SCIENCE, INNOVATIONS AND TECHNOLOGIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

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2 SCIENCE, INNOVATIONS AND TECHNOLOGIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS State Committee on Science and Technology of the Republic of Belarus Short Statistical Book 2009

3 УДК 001 (476) Prepared by: D. Aliokhin, I. Khartonik Edited by: I. Voitau Н 34 Science, innovations and technologies in the Republic of Belarus, 2009: St. book / Prep. by D. Aliokhin et al. Minsk: SI BelISA, pgs. ISBN The Short Statistical Book has been prepared at the request of the State Committee on Science and Technology of the Republic of Belarus and contains statistical data on the condition and development of scientific capacity and innovation activity in the country, which are based on the up-to-date methods used in the production of science and innovation statistics and comply with international statistical standards. The Book is intended for scientists, teaching staff in higher education institutions, engineers, statisticians, businessmen, and diplomatic personnel. УДК 001 (476) ISBN State Committee on Science and Technology of the Republic of Belarus, 2010 Composite authors of the SI BelISA, 2010

4 CONTENTS Gross domestic product...6 Sector-focused structure of Gross Domestic Product...7 POPULATION SIZE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS...8 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATIONS 1.1. ORGANIZATIONS ENGAGED IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, BY SECTOR OF PERFORMANCE ORGANIZATIONS ENGAGED IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, BY OWNERSHIP TYPE Distribution OF ORGANIZATIONS ENGAGED IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, by regions and Minsk City...11 PERSONNEL TRAINING 2.1. State institutions providing higher education, by types ownership PRIVATE institutions providing higher education, by types ownership Institutions providing higher education, by regions and Minsk City NUMBER OF STUDENTS AND GRADUATES FROM HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS PER POPULATION NUMBER OF TEACHING STAFF IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS MAIN INDICATORS OF POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION ENROLMENT, GRADUATES AND POSTGRADUATEs FOR WOMEN INDICATORS OF DOCTORATE EDUCATION CANDIDATE S AND DOCTOR S DEGREES CONFERRED BY THE SUPREME CERTIFYING COMMISSION (SCC) OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS, BY YEAR AND FIELD OF SCIENCE...22 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PERSONNEL 3.1. SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PERSONNEL, BY CATEGORY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PERSONNEL, BY SECTOR OF PERFORMANCE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PERSONNEL,BY CATEGORY AND EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT...26

5 3.4. Number of RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PERSONNEL, by regions and Minsk City CHANGES IN THE NUMBER OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PERSONNEL DOCTORS AND CANDIDATES OF SCIENCE ENGAGED IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT RESEARCHERS, BY SEX AND FIELD OF SCIENCE RESEARCHERS, BY SEX AND SECTOR OF PERFORMANCE...31 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE 4.1. EXPENDITURE ON SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, BY TYPE OF EXPENDITURE: Domestic expenditure on research and development DOMESTIC EXPENDITURE ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, BY SECTOR OF PERFORMANCE Current domestic expenditure on RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, by RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT activities STRUCTURE OF CURRENT DOMESTIC EXPENDITURE ON SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, BY TYPE OF ACTIVITY SHARE OF REPUBLICAN BUDGET APPROPRIATIONS FOR SCIENCE IN GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT SHARE OF REPUBLICAN BUDGET APPROPRIATIONS FOR SCIENCE IN BUDGET EXPENDITURE...39 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT effectiveness 5.1. INVENTIONS: Filing Applications for Granting Patents of the Republic of Belarus and Results of Examining Activities INVENTIONS: Registering Patents of the Republic of Belarus, by years UTILITY MODELS: Filing the Applications, by Years UTILITY MODELS: Registered the Patents, by Years INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS: Filing Applications, by Years INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS: Registered the Patents, by Years TOPOGRAPHIES OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS: Filing Applications and Registrations in the Republic of Belarus...45

6 5.8. TRADEMARKS AND SERVICE MARKS: Filing Applications for Registration in the Republic of Belarus, by Years TRADEMARKS AND SERVICE MARKS Registration, by Years APPELLATIONS OF ORIGIN: Filing Applications and Registrations in the Republic of Belarus...46 technological innovations 6.1. Number of innovative active enterprises: Distribution of innovation-active enterprises, by region and Minsk City: Distribution of innovative active enterprises, by type of innovative activity Innovative activities of enterprises, by kind of economic activity in Structure of EXPENDITURE on technological innovations, by type of innovation Spending on teсhnolоgical innovations of enterprises which principal view of economic activities is manufacture of an industrial output: Spending on teсhnolоgical innovation of enterprises which principal view of economic activities is manufacture of an industrial output: Volume of innovative product shipments of organizations, by kind of economic activity in International comparisons 7.1. Scientific staff and value of scientific research and development In the Commonwealth of independent states* Government budget appropriations or outlayson research and development in Belarus and other COUNTRIES: 2007* Gross domestic expenditure on research and development in Belarus and other COUNTRIES Gross domestic expenditure on research and development DYNAMICSin Belarus and other COUNTRIES Gross domestic expenditure on research and development in Belarus and EUROPEAN COUNTRIES: Proportion of research and development personnel, by sector:

7 Gross domestic product Gross domestic product (at current prices), milliard rubles Percent of the previous year Gross Domestic Product per capita, ths rubles

8 Sector-focused structure of Gross Domestic Product C 6.4 % B 11.6 % А 26.5 % Н 21.9 % А 25.3 % D 11.1 % E 9.5 % F 0.6 % G 14.5 % Н 19.8 % G 14.1 % F 0.6 % E 10.7 % A Industry B Agriculture C Construction D Transport and communications E Trade and catering F Science and science services G Net taxes on products H Other branches D 8.9 % C 10.7 % В 7.8 %

9 POPULATION SIZE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS Brest region Vitebsk region Gomel region Grodno region Minsk region Mogilev region Minsk City

10 1 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATIONS

11 1.1. ORGANIZATIONS ENGAGED IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, BY SECTOR OF PERFORMANCE Number of organizations * Total ** of which government sector business enterprise sector higher education sector * Hereinafter, including small business entities. ** Including non-profit institution sector ORGANIZATIONS ENGAGED IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, BY OWNERSHIP TYPE * Total of which government ownership private ownership foreign ownership...**...**...**...** 2 * Including small business entities and allocation of the foreign ownership. ** Data is not available. 10

12 1.3. Distribution OF ORGANIZATIONS ENGAGED IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, by regions and Minsk City B 8.5 % A 5.4 % C 9.5 % D 5.1 % E 61.3 % E 67.7 % F 4.9 % G 4.3 % A 5.8 % B 6.3 % C 7.2 % D 3.8 % G 5.1 % F 5.1 % A Brest region B Vitebsk region C Gomel region D Grodno region E Minsk City F Minsk region G Mogilev region 11

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14 PERSONNEL TRAINING 2

15 2.1. State institutions providing higher education, by types ownership (beginning of academic year) Number of institutions Number of students there in, ths Of which at departments day-time evening correspondence 2003/ / / / / / /

16 2.2. PRIVATE institutions providing higher education, by types ownership (beginning of academic year) Number of institutions Number of students there in, ths Of which at departments day-time evening correspondence 2003/ / / / / / /

17 2.3. Institutions providing higher education, by regions and Minsk City Number of institutions Total number of students therein, ths 2009/ / / / / /10 Republic of Belarus: regions Brest Vitebsk Gomel Grodno Minsk City Minsk Mogilev

18 2.4. NUMBER OF STUDENTS AND GRADUATES FROM HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS PER POPULATION Persons Years Students Graduates

19 2.5. NUMBER OF TEACHING STAFF IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS (persons) Number of teaching staff in higher education institutions (excluding multiple jobholders) with academic status of academicians, corresponding members professors assistant professors senior research officers with academic degree of doctors of science candidates of science out of teaching and research staff women

20 2.6. MAIN INDICATORS OF POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION Number of postgraduate education institutions Number of postgraduates, persons Postgraduate entrants, persons Postgraduate, persons

21 2.7. ENROLMENT, GRADUATES AND POSTGRADUATEs FOR WOMEN Persons Years Number of women postgraduates Women graduates from postgraduate education 20

22 2.8. INDICATORS OF DOCTORATE EDUCATION Persons Years Total organisations providing doctorate education Doctorate enrolment Doctorate entrants Doctorate graduates 21

23 2.9. CANDIDATE S AND DOCTOR S DEGREES CONFERRED BY THE SUPREME CERTIFYING COMMISSION (SCC) OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS, BY YEAR AND FIELD OF SCIENCE 22 Candidate s degree Doctor s degree Total of which physics and mathematics chemistry biology geology and mineralogy engineering agriculture history economics philosophy philology geography law teacher training medicine pharmacology veterinary art-criticism architecture psychology sociology politics culturology other

24 3 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PERSONNEL

25 3.1. SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PERSONNEL, BY CATEGORY (persons) Scientific research and development personnel Of them researchers technicians supporting staff other

26 3.2. SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PERSONNEL, BY SECTOR OF PERFORMANCE (persons) Number of scientific research and development personnel higher Of which with educational attainment of them with academic degree doctor of science candidate of science secondary specialized Total * of them government sector business enterprise sector higher education sector non-profit institutions sector...** ** ** ** ** 323 * For 2009 including non-profit institution sector. ** Data is not available. 25

27 3.3. SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PERSONNEL, BY CATEGORY AND EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT (persons) Number of scientific research and development personnel of them Total higher Of which with educational attainment of them with academic degree doctor of science candidate of science secondary specialized researchers technicians supporting staff

28 3.4. Number of RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PERSONNEL, by regions and Minsk City (persons) Republic of Belarus regions Brest Vitebsk Gomel Grodno Minsk City Minsk Mogilev

29 3.5. CHANGES IN THE NUMBER OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PERSONNEL Ths persons Years Number of scientific research and development personnel Number of researchers 28

30 1000 Persons DOCTORS AND CANDIDATES OF SCIENCE ENGAGED IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Doctors of science Years Candidates of science Persons Years 29

31 3.7. RESEARCHERS, BY SEX AND FIELD OF SCIENCE (persons) Number of researchers total of them women doctors of science total of them women Of them candidates of science total of them women Total of which natural sciences engineering and technology medical sciences agricultural sciences social sciences humanities

32 3.8. RESEARCHERS, BY SEX AND SECTOR OF PERFORMANCE (persons) Number of researchers total of them women Of them with educational attainment higher of them with academic degree doctor of science candidate of science Total of which government sector business enterprise sector higher education sector non-profit institutions sector...* * * * * 768 * Data is not available. 31

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34 4 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE

35 4.1. EXPENDITURE ON SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, BY TYPE OF EXPENDITURE: 2009 Total expenditure Domestic expenditure 84.1 % 15.9 % 95.0 % 5.0 % External expenditure Domestic expenditure Capital expenditure Current expenditure Current domestic expenditure 48.2 % 15.5 % 18.8 % 16.0 % 1.5 % Labor remuneration Social security contributions Purchase of eguipment Tangible costs Other capital costs 34

36 4.2. Domestic expenditure on research and development Domestic expenditure on research and development, milliard rubles: at current prices * at constant prices of percent of gross domestic product * Growth of expenditure resulted from the capitalization of research and development results. 35

37 4.3. DOMESTIC EXPENDITURE ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, BY SECTOR OF PERFORMANCE Per cent * Years Government sector Business enterprise sector Higher education sector Non-profit institutions sector *Including non-profit institutions sector. 36

38 4.4. Current domestic expenditure on RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, by RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT activities (current prices, milliard rubles) Years Current domestic expenditure, total Of which by type of research and development activity basic research applied research experimental developments

39 4.5. STRUCTURE OF CURRENT DOMESTIC EXPENDITURE ON SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, BY TYPE OF ACTIVITY 100 Per cent Years Basic research Applied research Experimental developments 38

40 4.6. SHARE OF REPUBLICAN BUDGET APPROPRIATIONS FOR SCIENCE IN GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT Per cent 0,6 0,5 0,4 0, Years 4.7. SHARE OF REPUBLICAN BUDGET APPROPRIATIONS FOR SCIENCE IN BUDGET EXPENDITURE* Per cent Years *The indicator is calculated in accordance with the Budget Laws of corresponding financial years. 39

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42 5 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT effectiveness

43 5.1. INVENTIONS: Filing Applications for Granting Patents of the Republic of Belarus and Results of Examining Activities Indices Applications filed, total of which by national applicants by foreign applicants including PCT applications entering the national phase Completed preliminary examinations, total Submitted requests for substantive examination Completed substantive examinations Decisions to grant patents, total including to national applicants to foreign applicants Decisions to refuse patents, total including to national applicants to foreign applicants

44 5.2. INVENTIONS: Registering Patents of the Republic of Belarus, by years Indices Registered patents, total of which to national applicants to foreign applicants UTILITY MODELS: Filing the Applications, by Years Indices Filed applications, total of which by national applicants by foreign applicants UTILITY MODELS: Registered the Patents, by Years Indices Registered patents, total of which to national applicants to foreign applicants

45 5.5. INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS: Filing Applications, by Years Indices Filed applications, total of which by national applicants by foreign applicants INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS: Registered the Patents, by Years Indices Registered industrial designs, total of which to national applicants to foreign applicants

46 5.7. TOPOGRAPHIES OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS: Filing Applications and Registrations in the Republic of Belarus Indices Applications for registration of the topography Number of registered topographies of integrated circuits TRADEMARKS AND SERVICE MARKS: Filing Applications for Registration in the Republic of Belarus, by Years Indices Total number of applications for trademark registration filed under the national procedure of which by national applicants by foreign applicants under the Madrid Agreement Total number of applications filed by national applicants under the Madrid Agreement

47 5.9. TRADEMARKS AND SERVICE MARKS Registration, by Years Indices Total number of registered trademarks under the national procedure of which to national applicants to foreign applicants under the Madrid Agreement Total number of trademark registrations ceased to be valid of which under the national procedure under the Madrid Agreement Total number of valid registrations by the end of the year under the national procedure under the Madrid Agreement APPELLATIONS OF ORIGIN: Filing Applications and Registrations in the Republic of Belarus Indices Filed applications for registration and granting of the right to use 1 1 Registered appellations of origin 1 46

48 6 technological innovations

49 6.1. Number of innovative active enterprises: 2009 In total enterprises Total 317 of which Number of innovative active enterprises, the main economic activity is the production of industrial products, units Number of innovative active enterprises, the main economic activity is the communication and activities related to computer technology, units Distribution of innovation-active enterprises, by region and Minsk City: % 30.6 % 12.3 % 8.8 % 16.1 % 16.4 % 5.7 % Brest region Vitebsk region Gomel region Grodno region Minsk City Minsk region Mogilev region 48

50 6.3. Distribution of innovative active enterprises, by type of innovative activity Total of which carrying out research and development of new products, services and methods of their production/transfer, new production processes purchase of machinery and equipment associated with technological innovation acquisition of new technology of which rights to inventions, utility models and industrial designs; rights of utilization of inventions, utility models and industrial designs purchase of computer software industrial engineering; other preproduction activities to introduce new products, services, or methods of their production/transfer innovation-related education and training of personnel marketing research other expenditures on technological innovations

51 6.4. Innovative activities of enterprises, by kind of economic activity in 2009 Number of enterprises carrying out technological innovations, entities Share of enterprises carrying out technological innovations in total number of industrial enterprises, percent Total of which mining mining and extraction of fuel and energy minerals mining and extraction of minerals, other than fuel and energy minerals manufacturing manufacture of food, including beverages, and tobacco manufacture of textiles and apparel manufacture of leather, articles of leather and footwear manufacture of wood and products of wood manufacture of pulp and paper; printing activities manufacture of coke, petroleum products and nuclear materials manufacture of chemicals and chemicals products manufacture of rubber and plastic products manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products manufacture of basic metals and fabricated metal products manufacture of machinery and equipment manufacture of electrical, electronic and optical equipment manufacture of transport vehicles and equipment other industries production and distribution of electricity, gas and water

52 6.5. Structure of EXPENDITURE on technological innovations, by type of innovation % 61.8 % 52.6 % 36.2 % 47.4 % 63.8 % Product innovation Process innovation 51

53 6.6. Spending on teсhnolоgical innovations of enterprises which principal view of economic activities is manufacture of an industrial output: 2009 (million rubles) Spending on technological innovations, rubles Total of which research and development of new products, services and methods of their production/transfer, new production processes purchase of machinery and equipment associated with technological innovation acquisition of new technology of which rights to inventions, utility models and industrial designs; rights to utilization of inventions, utility models and industrial designs 2106 purchase of computer software 8269 industrial engineering; other preproduction activities to introduce new products, services, or methods of their production/transfer innovation-related education and training of personnel 2785 marketing research 9605 other kids of expenditure on technological innovations

54 6.7. Spending on teсhnolоgical innovation of enterprises which principal view of economic activities is manufacture of an industrial output: 2009 (per cent of total) Other expenditures on technological innovations 10.8 Marketing research 0.4 Innovation-related education and training of personnel Industrial engineering; other preproduction activities to introduce new products, services, or methods of their production/transfer Purchase of computer software Acquisition of new technology 1.3 Purchase of machinery and equipment associated wich technological innovation Research and development of new products,services and methods if their production/transfer/new production processes

55 6.8. Volume of innovative product shipments of organizations, by kind of economic activity in 2009 Innovative product shipments, mln. rubles As percentage of total shipments Total of which mining mining and extraction of fuel and energy minerals mining and extraction of minerals, other than fuel and energy minerals manufacturing manufacture of food, including beverages, and tobacco manufacture of textiles and apparel manufacture of leather, articles of leather and footwear manufacture of wood and products of wood manufacture of pulp and paper; printing activities manufacture of coke, petroleum products and nuclear materials manufacture of chemicals and chemicals products manufacture of rubber and plastic products manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products

56 manufacture of basic metals and fabricated metal products manufacture of machinery and equipment manufacture of electrical, electronic and optical equipment manufacture of transport vehicles and equipment other industries production and distribution of electricity, gas and water 55

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58 7 International comparisons

59 Azerbaijan 7.1. Scientific staff and value of scientific research and development In the Commonwealth of independent states* Personnel engaged in R&D activities of the end of the year, ths, persons Of which number of researchers and technicians, of the end of the year, ths, persons Having scientific degree, persons doctor s degree candidate s degree Value of carried out research and development, as percentage of gross domestic product Armenia Belarus Georgia Kazakhstan

60 Kyrgyzstan Moldova Russia Tajikistan Turkmenistan *** Uzbekistan ,6** 27.8** 2269** 8578**...*** Ukraine * Source: Interstate Statistical Committee of the Commonwealth of independent states. ** Including scientific-pedagogical workers of higher education establishments. *** Data is not available. 59

61 7.2. Government budget appropriations or outlays on research and development in Belarus and other COUNTRIES: 2007* (per cent of gross domestic product) 1.2 1, , , , , Spain United States Finland Iceland Sweden Denmark Portugal Germany France United Kingdom European Union (27) Norway Netherlands Japan Austria Switzerland Slovenia Czech republic Italy Belgium Ireland Estonia Cyprus Luxembourg Hungary Romania Russian Federation Republic of Belarus Latvia Lithuania Poland Greece Bulgaria Slovakia Malta * Source: here and below Eurostat. 60

62 7.3. Gross domestic expenditure on research and development in Belarus and other COUNTRIES (per cent of gross domestic product) European Union (27) Euro area Belgium Bulgaria Czech Republic Denmark Germany Estonia Ireland Greece Spain France Italy * Cyprus Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Hungary

63 Malta Netherlands Austria Poland Portugal Romania Slovenia Slovakia Finland Sweden United Kingdom Croatia Turkey Iceland 2.82 : Norway Switzerland * 2.90 * * * Japan * United States Republic of Belarus * Data is not available. 62

64 7.4. Gross domestic expenditure on research and development DYNAMICS in Belarus and other COUNTRIES (per cent of gross domestic product) Per cent Years European Union (27) Japan United States Republic of Belarus 63

65 7.5. Gross domestic expenditure on research and development in Belarus and EUROPEAN COUNTRIES: 2007 (per cent of gross domestic product) Per cent 1. Sweden 14. Spain 2. Finland 15. Portugal 3. Austria 16. Estonia 4. Denmark 17. Hungary 5. Germany 18. Republic of Belarus* 6. France 19. Lithuania 7. Belgium 20. Latvia 8. United Kingdom 21. Malta 9. Nehterlands 22. Greece 10. Luxembourg 23. Poland 11. Czech Republic 24. Romania 12. Slovenia 25. Bulgaria 13. Ireland 26. Slovakia 27. Cyprus * Growth of expenditure resulted from the capitalization of research and development results (in 2008 this figure is equal to 0.75 in ). 64

66 7.6. Proportion of research and development personnel, by sector: 2007 (per cent of economically active population) Government sector Business enterprise sector Higher education sector Private non-profit sector European Union Finland Luxembourg * Sweden Denmark Austria Belgium Germany * France Ireland * Spain Czech Republic Estonia Netherlands * Slovenia Greece * Italy

67 Hungary * Lithuania * Malta Latvia Slovakia Portugal Poland Cyprus United Kingdom * 0.02 Bulgaria Romania Iceland Norway * Japan Croatia Turkey * Republic of Belarus * * Data is not available. 66

68 Governement sector Higher education sector Business enterprise sector Private non-profit sector European Union (27) Finland Luxembourg Sweden Denmark Austria Belgium Germany France Ireland Spain Czech Republic Estonia Netherlands Slovenia Greece Italy Hungary Lithuania Malta Latvia Slovakia Portugal Republic of Belarus Cyprus United Kingdom Bulgaria Romania Iceland Norway Japan Croatia Turkey 67

69 Scientific publication Science, Innovations and Technologies in the Republic of Belarus, 2009 Short Statistical Book Scientific editor: I. Khartonik Editor: E. Zenevich, E. Sudilovskaya Computer layout: O. Senkevich State Committee on Science and Technology of the Republic of Belarus 1, Academicheskaya St., , Minsk Phone/fax: ( ) State Institution Belarusian Institute of System Analysis and Information Support to Scientific and Technical Sphere (SI BelISA ) 7, Pobediteli Ave., , Minsk Phone/fax: ( ) License ЛВ 02330/ of 22/04/2009 Подписано в печать Формат 60 84/16. Гарнитура Arial. Усл. печ. л. 3,95. Тираж 115 экз. Заказ 112. Отпечатано в отделе информационных продуктов и услуг ГУ «Белорусский институт системного анализа и информационного обеспечения научно-технической сферы»