Darfur Humanitarian Profile No. 2

Transcription

1 UNITED NATIONS ألا مم المتحدة 联合国 NATIONS UNIES Организация Объединенных Наций NACIONES UNIDAS OFFICE OF UN RESIDENT AND HUMANITARIAN CO-ORDINATOR FOR THE SUDAN Darfur Humanitarian Profile No May 2004 Next update: 1 June 2004 P.O. Box 913, 11111, Khartoum, SUDAN. Tel.: (249) Fax: (249)

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4 Introduction 1. The Darfur Humanitarian Profile is a living document that aims to provide as comprehensive an overview as possible of the number and locations of internally displaced persons (IDPs) and other people affected by the recent conflict in Darfur, and a description of the current humanitarian agency presence in Darfur. This monthly report aims to provide the most recent information and data available from the field. Most importantly, however, the Humanitarian Profile aims to clearly outline and analyse the needs and gaps in the following sectors: food, shelter, clean water, sanitation, primary health care facilities, basic drug supplies, secondary health facilities, and EPI (immunisation) as of 1 May As such it is a benchmark for assessing the overall humanitarian situation in Darfur and the adequacy of the current humanitarian response. It is further being used for contingency/programme planning and for advocacy and resource mobilisation. A necessary caveat however is that protection remains the IDPs foremost priority and lack of security impacts the relief assistance programme throughout the Darfurs. 2. The Humanitarian Profile consists of the following three elements: A narrative overview including charts and maps, overview tables, providing key figures for each Darfur state regarding numbers of IDPs and affected people and gaps in each humanitarian sector. All figures are provided both for the affected population as a whole and for those that are accessible by the United Nations; An overview and analysis of humanitarian assistance distribution, access and protection issues for each state; And, an overall analysis of the humanitarian needs and gaps based on the data provided in the respective state annexes. 3. Annexes for North, South, and West Darfur provide the information on humanitarian gaps in the overview tables and is specified for each individual IDP location in a one-page matrix. This matrix includes further details on current response, pipeline issues, and action points for the specific location. Methodology 4. The one-page matrices for each IDP location have been filled in at the field level, in cooperation with humanitarian agencies on the ground as well as state Governments. These matrices are linked to an overview table, which is updated automatically each time a figure in one of the matrices is changed. At the Khartoumlevel, the overview tables from North, South and West Darfur are linked to a number of Darfur-wide tables. A number of charts and maps based on the Darfur-wide tables are then produced along with a narrative description of the findings. The Humanitarian Profile is updated on a monthly basis and placed on the internet ( The process is facilitated by an appropriately trained OCHA staff member in each of the three Darfur State capitals as well as by a dedicated OCHA information officer and database/gis specialist in Khartoum. 5. Each of the three Darfur States are administratively divided into a number of Localities sub-divided into Administrative Units, which are further sub-divided into Village Councils, consisting of a number of villages. IDP locations in this Profile usually 4

5 cover one of these three types of geographical areas. The administrative boundaries in Darfur have changed since the previous Humanitarian Profile of 1 April, and are reflected and represented in the maps in this document. 5. The information in the Humanitarian Profile is collected based on a comprehensive list of principles and assumptions, which can be found at the end of this document (before the annexes). Although achievement of Sphere standards is the ultimate goal, different assumptions are used, given the operating circumstances. These assumptions have been agreed by humanitarian agencies working in Darfur since the Humanitarian Profile project was first launched in September Given the demanding operational environment, the fluidity of the situation on the ground and difficulty of obtaining and verifying information, the Profile represents only our best understanding of the situation as of 1 May The gaps indicated in the Profile are set against providing all affected people with basic services, although it is recognised that the human development indicators for Sudan as a whole, indicate that even in peaceful regions of the Sudan the basic human needs of a significant proportion of the population remain unfulfilled. 1 Nevertheless, full coverage must remain the target of humanitarian interventions in Darfur given the extreme vulnerability of its conflict affected population who are generally living in extremely crowded conditions, having lost all sources of livelihood, and prone to various potentially fatal diseases. As a result vulnerability is not a static level, but is at risk of seriously deteriorating further. 8. The Humanitarian Profile focuses solely on immediate humanitarian needs. This reflects the current reality of continued (yet sporadic) attacks and insecurity despite the cease-fire, as people remain fearful of returning to their homes or even accepting humanitarian materials such as shelter, due to further anticipated looting and harassment by militias. Nevertheless, brief references are made in some matrices to assistance provided to farming and education. In general, however, substantive recovery aspects need to be addressed through a separate planning exercise about to be initiated by UNDP, while longer-term development needs must be addressed at a later stage once a substantiated peace has returned to Greater Darfur Region. Please address any comments to: Comments on the information in this Profile should be directed to: Rob Holden, Senior Humanitarian Affairs Officer, Head of UN Darfur Coordination and Information Cell Office telephone: +249 (0) ext. 329 Mobile Telephone: +249 (0) rob.holden@undp.org Jessica Bowers, Information Officer, UN Darfur Coordination and Information Cell Office telephone: +249 (0) ext. 360 Mobile Telephone: +249 (0) jessica.bowers@undp.org 1 According to the Human Development Report 2003, Sudan s HDI is 138 of 175; it is 52 among 94 developing countries on the Human Poverty Index; life expectancy at birth is 55.4 (66.7 world average); 75% of the population have access to an improved water source; and 62% of the population have access to improved sanitation. 5

6 Situational Overview Conflict affected population 1. Following an invitation from the President of Sudan, the UN Secretary-General deployed a high level fact-finding mission led by Mr. James Morris, Executive Director of WFP on 28 April to 02 May The purpose was to broadly assess the humanitarian situation and identify ways to improve the response to the crisis and the condition of the vulnerable population. The mission found the humanitarian situation to be very grave, with the potential to worsen dramatically. Further, that humanitarian assistance is urgently needed and recommended the GoS to strive to ensure the safety, security, and freedom of movement of all civilians in Darfur, allow unimpeded humanitarian access to the region, and prevent further human rights violations. The mission further recommended that the international community promote the protection of civilians, attempt to decentralise assistance, and quickly increase staff and resources to the Darfur emergency. Since the visit, UN agencies are increasing capacity and recruiting experienced staff to fill gaps in humanitarian presence. (A copy of the mission report can be found at 2. A UN Human Rights Commission team was also granted access to Darfur from 22 April to 02 May The mission reviewed the human rights situation and filed a report on 7 May The report stated that the GoS should unequivocally condemn all actions and crimes committed by the Janjaweed (militia) and ensure that all militias are immediately disarmed and disbanded. (A copy of the mission report can be found at 3. Since the signing of a 45 day Humanitarian Ceasefire Agreement on 8 April (effective on 12 April), hostilities in the three Darfur states have decreased, though there is a continued sense of insecurity and fear apparent throughout the war-affected communities. The primary and overriding concern of most conflict-affected people continues to be protection and security. The signing of the cease-fire agreement has allowed agencies to access previously unreachable areas. In addition it has helped, in a limited way, to increase the humanitarian response to the internally displaced and war-affected population. However, access to many areas remains hindered due to the difficulties resulting from a lack of capacity on the part of UN and other operational agencies, which is further exacerbated by continued Government of Sudan (GoS) delays in issuing visas and travel permits for humanitarian personnel and their slow release of essential humanitarian supplies and equipment. 4. The scale and impact of the humanitarian crisis in Darfur continues to rise, despite the cease-fire agreement. The conflict engulfed the entire region and further stressed the already fragile livelihoods of the region. As has been well documented, hundreds of villages have been systematically attacked, possessions looted, agricultural fields scorched, dwellings burnt, thousands of inhabitants were reportedly killed while many more were displaced. Our best estimates for the number of IDPs in Darfur are as follows (see chart 1 below). During this reporting period several patterns have emerged: Violence continues, though to a lesser degree. This has been described as tribal conflict, although most state the violence is between the warring parties or militias such as Janjaweed; 6

7 IDPs continue to relocate to the main urban areas to stay with host population, making identification of beneficiary populations more difficult; And, reports show a growing concern that the GoS is increasing pressure on IDPs to return their places of origin or to other areas, against the will of the population a position that the UN and its partners will not support. 5. It is now estimated that there are in excess of 2 million conflict-affected people in Darfur, as compared to 1.1 million people in the previous Humanitarian Profile of April Of this almost one million are IDPs. More than half the IDPs, about 432,329, are located in West Darfur, while there are approximately 320,906 IDPs in North Darfur and 233,138 in South Darfur, where identification of IDPs and locations is still underway. Please note total numbers do not take into account El Mashtel Camp in El Fasher, North Darfur (16,813 IDPs and conflict-affected). The statistical differences from the previous Humanitarian Profile are due in part to revised and improved data and access, and as a result of IDP movements through the month of April In addition, more than 110,000 refugees are estimated by UNHCR to have fled to neighbouring Chad. Chart 1 Darfur IDPs (UN estimates since September 2003) 1,200,000 1,000, ,373 Number of IDPs 800, , , , ,906 North Darfur South Darfur West Darfur Total 200, ,138 0 Sept'03 Oct'03 Nov'03 Dec'03 Jan'04 Feb'04 Mar'04 Apr'04 Month In areas where IDPs congregate, the total number of displaced is at times double to quintuple that of permanent residents. IDPs and those hosting them are in some ways easier to identify, since IDPs tend to gather in more densely populated areas. For this reason, only those conflict affected people that are either IDPs or residents in areas hosting IDPs are included in this Profile as seen in Chart 2 (below). In addition, the Humanitarian Profile includes only those conflict-affected people that have been identified or assessed by credible humanitarian agencies. 7

8 CHART 2 Estimated Number of Conflict Affected Population (IDPs and Host Communities) Number of People ,636 Total: 1,090,009 North: 349,333 South: 284,847 West: 455, Host Communities IDPs ,373 23, ,427 51, , , ,329 0 Total North South West Darfur State 6. Protection and security remain the foremost concern and priority of most IDPs and humanitarian agencies. If allowed, IDPs continue to move within the region to safer places following attacks on their current places of refuge. Despite the announcement of the ceasefire by the warring parties, human rights abuses are still being reported from the IDP communities and other war-affected people. The displaced are concentrated in areas from which, if they dare to venture, will often be the target for Janjaweed attacks, especially when IDPs leave the village to collect firewood, fodder, and food. It is still the case that men fear death and women beatings, rape, and abduction. The main protection concerns are: Threats to life Freedom of movement Forced relocation Forced return Sexual violence Restricted access to humanitarian assistance, social services, sources of livelihood, and basic services 7. Freedom of movement is severely restricted. Most people are not free to leave their villages and/or locations of refuge (as in Wadi Saleh or Kass) and may be putting their life at risk if they try to do so. Armed militias on camels and horses are still often seen, with and without uniforms, wandering around the villages and IDPs settlements from where come continuous reports of harassment, looting, intimidation, and other human rights violations. Daily life for host communities is equally perturbed. Return for the displaced is rendered impossible, as they perceive their security in the rural areas as not enforced. Reports also indicate that IDPs are not allowed the choice 8

9 of destination. In the South, many are turned back when they try to reach Nyala or Kalma (known as forced relocation ). In addition, authorities continue to pressure other IDPs across the state to return to their places of origin ( forced return ), where the Government of Sudan (GoS) want to regroup them in clusters, a violation of basic Civil and Political Rights and the constitution of Sudan. In West Darfur, government funds were mobilised to rehabilitate villages where IDPs do not want to return. Reports show government officials forcing families to return to their villages of origin, only to be harassed back into camps by marauding militias. 8. There is a long pattern of legitimising the Janjaweed by giving them uniforms, and badges. The GoS use regularised Janjaweed as a tool to enforce security in the war-affected areas, including some IDP camps in April Police forces are being withdrawn or their work undermined by the presence of the Popular Defence Force (PDF). In addition, the government has set up a number of peace initiatives throughout the region, but it is difficult to determine how effective many are. The GoS concept that former persecutors will provide the security for their erstwhile victims undermines all voluntary return efforts. Therefore, IDP return or relocation without violating national and international law will be near impossible. 9. Worrying trends have been observed across the province with the domination of rural areas by the Arab militias. There are rumours that these people are settling on land previously inhabited and worked by the displaced. For instance, Beida and Arara families have reportedly travelled from Chad into West Darfur and nomads seem to have settled in Kailek (South Darfur) once the village was emptied. There is concern that the Government has no intention or ability to rein in the Janjaweed, or disarm them. 10. Sexual violence is also a grave concern, especially within the IDP communities residing in camps and settlements. Women and girls collecting essential water and wood are especially at risk, moreover reports indicate sexual violence occurring inside the camps occur as well. Sexual violence can take more subtle forms: both men and women report being forced to take their clothes off which constitutes a form of mental rape and imposes a tremendous humiliation and stress on victims. Humanitarian agencies continue to follow the issue. 11. Of increasing worry is the plight of Dinka IDPs in South Darfur, who have become increasingly affected by the current crisis over this reporting period. Issues of security, protection, and movements are starting to be documented by agencies working in the south of the state. This has been raised with the authorities, have not taken the situation seriously enough. 12. The field offices report that access continues to be an issue, in part due to low capacity levels of the UN and operational agencies covering. The main problem relating to access is the continued delays, restrictions, and refusals by the GoS to issue humanitarian workers with travel permits, supplies, and equipment. This severely hampers proposed and urgently needed emergency intervention. However, this is not the sole source of difficulty with respect to humanitarian access. In North Darfur and South Darfur, many areas remain insecure and inaccessible. The ability to access the victims of the war who need humanitarian assistance is also seriously constrained by insecurity. Protection of the victims and safety of humanitarian workers and cargo remains a key issue. During the month of April SLA soldiers temporarily detained two WFP staff members while en route to a distribution. On another occasion, armed men in uniform and on camelback targeted two UNICEF activities in Kalma camp. 9

10 13. The food security situation in Darfur remains precarious and is likely to worsen. In general, most accessible vulnerable populations receive food through the efforts of WFP and its implementing partners. In a small number of locations in North Darfur (Kebkabiya, Tawilla, Kutum, Fata Borno, and El Fasher-Town) relatively large and stable groups of IDPs have gathered and access for humanitarian agencies has been relatively consistent throughout April. In these locations, regular access has enabled agencies to provide an adequate range of humanitarian assistance across a broad range of sectors, according to the assessed priorities and agency specializations. In April 2004, WFP distributed 8,895 metric tonnes to beneficiaries across Darfur and assessments continue. The agency estimates that 1.2 million will require approximately 121,869 metric tonnes of food assistance between May and December 2004, or 13,540 metric tonnes per month (3.457 MT for North Darfur, 3,537 MT to South Darfur, and 6,547 MT to West Darfur). These figures are likely to significantly increase, given the needs of the resident population will increase over the coming months. Given the increase in the needs of the resident population, WFP recently approved a new emergency operation to cater to the needs of some 1.2 million waraffected beneficiaries. 14. Water is scarce and sanitation and health facilities is almost nonexistent in most locations were IDPs are seeking refuge. In the rural areas, services available are few, as the operational environs are complex and volatile. Civilian infrastructure is all but destroyed in rural areas, most dwellings are destroyed, civilians are scattered (often in mountain areas), and as such issues of access, security, and deliberate government delays complicate the challenge of assessment and service provision. At the rate of 3 per day, UNICEF expects to reach a target of 600 wells rehabilitated in Darfur by mid- May, out of 2,700 identified wells in the region. Other basic services remain low, with weak and inefficient health care, poor access to adequate water, hygiene and sanitation practice. 15. A key challenge is to rapidly mobilise significant inputs to address the shelter and household needs of the war-affected population of the three Darfur States. The internally displaced population (IDPs) in Darfur is estimated at one million, of which some 250,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) are residing in settlements and need comprehensive non-food items (NFI) assistance, while another 750,000 IDPs are in need of partial NFI assistance. The shelter options in spontaneous settlements throughout Darfur provide insufficient protection from the weather conditions and the desert environment with its extreme temperatures. The approaching rainy season will additionally complicate the IDPs living conditions raising the risks of communicable diseases and potentially affecting the morbidity and mortality figures which have risen since the displacement (see map 3 below). Shelter provisions to-date and current incountry stocks fall extremely short of the assessed and projected requirements. There is an estimated 88% gap in the provision of shelter and NFI material (Darfur Humanitarian Profile, 1 April 2004). Faced with a great urgency in the field and running out of time to respond, the UN Sudan is adopting a flexible approach to the shelter and NFI emergency relief. 10

11 Map 3 shows what populations may be accessible during the rainy season: 16. Despite the decree issued by the central government that all medical care in the Darfur province should be free, it has yet to be imposed, though WHO is following the issue. The Ministry of Health (MoH) is reported to have so little funding from the central government that it cannot initiate this much-needed plan. The result is a widespread refusal by the population to go to hospitals and health centres for treatment for lack of funds. WHO and ICRC continue to assist hospitals with essential drugs, material, and equipment. The operating environment is very difficult, and will become more challenging with the rainy season. In addition to insecurity, the dialogue among the implementing partners is objectively difficult, and this further reduces the capacity and local readiness to deliver humanitarian assistance. Increased technical support is provided with deployment of three international staff from headquarters and the regional office for 6-week rotations, WHO has also seconded an international logistician to UNJLC. In the three states WHO is focusing on activities so that health needs are identified, monitored and properly addressed and the risks related to communicable diseases, poor water supply and sanitation, an inadequate referral system poor access and poor quality of primary health care are reduced. In April, WHO conducted health 11

12 assessments in four areas, in two areas the findings were grave. In Kalama the under-5 daily mortality rates were found to be oscillating between 4.5 and 5.5 per 10,000/day) and in Kaliek, the under-5 mortality rate was found to be 147 per 10,000/day. Partners were immediately alerted and the situation stabilized in both areas. 17. Health agencies on the ground are battling against massive caseloads, attempting to provide healthcare to tens of thousands of people. The problem is so acute that in some areas a triage system was forced into use to address severe cases and illnesses in the under five-years only. Malnutrition and child mortality rates amongst the whole IDP population are starting to reach alarming levels. To highlight the severity of the situation, over 400 children now being treated for Therapeutic Feeding Centres in one camp (Mornei IDP Camp, West Darfur). To ensure access to quality referral care WHO will support eight rural hospitals in Kass, Buram, Kebkabiya, Garseilla, Eldeein, Idalfarsan and Saraf Orma. 18. Much work has been done across Darfur, as can be seen above. However, discussions continue between the UN agencies, NGOs, and donor community to satisfy the clear deficiencies faced in Darfur. Increasing the staff, equipment, and funding for the crisis is of utmost importance to defining a protection-oriented policy of assistance, increasing the quality and pertinence of assessments, enhancing delivery and implementation capacity, and improving monitoring capabilities. Accessible population 19. Chart 3 indicates the proportion of the conflict-affected people that are accessible according to United Nations security standards. This figure for Darfur as a whole is 77% (82% for North Darfur, 63% for South Darfur and 87% for West Darfur), meaning that 859,897 conflict-affected people are located in areas that are accessible according to UN security standards. This is up from 61% from the previous reporting period. These figures give a general idea of the number of people that can be, although it does not present an entirely accurate picture for two reasons: Chart 3 Estimated Number of People Accessible According to UN Security Standards % Not Accessible Number of people % 13% Accessible 18% % 37% 63% 87% 0 Total North South West Darfur State 12

13 Although many NGOs tend to follow UN security standards, some NGOs will go to areas even if the United Nations considers them no go areas; Even if an area is considered safe according to UN security standards, humanitarian agencies still require Government travel permits to go there. These are often not granted or only granted after considerable delay. Thus the performance of UN and other humanitarian agencies cannot be judged solely by the extent to which the needs are met in so-called accessible areas. Access does not mean that humanitarian assistance is being delivered. People and remaining gaps 20. Chart 4 indicates the extent to which the needs of the conflict-affected population have been met so far in each sector. It also highlights the remaining gaps. The target population for most sectors is the total conflict affected population, including IDPs and host communities, while only IDPs are targeted for the provision of shelter material, sanitation and clean water. It is assumed that the host communities already have access to water and sanitation at a level that does not require additional emergency intervention. The target population for immunisation campaigns (EPI) are all children under five, estimated at 17% of the conflict-affected population. The increased number of IDPs identified is reflected in the percentages of gaps per sector. Chart 4 Estimated Sectoral Needs and Gaps in Greater Darfur Target Population % 93% 85% 96% 85% 89% 94% Gap Assisted % 98% 0 7% 15% 15% 4% Food Shelter Clean water Sanitation Primary Health Care Facilities Sector 11% Basic Drug Supplies 6% 2% Secondary Health Care Facilities EPI 21. The chart indicates that an estimated 61% of the conflict-affected population does not have access to food assistance (up from 41% in the previous report). There is a 93% gap (up 1%) in the provision of shelter material (and an 85% gap in the provision of clean water (an 11% increase). The sanitation gap is estimated at 96% (no change) - the lack of sanitation in the crowded IDP concentration areas is judged to be a major health hazard, especially given the upcoming rainy season and rise in 13

14 seasonal temperatures. The gap in access to primary health care facilities is estimated at 85% (up from 79%), while the gap in the provision of basic drug supplies is estimated at 89% (up 7%). This indicates that the main problem is the lack of facilities to distribute drugs rather than drug supplies, although major problems with the distribution of free drugs have been reported due to lack of capacity to monitor Government distributions to ensure that the drugs are indeed provided free of charge and to the intended recipients. There is a 94% (no change) in access to secondary health care. And lastly, is a 98% gap (no change) in the provision of basic vaccines to all children under five, a dangerous situation that may lead to a serious risk of epidemics. 22. Chart 5 (below) similarly provides an overview of gaps, but this time as a percentage of the population accessible according to UN security standards. The gaps (food 50%, shelter 92%, water 86%, sanitation 96%, primary health facilities 86%, basic drugs 88%, and secondary health facilities 93%) are similar to those on Chart 4, and a cause for concern. 23. It should in this connection be noted that limited amounts of assistance are being provided also in areas determined to be no-go areas according to UN security standards. Thus, about 39,000 people in so-called non-accessible areas were being with WFP food aid as of 1 April 2004 through implementing partners willing to take the additional risk, mainly in West Darfur. Approximately 108,000 people in inaccessible areas maintained access to health facilities, but none of these people had access to free drug supplies, according to the data collected in this Profile. Finally, 1,800 people were being with nutritional supplies in in-accessible areas as compared to 6,900 being in accessible areas. Chart 5 Estimated Sectoral Needs and Gaps in Areas Accessible by UN Target population % 50% 92% 8% 86% 14% 96% 4% 86% 14% Food Shelter Clean water Sanitation Primary Health Care Facilities Sector 88% 12% Basic Drug Supplies 93% 7% Secondary Health Care Facilities Gap Assisted 24. The maps on the following pages provide an overview of the presence of humanitarian agencies in each of the three Darfur States. Some NGOs provide only very limited humanitarian assistance since their focus is on development work and on other target populations than the conflict affected. This is true for DED, ITDG and to some extent Oxfam in North Darfur and for DED, Oxfam and SC-UK in South Darfur. Thus, the current presence is even smaller than the one indicated below, where UN agencies, international NGOs and national NGOs are displayed separately for each state. National NGO capacity is especially weak, while only a handful of international 14

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18 NGOs are providing assistance in each State (although new NGOs such as CARE, ACF, GAA, Concern, SC-US and IRC are in the process of setting up operations). Overall, the number of humanitarian actors is woefully inadequate to deal with the very large number of affected people in need of urgent humanitarian assistance. 25. Chart 6 below indicates that not only the number of agencies is limited, but also that the number of staff employed is extremely limited in comparison with the scale of the crisis. The total number of UN and INGO staff in Greater Darfur is 128 international to 972 national (programme and project staff only). This means that there is roughly only one international staff per 8,500 IDPs and one national staff per 1,500 IDPs, which is very low given that assistance is required in all sectors (the ratio becomes even more extreme when compared to the overall number of conflict affected people in Darfur). It is clear that more qualified and experienced emergency staff is urgently needed to be placed on the ground in Darfur. Chart 6 Total Number of Humanitarian Staff Working in Each Darfur State Number National International North South West 26. Chart 7 below provides a breakdown of UN and NGO staff working in each Darfur state. The chart again highlights the lack of overall capacity humanitarian agencies, especially that of national NGOs. Chart Number of UN and NGO Staff Working in each Darfur State International 200 National UN INGOs NGOs UN INGOs NGOs UN INGOs NGOs NORTH SOUTH WEST 15

19 List of acronyms ACF Action Contre La Faim (Action Against Hunger) AU Administrative Unit DED Deutscher Entwicklungs Dienst (German Development Agency) EPI Expanded Programme of Immunisation FAO United Nations Food and Agricultural Organisation FMoH Federal Ministry of Health GOS Government of Sudan IARA Islamic African Relief Agency ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross IDP Internally displaced person IRC International Rescue Committee ITDG Intermediate Technology Development Group KSCS Kebkabiya Smallholders Charity Society MA Medical Assistant MSF-F/H/B Medicins Sans Frontieres (Doctors Without Borders) France/Holland/Belgium MT Metric Ton NCA Norwegian Church Aid NFI Non-food item NRC Norwegian Refugee Council OCHA United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs PHC Public health care SC-UK/US Save the Children United Kingdom/United States SFC Supplementary Feeding Centre SMoH State Ministry of Health SRC Sudan Red Crescent Society SUDO Sudan Development Organisation TFC Therapeutic Feeding Centre UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNICEF United Nations Children s Fund UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNSECOORD Office of the UN Security Coordinator WES Government water and sanitation agency WFP United Nations World Food Programme WHO United Nations World Health Organisation 16

20 Humanitarian Needs and Gaps in Greater Darfur Region Table 1.1: Humanitarian Needs and Gaps State Total number IDPs Affected residents Accessibl e by UN, % people North Darfur 349, ,906 28, , , , , , , South Darfur 284, ,138 51, , , , , , West Darfur 455, ,329 23, , , , , , , TOTAL 1,090, , , , , , , , , Table 1.2: Humanitarian Needs and Gaps (continued) Conflict affected Total Gap, State number people % North Darfur 349,333 20, , , , , , South Darfur 284, , , , , , West Darfur 455,829 15, , , , , , , , TOTAL 1,090,009 35, , , , , , ,159 1,028, Table 1.3: Humanitarian Needs and Gaps (continued) Conflict affected State Conflict Affected People Total number Sanitation EPI Food Shelter Clean water Primary health care facilities Nutrition Basic drug supplies Agriculture Secondary health care Education people North Darfur 349,333 5, , , South Darfur 284,847 1, , , , West Darfur 455, , ,034 79, , , TOTAL 1,090,009 6, , , , , ,357 24, Gap, % Gap, % PLEASE NOTE: Final numbers DO NOT take into account El Mashtel camp (16,813 IDPs and conflict affected) in El Fasher, North Darfur.

21 Humanitarian Needs and Gaps in Areas Accessible to the UN Table 2.1: Darfur Humanitarian Needs and Gaps Conflict Affected People Food Shelter Clean water State Total number IDPs Affected residents % accessibl e by UN North Darfur 284, ,534 28, , , , , , , South Darfur 178, ,050 51, , , , , West Darfur 396, ,177 12, , , , , , , TOTAL 859, ,761 92, , , , , , , Table 2.2: Darfur Humanitarian Needs and Gaps (continued) Conflict affected State Total number North Darfur 284,961 20, , , , , , South Darfur 178, , , , , West Darfur 396,177 8, , , , , , , , TOTAL 859,897 28, , , , , , , , Table 2.3: Darfur Humanitarian Needs and Gaps (continued) Conflict affected State Total number Sanitation EPI Primary health care facilities Nutrition Basic drug supplies Agriculture Secondary health care Education North Darfur 284, South Darfur 178, West Darfur 396, TOTAL 859, PLEASE NOTE: Final numbers DO NOT take into account El Mashtel camp (16,813 IDPs and conflict affected) in El Fasher, North Darfur.

22 Number and locations of conflict affected people (IDPs and host communities) Table 3.1: North Darfur Table 3.2: South Darfur Table 3.3: West Darfur Conflict Affected People Conflict Affected People Conflict Affected People Locality Kebkabiya Kutum El Fasher Admininistrative Unit/Location Total number IDPs Affected residents % access by UN Locality Admininistrative Unit/Location Total number IDPs Affected residents % access by UN Locality Admininistrative Unit/Location Total number IDPs El Fasher town 32,091 29,154 2, Kalma Camp 17,250 17, Geneina Town 8,831 8, Korma AU 31,115 31, Al Malam 12,083 12, Ardamata camp 23,652 23, Tawilla AU 20,015 20, Ta'asha Area 10,464 10, Sisi Camp 4,104 4, Kutum town 87,706 78,706 9, East Jebel Marra 13,680 13, Sandada Village 3,383 1,383 2,000 - Kutum rural 8,711 8, Yara 8,907 8, Geneina AU, rest 37,000 37, Fata Borno AU 3,392 3, Nyala Town* 14,865 14, Masteri AU 18,000 18, Tina AU 17,000 17, Bielel camp* 3,923 3, Mornei AU 64,617 59,617 5, Abu Ajura (Dinka Kornoi AU 7,500 7, IDPs)* 5,398 5, Kernik AU 20,932 20, Umm Baru AU 13,000 13, Kass Town 75,100 36,100 39, Kulbus AU 6,000 6, Kabkabiya town 61,848 61, Shataya Sirba AU 5,851 5, Jebel Si AU Jemeza Komera 3,637 3, Seleia AU 7,619 7, Birkat Seira Town 9,000 6,000 3, Hashaba Kandabei AU 5,270 5, Nyala Geneina* Kulbus Affected residents % access by UN Saraf Omra Town 25,689 12,199 13, Korele 2,336 2, Habilla AU 8,759 8, Mellit Mellit Locality 26,470 26, Dibis Beida AU, except: 12,000 2,500 9,500 - El Waha, a.k.a. Waha "Damra"** 5,696 5, Nyamma 1,417 1, Arara VC 4,250 4, TOTAL 349, ,906 28,427 8 Thur 6,489 6, Congo Harazza VC 6,060 6, TOTAL ACCESSIBLE 284, ,534 28, Singita 1,134 1, Forabaranga 7,200 7, PLEASE NOTE: Total numbers DO NOT take into account El Mashtel camp (16,813 IDPs and conflict affected) in El Fasher, North Darfur. Kass Limo Zallingi 38,552 38, Kirew Zallingi Azom Guba 1,312 1, Rokero 12,472 12, Mersheng Area 26,146 13,437 12, Jebel Nertiti 11,800 11, Shareia Town* 5,000 5, Marrah Gulu 9,938 9, Shareia Yassin, Muhajria, Neteiga* 15,923 15, Mukjar Mukjar 18,318 18, Ed Daein 15,358 15, Artala 38,000 38, Khor Omer 10,733 10, Um Dukum 9,150 9, Ed Daein El Ferdous (Dinka IDPs) 6,800 6, Garseila 18,425 18, Adilla (Dinka IDPs)* 5,415 5, Bindisi 18,989 18, Kubum 2,001 2, Deleij 23,345 16,345 7,000 - Edd Al Fursan Um Labassa* 15,500 15, Um Kher 13,312 13, Buram (Dinka Buram IDPs)* 2,024 2, TOTAL 455, ,329 23,500 5 TOTAL ACCESSI TOTAL 284, ,138 51, BLE 396, ,177 12, TOTAL ACCESSIBL E 178, ,050 51, * Ardamata camp, 3 km North of Geneina town, is listed separately in the table Habilla Wadi saleh

23 Principles and assumptions The following tables and location-specific matrixes are based on the following principles and assumptions: Table 4.1 Principles and assumptions Category Principles/assumptions Total number Defined as the number of IDPs and affected residents (see below). In general, only the most recent verified population figures based on credible sources of conflict are used. If not available, or no longer relevant, an OCHA estimate based on various less reliable sources may be used. All sources are indicated in the affected people upper-right corner of the location-specific matrixes IDPs (Internally Displaced ) Affected residents % accessible by UN Total and total accessible Agency/partner people Gap % Target population Planned/ pipeline Comments Action points Defined as "persons or groups of persons who have been forced or obliged to flee or leave their homes or places of habitual residence, in particular as a result of or in order to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights or natural or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an internationally recognized border" (Source: UN's Guiding Principles ) More loosely defined as habitual residents or returnees, not including IDPs, seriously affected by the recent conflict and as a result in need of humanitarian assistance. Percentage of the total number of conflict affected people in each location accessible according to UN security standards and to where travel permits are being provided by the Government as of the date of this document "TOTAL" indicates the total figures for the State as a whole; "TOTAL ACCESSIBLE" indicates the total figures for the accessible areas of the State only Humanitarian agencies and implementing partners, including Government agencies, involved in the delivery of humanitarian assistance. Agencies not yet This is a shap-shot estimate of the number of people as of the date indicated on the front page of this document. It is based on the sectorspecific assumptions listed below. Target population minus persons Gap as a percentage of the target population The population targeted for humanitarian assistance. The figure varies according to the sectors of intervention (total conflict affected population for food, number of IDPs for shelter, etc.) Supplies not yet distributed to the target population but on their way Details underlying the "persons " figure, e.g. last food ration delivered on what date, who delivered what and how much, etc. Action needed to improve the coverage of the target population

24 Table 4.2 Sector-specific assumptions Target Sectors population Assumptions Food Total conflict affected population To feed 10,000 people for three months you need to provide about MT assorted food (of which about 405 MT cereals). Assorted food package includes cereal, pulses, oil, CSB, and salt. Shelter/NFIs IDPs " " is here defined as the number of people whose household (assumed to be 6 people) is provided with a minimum of one plastic sheet AND two blankets (e.g. if 1,000 plastic sheets and 1,000 blankets are provided, only 500 households = 3,000 people are considered "").* Details on distribution, also of other NFI items, will be provided under "comments" in the location-specific matrix. Whether or not IDPs are living in camps will also be included here. Clean water " " One handpump serves 500 people (although 250 people is the ideal according to Sphere standards) Sanitation " " One pit latrine serves 20 people (although 10 people is the ideal according to Sphere standards) Nutrition Malnourished children under five is defined as number of children under five receiving either therapeutic or supplementary feeding Primary health facilities Total conflict affected population is defined as number of people with access to primary health facilities based on the rule that there should be at least 1 doctor or medical assistant per 10,000 people (thus if only one medical assistant is available for 20,000 people, half the population will be considered ) One UNICEF kit covers 5,000 people for two months, while one WHO kit covers 10,000 people for three months. If adequate medical personnel is available to distribute drugs to the entire population (and if drugs are distributed free of charge), then either all or none of the target population will be considered to be based on when the drugs were delivered and when they will run out. (E.g., if there are 20,000 affected people, one kit will last only for two weeks - if more than two weeks have passed since distribution, then no persons will be considered as ). Basic drug supplies " " Secondary health care " " Target population is considered covered if free secondary health care is available within a 50 km radius. EPI Agriculture Education Children under five Affected people with access to land Number of school-age children Total conflict affected population The number of children under five is estimated at 17% of the target population (the number is automatically calculated from the total number of affected people, unless it is in italics). Only if vaccines against measles and DPT3 (vaccine against the most common childhood diseases) have been provided is the target population considered to be covered. Information on disase surveillance training will be listed under "comments" Coverage is defined as proportion of target population provided with seeds and tools Coverage is defined as proportion of target population with access to free schooling Narrative comments will be provided on current activities and plans since quantification is difficult. This column is therefore not included in the quantitative overview of needs and gaps. Protection Camp management IDPs " " *Note: Standard ICRC non-food item (NFI) kit covering one household includes tarpaulin plastic sheeting 6x4m for shelter, 2 blankets, 600g soap, 2 pairs of kangas for clothing. Other kits are more comprehensive including cooking utensils, jerry cans, etc.