 38 Vennery Fofee 29 M/1 Abs Net 39 Sunday wessay 36 M/ Abs Net 40 Emmanuel Kamara 25 M/3 Abs Net 41 Prince massaguio 24 M/3 Abs Net 42 Ernest Zolue 28 M/2 Net Manie Samuel 20 M/2 Abs Net 44 Alice Gboyah 24 M/7 ABC Net 45 William Tolbert 40 M/5 8t h Net Bendu Fofee 70 M/4 Net 47 Vivian Houbelt 23 M/2 8 th Net 48 Kanah kerkulah 65 M/7 Net 49 Tete Broun 23 M/2 50 Watta Sirleaf Rachel Fick Moyo Faith 22 M/3 53 Korto Tokpah 65 Village: Banee Town Date: 21/02/2012 Hour start 10h00 End:? N Surname and given names Age or birth year Matrimonial statut/nber children Study level/startin fishing activity or fish farming or fish marketing Main gear (line, net cast ) Contact and observations phone nber, quality, other info) 01 Klomah lassana 58 M/ market Net Mathew Solsar 53 M/ market Line Fajuma kloma 84 M/ market Net 04 Ousma keita 40 M/ market Net + Line 05 Johnny kolah 48 M/ market line

197 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Manna Boika 50 M/ market Net 07 Jinny Carter 49 M/ market Net 08 Betty Fordy 75 M/ market Net 09 Fordy jah 59 M/9 1952market Net 10 Lassana Konah 28 M/ market Net Fatu Quit 38 M/ market Net 12 Varney Gbalay 55 M/7 1975market Net 13 Abu Baka 45 M/ market Line 14 Frank David 28 M/ market Net 15 James Darka 37 M/ market Net 16 David sumo 56 M/ market Line 17 Zinnah Sunday 49 M/ market Line 18 Edward Johnson 47 M/ market Line 19 David Dixon 38 M/4 1981market Net 20 Levi haggard 59 M/ market Net 21 Varnney Damah 56 M/5 1969market Net 22 Elijah T. Freeman 31 M/ market Net Fredrick brown 41 M/ market Net Jackson Robert 36 M/4 2000market Net 25 Robert Graham 69 M/ market Net 26 Joseph F. Johnson 45 M/ market Net 27 Tenny Kromah 42 M/ market Net 28 Fatu Kromah 41 M/ market Net 29 Fortto kromah 52 M/ market Net 30 Joseph Seabeyor 32 M/ market Net 31 Bandi loyar 35 M/ market Net 32 Fatu keita 45 M/ market Net 33 Sawo kamara 50 M/ market Net 34 Boika Dukuly 40 M/ market Net 35 Vanney Dukuly 75 M/ market Net 36 Famata Dukuly 65 M/ market Net 37 Lenna Domah 64 M/ market Net 38 Kamah William 28 M/5 1955market Net 39 Satta white 40 M/ market Net 40 Maima white 19 M/ market Net 41 Massa White 18 M/ market Net 42 Sanah Freeman 30 M/ market Net 43 Mama Brown 32 M/ market Net 44 Jesse Boika 45 M/ market Net 45 Ellen G.Mayor 40 M/2 2000market Net 46 Jartu Boika 40 M/ market Net 47 Jartu Bomah 27 M/ market Net 48 Doris Fuller 28 M/ market Net 49 Mamie Fordy 34 M/ market Net Bandu konah 47 M/ market Net 51 Roseline Gray 41 M/ market Net 52 Fatu Wilson 59 M/5 1990market Net 53 Hawah Stephane 45 M/2 1969market Net 54 Watta Dukuly 40 M/5 1975market Net 55 Satta Staward 34 M/ market Net 56 Jennet Sumo 49 M/ market Net 57 Bandu Haggaard 39 M/ market Net 58 Augustine Kpeh 34 M/ market Net 59 Charlie haggarg 40 M/ market Net

198 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Zennah Bandi 49 M/4 1999market Net 61 Hawah Doma 48 M/ market Net 62 John Gola 60 M/ market Net 63 Betty Graham 48 M/ market Net 64 Hawa Haggard 45 M/ market Net 65 Massa Konah 58 M/ market Net 66 Neomi Dixon 27 M/ market Net 67 Musu Wilson 52 M/ market Net Village: Banee Town Date: 21/02/2012 N Surname and given Age or birth names year Hour start 11h15 End: 14h45 Matrimonial statut/nber children Study level/starting fishing activity or fish farming or fish marketing 01 Sumo Migard 45 M/4 No market Net 02 Massa Migard 26 M/4 No market Net 03 Junior out 20 No market Net 04 Banda sumo 30 M/3 No market Net 05 Amula Kromah 30 M/4 No market line 06 Sinoe Japhan 41 M/7 No market Line 07 Zinnah Kona 22 M/2 No market Net 08 Fieggand Bois 56 M/ No market Net 09 Mama Dixon 28 M/4 No market Net 10 Moses Jacks 42 M/6 No market Net 11 Fama Zinneh 32 M/4 No market Net 12 Blama Kamara 20 No market Net 13 Nathanston Dixon 58 No market Line 14 Zoe Fordy 25 M/3 No market Net 15 Jennet Fordy 21 M/3 No market Net 16 Memah gbalay 75 M/4 No market Line 17 Ester Graham 40 No market Line 18 Johamah Graham 41 M/8 No market Line 19 Papa Graham 31 M/3 No market Net 20 Sinoe Hoggard 30 M/4 No market Net 21 Musa gola 43 M/8 No market 22 Lalieah 23 M/4 No market Net 23 Sinoe Boika 35 M/4 No market Net Main gear (line, net cast ) Contact and observations phone nber, quality, other info) Village: Zanna Clay Ashland Date: 21/02/2012 N Surname and given Age or birth names year Hour start 14h00 End: 18h00 Matrimonial Study level/startin statut/nber fishing activity or children fish farming or fish marketing Main gear (line, net cast ) Contact and observations phone nber, quality, other info) 01 James Clarke 40 M/7 School Net Momoh kamara 29 M/5 Net Morris Sularay 55 5 Net Lewis white 39 M/4 School Net Wragbo junior 43 M/6 School lnet 06 Judu kenneh 46 M/7 Net David Karo 39 M/3 Net Fish commander 08 Amdu kamara 54 M/10 Net 09 William Kabeht 44 M/3 School Net Emmanuel Tegbor 31 M/4 School Net 11 Masa kamara 45 M/10 12 Bendu Konneh Hawah William 34 3

199 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Confort Konneh 41 M/4 School 15 Princess Krbeht Satta Konneh 75 M/8 17 Mattannie Tollie Kronnah Donnie 76 M/5 19 Bendu Thomas Fatu Clark 39 M/9 21 Evelyn Gibson 39 M/6 School 22 Deborah Sunday 18 M/2 School 23 Masa Dukuly 32 M/4 24 Methan sularay 40 M/4

200 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 176 A Participants of Community Meeting and FGDs Held Concerning Agriculture Women Group (Raymond Camp) Date: February 16, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Lucy Johnson Female Small Business/Farmer Raymond Camp 2 Dasee kpadia Female Farmer Raymond Camp 3 Kpaine Manamee Female Farmer Raymond Camp 4 Cecelia Mator Female Farmer Raymond Camp 5 Martha N. Laywhyee Female Farmer Raymond Camp 6 Kou Laywhyee Female Farmer Raymond Camp 7 Easy Laywhyee Female Farmer Raymond Camp 8 Celecia Seward Female Small Business Raymond Camp 9 Mary Tengbe Female Farmer Raymond Camp 10 Kopo Albert Female Farmer Raymond Camp 11 Yamah Zayzay Female Farmer Raymond Camp 12 Esther Johnson Female Farmer Raymond Camp 13 Oretha Varney Female Farmer Raymond Camp 14 Siya Saah Female Small Business/ Farmer Raymond Camp 15 Noah Flomo Female Farmer Raymond Camp Youth Group (Raymond Camp). Date: February 16, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Nathaniel Koto Male Youth Leader/Farmer Raymond Camp 2 Alphonso Zoryou Male Farmer Raymond Camp 3 Sisco D. Clington Male Fisherman/farmer Raymond Camp 4 Henry Flomo Male Fisherman/farmer Raymond Camp 5 Paul S. Harris Male Fisherman/farmer Raymond Camp 6 Saleo Sheriff Male Farmer Raymond Camp 7 Josiah Diggs Male Farmer Raymond Camp 8 Samuel Rufus Male Farmer Raymond Camp COMMUNITY LEADERS ( Raymond Camp) Date: February 16, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Sam Gawoloquio Male Asst. Commissioner Raymond Camp 2 Samuel T. Miller Male District Commissioner Raymond Camp 3 Romed G. Saye Male Teacher Raymond Camp 4 Frank Goodling Male Farmer Raymond Camp 5 J. Roland Albert Male Farmer Raymond Camp 6 Mathew Clarke Male Farmer Raymond Camp 7 Daniel Barker Male Farmer Raymond Camp 8 David Wee Male Farmer Raymond Camp 9 Abraham Flomo Male Farmer Raymond Camp Meeting with a sample size of people from Gbally Village Date: March 10, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Famata Fuller Female Business/Farmer/Founder Gbally Village 2 Ousma Massaly Male Village Chief/Farmer Gbally Village

201 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Momo Ricks Male Farmer Gbally Village 4 Doris Fuller Female Farmer Gbally Village 5 Edwin Johnson Male Farmer Gbally Village 6 Massa Dukuly Female Farmer Gbally Village 7 Massa McGill Female Farmer Gbally Village 8 Orether Clay Female Farmer Gbally Village 9 Varney Dukuly Male Farmer Gbally Village 10 Wata Dukuly Female Female Gbally Village 11 Fatumato Keita Male Farmer Gbally Village Varney Town Date: February 18, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Jackson Kennedy Male Town Chief/Farmer Varney Town 2 Harllie Varney Male Farmer Varney Town 3 Edwin Mallet Male Farmer Varney Town 4 Joseph Kollie Male Farmer Varney Town 5 Zoe Kollie Female Farmer Varney Town 6 Edward D. Sackie Male Farmer Varney Town 7 Joseph Goll Male Farmer Varney Town 8 Gabriel Domah Male Farmer Varney Town 9 Philip Koto Male Farmer Varney Town 10 Joseph Collins Male Farmer Varney Town 11 Bendu Koto Female Farmer Varney Town 12 Yan Kollie Female Farmer Varney Town 13 Zinnah Thompson Male Farmer Varney Town 14 Mary Fineboy Female Farmer Varney Town 15 Gbellay Goyah Male Farmer Varney Town 16 Anthony Kennedy Male Farmer Varney Town Settlement: Gbandi Town Date: March 11, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Lasannah Kromah Male Town Chief Gbandi 2 Fajumah Kromah Male Farmer Gbandi 3 Varney Gbellay Male Farmer Gbandi 4 Varney Domah Male Farmer Gbandi 5 James Boakai Male Farmer Gbandi 6 Ellen Rugus Female Farmer Gbandi 7 Federick Brown Male Farmer Gbandi Community Meetings Settlement: Buzzel Quarter Date: February 17, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Robert Kerkulah Male Town Chief/farmer Buzzel Quarter 2 Thomas F. Johnson Male Farmer Buzzel Quarter 3 Samuel Gbanjah Male Farmer Buzzel Quarter 4 George A. Bass Male Farmer Buzzel Quarter 5 Mohameh Barig Male Farmer Buzzel Quarter

202 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page David Kerkulah Male Farmer Buzzel Quarter 7 Henry Wilson Male Farmer Buzzel Quarter 8 Gbanyan Zennah Male Farmer Buzzel Quarter 9 Maway Mulbah Female Farmer Buzzel Quarter 10 Jarlu Kerkulah Male Farmer Buzzel Quarter 11 Abraham O. Gbanjah Male Farmer Buzzel Quarter 12 Jefferson Brown Male Farmer Buzzel Quarter 13 Charles Konnah Male Farmer Buzzel Quarter James Daniel Town (Women Group ) February 18, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Cora Ricks Female Leader/Farmer James Daniel Town 2 Sarah Swaray Female Small Business James Daniel Town 3 Angeline K. Sumo Female Farmer James Daniel Town 4 Heritha Boakai Female Farmer James Daniel Town 5 Mary Miller Female Farmer James Daniel Town 6 Elizabeth Gono Female Farmer James Daniel Town 7 Eva Fineboy Female Farmer James Daniel Town 8 Mammie Diggs Female Farmer James Daniel Town 9 Lela Harris Female Farmer James Daniel Town 10 Koto kerkulah Female Farmer James Daniel Town 11 Kemah kerkulah Female Farmer James Daniel Town 12 Kpana Port Female Farmer James Daniel Town 13 Mawee Sirleaf Female Farmer James Daniel Town 14 Tete Bono Female Farmer James Daniel Town 15 Orether Kepa Female Farmer James Daniel Town 16 Elizabeth Clington Female Farmer James Daniel Town Settlement: James Daniel Town (Community Leaders) February 18, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Will Goodling Male Elder/farmer James Daniel Town 2 Wilmot Goodling Male Farmer James Daniel Town 3 Samuel Clington Male Farmer James Daniel Town 4 James Weaweah Male Farmer James Daniel Town 5 C. Swaray Male Town Chief James Daniel Town 6 Teanapu Mitchell Female Farmer James Daniel Town Community Meeting Settlement: Sumo Village Date: March 10, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 David Sumo Male Village Chief Sumo village 2 Joseph Sumo Male Farmer Sumo village 3 Janet Sumo Female Farmer Sumo village 4 Yamah Sumo Female Farmer Sumo village 5 Famah Zinnah Female Farmer Sumo village 6 Johnny Matthew Male Farmer Sumo village 7 John Sumo Male Farmer Sumo village

203 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 179 Settlement: James Mulbah Town Date: March 13, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Forpka Sackie Male Town Chief James Mulbah Town 2 Amos Tealeh Male Farmer James Mulbah Town 3 Joseph Monroe Male Farmer James Mulbah Town 4 Rufus Porkpateh Male Farmer James Mulbah Town 5 Konnah Campbell Female Farmer James Mulbah Town 6 Forday Sumo Male Farmer James Mulbah Town 7 John Paypay Male Farmer James Mulbah Town 8 Gbassy Padmore Male Farmer James Mulbah Town 9 James M. Kollie Male Farmer James Mulbah Town 10 William Flomo Male Farmer James Mulbah Town 11 Kebbeh Garneh female Farmer James Mulbah Town 12 Yatta Flomo Female Farmer James Mulbah Town 13 Fatu Tealeh Female Farmer James Mulbah Town 14 Gleekeh Padmore Female Farmer James Mulbah Town 15 Augustine Yangaba Male Farmer James Mulbah Town 16 David Belleh Male Farmer James Mulbah Town Settlement: Voinjama Date: February 17, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Prince E. Guanue, Male Farmer Voinjama 2 David Garwoloquoi Male Farmer Voinjama 3 Benjamin Kolubah Male Farmer Voinjama 4 Moses Kolubah Male Farmer Voinjama 5 Sackie Diggs Male Farmer Voinjama 6 David Mulbah Male Farmer Voinjama 7 KanzeeKowu Male Farmer Voinjama 8 Mary Diggs Female Farmer Voinjama Settlement: Markai Date: March 12, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Lasannah Konnah Male Town Chief / Farmer Markai 2 Varney Gbally Male Farmer Markai 3 Benu Konnah Male Farmer Markai 4 Zinnah Konnah Male Farmer Markai 5 Jimmy Carter Male Farmer Markai 6 Massa Konnah Male Farmer Markai 7 Johnny Kolleh Male Farmer Markai 8 John Otoo Male Farmer Markai 9 Sarah Female Farmer Markai Sarah Town Date: March 12, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Daniel Hoggar Male Town Chief Sarah Town 2 Lafy Huggar Male Farmer Sarah Town 3 Momo Huggar Male Fisherman/farmer Sarah Town

204 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Cruzer Huggar Male Elder/ founder Sarah Town 5 Vick Huggar Female Farmer Sarah Town 6 James Wilson Male Farmer Sarah Town 7 Lincoln Huggar Male Farmer Sarah Town 8 Bessy Kamara Female Farmer Sarah Town 9 Irene Korfeh Female Farmer Sarah Town Settlement: Benben Town March 14, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Tommy Uray Female Town chief /farmer Benben Town 2 James Yarsiah Male Farmer Benben Town 3 Esther Yarsiah Female Farmer Benben Town 4 Joseph Yarsiah Male Farmer Benben Town 5 Neomi Tenwah Female Farmer Benben Town 6 Peter Yarsiah Male Farmer Benben Town 7 Robert Mulbah Male Farmer Benben Town 8 Mark Johnson Male Farmer Benben Town 10 Momo Dagoseh Male Farmer Benben Town 11 Alex Tommy Male Farmer Benben Town 12 David Weah Male Farmer Benben Town 13 Boima Dukuly Male Farmer Benben Town 14 Timonthy Flomo Male Farmer Benben Town 15 Yatta Dagoseh Female Farmer Benben Town 16 Richard Daniel Male Farmer Benben Town 17 Jimmy Tandai Male Farmer Benben Town 18 Moses Pewee Male Farmer Benben Town 19 Zie Dahn Male Farmer Benben Town 20 Sekou Harris Male Farmer Benben Town 21 Junior Duo Male Farmer Benben Town 22 Morris Dukuly Male Farmer Benben Town 23 Nacy Flomo Female Farmer Benben Town 24 Alfred Massaquoi Male Farmer Benben Town Settlement: Zakama Date: March 13, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Gbanjah Huggard Male Farmer Zakama Town 2 Kiowu Zakama Male Farmer Zakama Town 3 Arthur Clement Male Farmer Zakama Town 4 Beyan Sumo Male Farmer Zakama Town 5 Ballah Sumo Male Farmer Zakama Town 6 Katrient Wright Female Farmer Zakama Town 7 David Brownell/Rose Clement Male Farmer Zakama Town 8 Marry More female Farmer Zakama Town 9 Bestmen Kennedy Male Farmer Zakama Town 10 Siah Fallah Female Farmer Zakama Town 11 Rebecca Togbah Female Farmer Zakama Town

205 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page Arthur Morris Male Farmer Zakama Town 13 Yeawulie Sumo Male Farmer Zakama Town 14 Kopu Zakama Female Farmer Zakama Town 15 Siah Zakama Female Farmer Zakama Town Settlement : Wonukai Date: February 17, 2012 No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Richard Flomo Male Farmer Wonukai 2 Paul Harris Male Farmer Wonukai 3 Annie Gatagate Female Farmer Wonukai 4 James K. Sumo Male Farmer Wonukai 5 James Davies Male Village chief/ farmer Wonukai 6 Andrew Tengbeh Male Farmer Wonukai 7 Moses F. Sumo Male Farmer Wonukai 8 Alponso Brown Male Farmer Wonukai 9 Sam Flomo Male Farmer Wonukai 10 Mammie Harris Female Farmer Wonukai Settlement : Borbor Town Date: No. NAME OF PARTICIPANT GENDER OCCUPATION NAME OF SETTLMENT 1 Roland Bridges male Town Chief Borbor 2 Sylvester Clemen male Farmer Borbor 3 Alphonso Ricks male Farmer Borbor 4 Asata Sackie male Farmer Borbor 6 George Hunder male Farmer Borbor 7 Matthew Sackie male Farmer Borbor 8 Steven Togbah male Farmer Borbor 9 Wilson Sackie male Farmer Borbor

206 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 182 A.2.12 Official Announcement of the Cut-off Date

207 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 183 A.2.13 Final Public Consultation on the Rehabilitation of the Mt. Coffee HPP The Public Consultation was held on the 8th of June 2013 at the Harrisburg Public School with 107 persons in attendance from 17 towns and 4 government agencies. The commissioner of Harrisburg, Mr. Samuel T. Miller, welcomed the PIU and Poyry teams to Harrisburg and pointed out that the Harrisburg Community is optimistic with the rehabilitation of the hydro project. Mr. Kokulo Y. Yorgbor Jr. gave the introductory statement. The consultation meeting was conducted with a power point presentation by Dr. Robert Zwahlen and assisted by Kokulo Y. Yorgbor Jr. interpreting in simple English. The presentation was in two folds-the ESIA Environmental Social Impact Assessment and the RAP- Resettlement Action Plan. Dr. Robert Zwahlen explained the purpose of the ESIA, the water table, the impacts and measures regarding fishes in the river, water quality, waste, traffic and health issues. He also explained about the RAP denoting the land and water elevation when the dam is built. A demonstration was performed on the impact on the village when the water rises. It was shown that all towns above the reservoir will not be affected. He also interpreted the various lines on the maps referring to the household survey that was carried out in the reservoir area in April to May He made the point that according to the studies no village will be affected by the water. He reiterated that only 70 farms will be affected by the reservoir and perhaps farms near the reservoir area might be affected as well. The RAP was further discussed that there will be land to land compensation for those who will lose their farm land to the reservoir. The relevant ministries and agency- Ministry of Lands Mines & Energy, Ministry of Justice and the Land Commission are in the process of identifying land to be compensated. Other benefits for the community were highlighted such as the possibility of fishing in the reservoir, job opportunities for the locals, improved access roads, economic development as it relates to small businesses, upgrade the clinic that the local population will have access to better health services and the possibility of towns near the power house receiving electricity. It was also mentioned in the meeting that an area is being searched for the construction of a camp for the workers, once the camp site is identify, PIU will have a compensation agreement with the affected peoples. An office will be erected at the site to provide information to the local populace about the project and discuss any grievances that may arise. It was said that grievances should firstly be handle by the town authorities and if not solved than it should be brought to the office on site. At the end of the presentation the commissioner Mr. Miller thanked the PIU and Poyry teams and mentioned three important things that he gathered from the presentation which include sanitation, water and health. Also making remarks was Theophilus L. Bass who hopes that the project will benefit his citizen by receiving electricity and job opportunities. The representative through her special assistant sent her thanks and appreciation and looks forward to cooperating with the PIU. The District Superintendent Mr. Greaves made a recommendation that the clearing of the reservoir be giving to the citizen of Harrisburg.

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215 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 191 A Questiones Raised There were questions and concerns raised by the community people. The table below shows the names, towns/agencies and questions /concerns raised by the community dwellers and other attendees' quote unquote. These concerns and questions were answered/ clarified by Robert Zwahlen, Britta Lammers and Kristin Stroup. Names Town/Agency/Position Questions/Concerns J. Williams F. Albert Raymond Camp Chair Agriculturalist The number 73 is less than the number of farms that we know will be affected, what will happen to the farms that are not within the 73? Frankie Cassell LWSC DMD How will the project affect the water supply? Construction period will increase waste generation, turbidity that might affect the water and LWSC will have to increase its chemical to treat the water. Hope the intake to pipeline will be rehabilitated. Will there be a monitoring plan? Lastly the possibility of current being distributed to white planes Fatu Urey Benben Town Benben Town is between 3 rivers, in case the water rises at night, what will happen to us? Cisco Clinton Raymond Camp Those who photos were taken are they in the reservoir? Which way I will take to get to my farm, the road leading to my farm is in the reservoir Theophilus Bass Kaluna C. B. Junior Daniel S.Y. Kpingbah Harrisburg Development Chair Benben Town Gbelly Village Marvis Yangabah 3rd Ward James Mulubah Town Rev. Samuel G. Kpadeah Momo Dabeni Principal Harrisburg Public School 3rd Ward J Mulubah Town Advisor I hope there was a media coverage and my citizens will ask relevant questions. Things that happen before will not happen again. Has there been any social agreement made between PIU and the Citizens of Harrisburg? The areas near the spillway and the power house was where the old camp was, will it be rehabilitated? There be more than one liaison officer. Why was the stone planted 2 feet away from my house and you say I am not in the reservoir? What should I depend on while relocating? When I have vegetable garden will I not be compensated, only those with rubber? To Commissioner- Which farmers when to the media to state that farmers are entitle to 20 million. My concern is that people want to politicize this whole thing, I was told my farm is in the flow now you say my farm is not in? I want to know if LEC has plan to improve the school since a lot of people will be working here and their children will be here? Nothing has been said about those who set traps/hunts and fishing only about farmers I want to know what is meant by relocate? Will the bridge be affected by the reservoir?

216 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 192 Yah Weahweah Widow Who is responsible for the underground water that will spoil our plants? Nathan Greaves Harrisburg District/Superintendent Partners told us another dam will be built, where and when will the other dam be built? Who will do the fetching of the fish? Who will do the relocation and how will it be done? I am appealing to PIU to share the RAP document with us. Menikili J. Paye OIC/Raymond Camp Will there be a staff quarter in the clinic in Raymond Camp? If no, I am appealing for a staff quarter Manyango Z. Mulubah Harrisburg citizen I wish to make an appeal for PIU to give us Raymond camp community the aspect of clearing the reservoir Stephen N. Workpeh Raymond Camp/Youth President I appeal to LEC to include some social aspect in their plan for example a training facility. What will become of us who are at the bottom of the reservoir who will not be affected? Cora Rose Ricks Harrisburg Town Clerk To what extend will the road be rehabilitated? Moore Douglas J Mulubah Town/farmer What will become of our village? James A. Harris Harrisburg Land Clerk Where will be the dwelling areas for the workers? Morris Gontoe ESIA Assistant/EPA I want to assure the communities that the right things will be done through monitoring the project. I want clarity on the number 73, is it referring to farms or farmers? After these questions and answer period, the Rev. Samuel G. Kpadeah closed the meeting with a prayer.

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223 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 199 ANNEX 3: SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY The questionnaires used in this study are provided on the following pages.

224 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 200 A3.1 Household Questionnaire Socio-economic Profiles of Communities Affected Within the Project Impact Zone (PIZ) County name: Code: District Name: Code: Clan Name: Code: Town Name: Structure #: Household #: Date of Interview: D D M M Y Y Y Y Interview Starting Time: Interview Ending Time: Interviewer Name: Signature: Supervisor Name: Signature:

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226 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 202 Section B: B1. Does the respondent s household have access to school? Yes No B2. If yes, let the respondent describe the school level and the estimated walking time from the respondent s house. Walking Time from Respondent s House (Please check one) School Level < 15 min min > 30 min Kindergarten Elementary Junior High Senior High Section C: Data on Land and Resettlement C1. Is the respondent originally from the PIZ? Yes No C2. If no, how long has the respondent been residing in the PIZ? < 5 years 6 10 years years years 41-60years C3. Where has the respondent lived before? C4. Has the respondent been resettled before in relation to the hydro power plant? Yes No C5. If yes, state where you were resettled: C6. If no, let the respondent state why he/she settled in the reservoir area? 1. For fishing 2. For farming 3. For charcoal making 4. Others (pls. specify) C7. In which year did the respondent settle in the reservoir area? C8. Does the respondent have access to farmland? Yes No C9. If yes, let the respondent choose his/her approximate land size. < 1 acre 1 4 acre 5-8 acre > 8 acre C10. What type of land tenure system does the respondent s land belongs? Customary ( Statutory Other types: (Pls. specify) C11. What processes did the respondent go through to acquire land? C12. Besides the current respondent s residence, does the respondent have land outside the PIZ? Yes No C13. If yes, is the respondent s land a Commercial or a Farmland

227 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 203 C14. If yes, what is the size of the land? < 1 acre 1 4 acre 5-8 acre > 8 acre C15. Does the respondent have a title deed? Yes No C16. If the respondent has to move/relocate what would be the preferential settling place? Arthington City Clay Island Millsburg Harrisburg Others C17. What could the respondent say would be the deciding factors for relocation due to rehabilitation of the HPP? Let the respondent prioritize by selecting 4 out of the ten factors below: Family Money Children s education Food/Farming Job relocation Marriage Better shelter Safety Hospitable climate Other: Please specify C18. What type of irrigation is used on the land? Rainfed Pump Channel Others: Specify Section D: Health, Water and Sanitation and Waste D1. Let the respondent state the common health problems within the household. Malaria Typhoid fever Diarrhea Whooping cough HIV/AIDS Pneumonia Rheumatism Others, pls. specify D2. Let the respondent state where his/her household go for treatment when sick. Health Post Clinic Hospital Herbalist Others D3. Let the respondent state what is the walking time from her/his house to the nearest health facility. < 15 min min > 30 min D4. Does the respondent gather plants/herbs? Yes No D5. If yes, where does the respondent gather herbs/plants? Forest Bush Mountains Other, specify D6. Let the respondent state the source of water the household use for domestic use. Own hand pump Deep well Stream Neighbour s hand pump Public pump River/creek D7. During dry season, does water run out of the respondent s main water source? Yes No D8. If yes, where does the respondent get water? Buy water Water tank brought to HH Others: D9. Let the respondent state what is the walking time from her/his house to the nearest water source. < 15 min min > 30 min D10. Let the respondent state the type of toilet facilities the household use. Pit Water shed Public latrine In the bush

228 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 204 D11. Let the respondent state the manner how the household dispose of their garbage. Compost pit Burn waste Throw anywhere Others, pls specify Section E: Household s Assets E1. Allow the respondent to check the items listed below that is owned by her family within their HH. Generator Radio Bicycle Cell phone Motorcycle TV Motor vehicle (car, truck, tractor, etc.) Power saw Sugar cane mill Dinning Living room set Tables and chairs Beds Others, pls specify Section F: Agricultural Output/Livestock F1. Let the respondent complete the table below with regard to the type of crop cultivated in the last farming year or last 12 months? Estimated Land area (acre) Type of food cop Rice Cassava Vegetables Corn Peanuts Sweet potatoes Others (pls specify ) Ave. harvest/yr (lbs) Home consumption (lbs) Selling volume (lbs) Unit price $LD F2. Are the food crops grown enough for the respondent household s consumption the whole year around? Yes No F3. If no, let the respondent say specifically how the household supplement for food insufficiency? (What does the HH do if there is not enough food? How does the HH survive?) F4. Allow the respondent to indicate the kinds of tree/cash crops his/her household owns and the estimated lbs/harvest/yr? Cash/Tree Crop Respondent s House harvest crop/yr (Please check one) 0-50 lbs Value $LD lbs Value $LD Over 101 lbs Value $LD Sugar cane Coffee Cocoa Rubber Others (pls specify ) F5. How many livestock does the respondent s household have? Animal Type Number Chicken Duck Goat Pig Sheep Cattle Rabbit Guinea fowl Others, specify

229 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 205 Section G: Fishing and Hunting G1. Does any member of the respondent s household fish in the river? Yes No G2. If yes, how much fish is caught? State the average weekly catch. lbs G3. How much of the respondent s HH catch is intended for selling? lbs G4. How much of the respondent s HH catch is intended for household consumption? lbs G5. Does any member of the respondent s household hunt in the nearby forest? Yes No G6. If yes, how much meat is caught? State the average weekly catch. lbs G7. How much of the respondent s HH catch is intended for selling? lbs G8. How much of the respondent s HH catch is intended for household consumption? lbs G9. Let the respondent name at least three (3) dominant animals caught during the hunting spree Section H: Energy H1. What is the respondent s main energy source for cooking? Firewood Charcoal LPG Electricity H2. What is the respondent s main energy source for lighting? Candle Kerosene lamp Flashlight Electricity Jackle Lantern Section I: Household Income and Expenditure I1. Is any member of the respondent s household gainfully employed? Yes No I2. Let the respondent state her/his household main source of income. Petty trading Rubber farm Hired labor Employed Farming/gardening Remittance Others (pls. specify) I3. Please indicate the monthly income bracket in which the respondent falls by checking the corresponding choices below. LD$ 1,000 and less 1, 100-3,000 3,100-5,000 More than 5,000 I4. How many of the other household members earn a monthly income? One Two Three Others, I5. Please indicate the monthly income bracket in which the respondent s household (other than respondent) falls by checking the corresponding choices below. LD$ 1,000 and less 1, 100-3,000 3,100-5,000 More than 5,000 I6. Does the household get money from other sources? Yes No I7. If yes, let the respondent state other source of income by checking the choice/s below: Abroad Pension Remittance Others (specify)

230 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 206 I8. If yes, let the respondent state the amount per year. LD I9. On average, let the respondent state the average monthly household expenditure on the following: Item Amount (LD) Food Energy Education Health Clothing Transport Farm tools House repairs Household assets Social events Others (specify) I10. Let the respondent state the total expenditure of the household per month. Section J: Household s opinion of the Mt. Coffee Hydro Power Plant within the Project Impact Zone What do you see as benefits/advantages or problems/disadvantages with the rehabilitation/revival of the Hydro? Advantages/Benefits Disadvantages/Problems

231 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 207 A3.2 Household Questionnaire Size of Structures Socio-economic Profiles of Communities Affected Within the Project Impact Zone (PIZ) Data of Interview: Interviewer: District: Village/Town: Household No.: ft Information about the Respondent s House ft ft ft Respondent s House Respondent s Kitchen a. What is the status of the respondent s house? Owner Renting Caretaker Others (Pls specify) b. How many rooms are occupied by the respondent s household? no. of rooms c. What is the physical condition of the respondent s house structure? In good condition Partially damaged Temporary structure (good) Temporary structure (bad) Uncompleted structure Poor structure d. Where is the kitchen/cooking area? Inside the house Outside the house e. Main material of the floor Mud Concrete Ceramic tiles Sand Wooden Others, pls specify f. Main material used for roof Thatch Concrete Asbestos Mat Metal sheets/zinc Others, pls specify g. Main material used for wall structure Mud and stick Cement blocks Plank Mat Bamboo Concrete Baked bricks Thatch Zinc round h. Main material used for window structure Plank Decorative blocks Others, pls. specify Zinc Bamboo

232 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 208 A3.4 Plantations in the Project Area No: NAME OF FARMER Community Total Area sq m Area in reservoir Crop N GPS Location 1 J. Roland Albert Raymond Camp plantain, vegetable, pineapple Hannah Hunder Raymond Camp Rebecca Dukuly Raymond Camp 0 kola, orages, banana, pineapple 4A Lucy Johnson Raymond Camp cassava,oil palm B Raymond Camp pineapple 4C Raymond Camp peper,cocoa Ceceilia Seward Raymond Camp cassava, oil palm Zoe Johnson Raymond Camp 0 plantain, vegetable John Gbanjah Sr. Raymond Camp oil palm, cassava, pineapple Lucia Clinton Raymond Camp house a Lucia Clinton Raymond Camp pepper b Lucia Clinton Raymond Camp corn, vegetable Sisco Clinton Raymond Camp 0 rubber, oil palm A James Reynes Raymond Camp corn James Reynes Raymond Camp 0 plantain Martha Lawhyee Raymond Camp 0 plantain Thomas F Johnson Raymond Camp 0 plantain, oil palm Etta Goodling Raymond Camp 0 cassava Joseph T. Johnson Raymond Camp, 0 plantain, banana A Kammue Martor Raymond Camp House shellen B Kammue Martor Raymond Camp Farm Hous up country C Kammue Martor Raymond Camp 0 beans D Kammue Martor Raymond Camp 0 beans A Garmai Franklin Raymond Camp corn B Raymond Camp cassava 18C Raymond Camp pineapple 19 Johnson Gayflor Raymond Camp cassava,pineapple Daniel Barker -2 Raymond Camp 0 rubber David Zayzay Raymond Camp 0 rubber Alphonso Zoryou Raymond Camp 0 rubber Herry Flomo -1 Raymond Camp 0 rubber Herry Flomo -2 Raymond Camp 0 beans Sisco Clinton -2 Raymond Camp 0 rubber Samuel Rufus Raymond Camp 0 sugar cane Harrison K. Sumo Raymond Camp 0 sugar cane, plantain Mark Clemens Raymond Camp 0 sugarcane James Y. Flomo Raymond Camp cocoa Fatou Barker Raymond Camp 0 0 corn, peper, bitter ball, okra James Togbah Raymond Camp 0 0 banana, plantain a Joseph Kellieyan Raymond Camp cassava b Raymond Camp cassava 32c Raymond Camp corn, veg 3x5m W

233 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 209 No: NAME OF FARMER Community Total Area sq m Area in reservoir Crop N GPS Location 33a Siya Saah Raymond Camp sugar cane b Raymond Camp sugar cane 33c Raymond Camp cassava 33d Raymond Camp vegetebable 34 Frank Goodling Raymond Camp 0 0 rubber, pineapple Charles Goodling Buzzel Quarter plantain George A. Bass-1 Buzzel Quarter 0 0 rubber Moses Konnah Buzzel Quarter 0 0 rubber A Samuel Gbanjah SR Buzzel Quarter cocoa B corn C corn D plantain E cocoa, kola F 0 0 rubber Moses Sisco Buzzel Quarter 0 0 rubber A David Kollie Buzzel Quarter pepper B vegetables Fatu Johnson Buzzel Quarter corn, banana Daniel Kollie Buzzel Quarter banana David T. Bundoo Buzzel Quarter vegetables A Abraham Gbanjah Buzzel Quarter cassava B 0 0 corn Robert Kerkulah Buzzel Quarter 0 0 plantain, pineapple Alphonso Diggs Buzzel Quarter pepper David Wee Buzzel Quarter plantain Zupon Zupon voinjama 0 0 pepper, plantain A Moses K. Sumo voinjama plantain, mix veg B Moses K. Sumo 0 0 rubber C Moses Sumo? vegetables Marvee Franklin voinjama pepper David Bono voinjama pepper Saturday Kerkulah voinjama pepper, bitter ball Saturday Kerkulah farm hous A Old lady Diggs-1 voinjama corn, mix veg B Buzzel Quater 1486 plantain Fatu Wright voinjama/zakama 0 0 plantain Joseph Goll Varney Town rubber, oil palm A Syverster Clemens Varney Town 0 0 rubber, oil palm B Varney Town 0 0 rubber, oil palm A Jackson Kennedy Varney Town plantain B oil palm, rubber 60 Momo Risks Varney Town rubber Edwin Mellet Varney Town plantain A Mary Fineboy Varney Town Cassava B Varney Town plantain, banana W

234 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 210 No: NAME OF FARMER Community Total Area sq m Area in reservoir Crop N GPS Location 63 Joseph Kollie Varney Town 0 0 rubber Konah Zeiglah Varney Town banana Anthony Kennedy Varney Town plantain, banana Philip Koto Varney Town 0 0 cassava Fatou Thompson Weaduo 0 0 rubber Oldman Fineboy Weaduo 0 0 rubber Bendu Koto Weaduo 0 0 rubber Flomo Morris Weaduo 0 0 rubber Meimah Ricks weaduo 0 0 cocoa Edwin Mellet -2 Weaduo rubber Daniel Norris Weaduo plantain Ousma Massaly Gbally Village Plantain, cassava Abraham Keita Gbally Village Plantain, cassava Varney Dukuly-1 Gbally Village Plantain, cassava Zinah Thompson Gbally Village 0 0 Rubber Varney Dukuly -2 Gbally Village 0 0 cocoa Gbally Domah Gbally Village 1871 rubber Fatumata Keita Gbally Village pineapple A Famata Fuller Gbally Village cassava B rubber Varney Gbelly Markai pepper Fajumah Kromah Gbandi 0 0 rubber Elijah Freeman Gbandi 0 0 rubber Ambola Kromah Gbandi 0 0 rubber Zinnah Stevens Gbandi 0 0 rubber Joseph Obit Gbandi 0 0 rubber Sonnoe/Sando Japan Gbandi 0 0 rubber A Johny Kolleh Gbandi 0 0 rubber B Johny Kolleh Markai land Varney Domah Gbandi Plantain, cassava James Boakai Gbandi pepper, bitter ball Jimmy Carter -1 Gbandi 0 0 rubber B Markai 0 0 plantain Wilmot Clarke Gbandi 0 0 rubber Biomah Johnson Gbandi 0 0 pepper, bitter ball Lasanah Konnah Markai 0 0 rubber, cassava, pepper Lasanah kromah Markai 0 0 rubber Tenneh Kromah Markai pepper Zinnah Konnah Markai pepper Bendu Konnah Markai Massa Konnah Markai plantain Segbwe Johnson Markai land A Daniel Huggar Sarah Town 0 0 rubber B Sarah Town 0 0 rubber Lafy Huggar Sarah Town 0 0 rubber W

235 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 211 No: NAME OF FARMER Community Total Area sq m Area in reservoir Crop N GPS Location 105 Momo Huggar Sarah Town 0 0 rubber A Cruzer Huggar Sarah Town 0 0 rubber B Sarah Town 0 0 rubber A Vick Huggar Sarah Town pepper,corn, eddoe B Sarah Town cassava C Sarah Town 0 0 rubber James williams Sarah Town 0 0 rubber Lincoln Huggar Sarah Town/ Zakama plantain Bessy Kamara Sarah Town corn Pallah Sumo Zakama Field corn, pepper Yewullie Sumo Zakama Field 0 0 plantain, cassava Faith Hoggar Zakama Field 0 0 rubber Bestman Kennedy Zakama Field 0 0 plantain Klubo Sumo Zakama Field 0 0 corn Beyan Sumo Zakama Field 0 0 cassava Jenneh Wright Zakama Field 0 0 cassava, beans Arthur Clemens Zakama Field rubber, plantain Kopo Zaka Zakama Field 0 0 corn, vegetables Oretha Padmore James A. Mulbah's 0 0 sugar cane Borbor Garnet James A. Mulbah's 0 0 sugar cane George Padmore James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber Gbendu Togbah James A. Mulbah's 0 0 oil palm John Doufoah James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber, sugar cane Gbartor Paypay James A. Mulbah's 0 0 cocoa Noah Padmore James A. Mulbah's 0 sugar cane, rubber A Augustine Yankaba James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber B? James A. Mulbah's sugar cane Amos Kollie James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber William Flomo James A. Mulbah's 0 0 sugar cane, rubber A Rufus Borkpateh James A. Mulbah's 0 0 pepper B James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber Yatta Flomo James A. Mulbah's 0 0 cassava A Jestina Douglas James A. Mulbah's 0 0 pepper B James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber Jacob Tealeh James A. Mulbah's rubber, sugar cane J. Barclay Gleekeh James A. Mulbah's 0 0 sugar cane Mary Kollie James A. Mulbah's rubber A William Padmore James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber B James A. Mulbah's 0 0 sugar cane Esther Myers James A. Mulbah's 0 0 cassava David Belleh James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber A Amos and Morris James A. Mulbah's pepper B Amos and Morris James A. Mulbah's sugare cane C Amos and Morris James A. Mulbah's sugar cane D Amos and Morris James A. Mulbah's rubber W

236 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 212 No: NAME OF FARMER Community Total Area sq m Area in reservoir Crop N GPS Location 145 Mamie Paypay James A. Mulbah's 0 0 pepper Mary Porkpah James A. Mulbah's 0 0 pepper A Okaso Padmore James A. Mulbah's sugar cane Okaso Padmore James A. Mulbah's rubber A Joseph Monroe James A. Mulbah's sugar cane B James A. Mulbah's 0 0 pepper C James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber Sandoe Monroe James A. Mulbah's 0 0 pepper, corn Momo Kollie James A. Mulbah's 0 0 cassava A Siafa Samah James A. Mulbah's 0 0 cassava B James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber A James Porkpa James A. Mulbah's 0 0 pepper B James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber A George Singbeh James A. Mulbah's 0 0 plantain B James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber, cassava, pineapple Yatta Campbell James A. Mulbah's 0 0 vegetables Edwin Monroe James A. Mulbah's 0 0 cassava, vegetable, plantain Fred Lartey James A. Mulbah's rubber A Fred Lartey James A. Mulbah's rubber B James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber Esther Kollie James A. Mulbah's 0 0 pepper, oil palm Amos Kolo James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber A James M. Kollie James A. Mulbah's 0 0 pepper, cassava B James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubbber, plantain James Kollie Shellen vegetable Moses Flomo James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber Daniel Porkpah James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber Konnah Campbell James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber A Samuel konnah James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber B James A. Mulbah's 0 0 cassava C James A. Mulbah's 0 0 pepper Moses Porkpah James A. Mulbah's 0 0 cassava A John Paypay James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber B James A. Mulbah's 0 0 plantain Foday Somah James A. Mulbah's 0 0 cassava,pineapple Varney Massaquio James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber Momo Dabeni James A. Mulbah's to be 0 monitored rubber Hawa Momo James A. Mulbah's 0 0 oil palm, rubber A Noah Yankaba James A. Mulbah's 0 0 cassava B James A. Mulbah's 0 0 pepper, corn Samuel Latrey James A. Mulbah's 0 0 rubber Richard M. Flomo Wonekai 0 0 rubber Paul Harris Wonekai 0 0 rubber Annie Gatagah Wonekai 0 0 rubber James K. Sumo Wonekai 0 0 rubber W

237 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 213 No: NAME OF FARMER Community Total Area sq m Area in reservoir Crop N GPS Location 180 James Davies Wonekai 0 0 cocoa Andrew Tengbeh Wonekai 64 0 cassava Andrew Tengbeh farm house Augustine Dixon Wonekai cassava Augustine Dixon farm house Alphonso Brown Wonekai cassava Prince Albert Wonekai plantain A Alphonso Ricks Borbor Town 0 0 rubber B Alphonso Ricks plantain Asata Sackie Borbor Town banana George Hunder Borbor Town plantain Matthew Sackie Borbor Town plantain A Stephen Togbah Borbor Town plantain, banana B Stephen Togbah pepper, bitter ball Wilson Sackie Borbor Town plantain A Tommy Uray Benben Town 0 0 sugar cane, plantain, cassava B Tommy Uray Benben Town 0 0 pineapple, rubber A Jimmy Tarna 0 0 kola nut B 0 0 plantain A Fatu Uray Benben Town 0 0 cassava B Fatu Uray 0 0 rubber Pewee Sackie Benben Town 0 0 rubber A Ruth Kolubah Benben Town corn B 0 0 vegetable, plantain Matta Shilling Benben Town pepper Grace Kolo Benben Town 0 0 cassave, plantain 204 Mohammed Sold Benben Town 0 0 cassava Kangomah Seabull Benben Town 0 0 cassava A Esther Yassiah -1 Benben Town 0 0 plantain B Esther Yassiah-2 Benben Town 0 0 rubber Fatumata Sold Benben Town 0 0 cassava A Marie Binda Benben Town 0 0 cassava B Marie Binda Benben Town 0 0 pepper Peter Sackie Benben Town pepper A Moses porkpah Benben Town 6570 cassava, plantain, rubber B rubber Sarah Steward Benben Town cassava, plantain, vegetables Emmanuel Kolubah Benben Town Joseph Sumo Sumo Village 216 David Sumo Sumo Village cassava Janet Sumo Sumo Village 218 Yamah Sumo Sumo Village 220 Johny Matthew Sumo Village 232 Daniel D. Baker Raymonds Camp rubber Golbah Mulbah Raymonds Camp vegtable Maimah Harris Raymonds Camp plantain W

238 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 214 No: NAME OF FARMER Community Total Area sq m Area in reservoir Crop N GPS Location 235 Stephen N. Klorkpah Raymonds Camp 0 0 sugar cane, plantain Mary Diggs Raymonds Camp cassava, corn, pepper Charles Kona Raymonds Camp plantain, corn, pumpkin Kowu Zakama voinjama corn Benjamin Yassiah Zakama corn Jallah Verney Zakama 0 0 rubber A Solo vegetables, plantain, oil palm B cassava 242 Boakai Dukuly Gbally Village plantain Daniels Y Kpingbah betw. Gbally /Sumo vegetable, oil palm Gbengah Myers 0 0 sugar cane David Garwoloquoi pepper,bitter ball, eggplant A David Mulbah 0 plantain, bean, pepper B David Y Mulbah pepper, corn, okra C David Y Eric Flomo 0 0 pineapple Korpo Albert plantain, banana Matthew Akhigbe pepper, biiter ball, okra Maway Mulbah plantain, corn, pepper A Oldman cucomber B Oldman pepper bitter ball, eggplant Sarah Hoggar cassava Yah Zenna 0 0 plantain, pepper Massa Dukuly 0 0 cassava Aloysius Seeward Shellen egg plant Evon Kekulah Raymond vegtable Fallah Bundoo Shellen corn Gobeh Mulbah Shellen corn, vegetable Jartu Cooper Shellen corn Matu White Raymond corn, plantain Musu Weed Raymond corn Ellen Diggs Raymond plantain W

239 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 215 ANNEX 4: RESETTLEMENT CONDITIONS A4.1 Analysis of Laws related to Land, Expropriation and Compensation A4.1.1 Legislation on Resettlement and Expropriation of Land Liberia does not have an official Resettlement Policy with regard to safeguards. The Government of Liberia (GOL) has yet to develop or establish policy on resettlement except for expropriation for which the Constitution (Article 24, 1986) states: While the inviolability of private property shall be guaranteed by the Republic, expropriation may be authorized for the security of the nation in the event of armed conflict or where the public health and safety are endangered or for any other public purposes provided: that reasons for such expropriation are given; That there is prompt payment of just compensation; That such expropriation or the compensation offered may be challenged freely by the owner of the property in a court of law with no penalty for having brought such action; and that when property taken for public use ceases to be so used, the Republic shall accord the former owner or those entitled to the property through such owner, the right of first refusal to reacquire the property. Two Government agencies that generally handle matters on or relating to resettlement are the Commission of Refugee, Resettlement and Repatriation and the Ministry of Public Works. During inquires at these two agencies it was indicated that in the face of a lack of an official Government policy on resettlement, the World Bank s Resettlement policy (OP 4.12) has always been the basis and guide for all matters relating to resettlement. The Constitution of Liberia 1986 The Constitution of Liberia is the principal legal document guaranteeing citizen s rights. It also vests in all individuals the right to own property. Specifically Article 22 (a) and (b), pinpoints property right either on individual basis or in conjunction with other individuals. Article 24 states the terms of provision for determining and paying compensation. See section 7.1 above for details. Land Act 1856 Prior to independence, land acquisition and distribution was done on the basis of relationship and class system. Opposition to this system of land tenure led to the establishment of a set of rules known as the digest of law to govern the affairs of the settlers in terms of land distribution. This later culminated into the Land Distribution Act of 1856 which removed the restriction to land distribution based on citizenship. This Act was repealed by the 1950 Land Act which restricted land ownership to citizens and naturalized citizens especially those of Negro descents. County Act 1969 This Act officially distributed and demarcated land boundaries in Liberia. Prior to the Act, counties were created through political means. For instance the three older counties in Liberia, Montserrado, Sinoe, and Maryland were all products of political events.

240 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 216 Land Acquisition Act 1929 This Adopted law of 1929 chapter v has been repealed. The repealed Act used to lay down the procedure for obtaining rights to any piece of land in Liberia through purchase. The Act distinguishes land in Liberia into two categories, namely: the Hinterland and the County areas. The procedure for obtaining land located in the Hinterland is as follows: Obtain consent of Tribal Authority to have a parcel of land deeded to the individual by the Government, Pay a sum of money as a token of his intention to live peacefully with the tribesmen, Paramount or clan chief signs a certificate which the purchaser forwards to the office of the District Commissioner (who also acts as the Land Commissioner for the area), The District Commissioner after satisfying himself that the land is not encumbered (overcrowded) in any way approves that the land be deeded to the applicant and issues a certificate to that effect. The procedure for obtaining land located in the County Area is as follows: Apply to the Land Commissioner in the county in which the land is located; The Commissioner shall issue a certificate if he is satisfied that the land is not encumbered. Upon completion of the above steps, the purchase shall pay the Bureau of Revenues the value of the land valued at a minimum rate of 50 cents per acre (Land Article 24 of the 1986 Constitution of Liberia). He shall obtain and submit a receipt to the President for an order to have the land surveyed. A deed will then be drawn up by the Land Commissioner, authenticated, and given to the purchaser. A Relevant Laws The government of Liberia has several laws though some have long since been repealed or have become impracticable for political and historical reasons. The relatively recent ones that are of relevance are shown in Table Table 13-17: Relevant Liberian laws on resettlement and land expropriation Constitution/Law Responsible authority Application Constitution, Article 24 Adopted law of 1929 chapter v (repealed) The Registered Land Law Registration of land; Dealings in land so Registered and Matters connected therein The Refugee, Repatriation and Resettlement Commission/Ministry of Works Registrars Ministry of Lands, Mines and Energy; National Archives/Records Ministry of Lands, Mines and Energy; National Archives/Records Determination and compensation payment under the terms of the provision. Registration of lands Registration of lands Expeditious registration of land rights process, Register rights to land and resources.

241 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 217 Community Rights Law of 2009 with respect to Forest Lands An Act to govern devolution of estates and establish rights of inheritance of spouses of both statutory and customary marriages, (October 7, 2003) Forestry Development Authority (FDA)/Land Commission Circuit court/ministry of Internal Affairs Defines land rights of community people; Outlines the right to negotiate with concession in respect of benefits; The right to enter into Private Use Agreement with the FDA, Community people and Concessions Adjudication of dispute between customary named wife and family of deceased husband Laws Relating to Resettlement Agencies The Government of Liberia established the Refugee, Repatriation and Resettlement Commission in response to some of the products of the civil war, i.e., displaced people and refugees. It has successfully, thanks to UNHCR and other International partners executed its mandate as provided in the statute that created it. However, the Commission for some strange difficult-to-comprehend reasons collaborates with the Ministry of Public Works. In spite of the more than a decade of existence the Commission is yet to develop a policy on resettlement, an approved valuation system, let alone a compensation policy. Instead, its operation in collaboration with the Public Works Ministry has always been based on the World Bank Resettlement Policy, OP Whilst the Commission, considering its statutory mandate should be encouraged to participate in the resettlement exercise including assessment of losses that might be incurred by the affected people, including even the Works Ministry, caution must be exercised in their incorporation and participation. The proposal, therefore, is to keep them out of the entire exercise so as to enhance the credibility and transparency of the entire resettlement program. If, however, they must be involved, their roles must be clearly stated so as not to compromise fair play and transparency. Because the Commission was expressly established to cater to displaced people and refugees its mandate is narrow as it focuses exclusively on them. The Commission therefore does not have the mandate to handle or participate in matters relating to or about displaced people in this category. Neither does the Ministry of Public Works which is the main collaborating Agency have the mandate. However, both of these agencies have been collaborating on issues related to resettlement. A Land Tenure in Liberia Liberia has three kinds of land tenure and these are briefly described below. The tenure system is important as title to all land in the country is vested in the state. Customary Tenure Customary tenure involves the use of land which the government has granted to people in the hinterland through customary rights. Such rights begin with the Town Chief, then the Clan or Paramount Chief and lastly the District Commissioner. The District

242 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 218 Commissioner prepares the Customary Land Grant Certificates, which are then legalised by the President of Liberia. Freehold Tenure Freehold tenure has its legality from the Constitution and its occurrences from the written law. It involves holding land in perpetuity or a term fixed by a condition and enables the holding to exercise, subject to the law, full powers of ownership. Leasehold Tenure This tenure is created either by contract or by operation of the law. It is a form under which the landlord or lessor grants the tenant or lessee exclusive right of the land, usually for a specific period in return for a rent, granting the tenant security of tenure and a proprietary interest in the land. Applicable Legal and Administration Procedures The Constitution of Liberia vests superior land rights and/or ownership rights on the Government of Liberia contrary to that which is vested in the indigenous people who claim ownership of the land on the basis of ancestral inheritance. On the other hand, the law grants private ownership rights to individuals who acquired land in fee simple. These are three separate land ownership regimes two of which are straight forward while the other is uncertain, ambivalent and at the extreme, a farce. Land can, therefore, be acquired under each category of land ownership consistent with their individual peculiarities. Customary Land Law The Law which deals with customary rights is called the Aborigines Law (Title1, Vol.1) though most people refer to it as Customary Law since it deals primarily with land rights of indigenous people generally unlettered and whose perception and interest and/or rights are based on Custom and Ancestral rights. The Aborigines Law provides for a description of the indigenous people s rights in land in the Aborigines Law, specifically at Chapter 11, entitled Tribal Lands. Chapter 11 of the law, specifically, provides that each tribe is entitled to as much of the public land inhabited by it. The law also provides that it shall have the right to the possession of such land as against any person whomsoever. However, as The Aborigines law as John Bruce puts it, the title suggests clearly a law from another, earlier and less sensitive time. Its language is offensive ). However, the Aborigines Law confers a type of land ownership/rights in the indigenous people an ambivalent and ambiguous land rights that does not provide for them security in land tenure, does not give them the right to sell to a would be land purchaser since the law says they are mere custodians of the land. The law therefore confers superior land rights to the State over and above the indigenes who inhabit it. This means that the indigenous people who then are made mere custodians of the land can be removed at will by Government with or without compensations. If, however, Government decides to compensate them it is often arbitrary. A4.1.4 Land Valuation System Title to all land vests in the state. Thus the government is the original grantor of land and the public are all grantees. One who obtains land from the state has a bona fide title and the right to full possession and use of the land. However, the state has the right to

243 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 219 revoke any previously granted title. Before such power can be exercised, the state through its institutions is statutorily obliged to first evaluate the current market value of the property to be acquired with the aim of providing just compensation to the affected owner. Where the land to be revoked is in public use, the state has the burden of replacing it with one of commensurate value. In the case of public land, section 31 of the 1986 Liberian Code provides the procedure for determining the cost as follows: A4.1.5 One dollar per acre for land on the margin of a river Fifty cents per acre for land in the interior Thirty dollars per lot for town lots Compensation Article 24 of the 1986 Constitution of Liberia provides the basis for compensation for acquired land. Also see section 7.1. It states that, expropriation may be authorized for national security issues or where the public health and safety are endangered, or for any other public purposes, provided. For expropriation to be successful the following issues should be addressed: A4.1.6 Prompt payment of just compensation; That such expropriation or the compensation offered may be challenged freely by the owner of the property in a court of law with no penalty for having such action; and That when property taken for public use ceases to be used, republic shall accord the former owner the right of first refusal to reacquire the property. Other Relevant Guidelines and Standards People who may claim customary/communal ownership of land should be entitled to compensation under international conventions or treaties Government is signatory to. The United Nations Convention on the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples is a case in point. Article 10 the Convention states that indigenous peoples shall not be forcibly removed from their land or territories. No relocation shall take place without the free, prior and informed consent of the indigenous peoples concerned and after agreement on a just and fair compensation and, where possible, with the option of return. Also at Article 26 section 1 and 2 it is even more emphatic in its justification for compensation if land taken away is meant for public good, in these words: Article 26:1: Indigenous peoples have the rights to the lands, territories and resources which they have traditionally owned, occupied or otherwise used or acquired. Article 26: Indigenous people have the right to own, use, develop and control land, territories and resources that they possess by reason of traditional occupation are used, as well as those which they have otherwise acquired. The Constitution of Liberia also provides for the right for all Liberian citizens to own property including land as Article 20 of the Constitution states in part: no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, security of the person, property, privilege or any other right

244 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 220 Additionally, Article 24a of the Constitution supports compensations for property expropriated. Compensation Agreements Under the law agreements are considered contracts and therefore enforceable at law. In order for a contract or agreement to be enforceable there are specific standards, conditions or criteria that must be satisfied. There has to be the meeting of the minds by the contracting parties to the agreement or contract. Those contracts are only admissible in the courts of law as legally valid and binding if they are not consummated through tricks and artifice with the sole purpose of fraud or the commission of fraud. It follows therefore those agreements that are to be consummated for the payment of compensations to the project affected people must strictly adhere to the principles of legally binding agreements. In this context, the following caution must be exercised; All agreements for the payment of compensation must be consummated between the lawful parties to the agreement, that is to say, the project affected people or their legal proxies, representatives, agent, etc. and the project. The conditions under which compensations are to be paid are outlined above and need not be repeated here. However, the determination for the payment of compensation must be done on the basis of the market value of the property for which compensation is to be made. Extreme caution must be exercised so as not to make the project fall prey to imposters or unauthorized persons who may want to be signatories to any agreement and benefit there from. Compensations agreements will be made at four levels: At the first level, agreements will be made with occupant of the unused hydro s land before the civil war; At the second level, it will be with trespassers during the war years; At the third level, agreements will be consummated between the project and private land ownerships whose ownership must be authenticated deeds; At the fourth and final level, it could be to those claims that are based on ancestral or customary/communal land ownership. There is doubt, however, if this category of people will be found in the project area. An example of a compensation agreement is found in A7.2 Complaints and Grievances Though the law courts are the proper and legal forums for the adjudication of disputes or grievances they must be the last resort in the settlement of cases that may arise from the implementation of the resettlement plan. Law suits in Liberia are often time consuming, sometimes frustrating and consume a lot of resources. The Consultant would, therefore, like to propose an alternative resolution mechanism. Encourage the projected affected people to organise themselves, such that they choose their leaders including a grievance committee that will initially handle complaints/grievances between the project and the affected people. This approach is intended to promote peaceful resolution of disputes. It is only when grievances cannot be resolved that the courts should be resorted to.

245 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 221 A4.1.7 Conclusion After inquires with relevant authorities at the relevant agencies of government, i.e., Commission on Refugees, Repatriation and Resettlement and Ministry of Public Works, it has been established that government does not have policies on resettlement, compensation, and expropriation except for the Constitution. Compensation done by those agencies for any purpose, it was learned, are solely determined on the basis of the market value of any object for which compensates the cost of transport fare if they must be relocated, etc., are to be made. It was also indicated that the Resettlement Policy Framework of the World Bank is often the basis for determining payment of compensation. It is also true that the strict application of Liberian land laws could negate compensation to the people in question; yet the Government of Liberia in some cases, has provided assistance to people affected by natural disasters, for instance, in the case of people affected by the operation of concessions, the government has encouraged negotiation between the affected people and concessions. A4.1.8 Recommendations for Assessment of Compensation 1. Pay compensation to the various categories of people residing on the premises of the the project as well as those that could be affected by any expansion; 2. Do a comprehensive survey of the project area to determine the owner of land in (a) free simple (b) by customary/communal ownership (c) trespassers (d) through determination of the quality of assets, including houses, farms, etc. 3. Consider hiring a credible firm that will undertake the surveying and establishing of a system of verification of assets; 4. Contact the Land Commission to conduct a sensitization and/or mobilization of the project area. Without sensitization and awareness of the people, it is most likely that they could resist. The Land Commission has developed some expertise in this area. The Cavalla Rubber Corporation and Sime Darby are examples of concessions where the Land Commission undertook intensive and successful sensitization and awareness campaign, though the exercise could be at the project s expense. 5. Establish clearly delineated boundaries of the project land identifiable by large visible monument, cornerstones, objects or fence the entire area such that it prevents further unlawful entry and settlement upon the land.

246 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 222 A4.2 Compensation Agreement REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA MONTSERRADO COUNTY AGREEMENT FOR COMPENSATION THIS AGREEMENT FOR COMPENSATIONS FOR LOSSES INCURRED AS A RESULT OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE LEC HYDRO REHABILITATION PROJECT, made and entered into this day of July, A.D 2012 BY AND THROUGH ITS MANAGEMENT, REPRESENTED BY ITS MANAGING DIRECTOR,OF THE CITY OF MONROVIA, REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA, PARTY OF THE FIRST PART HEREIN AFTER KNOWN AND REFERRED TO AS THE PROJECT AND MR./MRS./MISS A MEMBER OF THE LEC HYDRO REHABILITATION PROJECT AFFECTED PEOPLE OF THE MOUNT COFFEE WHITE PLAINS GREATER AREA, MONTSERRADO COUNTY, REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA, HEREIN AFTER KNOWN AND REFERRED TO AS THE PARTY OF THE SECOND PART, ARE ALL AGREED AS FOLLOWS: WITNESSETH THAT FOR AND IN CONSIDERATION OF THE LOSSES INCURRED (HOUSE, FARM, LAND, CROPS, TREES, ETC.) AND THE VALUE AND COMPENSATION DETERMINED THEREOF AND THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS SET FORTH HEREIN TO BE FULLY IMPLEMENTED BY PARTIES OR THEIR REPRESENTATIVES TO THIS AGREEMENT TO WIT: 1. THAT THE PARTY OF THE FIRST PART DESIROUS TO EXECUTE SUCCESSFULLY ITS PROJECT WITH THE SCOPE AND PRESCRIBED TIME FRAME HAS AGREED TO PAY COMPENSATION AS JUST AND FAIR MARKET VALUE ( S) FOR THE AFOREMENTIONED PROPERTY DESCRIBED AND OR LISTED; 2. THAT THE PARTY OF THE FIRST PART HAVING FULLY AND ADEQUATELY ITSELF THAT THE SAID COMPENSATION OF UNITED STATES DOLLARS REPRESENTS A FAIR JUST AND MARKET VALUE OF THE SAID PROPERTY(IES) HAS RECEIVED SAID AMOUNT OF IN FULL FOR ANY AND ALL SUCH PROPERTY(IES) HEREIN DESCRIBED;

247 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page THAT THE PARTY OF THE SECOND PART HAVING RECEIVED ALL SUCH JUST COMPENSATION RELINQUISHES ALL CLAIMS FOR THE SAME PROPERTY(IES) AND THEREFORE CANNOT UNDER THE CIRCUMSTANCES ASSERT ANY CLAIMS EITHER BY IT OR ITS HEIRS AND OR REPRESENTATIVES; WHEREFORE AND IN VIEW OF THE COVENANT AND OR AGREEMENT WE/ I AFFIXED MY SIGNATURE THIS DAY OF A.D SIGNED: PARTY OF THE SECOND PART, MEMBER OF PROJECTED PEOPLE PARTY OF FIRST PART, FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT WITNESS(ES): LEGAL COUNSEL,PARTY OF THE SECOND PART CITIZEN OF LIBERIA

248 Mount Coffee HPP ESIA and RAP Date Resettlement Action Plan Page 224 ANNEX 5: INVENTORY OF COMPENSATION A5.1 List of Prices for Economic Crops Damaged during Development Projects.

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