Darfur Humanitarian Profile No. 25

Transcription

1 UNITED NATIONS ألا مم المتحدة 联合国 NATIONS UNIES Организация Объединенных Наций NACIONES UNIDAS Office of UN Deputy Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General for Sudan UN Resident and Humanitarian Co-ordinator Darfur Humanitarian Profile No. 25 Situation as of 01 October 2006 P.O. Box 913, 11111, Khartoum, SUDAN. Tel.: (249) Fax: (249)

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION I I. AFFECTED POPULATION TRENDS AND ANALYSIS... 3 II. HUMANITARIAN ACCESS... 3 III. RESPONSE CAPACITY AID WORKERS IN DARFUR... 5 IV. PROVISION AND QUALITY OF ASSISTANCE... 6 SECTION II OVERVIEW CHARTS Chart 1: Estimated Number of IDPs and the Total Affect Population Chart 2: Trend of Affected Population Accessible to UN Humanitarian Aid Chart 3: Trend of Humanitarian Staff Working in Darfur Chart 4: Number of People Assisted in Key Humanitarian Sectors Chart 5: Trends in SFC Admissions and Performance Indicators Chart 6: Trends in TFC Admissions and Performance Indicators MAP OF DARFUR AFFECTED LOCATIONS (to be included at a later date)) SECTION III ANNEXES WITH LOCATION-SPECIFIC MATRIXES (SEPARATE DOCUMENT) I. North Darfur II. South Darfur III. West Darfur Please address any comments to the UN Darfur Coordination and Information Cell, OCHA - Khartoum: Mike McDonagh, Manager Christian Smets, Field Liaison/Reporting Officer Office: +249 (0) ext.9492 Office: +249 (0) ext Mobile: +249 (0) Mobile: +249 (0) mcdonaghm@un.org smets@un.org All maps provided by the Humanitarian Information Centre for Darfur (HIC). 2

3 I. Affected Population trends and analysis 1. The persistent high levels of insecurity over the past months have forced substantial numbers of innocent civilians to flee their villages and leave their cultivated farmlands, which are often deliberately destroyed. Thousands of newly displaced continue to stream into IDP camps or are dispersed in the bush. Gereida in South Darfur now has the largest IDP concentration in the region, with approximately 128,000 internally displaced. The number of displaced in IDP settlements, at nearly 2 million, has reached its highest level ever since the conflict started in Another two million Darfurians are considered to be directly affected by the ongoing crisis and are in need of humanitarian aid, again the highest number ever since the beginning of the current crisis. 2. The total number of IDPs increased by some 125,000 people with respect to the 1 July report, partly reflecting the 200,000 people displaced by intensified fighting and increased insecurity between July and September. Many people hide in the bush before attempting a return to their villages or moving on to IDP settlements, as evident in North Darfur where many civilians have been displaced for the first time, while many others are displaced for the second or third time, as around Gereida (South Darfur) and the Jebel Marra (West Darfur). 3. The deepening crisis in Darfur is also reflected by the constant rise in the affected residential populations. Their figures grew again by another 110,000, to reach just over 2 million people, as the protracted crisis continues to erode their traditional survival mechanisms. Although 80% of residents cultivated land, overall insecurity constrained access to markets and farmlands, and resulted in reduced areas of cultivated land, looting of livelihoods and increased problems to raise animals. The production in cereals is forecast to have a deficit of between 381,000 and 496,000 MT in Despite a slight improvement with respect to last year, only 42% of the affected residents are considered food secure and most of the populations will have to rely on external food aid. Chart 1 shows the evolution of affected populations and the percentage of IDPs since April CHART 1. Estimated Number of IDPs and the Total Affected Population (UN estimates since April 2004) Population 4,500,000 4,000,000 3,500,000 3,000,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000, , % 50% 49% 79%72% 76%77% 78% 76% 75%69%63% 58% 53% 52%50% 50% 92%90% 90% 83%82%79% APR'04 MAY'04 JUNE'04 JULY'04 AUG'04 SEPT'04 OCT'04 NOV'O4 DEC'04 JAN '05 FEB '05 MAR '05 APR '05 MAY '05 JUNE '05 JULY '05 AUG '05 SEPT '05 OCT '05 NOV'05 DEC'05 JAN'06 APR'06 JUL'06 OCT'06 IDPs Total Affected Population 3

4 II. Humanitarian Access 4. Humanitarian access in Darfur is primarily determined by a combination of two factors: The degree of insecurity, which may require the United Nations and other humanitarian partners to suspend or limit operations in certain unsafe areas for a certain amount of time; The continued harassment of humanitarian organizations and workers, including increased bureaucratic obstacles, hijacking of cars and personnel, the use of military combat vehicles (cars and aircraft) similar in appearance to the ones for humanitarian purposes, denial of access contrary to the Darfur Moratorium and SOFA agreements, limitation of recruitment and intimidation of national staff, break-ins in humanitarian compounds, bullying and random denial of access to affected areas and IDP camps. Chart 2 shows the trend of the affected population accessible according to UN security standards since April On 1 October 2006, UN accessibility in Darfur plummeted to 64%, the lowest access rate since April 2004, with all three states equally affected. It is important to note that NGOs and Red Cross/Crescent societies may assist people in UN no-go or limited access areas, but they become increasingly wary to access areas with a high risk of targeted road banditry. CHART 2. Percent of Affected Population Accessible to UN Humanitarian Aid since April 2004 % of affected populations accessible APR'04 MAY'04 JUNE'04 5. Access to the affected populations has been severely hampered by a number of factors. First is the continuing high level of insecurity, marked by confrontations between GoS (and its allies) and the newly founded NRF, clashes between signatories and non-signatories of the DPA, continued attacks on unarmed citizens and increased road banditry. The shifting of frontlines, the fragmentation of armed groups and their unclear chain of command further complicate safe humanitarian access to large parts of the 4 million affected populations. 6. Often the most important factor for decreased access is the intolerably high incidence of increasingly violent hijackings of humanitarian vehicles, with a debilitating effect on the organizations transport means. Between July and September, 21 humanitarian vehicles have JULY'04 AUG'04 SEPT'04 OCT'04 NOV'O4 DEC'04 JAN '05 FEB '05 MAR '05 APR '05 MAY '05 JUNE '05 JULY '05 AUG '05 SEPT '05 OCT '05 NOV'05 DEC'05 JAN'06 APR'06 JUL'06 OCT'06 4 % accessible total North Darfur South Darfur West Darfur

5 been hijacked and 31 convoys ambushed and looted, during which six humanitarian workers and two AU Military Observers were killed. In addition, one humanitarian was killed in the crossfire during a GoS-NRF clash, and three WES (the GoS counterpart for UNICEF water and sanitation activities) personnel gruellingly killed by IDPs in Hassa Hissa camp, Zalingei. 7. Various factions of the rebel movements have often resorted to the hijacking of humanitarian vehicles, to be used in combat. In August, humanitarian organizations withdrew from Tawilla (North Darfur), after five vehicles had been hijacked at gunpoint in less than a month. As a result, over 107,000 affected residents have been left without humanitarian presence. Fighting between pro- and contra DPA SLA groups also seriously constrained humanitarian presence and access to the Muhajiriya area in South Darfur. The UN continuously assesses the local security situations, attempts to re-assess routes and negotiate safe passage for aid convoys while advocating for the respect of humanitarian principles, but in the current fluid context this is becoming increasingly challenging. Worryingly, the military buildup and strategic pre-positioning in many areas forebode further wide-spread insecurity. Experience of the past years has taught that attacks will increase significantly during the dry season (November-May). 8. In addition, Government authorities have further restricted free movement and activities of humanitarian organizations contrary to the Darfur Moratorium and SOFA regulations. UN missions have often been denied access to the affected populations by GoS authorities in airports and roadblocks demanding HAC travel permits not required for UN staff under the SOFA agreement. In addition, National Security suspended the activities of one NGO In Kass (South Darfur), while GoS authorities suspended another NGO s activities in Kalma and other areas of South Darfur. Stricter control mechanisms on NGO activities, imports of humanitarian supplies and recruitment procedures have also been introduced. III. Response Capacity aid workers in Darfur 9. Challenged by major access restrictions but with increased financial resources at hand, the humanitarian presence has remained stable with more than 13,600 national and international aid workers. Some 80 NGOs and Red Cross/Crescent Societies and 13 UN agencies continue to support the affected populations in Darfur. Chart 3 Trend of Humanitarian Staff Working in Darfur (April 2004 October 2006) ,647 Total Number of Staff Apr-04 May-04 Jun-04 Jul-04 Aug-04 Sep-04 Oct-04 Nov-04 Dec-04 Jan-05 Feb-05 Mar-05 Apr-05 5 Month International National Total May-05 June '05 July '05 Aug '05 Sep '05 Oct '05 Nov'05 Dec'05 Jan'06 Apr'06 Jul'06 Oct'06 12,754 National 893 International

6 IV. Provision and Quality of Assistance 10. Despite the manifold constraints, the humanitarian community has been able to carry out the bulk of its programmes and to safeguard the humanitarian standards for the affected people. In September, WFP and NGO partners distributed food to almost 3 million people, although 195,000 people could not be reached as a result of fighting and road banditry in North Darfur. UNICEF, WFP and FAO successfully completed their annual Darfur Emergency Food Security and Nutrition Survey in September. Preliminary results show that overall malnutrition rates remained statistically unvaried and below the emergency threshold, with Global Acute Malnutrition at 13.1% and Severe Acute Malnutrition at 2%. Mortality rates dropped from 0.48 per 10,000/day to 0.36 this year. Food aid will remain necessary next year, as 70% of the conflict-affected populations are still considered food insecure. Only 51% of the surveyed households have cultivated land this year, the same number as in The success of the harvests and the monitoring thereof will depend on the prevailing levels of insecurity during the next months. 11. In West Darfur, major achievements have been made to stem an outbreak of Acute Watery Diarrhoea, following various preventive measures such as chlorination of water points, accelerated distribution of soap and hygiene education. During the rainy season, activities to control the outbreak of vector-borne diseases such as malaria and yellow fever have also been stepped up. In response to the influx of tens of thousands of new IDPs in several camps, the humanitarian community has extended water and sanitation services, upgraded health services and increased food distributions. Overall, 73.3% of the conflict-affected populations have now access to safe water, up from 62.5% last year, and more than what is reflected by the humanitarian interventions in this sector, since safe water structures existed prior to the intervention. Insecurity and road conditions have somewhat delayed the distribution of Non- Food Items, but commercial trucks have been able to supply shelter and other materials to the most needy groups in IDP camps, schools, clinics and orphanages. 12. Over the last months, the international donor community has responded positively to the appeals for increased financial support. Not only has this permitted the continuation and invigoration of existing programmes in all life-saving sectors, but it has also allowed the resumption of some activities, such as the food for education programme. Continued high levels of financial support will be required for Current funding resources will last only a few more months while the humanitarian crisis in Darfur is expected to continue, and may possibly even worsen. WFP will face shortfalls in some commodities during the first months of 2007, if no new funds are made available soon. Coordinated contingency planning is also ongoing to allow a prompt response in case the situation should suddenly worsen. CHART 4. Number of People Assisted in Key Humanitarian Sectors Jan 2006 Oct 2006 Number of People Assisted in Key Humanitarian Sectors 3,000,000 2,750,000 2,500,000 2,250,000 2,000,000 People Assisted 1,750,000 1,500,000 1,250,000 1,000,000 Oct '06 Jan '06 750, , ,000 0 Food Clean water Sanitation Primary Health Care Basic Drug Supplies Secondary Health Care 6

7 An in-depth sectoral update as per 1 July Food: WFP and ICRC food distributions have increased substantially between July (over 40,000 MT of food to 2.5 million beneficiaries) and September, when some 43,000 MT of food was distributed to nearly 3 million beneficiaries, representing the highest number of people served this year. In July, Joint WFP/FAO Food for Seed Protection Programmes were implemented in North and South Darfur targeting a total of 157,825 beneficiaries with 1,793 MT of food. The programme aims at increasing farmers' capacity to cultivate more land with food for consumption. In August, WFP distributed three month rations for August, September and October to 200,000 beneficiaries under the Food for Seed Protection Programme in South Darfur. The Emergency Food Security and Nutrition Assessment mission in Darfur began in September, in partnership with UNICEF, FAO, WHO, Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Government of Sudan. The survey assessed the food security and nutrition status of IDPs and vulnerable rural residents and identified appropriate food and non-food interventions for Despite ongoing insecurity, the survey teams covered 29 out of the 30 planned clusters in North and West Darfur, and all 30 in South Darfur. Preliminary results of the assessment revealed overall malnutrition levels to have mostly stabilized in 2006 and food insecurity improved slightly, following the strong international response to the crisis in Darfur. However, 70 percent of the conflict-affected population is considered food insecure. The final findings of this assessment are being studied and will inform WFP's operation in Darfur for the coming months. WFP and Cooperating Partners are expanding the Food-for-Education (FFE) project in Darfur. The State Ministry of Education has signed an agreement with WFP for FFE in North Darfur targeting 60,000 children in El Fasher, Kutum and Kabkabiya with 1,110 MT from September to December. In El Geneina, project proposals have been drafted to expand the project in Habila from 6 to 41 schools targeting 16,600 students, and to initiate the FFE project in El Geneina Town. In Nyala, FFE covers 44 schools in 34 locations with a total caseload of about 21,000 students. 14. Agriculture: During the planting season, FAO and partners distributed a total of 2,615 MT of crop seeds to 132,600 households in Darfur. In addition, almost 275,000 hand tools and 13,000 donkey plows were distributed. Some 317,000 households benefited of the programme. Overall, the rainy season was reported to be quite favourable, except in a few isolated cases. Solidarities vaccinated more than 100,000 heads of animals in Ed Daien and Muhajiriya targeting nomads and resident populations in these areas, and Samaritans Purse conducted a vaccination campaign in Dito for 30,000 animals with FAO s assistance. In El Fasher, CHF veterinary clinics in Zam Zam, Abu Shouk and As Salaam IDPs camps treated thousands of different animals per month, with drugs and equipment supplied by FAO. By the end of July, COOPI finalized a vaccination campaign targeting 400,000 heads of different animals in Mallit locality (North Darfur). In West Darfur, 40,000 cattle, 5,600 sheep and 1,300 camels were vaccinated against BQ, HS and Anthrax in Geneina and Zalingei. FAO, in collaboration with the National Forestry Corporation (NFC), has launched a tree planting campaign aimed at planting and distributing 500,000 seedlings produced in different nurseries in the state. By September, 150,000 seedlings have been produced by the forestry department of Zalingei University and 120,000 at Geneina nursery of the Forestry department. 15. Non-food items: Distribution of shelter materials and other NFIs greatly decreased in the third quarter as compared to the second quarter due to access constraints. The funding shortfall and low stock levels that characterized the second quarter of the year have been largely resolved during the 7

8 third quarter. Despite movement restrictions, the Darfur NFI Common Pipeline (CP) was able to reach more than 96,000 vulnerable households (over 576,000 individuals). During August and September, rains impeded access and, coupled with tension in the IDP camps, contributed to the overall decrease in distributions across the region. Distributions targets had been reviewed for the third quarter due to anticipated insecurity and effects of the rainy season. A lack of transport has also impeded NFI distributions during the reporting period coupled with intermittent fuel shortages. In July, distributions of NFIs from the NFI CP reached almost 18,000 households. The commodities were distributed to the following locations: Gereida (South Darfur), El Fasher town, Shangil Tobayi, Al Salam and Zamzam (North Darfur), Kerenek and Kulbus (West Darfur). As part of these distributions, the NFI CP donated 60 tents to IOM to support IDPs from Darfur who settled in Kauda (South Kordofan). In addition, the Darfur NFI Common Pipeline supported community projects by providing items to schools, training centres, health clinics and feeding centres. A high demand for plastic sheeting has been placed on the NFI CP for community projects servicing non-shelter/nfi sectors. UNJLC has agreed to a loan mechanism with UNICEF for the UNICEF-led sectors. Following a joint assessment to Otash camp (South Darfur), the GoS Humanitarian Aid Commission HAC and UNJLC agreed that HAC and the NFI CP would each supply half of the plastic sheeting requirements for the camp. CHF distributed the NFIs with the assistance of the local NGO Al Ruhama/Al Bassma at the end of the month. In August, World Vision distributed 1,100 blankets from the NFI CP to 510 households in Manawashi Camp (South Darfur). WVI also distributed 1,730 mosquito nets from their own pipeline. Save the Chrildren US distributed plastic sheets in Kerenek (West Darfur) to improve latrine facilities. CRS conducted a full distribution of NFIs for the newly displaced of Abu Saroug (West Darfur) which included 2,780 blankets and 1,385 plastic sheets. UNICEF used 180 pieces of plastic sheeting to cover schools in four IDP camps and 25 pieces of plastic sheeting contributed to the upgrading of latrines in Mornei (West Darfur), following an outbreak of cholera in the camp. In September, UNJLC facilitated the delivery of 125 pieces of plastic sheeting through OCHA for Cesseban as part of an emergency response for rain-affected IDPs. A full basket of NFIs was distributed from the NFI CP to 1,839 households in Ed El Fursan (South Darfur). As manager of the NFI Common Pipeline, UNJLC is balancing current NFI needs with the requirement to maintain stocks in order to meet future needs, should insecurity in Darfur lead to further mass displacement. With the continued trend of displacements, distributions will need to be carefully targeted in order to ensure that stocks are available for the neediest beneficiaries. 16. Water and sanitation: Clean water and environmental sanitation is critical to the overall response and containment of water-borne diseases. Throughout North Sudan, 2,238 water supply sources are being chlorinated, protecting approximately 3.3 million people from AWD and cholera. UNICEF s supply response has comprised 312 drums of chlorine powder (14,040 kg); almost 11 million 33 mg tablets, 9,000 sachets of 5g; 967,200 tablets of 1.67g; 2,000 empty jerry cans and 428 tons of soap. Similarly, chlorine testing equipment (112 packs of DPD1, 55 packs of DPD3 and 22 packs of DPD4) has been provided, along with 100 chlorine residual test kits, to ensure good water quality at sources and in households. To maximize the impact of safe water, the interventions have been made hand-in-hand with hygiene promotion and social mobilization UNICEF supporting the provision of information materials and community-based awareness activities to help households protect themselves against the risk of diarrhoea and cholera. Following the killings of Government WES personnel in July and with the ongoing security concerns throughout Darfur, WES activities continue to be hampered. Access to SLA-controlled areas was almost non-existent due to fighting among factions. UNICEF has negotiated with the 8

9 SLA and NRF to improve access and visits are being planned to finalize access arrangements. WES officers have not been welcome in many Darfur camps due to ongoing suspicion about water poisoning, but this month they were able to return to Abu Shouk camp and complete the hand-over of an ICRC water yard. In West Darfur, attacks on agency vehicles and staff continue to limit field access, resulting in high coverage for some areas and neglect of areas where interventions are desperately required. In Gereida, two newly drilled boreholes fitted with submersible pumps are now providing safe water to more than 27,000 IDPs daily. In addition, a temporary distribution network of 2.6 km with two tanks and eight water collection points of six taps each have been constructed. UNICEF and partners have also constructed 1.46 km permanent water supply network with two tanks and four tap stands. Weekly solid waste clean-up campaigns continue. 17. Health: A total of 180,035 children aged between 9 months and 15 years have been vaccinated in a measles campaign in West Darfur achieving 75% coverage. UNICEF and partners conducted the final stage of the Darfur measles mop-up campaign conducted in early August. Coverage was high: 92% in North Darfur some 209,235 children between 9 months and 15 years old; and 73% in West Darfur 180,035 children between 9 months and 15 years old. These figures are percentages of the target in accessible areas. Plans for the November Polio National Immunization Days have been finalized with FMoH, SMoH and WHO to vaccinate 6,173,159 children under five years of age in North Sudan. UNICEF will provide the vaccines and cold chain items, support social mobilization and part of the operational cost of the campaign. Acceleration campaigns have been launched in North and West Darfur targeting 209,000 and 130,000 children under-five respectively, to improve the annual coverage of the six targeted antigens in low performing localities. UNICEF provided the required vaccine and contributed to the operational costs of cold chain, social mobilisation and personnel. Despite prevailing security problems in Darfur, another Polio round was conducted successfully in SLA areas in East Jebel Marra (South Darfur) protecting 55,164 under-five children. 18. Nutrition: Preliminary results of the September Darfur-wide Emergency Food Security and Nutrition Assessment show that the overall humanitarian situation has remained stable with respect to last year. There are variations by state and between displaced and resident populations, however. Overall Global Acute Malnutrition rose from 11.9% in 2005 to 13.1% in 2006 and Severe Acute Malnutrition from 1.4% in 2005 to 2.0% in 2006, but neither is statistically significant. North Darfur continues to have a GAM of 16% which is above the emergency cut-off of 15%. Admissions to feeding centres (SFC and TFC) have fallen in line with seasonal trends. The Darfur survey found that availability of selective feeding centres has halved over the past year. Insecurity in all three states has forced several NGOs to suspend programmes recently. Three local nutrition surveys have been carried out which all found GAM of 15% or higher, highlighting that patches of high malnutrition still do exist across Darfur. Vitamin A supplementation was found to be low at just 35% in the Darfur survey but this will be addressed during the next Polio NID in early November. Pre-harvest indications are that there will be a cereal production similar to last year in South and West Darfur but a reduction in North Darfur, mostly due to drought and pests. 9

10 Sep-04 Therapeutic Feeding Centre Admissions, Greater Darfur Sept 04 - Sept 06 Oct-04 Nov-04 Dec-04 Jan-05 Feb-05 Mar-05 Apr-05 May-05 Jun-05 Jul-05 Aug-05 Sep-05 Oct-05 Nov-05 Dec-05 Jan-06 Feb-06 Mar-06 Apr-06 May-06 Jun-06 Jul-06 Aug-06 Sep-06 Supplementary Feeding Centre Admissions, Greater Darfur, Sept 04- Sept Sep-04 Oct-04 Nov-04 Dec-04 Jan-05 Feb-05 Mar-05 Apr-05 May-05 Jun-05 Jul-05 Aug-05 Sep-05 Oct-05 Nov-05 Dec-05 Jan-06 Feb-06 Mar-06 Apr-06 May-06 Jun-06 Jul-06 Aug-06 Sep Education: In order to preserve a quality learning environment for some 3,300 children, 128 plastic sheets have been provided to 10 schools to cover 64 straw and bamboo classrooms in basic schools around Dar el Salam town and its surrounding areas in North Darfur. In South Darfur, education supplies have been provided to 5,234 students (2,107 girls and 3,127 boys) in 20 basic schools under SLA-controlled Ed Daein locality and a total of 18,300 school uniforms have been tailored by two IDP groups (Kalma and Ottash IDP camps) to allow girls to enrol in school. The State Ministry of Education in South Darfur has agreed to reduce the minimum qualification for volunteer teachers who are participating in the UNICEF-supported in-service volunteer teacher training programme. Some of these teachers will be hired as nomadic education teachers. This month, the volunteer teacher training, conducted by the MoE Teacher Training Department, was completed by 575 teachers. A similar training has been completed for 200 volunteer teachers in Kalma IDP camp conducted by the Norwegian Refugee Committee. This month, in collaboration with WFP and the State Ministry of Education, the Food for Education programme resumed in El Fasher, Kutum and Kabkabiya covering a total of 95 schools and benefiting a total of 60,352 children. UNICEF and the SMoE are working with Parents-Teachers Association (PTAs) to rehabilitate or construct kitchens and stores as well as toilets to facilitate the smooth implementation of the programme. 20. Protection: During the period July to September 2006, conflict and insecurity in Darfur continued to increase, with heavy consequences in terms of attacks and abuses to which civilians were exposed. Three specific developments can be identified that led to the increasing violence against civilians: 10

11 First, in North Darfur, the renewed military campaign by the Government of Sudan and allied militia against non-signatories to the DPA resulted in new indiscriminate killings, including through areal bombardments and other grave violations of civilians rights, as well as in the displacement of around 12,000 persons who sought refuge in already overstretched IDP camps. As there are clear indications that further military operations will follow, a profound sense of insecurity and intimidation pervades the civilian population in large parts of North Darfur, which will lead to losses in harvest production and the paralysis of movements and commercial activities. Second, in South Darfur, widespread attacks by pro-government militias on villages in the triangle Buram Gereida Tulus caused the death of hundreds and the displacement of thousands. A large part of the affected population fled to isolated areas where they remain inaccessible to humanitarian and protection actors. As the attacks were clearly targeting civilians living in villages and small towns, women and children paid an especially heavy toll; over 40 missing children have been recorded by the UN alone, and hundreds more are feared to be separated from their families. Violence targeting women increased around IDP locations in Kass, Gereida, Manawashi and Um Guzan. Third, IDP camps became increasingly insecure and militarized throughout Darfur. There were widespread and persistent reports of violence against civilians in camps, including murder, physical attacks and armed robbery, perpetuating a state of fear and anger among the displaced. Violence against girls and women were clearly on the rise again in the surroundings of many camps, and in particular around Kalma camp (South Darfur). IDPs were increasingly harassed by armed SLA-MM elements in North Darfur, but similar developments involving Chadian armed groups, pro-governement militia and government forces were observed in West and South Darfur as well. Child protection: UNICEF has continued its support to train the AU in Darfur on Child Rights and Child Protection within the Inter-Agency Programme lead by UNDP. The programme has so far reached 638 AU MilObs and 630 AU CivPol in various sectors and group sites across Darfur. Thirty community members in Kutrum have been trained on the consequences of gender-based violence, providing emotional support to survivors of rape as well as orientation on HIV/AIDS. A committee was formed after the training to disseminate information and to further sensitize the community. UNICEF's Darfur-wide implementing partner, SIHA network, conducted the first training in Billeil camp in South Darfur on community awareness and response. The 60 community stakeholders are taking part in the referral system and they have developed an action plan to further disseminate key protection messages. There have been many cases of SGBV in and around Billeil camp in the past and the participants were very vocal and engaged in taking an active role in protecting women and children and in supporting survivors. In Otash camp (South Darfur), where new arrivals are ongoing, efforts are focused on ensuring that the newly arrived children have access to psychosocial support services through integration in the existing child friendly spaces in the camp. Humanitarian actors in the field are also planning to establish new spaces to ensure that all children are receiving adequate support. In addition, UNICEF and UNMIS are assessing the situation in the camp with regard to unaccompanied and separated children. UNICEF conducted a rapid registration for these children, and family tracing will be undertaken in coordination with ICRC. 11