House of Commons International Development Committee 9 February International Response to the Crisis in Darfur

Transcription

1 House of Commons International Development Committee 9 February 25 International Response to the Crisis in Darfur 1

2 Darfur Timeline 23 9 December - SG issues first statement on Darfur, expresses alarm over human rights violations and the lack of humanitarian access 7 November - OCHA warns Darfur is facing its worst humanitarian crisis since 1988 and that access for humanitarian workers is non-existent in some areas 5 December - ERC says Darfur "has quickly become one of the worst humanitarian crises in the world." Mid-September - SG's Special Humanitarian Envoy, Vraalsen, visits Darfur 1/2 1/3 1/4 1/5 1/6 1/7 1/8 1/9 1/1 1/11 1/12 1 January, December, 23 March - Fighting breaks out in the Darfur region between Government forces and the Sudan Liberation Army (SLA) and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM). 4 September - SLA and the GoS reach a first ceasefire agreement September - Refugee numbers in Chad reach 65,. At least 5, people in Darfur need humanitarian aid. 17 September - Greater Darfur Initiative announced, appealing for $23 million 7 October - UNHCR launches appeal for $16.6 million for Sudanese refugees in Chad 2

3 Darfur Timeline January-June 24 7 April - Marking 1th anniversary of the Rwandan genocide, the SG says reports from Sudan fill him with foreboding that a similar tragedy could happen in Darfur 13 May - SG writes to President Al Bashir, urging him to disarm the Janjaweed militias, maintain the ceasefire, improve access and negotiate a settlement 18 February -ERC announces deployment of UN Disaster and Assessment Coordination Team (UNDAC) team to Darfur 2 April - First briefing to the UN SC by ERC who says a coordinated, scorched-earth campaign of ethnic cleansing is taking place. 7 May - Mr. Morris (WFP) and Mr. Ramcharan (OHCHR) brief SC after mission to Darfur. Early January - SG's Special Humanitarian Envoy, Vraalsen, visits Chad 19 March - UN HC for Sudan compares Darfur to Rwandan genocide. 1 June - 2 relief workers deployed, including 32 internationals 1/2 1/3 1/4 1/5 1/6 1 January, 24 3 June, 24 8 April - Ceasefire agreement signed in N'Djamena Late May - GoS lifts remaining access restrictions following intense UN advocacy efforts; number of IDPs estimated to be above 1 million. 9 April - Revised appeal released requesting over US$ 115 million. 3 June - At a high-level donor alert meeting in Geneva, UN agencies appeal for outstanding requirements of $236 million. 3

4 Darfur Timeline July-December 24 3 June-3 July - SG visits Darfur; signing of Joint Communiqué with moratorium on all access restrictions and a range of GoS commitments regarding disarmament, impunity and other issues; Joint Implementation Mechanism (JIM) is established. 29 July - SC Resolution 1556 adopted, demanding disarmament of Janjaweed and bringing to justice of their leaders, creating 3-day reporting mechanism. 18 Sept - SC adopts resolution 1564, requesting establishment of Commission of Inquiry and considering additional measures November - SC meets in Nairobi; adopting resolution 1574; GoS and SPLM pledge to sign peace agreement before the end of the year 1 August - SRSG Pronk and DSRSG/HC Aranda da Silva deploy to Khartoum. 3 November - 25 Work Plan for the Sudan launched in Geneva 1/8 1/9 1/1 1/11 1/12 1 July, December, 24 Mid-July - First meeting of the Joint Implementation Mechanism, followed by the first joint assessment mission. 9 Nov - GoS and SLA/JEM sign security and humanitarian protocols in Abuja Abuja talks and Government "road-clearing" operations October - Number of IDPs estimated at 1.6 million. 2 Oct - AU decides to expand mission mandate Mid-November - Continuing deterioration of security conditions. 4

5 Facts and Figures of the Humanitarian Response Chart I: Number of IDPs 1,, 9, Number of IDPs 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, Sept'3 Oct'3 Nov'3 Dec'3 SC res First SC resolution (1556) adopted Ceasefire signed Ceasefire signed Jan'4 North Darfur South Darfur West Darfur Feb'4 Mar'4 Apr'4 May'4 June'4 July '4 Aug '4 Sept '4 Oct'4 Nov '4 Dec '4 Jan '5 71,84 West 71,872 South 431,135 North 5

6 Chart II: UN Humanitarian Access to Darfur (Sept 23 to Jan 25) 2,5, 2,44,47 2,, 88% Conflict Affected Population 1,5, 1,, Advocacy efforts lead to progressive lifting of restrictions 61% 77% 9% 9% 83% 88% 87% 79% 84% 5, 46% 13% % SEPT'3 NOV'3 JAN'4 APR'4 MAY'4 JUNE'4 JULY'4 AUG'4 SEPT'4 OCT'4 NOV'O4 DEC'4 JAN '5 Conflict Affected Population Accessible by UN 6

7 Chart III: Total No. of Humanitarian Staff in Darfur (National and International) (April 24 January 25) 1 9 9,18Total Number of Staff Lifting of access restrictions Lifting of access restrictions 8,294 National International April International National Total May June July August September Month October November December January 7

8 Chart IV: Estimated Sectoral Needs and Gaps in Darfur (January 25) % 38% 37% 51% 27% 44% 62% 73% 56% 49% 62% 63% 46% 96% 68% 63% 75% 54% 37% 25% 32% 7% 8 Target Population Food Shelter Clean water Sanitation Primary Health Care Facilities Basic Drug Supplies Secondary Health Care Facilities EPI Nutrition Agriculture Education Gap Assisted

9 Chart V: Food Coverage as % of Conflict Affected Population Food Coverage Sept'3 to Jan '5 2,5, 2,44,47 2,, Target Population 1,5, 1,, 5, % 17% 7% 39% 39% 51% 52% 62% 51% 7% 57% 61% 62% SEPT'3 NOV'3 JAN'4 APR'4 MAY'4 JUNE'4 JULY'4 AUG'4 SEPT'4 OCT'4 NOV'O4 DEC'4 JAN '5 Conflic Affected Population Assisted Population 9

10 Chart VI: Sanitation Coverage as % of Conflict Affected Population Sanitation Coverage Sept '3 to Jan '5 Target Population 2,, 1,8, 1,6, 1,4, 1,2, 1,, 8, 6, 4, 2, SEPT'3 1,843,91 56% 52% 52% 42% 4% 18% 13% % 1% 3% 2% 4% 7% NOV'3 JAN'4 APR'4 MAY'4 JUNE'4 JULY'4 AUG'4 SEPT'4 OCT'4 NOV'O4 DEC'4 JAN '5 IDP s Assisted Population 1