Pakistan: Political and Foreign Relations Outlook
|
|
- Vivien Tyler
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 12 28 February 2017 Pakistan: Political and Foreign Relations Outlook Lindsay Hughes Research Analyst Indian Ocean Research Programme Key Points Pakistani politics have been influenced by the country s government, its military and the judiciary. The concern paid to distinguishing itself from India has had major repercussions on the country s domestic and foreign policies. Whereas Pakistan was once perceived by the United States, for example, as a relatively friendly country, it is now seen as growing ever closer to China. Australia has a strong interest in maintaining a good relationship with Pakistan but that relationship is overshadowed by Canberra s growing commercial and geo-strategic links with India. Summary Pakistan, the land of the Pure, was carved out of British colonial India and became an independent state on 14 August 1947, a day before rump India did. Pakistan was unique in that it comprised two wings, the left and the right. The left wing, then called West Pakistan, consisted of the present state of Pakistan and the right, or East Pakistan, the present day Bangladesh. Due to perceptions of inequality among the people of East Pakistan and of being subservient to West Pakistan, East Pakistan descended into a state of civil war that, ultimately, led to the birth of Bangladesh in 1971.
2 Pakistan was also noted for the fact that, until recently, no elected government had completed its full term in office, either losing in snap elections or being ousted by military coups. Like its re-energising economy, however, this situation, too, could be changing. Political Environment of Pakistan Analysis Pakistan is made up of four provinces, Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab and Sindh, and two federally-administered territories, The Federally Administered Tribal Areas and the Islamabad Capital Territory. The Parliament (Majlis-i-Shoora) consists of the National Assembly and the Senate, with 342 and 104 members, respectively. The government is headed by a Prime Minister. The President is elected by the Electoral College of the National Assembly, provincial assemblies and the Senate. This individual may remain in office for a maximum of two five-year terms. Of the National Assembly s 342 members, 272 are elected from single-member districts directly by the people for five-year terms, sixty seats are reserved for women, which are allocated in proportion to the number of unreserved seats a party wins in each of the provinces, and ten seats are reserved for non-muslim minorities. A similar system obtains in the provincial assemblies. The Senate, in contrast, allows for equal representation from each of the provinces and territories with 23 Senators elected by the provincial assemblies, eight by National Assembly members who are elected from the Federally Administered Tribal Areas and four more by the National Assembly to represent the Islamabad Capital Territory. Senators serve six-year terms, with fifty-two seats to be elected every three years. In a major revamp of Parliamentary process, the Eighteenth Amendment of the Constitution was passed into Law in According to the terms of this Amendment, some major legislative and executive responsibilities pertaining to health, education and local government were transferred from the federal government to the provinces. The Pakistani political system is, generally speaking, prone to instability. There is an ongoing three-way battle between the Army, the Judiciary and the political parties. Religious extremism, like terrorism, has, moreover, become a major factor and an important tool in Pakistan s political framework. The Pakistani Army was, until recently, perceived as the country s strongest institution. It was seen as the protector of the country and its people. As a result, it has intervened several times in the political process, leaving Pakistan under military rule; its actions were legitimised by the Judiciary. Until recently, the Judiciary was its ally, both institutions being conservative, Punjabi-dominated and distrustful of political parties. The Army, however, has lost public support for several reasons, including perceptions of ineptitude and the use of terrorists to fight its mortal enemy, India. The Judiciary, asserting its independence in 2012, charged Prime Minister Gilani with contempt of court, for which he eventually served a Page 2 of 6
3 thirty second-long sentence, and President Zardari with corruption. Effectively, a weakened Army left the polity strengthened and the Judiciary cementing its own position. Pakistani society remains ordered along family, clan and tribal lines. This striation caused internal fractures, even immediately after independence. The Khan of Kalat, for instance, resisted the incorporation of his state into the province of Baluchistan, requiring the Pakistani army to quell his rebellion. Baluchistan remains a restive province, however, and would likely secede if given the opportunity. Similar military action ensured that the traditional rulers of the frontier and northern regions accepted central rule. Khyber- Pakhtunkhwa (formerly the North-West Frontier Province) and the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), however, remain restive and do not fully accept Islamabad s rule, selfgoverning in accordance with tribal law and custom. The fractures within Pakistani society have been papered over with nationalism and only slightly more compelling military force. A major cause of Pakistan s instability is its use of proxies to fight India. After losing virtually every encounter with Indian forces, the Pakistani Army has abdicated its role to an extent by using militants as proxies to fight Indian forces. The Mujahidin fighting in Kashmir receive material support from Pakistan. Again, despite being an ally in the war on terror, ex- President Musharraf refused to unequivocally renounce the terror option in Kashmir and Afghanistan. Pakistan s use of terror as a foreign policy strategy was highlighted after the Mumbai attacks in November David Coleman, a naturalised American citizen of Pakistani heritage, pleaded guilty to charges brought against him in a Chicago court, admitting to helping Lashkar-e-Taiba, commonly perceived as a terrorist group, and interacting with Pakistan s Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate (ISI), the Pakistani Army s intelligence branch, in planning and carrying out the attack. A further complexity, one that has a direct bearing on the government, is religious fundamentalism. Various Pakistani leaders have been unable to dismantle the Pakistani Taliban and their support infrastructure. Some senior officers in the Pakistani Army view the Taliban as a tool with which to control Afghanistan and undercut India s influence there. The Taliban s extremist ideology, however, is growing in Pakistan itself. Extremist groups spread their ideologies among the Pashtu in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa and in Punjab, the home of Pakistan s military, suggesting the military has lost control of its creation. Pakistani liberals such as Pervez Hoodbhoy argue that, The common belief in Pakistan is that Islam s radicalism is a problem only in [the Federally Administered Tribal Areas or FATA], and the madrassas are the only institutions serving as jihad factories. This is a serious misconception. This belief, they say, may eventually lead to Pakistan s demise as a nationstate. Liberals are, however, usually silenced by violent Islamist hardliners; witness, for instance, the assassinations of the former Minorities Minister, Shahbaz Bhatti, and the Governor of Punjab, Salman Taseer, both of whom proposed amending Pakistan s antiblasphemy laws. Their assassins were showered with rose petals in court. A further cause of political instability is the distribution of power among the various political parties. The general elections that were held in 2013 saw the Pakistan Muslim League- Nawaz (a faction of the Pakistan Muslim League that is named after the current Prime Minister, Nawaz Sharif), oust the incumbent Pakistan People s Party from government. The Page 3 of 6
4 former won 126 of the directly-elected seats in the National Assembly and the latter, 31. The provincial elections in the same year saw different parties take office in each of the four provinces, thus impeding common objectives. Another setback that Pakistan has faced is the overall deterioration of its relationship with the United States. Whereas it was previously seen as a close partner, if not an ally, it is now viewed with suspicion and a deep sense of distrust. This was compounded by the discovery that Osama bin Laden was hiding a very short distance from a major Pakistani military academy in Kakul, Abbottabad, which itself is a relatively short distance from Islamabad. When a US helicopter that was used in the assassination mission crashed in the bin Laden compound, its remains were given to the Chinese by the Pakistanis in a fit of pique, causing further ill-will. The US perception that Pakistan is now gravitating towards China has all but sealed the distrust between the two countries. In sum, Pakistan is beset by a multitude of political problems that, while difficult to counter, can be overcome if the governments are allowed to deal with them without having to also contend with internal forces possessing an agenda that does not fit completely with that of the elected government. Foreign Relations Many of Pakistan s foreign relations policies are a direct outcome of its founding ideology. The Kashmir issue, for example, is at least partially the result of its desire to differentiate itself from Hindu India. When it failed in its initial bid in 1948 to acquire Muslim-majority Kashmir as part of its territory, Pakistan saw China as a natural ally when that country defeated India in the 1962 border war that Beijing fought with New Delhi. China, for its part, saw in Pakistan the opportunity to contain India. This commonality gave rise to Pakistan s enduring close relationship with China which, in turn, saw US President Richard Nixon and his Foreign Secretary/National Security Advisor, Henry Kissinger, approach Islamabad to act as an intermediary in their overtures to Beijing. It was the same relationship that also saw China transfer nuclear technology and know-how to Pakistan in direct contravention of extant international law, directly and also via North Korea. The Islamabad-Beijing nexus has flourished since, with the latter now investing around US$46 billion in the former s economy. Pakistan s relationship with the United States, while initially strong, has slowed dramatically in recent years due to US perceptions of Pakistan being a hotbed and direct sponsor, in some instances, of terrorism. The assassination of Osama bin Laden on Pakistani territory by American Special Forces did nothing to alleviate the situation, as did Pakistan s decision to transfer to China the remnants of the crashed helicopter that was used in that operation in order to give China access to US technology. Islamabad s relationship with the Middle East, similarly, started out strongly based, in part, on its access to nuclear technology and its willingness to transfer that technology to other Muslim-majority countries, Libya being an example. It has also been suggested that Pakistan s nuclear programme was funded by Saudi Arabia, although this particular claim has yet to be proven. While the relationship remains, many of those Middle Eastern countries Page 4 of 6
5 have developed or are developing their relationship with India because of their perceptions of India either as a growing power, market or both. Russia, which had previously shunned any notable relationship with Pakistan because of its strategic relationship with India, has in recent times made some overtures, based upon arms sales, to Islamabad. This nascent relationship is, however, predicated upon Moscow s perception of growing Indo-US ties and its need to develop as many international relationships as it can. It is difficult to see how a relationship built upon those weak foundations could last. The Australia-Pakistan relationship is, in the main, a commercial one. The value of the total merchandise trade between the two countries in was around $960 million. Of that amount, exports to Pakistan made up around $650 million and imports, $310 million. Australia s main exports to Pakistan were fertilisers, vegetables, ferrous waste and pharmaceutical products. Its main imports from Pakistan were textiles, crude petroleum, rice and sporting goods. In 2015, Australian exports to Pakistan constituted 1.2 per cent of the latter s total imports (China provided a full 25 per cent and was the primary source of imports). On the other hand, Pakistan s exports to Australia constituted only 0.8 per cent of the latter s total imports. Australia, similarly, exported $572 million worth of services to Pakistan and imported $97 million. Pakistan has invested $37 million in Australia while Australia has no investment in Pakistan. Given Pakistan s geo-strategic location, its large population, and its economic and trade potential, Australia holds a strong interest in maintaining a good bilateral relationship with it. Recognising the impediments to Pakistan s economic and social development, Australia has allocated around $47 million in overseas development aid to it in the period. Here again, Australia s relationship with Pakistan is overshadowed by its growing commercial and geo-strategic ties with India. Australia perceives India as a market for its minerals and energy products and as a geo-strategic partner. Canberra would be unlikely, therefore, to allow its relationship with Pakistan to come in the way of its relationship with India. Conclusion Like its economy, Pakistani politics have shown a resurgence in recent times. The three-way tussle for primacy between the Administration, the military and the Judiciary appears to have been settled, at least for now. This has enabled the Sharif Administration to concentrate on lifting Pakistan s economy, which it has been able to do to an extent. Its growing ties with China, furthermore, have seen that country s investments in Pakistan increase dramatically, notably in regard to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. Similarly, while Pakistan-US relations have deteriorated since the elimination of Osama bin Laden, it is unlikely that the US will terminate its ties to Pakistan altogether. In any case, any deterioration in the Pakistan-US relationship is more than compensated for by the increasing Page 5 of 6
6 ties with China. The need of the latter for strategic relationships will only see its ties with Pakistan grow further. This could be a good thing for Pakistan provided that it takes care not to become fully indebted to China or a pawn in a much larger power struggle between the growing forces of nationalism in both China and the United States. Those reservations aside, there is good reason to believe that Pakistan s politics are again on an upwards trajectory. ***** Any opinions or views expressed in this paper are those of the individual author, unless stated to be those of Future Directions International. Published by Future Directions International Pty Ltd. 80 Birdwood Parade, Dalkeith WA 6009, Australia. Tel: Fax: Web: Page 6 of 6
Pakistan s Policy Objectives in the Indian Ocean Region
12 2 September 2013 Pakistan s Policy Objectives in the Indian Ocean Region Associate Professor Claude Rakisits FDI Senior Visiting Fellow Key Points Pakistan s key present foreign policy objectives are:
More informationPakistan-China Relations: Bumps on the Road to Shangri-La
13 November 2012 Pakistan-China Relations: Bumps on the Road to Shangri-La Dr Claude Rakisits FDI Senior Visiting Fellow Key Points Three issues, notably attacks on Chinese citizens, the presence of Uighur
More informationThe Future of China-Pakistan Relations after Osama bin Laden
8 August 2011 The Future of China-Pakistan Relations after Osama bin Laden Dr Jabin T. Jacob Future Directions International Associate Key Points Despite its high profile, the killing of Osama bin Laden
More informationFDI Outlook and Analysis for 2018
23 January 2018 FDI Outlook and Analysis for 2018 Across the Indo-Pacific Region, the year ahead has all the hallmarks of continuing geopolitical uncertainly and the likelihood of increasing concern over
More informationSharif Out: What s Changed in US-Pakistan Relations?
THE NAVIGAT R Weekly Analysis of Muslim Geopolitics No. 4 Sharif Out: What s Changed In U.S.-Pakistan Relations? Center for Global Policy Aug 2, 2017 Sharif Out: What s Changed in US-Pakistan Relations?
More informationconfronting terrorism in the pursuit of power
strategic asia 2004 05 confronting terrorism in the pursuit of power Edited by Ashley J. Tellis and Michael Wills Regional Studies South Asia: A Selective War on Terrorism? Walter K. Andersen restrictions
More informationChina Pakistan Economic Corridor The Geo Strategic Dimension and Challenges. Majid Mahmood
Introduction China Pakistan Economic Corridor The Geo Strategic Dimension and Challenges Majid Mahmood The geographical location of a country determines its role in the world politics. It denotes that
More informationThe Geopolitical Importance of Pakistan
The Geopolitical Importance of Pakistan A Country Caught between the Threat of Talibanisation and the Return to Democracy by Dr. Heinrich Kreft The murder of Benazir Bhutto on 27 December focused world
More informationMany Players, New Tools in Pakistani Elections
Report Many Players, New Tools in Pakistani Elections Ahmad Muaffaq Zaidan* Al Jazeera Center for Studies Tel: +974-44663454 jcforstudies-en@aljazeera.net http://studies.aljazeera.net/en/ 6 May 2013 The
More informationModi One Year On: A Good, Bad or Indifferent Performance?
12 25 May 2015 Modi One Year On: A Good, Bad or Indifferent Performance? Lindsay Hughes Research Analyst Indian Ocean Research Programme Key Points Modi was elected with an anti-corruption and economic
More informationWhite Paper of the Interagency Policy Group's Report on U.S. Policy toward Afghanistan and Pakistan INTRODUCTION
White Paper of the Interagency Policy Group's Report on U.S. Policy toward Afghanistan and Pakistan INTRODUCTION The United States has a vital national security interest in addressing the current and potential
More informationPakistan and China: cooperation in counter-terrorism
Pakistan and China: cooperation in counter-terrorism Rashid Ahmad Khan * Introduction T he Pakistan-China strategic relationship is based on multi-faceted bilateral cooperation in diverse fields. During
More informationUS NSA s visit to South Asia implications for India
Author: Amb. Yogendra Kumar 27.04.2016 CHARCHA Photograph: Kevin Lamarque/Reuters US NSA s visit to South Asia implications for India An indication of the Administration s regional priorities has been
More informationAmericans to blame too August 29, 2007
Americans to blame too August 29, 2007 India has celebrated the 60th anniversary of its independence. Sixty years is a long time in the life of a nation. On August 15, 1947, Jawaharlal Nehru announced
More informationReport- In-House Meeting with Mr. Didier Chaudet Editing Director of CAPE (Center for the Analysis of Foreign Affairs)"
INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES web: www.issi.org.pk phone: +92-920-4423, 24 fax: +92-920-4658 Report- In-House Meeting with Mr. Didier Chaudet Editing Director of CAPE (Center for the Analysis of Foreign
More informationECOSOC I Adam McMahon (Deputy Chair) MY-MUNOFS VI Feb 28 Mar
ECOSOC I Adam McMahon (Deputy Chair) MY-MUNOFS VI Feb 28 Mar 01 2015 Introduction: Pakistan is a country that continuously finds itself caught up in the middle of a lot of tricky situations as it faces
More informationAustralia-India Strategic Relations: The Odd Couple of the Indian Ocean?
20 May 2014 Australia-India Strategic Relations: The Odd Couple of the Indian Ocean? Dr David Brewster FDI Associate Key Points The Australia-India relationship has come a long way over the last decade,
More informationReport - In-House Meeting with Egyptian Media Delegation
INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES web: www.issi.org.pk phone: +92-920-4423, 24 fax: +92-920-4658 Report - In-House Meeting with Egyptian Media Delegation December 3, 2018 Rapporteur: Arhama Siddiqa Edited
More informationPakistan and China formalized plans for the CPEC in April 2015, when they signed fifty-one
1 of 8 30.05.2016 10:18 Authors: Daniel S. Markey, Adjunct Senior Fellow for India, Pakistan, and South Asia, and James West, Research Associate, India, Pakistan and South Asia May 12, 2016 The China-Pakistan
More informationPakistan After Musharraf
CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE Pakistan After Musharraf Q&A with: Frederic Grare, visiting scholar, Carnegie South Asia Program Wednesday, August 20, 2008 What are the implications of Musharraf
More informationPOLICY BRIEF. Engaging Pakistan. W h a t i s t h e p r o b l e m? W h a t s h o u l d b e d o n e? December 2008
POLICY BRIEF December 2008 CLAUDE RAKISITS claude.rakisits@canberra.net.au W h a t i s t h e p r o b l e m? Pakistan is a critical player in international efforts to counter global and regional terrorist
More informationCraig Charney December, 2010
Pakistan: Public Opinion Trends and Strategic Implications Craig Charney December, 2010 Polls: Jan 2009 500 respondents FATA Columbia U Poll October 15 November 3, 2008; 1199 respondents National Columbia
More informationMEDIA COVERAGE. Pakistan-Austria Roundtable Afghanistan and Regional Security 28 March 2019 NATIONAL ONLINE NEWSPAPERS
ISLAMABAD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE 5 th Floor, Evacuee Trust Complex, Sir Aga Khan Road, F-5/1, Islamabad, Pakistan Tel: + 92 51 9211346-49; Fax + 92 51 9211350 Email: ipripak@ipripak.org; Website: www.ipripak.org
More informationHappymon Jacob China, India, Pakistan and a stable regional order
Happymon Jacob China, India, Pakistan and a stable regional order 12 Three powers China, India, and Pakistan hold the keys to the future of south Asia. As the West withdraws from Afghanistan and US influence
More informationHafiz Saeed s Social Outreach: Digitalisation of Terrorism
120 / 18 28 JAN 2018 Hafiz Saeed s Social Outreach: Digitalisation of Terrorism Shalini Chawla and E. Dilipraj* Centre for Air Power Studies Hafiz Saeed, chief of Jamaat-ud-Dawa (JuD), and a UN, US and
More informationIn just five months, public approval of Osama bin Laden has dropped by half.
Editorials and Commentary A radical turnabout in Pakistan In just five months, public approval of Osama bin Laden has dropped by half. By Kenneth Ballen and Reza Aslan February 21, 27, 2008 Washington
More informationCongressional Testimony
Congressional Testimony FOREIGN ASSISTANCE, SUPPORT FOR EXTREMISM AND PUBLIC OPINION IN MUSLIM MAJORITY COUNTRIES Written Testimony of Kenneth Ballen President Terror Free Tomorrow: The Center for Public
More informationIRI Pakistan Index. Three Crises: Economic, Political and Security
IRI Pakistan Index Three Crises: Economic, Political and Security The most significant event since IRI s last poll was the assassination of Pakistan People s Party (PPP) Chairperson and former Prime Minister
More informationOn Eve of Elections, a Dismal Public Mood in Pakistan
May, On Eve of Elections, a Dismal Public Mood in Rising Concerns about the Taliban Andrew Kohut, Founding Director, Pew Research Center Pew Global Attitudes Project: Pew Research Center: Richard Wike,
More informationIRI Index: Pakistan. Voters were also opposed to the various measures that accompanied the state of emergency declaration.
IRI Index: Pakistan State of Emergency On November 3, 2007, Pakistan President Pervez Musharraf, who was then Army Chief of Staff, declared a state of emergency and suspended the constitution. IRI s most
More informationWilton Park Conference WP 919 PAKISTAN: SOURCES OF STABILITY AND INSTABILITY. Monday 31 March Friday 4 April 2008
Wilton Park Conference WP 919 PAKISTAN: SOURCES OF STABILITY AND INSTABILITY Monday 31 March Friday 4 April 2008 With support from the UK s Global Conflict Prevention Pool, a joined-up government approach
More informationPakistan Elections 2018: Imran Khan and a new South Asia. C Raja Mohan 1
ISAS Brief No. 595 2 August 2018 Institute of South Asian Studies National University of Singapore 29 Heng Mui Keng Terrace #08-06 (Block B) Singapore 119620 Tel: (65) 6516 4239 Fax: (65) 6776 7505 www.isas.nus.edu.sg
More informationPakistani Public Opinion on Democracy, Islamist Militancy, and Relations with the US
Pakistani Public Opinion on Democracy, Islamist Militancy, and Relations with the US A Joint Study of WorldPublicOpinion.org and the United States Institute of Peace January 7, 2008 C. CHRISTINE FAIR CLAY
More informationAP PHOTO/EMILIO MORENATTI. Previewing Pakistan s 2013 Elections. Colin Cookman March
AP PHOTO/EMILIO MORENATTI Previewing Pakistan s 2013 Elections Colin Cookman March 2013 WWW.AMERICANPROGRESS.ORG Introduction and summary Over the past decade, U.S. engagement with Pakistan has experienced
More informationWeekly Geopolitical Report
August 17, 2009 Pakistan and the Death of Baitullah Mehsud Reports indicated that on Aug. 5, Baitullah Mehsud, the notorious leader of the Taliban in Pakistan, died from a U.S. missile strike. In this
More informationIn the two years since Pakistani President Pervez
"The expansion of Pakistani-Russian ties to include a significant arms relationship appears to depend on a deterioration in the Russian-Indian relationship that Moscow will not initiate and desperately
More informationEngaging Regional Players in Afghanistan Threats and Opportunities
Engaging Regional Players in Afghanistan Threats and Opportunities A Report of the CSIS Post-Conflict Reconstruction Project author Shiza Shahid codirectors Rick Barton Karin von Hippel November 2009 CSIS
More informationChapter 2 A Brief History of India
Chapter 2 A Brief History of India Civilization in India began around 2500 B.C. when the inhabitants of the Indus River Valley began commercial and agricultural trade. Around 1500 B.C., the Indus Valley
More informationfragility and crisis
strategic asia 2003 04 fragility and crisis Edited by Richard J. Ellings and Aaron L. Friedberg with Michael Wills Country Studies Pakistan: A State Under Stress John H. Gill restrictions on use: This
More informationSlow to Progress: Results of Pakistan s most recent Demographic and Health Survey 1. Richard Cincotta
Slow to Progress: Results of Pakistan s most recent Demographic and Health Survey 1 Richard Cincotta The Stimson Center, Washington, DC USA Whether or not one s primary interests extend to Pakistan s public
More informationISAS Insights No. 2 Date: 21 April 2005 (All rights reserved)
ISAS Insights No. 2 Date: 21 April 2005 (All rights reserved) Institute of South Asian Studies Hon Sui Sen Memorial Library Building 1 Hon Sui Sen Drive (117588) Tel: 68746179 Fax: 67767505 Email: isaspt@nus.edu.sg
More informationImplications of the Indo-US Growing Nuclear Nexus on the Regional Geopolitics
Center for Global & Strategic Studies Implications of the Indo-US Growing Nuclear Nexus on the Regional Geopolitics Contact Us at www.cgss.com.pk info@cgss.com.pk 1 Abstract The growing nuclear nexus between
More informationPakistani labor force in the Gulf and its impact on Pakistan
2018 7th International Conference on Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (SSEHR 2018) Pakistani labor force in the Gulf and its impact on Pakistan Ding Jianjun, Zhang Daolei Marxist College,
More informationCRS Report for Congress
Order Code RS21584 Updated August 4, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Summary Pakistan: Chronology of Events K. Alan Kronstadt Analyst in Asian Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense,
More informationone time. Any additional use of this file, whether for
one time. Any additional use of this file, whether for Islamabad and The Taliban sales, alterations or copying is strictly prohibited without written permission and fair compensation to BENAZIR BHUTTO,
More informationAny response to Uri must factor in the Pakistani state s relationship with non-state actors.
Inside, outside Any response to Uri must factor in the Pakistani state s relationship with non-state actors. Soldiers guard outside the army base which was attacked suspected militants in Uri, Jammu and
More informationFull text of 18th Amendment Bill
Full text of 18th Amendment Bill ISLAMABAD, Apr 9 (APP): The National Assembly on Thursday unanimously approved the 18th Amendment Bill. Following is the full text of the bill. TO BE INTRODUCED IN THE
More informationPakistan, our paradoxical partner in the war on terror by Raspal Khosa
19 Pakistan, our paradoxical partner in the war on terror by Raspal Khosa 22 February 2008 Pakistan is experiencing a failure in governance brought about by eight years of unpopular military rule, decaying
More informationAfter bin Laden, Still No Choice for U.S. with Pakistan
After bin Laden, Still No Choice for U.S. with Pakistan An Interview C. Christine Fair By Graham Webster May 26, 2011 The U.S.-Pakistan relationship has received renewed attention in both countries after
More informationThe US s Withdrawal from Afghanistan and Its Impact on Indo-Pak Relations
27 J. Glob. & Sci. Issues, Vol 1, Issue 2, (June 2013) ISSN 2307-6275 The US s Withdrawal from Afghanistan and Its Impact on Indo-Pak Relations Naheed Anjum Chishti 1 Abstract The US President Barak Obama
More informationPolitical Snapshot: Year End 2013
Political Snapshot: Year End 2013 The Way Forward The year 2013 will be remembered historically as the foundation for democratic transition. In May 2013 the first democratically elected government, in
More informationINDIA BANGLADESH SRI LANKA NEPAL BHUTAN PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN
SOUTH ASIA Hot Topics Overview INDIA BANGLADESH SRI LANKA NEPAL BHUTAN PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN Physical Geography South Asia is a subcontinent formed by plate tectonics Creation of the Realm Continental
More informationUSA s Pak Strategy Blown - A New Round of Challenges for the Region
Published on South Asia Analysis Group (http://www.southasiaanalysis.org) Home > USA s Pak Strategy Blown - A New Round of Challenges for the Region USA s Pak Strategy Blown - A New Round of Challenges
More informationAn Unarguable Fact: American Security is Tied to Afghanistan and Pakistan
Statement before the House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on the Middle East and North Africa and Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific on After the Withdrawal: The Way Forward in Afghanistan
More informationUS DRONE ATTACKS INSIDE PAKISTAN TERRITORY: UN CHARTER
US DRONE ATTACKS INSIDE PAKISTAN TERRITORY: UN CHARTER Nadia Sarwar * The US President, George W. Bush, in his address to the US. Military Academy at West point on June 1, 2002, declared that America could
More informationSHAPING THE WORLD. Mood. Ratings. Drop.
NUMBERS, FACTS AND TRENDS SHAPING THE WORLD FOR RELEASE AUGUST 27, 2014 A Les s Gloomy Mood in Pakistan Sharif Gets High Mark ks, while Khan s Ratings Drop FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ON THIS REPORT: Richard
More informationStates & Types of States
States & Types of States Political Geography Nation: a group of people with a common culture - Tightly knit group of people possessing shared cultural beliefs & unity: genous - Ancestry or historical events
More informationAGORA ASIA-EUROPE. Regional implications of NATO withdrawal from Afghanistan: What role for the EU? Nº 4 FEBRUARY Clare Castillejo.
Nº 4 FEBRUARY 2012 AGORA ASIA-EUROPE Regional implications of NATO withdrawal from Afghanistan: What role for the EU? Clare Castillejo The US and NATO may have a date to leave Afghanistan, but they still
More informationNational Survey of Current Political Situation in Pakistan. June 13-July 04, 2018
National Survey of Current Political Situation in Pakistan June 13-July 04, 2018 About IPOR: IPOR Consulting is an independent research institution with ability to gauge public opinion at its best on social
More informationWhat has Changed, What hasn t and What is unlikely to Change? International Strategic and Security Studies Programme
NIAS Strategic Forecast 21 Trends. Threats. Projections US-Pak Relations: What has Changed, What hasn t and What is unlikely to Change? D. Suba Chandran January 2018 International Strategic and Security
More informationINDIA AND PAKISTAN: STEPS TOWARDS RAPPROCHEMENT
Prepared Testimony of STEPHEN P. COPHEN Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy Studies, The Brookings Institution Before the SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE January 28, 2004 INDIA AND PAKISTAN: STEPS TOWARDS
More informationBELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE CHINA PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR (CPEC) Abdul Qadir Memon Consul General of Pakistan Hong Kong SAR
BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE CHINA PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR (CPEC) Abdul Qadir Memon Consul General of Pakistan Hong Kong SAR Pakistan Factsheet India 3,190 km Afghanistan 2,670 km Iran 959 km China 438
More informationIf states are known by the enemies they have, then Pakistan has largely been known by the very country it seeks to avoid: India. - Ahmed M. Quraishi.
Death of Osama can improve Indo-Pak peace talks Hrishiraj Bhattacharjee, If states are known by the enemies they have, then Pakistan has largely been known by the very country it seeks to avoid: India.
More informationC. Christine Fair 1. The Timing of the Study
Islamist Militancy in Pakistan: A View from the Provinces Companion to Pakistani Public Opinion on the Swat Conflict, Afghanistan and the U.S. July 10, 2009 C. Christine Fair 1 In Pakistan s struggles
More information59. Relations with South and Central Asia
59. Relations with South and Central Asia Policymakers should acknowledge that although the United States should seek to prevent Pakistan from descending into chaos in the short term, the Musharraf regime
More informationPakistan: Transition to What?
This is a non-printable proof of a Commentary published in Survival, vol. 50, no. 1 (February-March 2008), pp. 9 14. The published version is available for subscribers or pay-per-view by clicking here
More informationMs. Susan M. Pojer & Mrs. Lisbeth Rath Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
Ms. Susan M. Pojer & Mrs. Lisbeth Rath Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY Border problems Jawarlal Nehru Ally of Gandhi. 1 st Prime Minister of India, 1947-1964. Advocated Industrialization. Promoted Green
More informationFORUM Op-eds on legal news by law professors and JURIST special guests...
US International Combined Mobile E-mail Feeds Contact SEARCH NEWS COMMENTARY FEATURE TOPICS ABOUT JURIST HOME Bernard Hibbitts, Publisher & Editor-in-Chief 3:01 PM Wednesday, Jul. 20, 2011 JURIST Features:
More informationPakistan. Gender-Based Violence and Legal Discrimination
January 2007 Country Summary Pakistan In office since a 1999 coup d etat, President Pervez Musharraf s military-backed government did little in 2006 to address a rapidly deteriorating human rights situation.
More informationReport- Book Launch 88 Days to Kandahar A CIA Diary
INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES web: www.issi.org.pk phone: +92-920-4423, 24 fax: +92-920-4658 Report- Book Launch 88 Days to Kandahar A CIA Diary March 11, 2016 Compiled by: Amina Khan 1 P a g e Pictures
More informationIndia-Pakistan Relations: Post Pathankot
INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES web: www.issi.org.pk phone: +92-920-4423, 24 fax: +92-920-4658 Issue Brief India-Pakistan Relations: Post Pathankot Tooba Khurshid, Research Fellow, ISSI February 11, 2016
More informationOverview of the Afghanistan and Pakistan Annual Review
Overview of the Afghanistan and Pakistan Annual Review Our overarching goal remains the same: to disrupt, dismantle, and defeat al-q ida in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and to prevent its capacity to threaten
More informationIndia-US Counterterrorism Cooperation: The Way Forward
India-US Counterterrorism Cooperation: The Way Forward by Vinay Kaura BESA Center Perspectives Paper No. 555, August 8, 2017 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Narendra Modi s visit to the Trump White House in June was
More informationA Regional Overview of South Asia
A Regional Overview of South Asia By Richard A. Boucher Assistant Secretary of State for South and Central Asian Affairs [The following are excerpts of the speech presented to the House Committee on Foreign
More informationInfo Pack Pakistan s General Elections
Info Pack Pakistan s General Elections Prepared by Hajira Maryam Info Pack Pakistan s General Elections Prepared by Hajira Maryam TRT WORLD RESEARCH CENTRE ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PREPARED BY Hajira MARYAM
More informationISSUE BRIEF. Deep-rooted Territorial Disputes, Non-state Actors and Involvement of RAW
ISSUE BRIEF INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES ISLAMABAD Web: www.issi.org.pk Phone: +92-920-4423, 24 Fax: +92-920-4658 RATIONALE FOR STRATEGIC STABILITY IN SOUTH ASIA By Malik Qasim Mustafa Senior Research
More informationCRS Report for Congress
Order Code RS21584 Updated November 3, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Summary Pakistan: Chronology of Events K. Alan Kronstadt Analyst in Asian Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense,
More informationSecuring Indian Interests in Afghanistan Beyond 2014
Securing Indian Interests in Afghanistan Beyond 2014 C. Christine Fair Asia Policy, Number 17, January 2014, pp. 27-32 (Article) Published by National Bureau of Asian Research DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/asp.2014.0016
More informationAfghanistan has become terrain for India-Pakistan proxy war
Afghanistan has become terrain for India-Pakistan proxy war Ramananda Sengupta* March 2010 Al Jazeera Centre for Studies Tel: +974-4930181 Fax: +974-4831346 jcforstudies@aljazeera.net www.aljazeera.net/studies
More informationIndia Past, Present and the Future
India Past, Present and the Future The Jewel of the Crown The British began ruling India in 1757. The British East India Company s own army defeated an army led by the Governor of Bengal outside of the
More informationList of Important Essays for CSS
List of Important Essays for CSS 1. Baluchistan Crisis 01. Baluchistan as a province of pakistan 02. Independence of baluchistan (After august 1947) 03. Historical movements and Kalat annexed in baluchistan
More informationReport In-House Meeting
INSTITUTE OF STRATEGIC STUDIES web: www.issi.org.pk phone: +92-920-4423, 24 fax: +92-920-4658 Report In-House Meeting Thai Media Delegation July 4, 2018 Rapporteur: Majid Mahmood Edited by: Najam Rafique
More informationPakistan Elections 2018: Likely Winners, Runners and Losers
NIAS Strategic Forecast 22 Trends. Threats. Projections Pakistan Elections 2018: Likely Winners, Runners and Losers D. Suba Chandran July 2018 International Strategic and Security Studies Programme National
More informationPutin s Predicament: Russia and Afghanistan after 2014
Putin s Predicament: Russia and Afghanistan after 2014 Mark N. Katz Asia Policy, Number 17, January 2014, pp. 13-17 (Article) Published by National Bureau of Asian Research DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/asp.2014.0009
More informationIRI Index: Pakistan. Social and Political Indicators
IRI Index: Pakistan Social and Political Indicators IRI s September poll witnessed a drop in all major indicators of public mood. Pakistanis are feeling more insecure, both physically and economically,
More informationAustralian Institute of International Affairs PAKISTAN: SECURITY CHALLENGES
PAKISTAN: SECURITY CHALLENGES By Ian Dudgeon, November 4, 2010 Introduction My presentation today is based on a visit I made to Islamabad, Rawalpindi and Lahore in Pakistan during 4-12 October 2010. The
More informationThe most important geostrategic issue for the UK? Pakistan with friends like these.
RS 57 The most important geostrategic issue for the UK? Pakistan with friends like these. By Professor Shaun Gregory PSRU, Department of Peace Studies, University of Bradford This paper is taken from an
More informationThe top leaders of the Movement of the Taliban in Pakistan:
Downloaded from: justpaste.it/1b04 Pakistani Taliban - Leaders // Ethnic Groups Map of northwestern Pakistan. By BILL ROGGIO May 17, 2010 After the failed car bomb attack in New York City's Times Square,
More information(1) Pakistan shall be Federal Republic to be known as the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, hereinafter referred to as Pakistan.
AR TIC LES The Merger and tax issues Page NO.20 Col No.03 The passage of Constitution (Thirty-first Amendment) Act, 2018 ["31st Constitutional Amendment"] by Senate and National Assembly, its adoption
More informationPakistan Factsheet Women, Minorities and Persons with Disabilities
Pakistan Factsheet Women, Minorities and Persons with Disabilities Background According to international law, all people are entitled to certain political rights, including a citizen s right to influence
More informationTESTIMONY OF ANDREW WILDER RESEARCH DIRECTOR, FEINSTEIN INTERNATIONAL CENTER TUFTS UNIVERSITY HEARING ON
TESTIMONY OF ANDREW WILDER RESEARCH DIRECTOR, FEINSTEIN INTERNATIONAL CENTER TUFTS UNIVERSITY HEARING ON U.S. AID TO PAKISTAN: PLANNING AND ACCOUNTABILITY HOUSE COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM
More informationBe Happy, Share & Help Each Other!!!
Crossing a bridge Q- How did India and Pakistan solve Indus river water sharing problem? Do you think both countries can resolve their other bilateral problems in the same manner? Critically examine. Crossing
More informationPakistani Public Opinion GROWING CONCERNS ABOUT EXTREMISM, CONTINUING DISCONTENT WITH U.S.
1615 L Street, N.W., Suite 700 Washington, D.C. 20036 Tel (202) 419-4350 Fax (202) 419-4399 www.pewglobal.org FOR RELEASE: THURSDAY, August 13, 2009, 11:00 AM EDT i Public Opinion GROWING CONCERNS ABOUT
More informationWikiLeaks Document Release
WikiLeaks Document Release February 2, 2009 Congressional Research Service Report RS22632 Pakistan and Terrorism: A Summary K. Alan Kronstadt, Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division March 27, 2007
More informationBreakfast in Amritsar, lunch in Lahore, dinner in Kabul * Simbal Khan **
Breakfast in Amritsar, lunch in Lahore, dinner in Kabul * Simbal Khan ** Breakfast in Amritsar, Lunch in Lahore, dinner in Kabul These words spoken by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in January 2007, envisioning
More informationPUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS AND MEDIA INTERVIEWS
PUBLICATIONS, PRESENTATIONS AND MEDIA INTERVIEWS By Dr Claude Rakisits Pakistan-US bilateral relations: a difficult road ahead, Australian Defence Force Journal, No 183, Nov-Dec 2010, pp. 17-26 World cannot
More informationPakistan and Terrorism: A Summary
name redacted Specialist in South Asian Affairs March 27, 2007 Congressional Research Service CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress 7-... www.crs.gov RS22632 Summary This
More informationMilitary Courts in Pakistan:
NIAS Strategic Forecast 12 Trends. Threats. Projections Military Courts in Pakistan: Will they return? What are the implications? January 2017 International Strategic and Security Studies Programme National
More informationISAS Insights. Pakistan-India Detente: A Three-Step Tango. Shahid Javed Burki 1. No August 2012
ISAS Insights No. 179 8 August 2012 469A Bukit Timah Road #07-01, Tower Block, Singapore 259770 Tel: 6516 6179 / 6516 4239 Fax: 6776 7505 / 6314 5447 Email: isassec@nus.edu.sg Website: www.isas.nus.edu.sg
More informationConcern About Extremist Threat Slips in Pakistan
EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: THURSDAY, JULY, 0, : PM EDT America s Image Remains Poor Concern About Extremist Threat Slips in FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Andrew Kohut, President, Pew Research Center Pew
More information