TEMPORARY LABOUR MIGRATION PROGRAM

Transcription

1 IOM International Organization for Migration OIM Organización Internacional para las Migraciones TEMPORARY LABOUR MIGRATION PROGRAM GUATEMALA - CANADA Günther Müssig Quebec, Canada, February 2009

2 LABOUR MIGRATION TO CANADA Part of Temporary Foreign Workers Program (TFWP) and according to NOC, classification C and D as lowskilled Private initiative based, MOU between FERME and IOM Carried out by Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Labour with technical assistance of IOM Started 2003 in Québec with 215 workers and expanded to other 4 Canadian Provinces. In 2008: 3,313 workers Started in agriculture and expanded to other sectors, such as poultry farms, landscaping, laundry, construction, etc.

3 OPERATIONAL ASPECTS Recruitment upon request of employers organizations, i.e. FERME, FARMS, WALI or individual employers Recruitment criteria: Demand of employers and special requirements for type of work In accordance with local economy Poverty rate Operational cost of USD 120 is covered by tax exemption Upfront cost for workers less USD 340 to pay before departure: USD 160 for visa, USD 75 for medex, USD 70 for airport tax, and USD 36 for medical insurance for family members in Guatemala. No external recruitment agents involved No recommendations accepted from any institutions or organizations

4 PROCESS OF THE PROGRAM 1. Recruitment; 2. Processing Recruitment Form; 3. Handling of documents required from workers; 4. Payment of expenses; 5. Sending visa request to the Embassy of Canada; 6. Medical examination; 7. Workers requirements; 8. Appointment of workers according to requirements; 9. HRSDC Request (Work Permit); 10. Obtaining visas; 11. Briefing for travel; 12. Airport Assistance 13. Protection of workers in Canada; 14. Contact and evaluation after workers return; 15. Additional products that strengthen the Program Remittance banking Medical Plan for the families of workers

5 LEGAL ASPECTS Whole process for temporary foreign workers starts with LMO (Labour Market Opinion) Employer has to prove that no national or permanent resident is available to carry out that work. No potentially negative impact on the level of employment. Establishes wages, which are higher than minimum wage. Important is that foreign workers do not lower wages and working conditions and do not displace nationals. Regulates work hours (minimum 40 per week) and duration of contract. Signed contracts approved by authorities (salary, deductions, social security, housing, payment of return ticket, finalization of work, etc).

6 TEMPORARY WORKERS IN CANADA 2008 Baffin Island YUKON TERRITORY Iqaluit NORTHWEST TERRITORIES NUNAVUT Hudson Strait BRITISH COLUMBIA 252 ALBERTA 165 MANITOBA Hudson Bay ONTARIO 258 QUEBEC 2,632 NEWFOUNDLAND & LABRADOR PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND 6 NOVA SCOTIA

7 ORIGIN OF WORKERS PET 6 RET 9 HUE 10 QUI 104 BV 7 SM TOT QUET CHIM 10 SOL 1, GUA SAC SUCH 13 ESC 14 SR 197 AV 13 EP 273 JAL 5 JUT 105 ZAC 4 CHIQ 5 IZ 11 Niveles de Pobreza (%) Total de Trabajadores Total Deptos. Menos de (7.1%) 1 31 a (18.6%) ,904 (57.5%) 7 71 y Más 559 (16.9%) 8 TOTAL 3,313 22

8 CONTRACTS % % % % % % % % % % 0 One Tw o Three Four Five Six Seven Eight Nine Ten AVERAGE ANNUAL STAY 5.6 MONTHS

9 CONTRACT FULFILLMENT OF GUATEMALAN WORKERS IN CANADA 93.2% of 2,255 workers fulfilled the contract in % (1,015) of the workers had traveled previously and 55% (1,237) traveled for the first time. 6.8% of the workers did not fulfill their contract due to different causes: 2.8% behavior/low productivity 1.7% health problems 1.4% family reasons 0.8% problems of adaptation 0.1% AWOL

10 COMPARED PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF EARNINGS BY WORKERS (PERIOD ) DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENSES Percentage 2005 Percentage 2007 TOTAL Difference House building Paying debts (trip) Basic needs House enlargement Clothing and shoes Furniture and equipment Education expenses Purchase of land and/or houses Savings Health expenses Other expenses Purchase of agricultural tools Purchase of vehicle Recreation and culture

11 REMITTANCE TRANSFER MECHANISM Payroll and wire transfer instructions VEGETABLE FARM LTD. FORMAT 2 Canadian Format Check Amount Transfer Fees: Balance in Can$.: Exchange Rate CAN$ / USD$ CAN$. CAN$. CAN$. CAN$. 51, , Transfer Amount US$ Transfer Fees USA Bank USD$. USD$. 45, Date: 16/02/2007 No. Exchange Mi Gente 1 Mi Ahorro Name Account Number Salary in Can $ FEES SALDO in Can $ Saldo in USD$ Tax USA SALDO USD$ Rate (Remittance) (Saving) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) US$ (10) (11) (4-3) (5 / 6) (8) (9) 01 PATZ, ROMAN SAPON, EULALIO YAT, LEONEL ESTUARDO CHAMAN LOPEZ, JOSE PEREZ JUAREZ, JUAN , , CORNELIO, JORGE VASQUEZ, BERNARDINO AGUETA, MARIO RAFAEL DIAZ COLOP, FRANCISCO LOPEZ, PEDRO , PEREZ MARTINEZ, EMILIO SANTOS, JUAN

12 OPTIONS OF THE PROGRAM YEARLY COST IN US$ TYPE OF PLAN FAMILY INDIVIDUAL A) BASIC PLAN SERVICES - General physician, gynecologist and pediatrician - Orthopedist B) SILVER PLAN C) GOLD PLAN Laboratory: urine, feces, blood tests - Diagnostic images: X-rays - Emergency services and programmed movements - Dentist - Specialists (Orthopedists, Gastroenterologists, etc) - Maternity

13 3,400 3,200 3,000 2,800 2,600 2,400 2,200 2,000 1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1, Growth of number of workers Permanent old workers Workers of previous years New workers CIRCULARITY , ,252 1, , ,313 1,642 1,

14 CIRCULARITY 3,400 3,200 3,000 2,800 New workers Workers of previous years 3,313 2,600 2,400 2,200 2,252 1,671 50% 2,000 1,800 1,600 1,237 55% 1,400 1,200 1, , % % % % 41% % % %

15 IOM International Organization for Migration OIM Organización Internacional para las Migraciones Web site: Working Notebooks on Migration No. 22 & 25