Pattern of Question Paper in B.A. (Honours) Part I (2015) & Part II (2016) DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY LIST OF EXISTING TEACHING STAFF

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1 FACULTY OF ARTS, EDUCATION AND SOCIAL SCIENCES BACHELOR OF ARTS GENERAL INFORMATION FOR STUDENTS Pattern of Question Paper in B.A. (Honours) Part I (2015) & Part II (2016) Section A: Will consist of 10 compulsory questions. There will be two questions from each unit and answer of each question shall be limited upto 30 words. Each question will carry 2 marks. Section B: Will consist of 10 questions. Two question from each unit will be set and students will answer one question from each Unit. Answer of each question shall be limited upto 250 words. Each question will carry 7 marks. Section C: Will consist of total 5 questions. The paper setter will set one question from each Unit and students will answer any 3 questions and answer of each question shall be limited upto 500 words. Each question will carry 15 marks. DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY LIST OF EXISTING TEACHING STAFF 1. Dr. (Mrs.) Vinita Parihar Professor and Head 2. Prof. S.P. Vyas Professor 3. Prof. K.L. Mathur Professor 4. Dr. N.K. Chaturvedi Associate Professor 5. Dr. Arvind Parihar Associate Professor 6. Dr. Shankar Goyal Associate Professor 7. Dr. S.S. Bais Associate Professor 8. Dr. M.R. Gadhveer Associate Professor 9. Dr. Sushila Shaktawat Associate Professor 10. Dr. Rashmi Meena Assistant Professor 11. Mr. Bhagwan Singh Shekhawat Assistant Professor 12. Mr. Bhawani Singh Rajpurohit Assistant Professor 13. Dr. Dinesh Rathi Assistant Professor 14. Dr. Suresh Kumar Assistant Professor 15. Dr. Pratibha Sankhla Assistant Professor 16. Dr. Mahendra Purohit Assistant Professor 17. Mr. Bharat Deora Assistant Professor 18. Mr. Lalit Kumar Panwar Assistant Professor

2 B.A. (HONS) HISTORY PART I EXAMINATION 2015 Paper I Paper II Paper III Paper IV Duration of each paper 100 Marks 100 Marks 100 Marks 100 Marks 3 Hours PAPER I HISTORY OF INDIA UPTO c. A.D Unit 1 Sources : Literature, archaeology; epigraphy, numismatics. Paleolithic Cultures Sequence and geographical distribution, evolution and uses of stone industries. Mesolithic Cultures regional and chronological distribution, Megaliths. Unit 2 The Harappan Civilization origin, distribution, morphology of major sites (Mohanjodaro, Harappa, Kalibangan, Lothal, Dholavira) religious beliefs and practices, art and architecture. Society, economy, polity and religion as reflected in Vedic literature. Unit 3 Age of Mahajanapadas early Monarchical states and Gana Sanghas. The Mauryan Empire political and cultural relations with special reference to Sri Lanka and West Asia; Ashoka s dhamma its nature and propagation; art and architecture. Socio-Economic Activities in reference of guilds. Unit 4 Post-Mauryan Society and Polity, Religion and Culture : emergence of Mahayana Buddhism; Spread of Vaishnava and Saiva forms of worship. Art; architecture and sculpture. Sangam Age : Society, Language and Literature. Unit 5 Age of the Guptas Administrative institutions. Cultural developments : art; architecture, sculpture, painting, literature and religion. Cultural contacts with Central Asia. Harshavardhana : Religion and administrative institutions. Suggested Readings: Agarwal, D.P. : The Archaeology of India, Delhi, Agarwal, V.S. : Indian Art, Varanasi, Allchin, Bridget and : Origins of Civilization : The Pre-history and Early Archaeology of F. Raymond South Asia, Delhi, : The Rise of Civilization in India and Pakistan, Delhi, Basham, A.L. : The Wonder that was India, Mumbai, 1971(Also in Hindi). Bhattacharya, N.N. : Ancient Indian Rituals and their Social contents, Delhi, Chanana, Dev Raj : Slavery in Ancient India, Delhi, Chattopadhyaya,B.D. : A Survey of Historical Geography of Ancient India, Kolkata, : The Making of Early Medieval India, Delhi, : History of Science and Technology in Ancient India, Kolkata, Gupta, P.L. : Coins, Delhi, Jha, D.N., (ed.), : Feudal Social Formation in Early India, Delhi, : Economy and Society in Early India : Issues and Paradigm, Delhi, Maity, S.K. : Economic Life in Northern India in the Gupta period 300 AD 550 AD, Delhi, 1970.

3 Majumdar, R.C. : History and Culture of Indian People, Vol. I, II, III, Mumbai, Raychaudhari, H.C. : Political History of Ancient India, Delhi, Shastri, K.A.N.(ed) : A Comprehensive History of India, Vol. II, Delhi, Thapar, Romila : Asoka and the Decline of the Mauryan Empire, Delhi, : Ancient Indian Social History Some Interpretation, Delhi, Yadava, B.N.S. : Society and Culture of Northern India in the Twelfth Century, Allahabad, Mukerjee, B.N. : Rise and Fall of Kushana Empire Kolkatta, fonqyk tk;loky % ¼v½ iqjkik"kk.k dky ¼c½ e/;ik"kk.k dky ¼l½ uoik"kk.k dky] vkxe izdk ku] fnyyh

4 ch-,- ¼vkWulZ½ bfrgkl izfke o"kz & 2015 izfke iz u&i= f}rh; iz u&i= r`rh; iz u&i= prqfkz iz u&i= vof/k izfke iz u i= Hkkjr dk bfrgkl ¼650 bzloh rd½ 100 vad 100 vad 100 vad 100 vad 3?k.Vs bdkbz 1 % Lkzksr % lkfgr;] iqjkrro] vfhkys[k,oa flddsa iwozik"kk.kdkyhu lald`fr & Øe,oa HkkSxksfyd folrkj] fodkl,oa ik"kk.k m ksx ds iz;ksxa e/;ik"kk.kdkyhu lald`fr & {ks=h;,oa dkyøekuqlkj folrkj A egkik"kk.k dkya bdkbz 2 % gm+iik lh;rk & mn;] izlkj] izeq[k LFkyksa dk ukedj.k ¼eksgutksnM+ks] gm+iik] dkyhcaxk] yksfky] /kksykohjk½] /kkfezd fo okl,oa ijeijk,a] dyk,oa LFkkiR;A osfnd lkfgr; esa izfrfcfecr lekt] vfkzo;olfkk] jktuhfr,oa /keza bdkbz 3 % egktuin ;qx & izkjfehkd jktra=kred jkt;,oa x.kla?ka eks;z lkezkt; & Jhyadk,oa if pe,f k;k ds fo ks"k lunhkz esa jktuhfrd,oa lkald`frd lecu/ka v kksd dk /kee & izd`fr,oa izpkj( dyk,oa LFkkiR;( lkekftd,oa vkffkzd xfrfof/k;kaa Jsf.k;ksa ds lunhkz esa bdkbz 4 % mùkj&eks;zdkyhu lekt,oa jktuhfr] /kez,oa lald`fr( egk;ku cks) leiznk; dk mn~hko( os".ko,oa 'kso iwtk ijeijk dk izlkja dyk&lfkkir;,oa ewfrz dyka laxe ;qx( lekt] Hkk"kk,oa lkfgr;a bdkbz 5 % xqirdky & iz kklfud lalfkk,aa lkald`frd fodkl & dyk & LFkkiR; dyk] /keza lanhkz&xazfk % ewfrz dyk] fp=dyk] lkfgr;,oa e/;,f k;k ds lkfk lkald`frd leidza g"kzo)zu % /kez,oa iz kklfud lalfkk,aa Agarwal, D.P. : The Archaeology of India, Delhi, Agarwal, V.S. : Indian Art, Varanasi, Allchin, Bridget and : Origins of Civilization : The Pre-history and Early Archaeology of F. Raymond South Asia, Delhi, : The Rise of Civilization in India and Pakistan, Delhi, Basham, A.L. : The Wonder that was India, Mumbai, 1971(Also in Hindi).

5 Bhattacharya, N.N. : Ancient Indian Rituals and their Social contents, Delhi, Chanana, Dev Raj : Slavery in Ancient India, Delhi, Chattopadhyaya,B.D. : A Survey of Historical Geography of Ancient India, Kolkata, : The Making of Early Medieval India, Delhi, : History of Science and Technology in Ancient India, Kolkata, Gupta, P.L. : Coins, Delhi, Jha, D.N., (ed), : Feudal Social Formation in Early India, Delhi, : Economy and Society in Early India : Issues and Paradigm, Delhi, Maity, S.K. : Economic Life in Northern India in the Gupta period 300 AD 550 AD, Delhi, Majumdar, R.C. : History and Culture of Indian People, Vol. I, II, III, Mumbai, Raychaudhari, H.C. : Political History of Ancient India, Delhi, Shastri, K.A.N.(ed) : A Comprehensive History of India, Vol. II, Delhi, Thapar, Romila : Asoka and the Decline of the Mauryan Empire, Delhi, : Ancient Indian Social History Some Interpretation, Delhi, Yadava, B.N.S. : Society and Culture of Northern India in the Twelfth Century, Allahabad, Mukerjee, B.N. : Rise and Fall of Kushana Empire Kolkatta, fonqyk tk;loky % ¼v½ iqjkik"kk.k dky ¼c½ e/;ik"kk.k dky ¼l½ uoik"kk.k dky] vkxe izdk ku] fnyyh

6 Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5 PAPER II HISTORY OF INDIA c. A.D Historiography and recent debates, sources and their interpretation, epigraphy, numismatics and literature. Ghaznavi and Ghori invasions, nature and impact. Land grants and agrarian expansion, changes in land tenure, peasants, Urban Centres, coinage and currencies; crafts, guilds and industries; Rise and growth of regional languages, art, architecture, painting, and sculpture (600 A.D A.D.). Sultanate ( AD) political structure; ruling elites, central structure and military organization; iqta; Mongol threat; theories of kingship. Sufism, Bhakti movement, Nathpanthis Kabir, Nanak and the Sant tradition. Sultanate Architecture; Literature. Societies, economy and political formations : A regional perspective Rajasthan, Vijaynagar and Deccan Trade and urbanization with special reference to South India. Suggested Readings: Sharma, R.S. : Aspects of political ideas and Institutions in Ancient India, New Delhi, : Indian Feudalism, New Delhi, : Perspectives in Social and Economic History of Early India, Delhi, : Shudras in Ancient India, Delhi, Veluthat, Kesavan : The Political Structure of Early Medieval South India, Delhi, Raychaudhuri, Thapar and Irfan Habib (eds) Cambridge Economic History of India, Vol. I. c AD, Delhi, Alam, Muzaffar and Subramanyam, Sanjay(ed) Ashraf, K.M. The Mughal State. : Life and Conditions of the people of Hindustan ( AD), Delhi, Habib, M. : Politics and Society in Early Medieval period, Vol. I & II, Delhi, Habib, M. and Nizami, K.A. (ed) : Comprehensive History of India, Vol. V (AD ), : The Delhi Sultanate, Delhi, Nizami, Khaliq A.: Religion and Politics and Thirteenth Century, Aligarh, Rizvi, S.A.A. : History of Sufism, Vol. I, Delhi, Satish Chandra : Historiography, Religion and State in Medieval India, Delhi, : Medieval India : From Sultanate to the Mughals, Part I : Delhi Sultanate ( ) Delhi, jk/ks ;ke % e/;dkyhu Hkkjr dh lkald`frd lajpuka /ku ;ke nÿk 'kekz Jhjke 'kekz v kjq] ds-,e- lrh k panz % e/;dkyhu Hkkjrh; lkekftd,oa vkffkzd lalfkk, A % eqxy 'kkldksa dh /kkfezd uhfra % fgunqlrku ds yksxksa dk thou o ifjflfkfr;k A % mÿkj eqxydkyhu HkkjrA

7 f}rh; iz u i= Hkkjr dk bfrgkl ¼650 bzloh ls 1550 bzloh rd½ bdkbz 1 % bfrgkl ys[ku,oa vk/kqfud okn&fookn] Lkzksr,oa mudh O;k[;k] vfhkys[k] fldds,oa lkfgr;a xtuoh vksj xksjh ds vkøe.k] izd`fr,ao izhkkoa bdkbz 2 % Hkwfe vuqnku,oa d`f"k dk folrkj] Hkwfe dk;zdky esa ifjorzu] d`"kd] 'kgjh dsunz] fldds,oa eqnzk,a( f kyi] Js.kh rfkk m ksx( {ks=h; Hkk"kkvksa] LFkkiR;dyk] fp=dyk rfkk ewfrzdyk dk mn;,oa fodkl ¼600 bz- & 1200 bz-½a bdkbz 3 % lyrur ¼1200 & 1550 bzloh½] jktuhfrd lajpuk( dqyhu 'kkld oxz] dsunzh; <k pk rfkk lsfud laxbu( bdrk( eaxksy vkøe.k dk Hk;( jktro ds fl)kura bdkbz 4 % lwqh er] HkfDr vkunksyu] ukfkiafkh] dchj] ukud rfkk lur ijeijka lyrurdkyhu LFkkiR;( lkfgr;a bdkbz 5 % lekt] vfkzo;olfkk rfkk jktuhfrd xbu% {ks=h; lunhkz esa & jktlfkku] fot;uxj rfkk nddu] nf{k.k Hkkjr ds fo ks"k lunhkz esa O;kikj,oa 'kgjhdj.ka lanhkz&xazfk % Sharma, R.S. : Aspects of political ideas and Institutions in Ancient India, New Delhi, : Indian Feudalism, New Delhi, : Perspectives in Social and Economic History of Early India, Delhi, : Shudras in Ancient India, Delhi, Veluthat, Kesavan : The Political Structure of Early Medieval South India, Delhi, Raychaudhuri, Thapar and Irfan Habib (eds) Cambridge Economic History of India, Vol. I. c AD, Delhi, Alam, Muzaffar and Subramanyam, Sanjay(ed) The Mughal State. Ashraf, K.M. : Life and Conditions of the people of Hindustan ( AD), Delhi, Habib, M. : Politics and Society in Early Medieval period, Vol. I & II, Delhi, Habib, M. and : Comprehensive History of India, Vol. V (AD ), The Delhi Sultanate, Nizami, K.A. (ed) Delhi, Nizami, Khaliq A.: Religion and Politics and Thirteenth Century, Aligarh, Rizvi, S.A.A. : History of Sufism, Vol. I, Delhi, Satish Chandra : Historiography, Religion and State in Medieval India, Delhi, : Medieval India : From Sultanate to the Mughals, Part I : Delhi Sultanate ( ) Delhi, jk/ks ;ke % e/;dkyhu Hkkjr dh lkald`frd lajpuka /ku ;ke nÿk 'kekz Jhjke 'kekz v kjq] ds-,e- lrh k panz % e/;dkyhu Hkkjrh; lkekftd,oa vkffkzd lalfkk, A % eqxy 'kkldksa dh /kkfezd uhfra % fgunqlrku ds yksxksa dk thou o ifjflfkfr;k A % mÿkj eqxydkyhu HkkjrA

8 PAPER III THE RISE OF THE MODERN WEST (MID 15 TH 18 TH CENTURY AD). Unit 1 Renaissance : its social roots; humanism and its spread in Europe and impact on art. Reformation : Origins; causes and results; the Thirty years War and its significance. Unit 2 European State system : Spain, France, England & Russia. Colonial expansion; Motives; Voyages, explorations and early colonial empires of Portugal and Spain; Commercial revolution. Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5 Crisis in Europe in the 17 th Century : economic, social and political dimensions. The Glorious Revolution (1688) : social; political and intellectual causes. Scientific revolution upto the 18 th Century. Mercantilism and European economies : 17 th and 18 th Centuries. American War of Independence : Causes and Significance. European political patterns in the 18 th century : parliamentary, monarchy and patterns of absolutism in Europe. The Industrial Revolution - Causes and results. Capitalism: problems and theories. Suggested Readings: Anderson, M.S. : Europe in the Eighteenth Century, Longman, Andrews, Stuart : Eighteenth Century Europe. Davis, Ralph : The Rise of Atlantic Economics, Cornell University Press, Elton, G.R. : Reformation Europe, Gilmore, M.P. : The World of Humanism, (Green, 1983). Hale, J.R. : Renaissance Europe, California, Hill, Christopher : A Century of Revolutions, Norton, Koenigsburger, H.G. and G.L. Mosse : Europe in the Sixteenth Century, Longman, Lee, Stephen J. : Aspects of European History, Mathias, Peter : First Industrial Revolution, London, Owie, L.W. : Seventeenth Century Europe. Parry, I.H. : The Age of Rennaissance, London, Pennington, D.H. : Seventeenth Century Europe, Longman, Polisensky, J.V. : War and Society in Europe, , Cambridge, Robb, Theodore K. : The Struggle for Stability in Early Modern Europe, (OUP, 1975). Rise, F. : The Foundations of Early Modern Europe, London, The Cambridge Economic History of Europe, Vols. I, IV, Cambridge, The New Cambridge Modern History of Europe, Vols. I, VII, Cambridge, nsoukjk;.k vklksik¼laik½% fo o dk bfrgkl] t;iqj] 'kekz o O;kl % if peh fo o dk bfrgkl] t;iqja ikfkzlkjfkh xqirk % vk/kqfud if pe dk bfrgkl] fnyyha

9 r`rh; iz u i= vk/kqfud if pe dk mn; ¼15oha & 18oha 'krkcnh ds e/;½ bdkbz 1 % iqutkzxj.k % lkekftd tm+sa] ekuookn rfkk ;wjksi esa izlkj,oa dyk ij izhkkoa /kez lq/kkj vkunksyu % mn;] dkj.k,oa ifj.kke] rhl o"khz; ;q) rfkk bldk egroa bdkbz 2 % ;wjksih; jkt; O;oLFkk % Lisu] Ýakl] baxys.m rfkk :l A vksifuosf kd folrkj% mìs ;] ;k=k,a vksj vuos"k.k],oa iqrzxky,oa Lisu ds vkjfehkd vksifuosf kd lkezkt; A okf.kft;d ØkfUrA bdkbz 3 % 17oha 'krkcnh esa ;wjksi esa ladv % vkffkzd] lkekftd rfkk jktuhfrd vk;kea xksjoiw.kz ØkfUr ¼1688½ % lkekftd] jktuhfrd rfkk cksf)d dkj.ka bdkbz 4 % 18oha 'krkcnh rd dh oskkfud ØkfUrA 17oha rfkk 18oha 'krkcnh esa ;wjksih; okf.kt;okn rfkk ;wjksih; vfkzo;olfkka vesfjdk dk Lora=rk laxzke % dkj.k rfkk egroa bdkbz 5 % 18oha 'krkcnh esa ;wjksih; jktuhfrd izfr:i % lalnh;] jktra= rfkk ;wjksi esa fujis{kokn dh i)fr;kaa vks ksfxd ØkfUr % dkj.k,oa ifj.kkea iawthokn % lel;k,a,oa fl)kura lanhkz&xazfk % Anderson, M.S. : Europe in the Eighteenth Century, Longman, Andrews, Stuart : Eighteenth Century Europe. Davis, Ralph : The Rise of Atlantic Economics, Cornell University Press, Elton, G.R. : Reformation Europe, Gilmore, M.P. : The World of Humanism, (Green, 1983). Hale, J.R. : Renaissance Europe, California, Hill, Christopher : A Century of Revolutions, Norton, Koenigsburger, H.G. and G.L. Mosse : Europe in the Sixteenth Century, Longman, Lee, Stephen J. : Aspects of European History, Mathias, Peter : First Industrial Revolution, London, Owie, L.W. : Seventeenth Century Europe. Parry, I.H. : The Age of Rennaissance, London, Pennington, D.H. : Seventeenth Century Europe, Longman, Polisensky, J.V. : War and Society in Europe, , Cambridge, Robb, Theodore K. : The Struggle for Stability in Early Modern Europe, (OUP, 1975). Rise, F. : The Foundations of Early Modern Europe, London, The Cambridge Economic History of Europe, Vols. I, IV, Cambridge, The New Cambridge Modern History of Europe, Vols. I, VII, Cambridge, nsoukjk;.k vklksik¼laik½% fo o dk bfrgkl] t;iqj] 'kekz o O;kl % if peh fo o dk bfrgkl] t;iqja ikfkzlkjfkh xqirk % vk/kqfud if pe dk bfrgkl] fnyyha

10 Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5 PAPER IV HISTORY OF MODERN EUROPE C. AD French Revolution : Causes and Results.. Napoleon Bonaparte : Conquests, Continental System, Administrative reforms. Congress of Vienna : Settlements and their criticism. Era of Congress : Concert of Europe. Metternich System and its failure. Revolutions : 1830 and 1848, their impact. Rise of Nationalism : Unification of Italy and Germany. Post 1870 Europe: State and Church with special reference to Germany, Italy and France. State and Socialists : Germany, France and Russia. Democracy in England. Imperialism : Scramble for Asia and Africa. European Diplomacy in Pre War period: Triple Alliance and Triple Entente. Eastern Question: Berlin Settlement. Factors leading to the First World War and its results. Bolshevik Revolution : Causes and results. Europe between Two Wars: Paris Settlements and its criticism. Economic Crises, 1929 : Causes and impact Rise of Dictatorship : Italy and Germany Origin of Second World War, causes and results. U.N.O. Organisation. Suggested Readings: Cipolla, C.M. : Fontana Economic History of Europe, Vol. III, Harvesters,1976. Evans, J. : The Foundations of a Modern State in 19 th Century Europe. Hobsbawn, E.J. : Nation and Nationalism, Cambridge, : The Age of Revolution, NAI, Joll, James : Europe Since 1870 (Har Row, 1973). : Origins of the First World War, Longman, Lefebvre, George : Coming of the French Revolution, Princeton, Lucas, Colin : The French Revolution and the making of Modern Political Culture, Vol. 2, Pergamon, Lynn Hunt, LynnPolices: Culture and Class in the French Revolution, California, Mansergh, Nicholas: The Irish Question, Mathias, Peter : First Industrial Revolution, London, Morgan, K.O. : Oxford Illustrated History of Britain, Vol. 2 ( ) OUP, Porter, Andrew : European Imperialism, (1994). Riasanovsky, N.V. : A History of Russia (OUP,1984). Roberts, J.M. : Europe , Longman, Soboul, Albert : History of the French Revolution (in Two Volumes). Thompson, E.P. : Making of the English Working Class, Random, Vovelle, Michel : Fall of the French Monarchy, Cambridge, Watson, Seton : The Russian Empire, Oxford,1967. Wood, Anthony : History of Europe (1983) Woolf, Stuart : History of Italy, , London, nsosunz flag pksgku % ;wjksi dk bfrgkla nsoukjk;.k vklksik¼laik½% fo o dk bfrgkl] t;iqj] 2004 ywf.k;k] ch-,u- % vk/kqfud ik pkr; bfrgkl dh izeq[k /kkjk, & Hkkx izfke,oa f}rh;

11 prqfkz iz u i= vk/kqfud ;wjksi dk bfrgkl ¼1789&1945 bzloh½ bdkbz 1 % Ýkalhlh ØkfUr % dkj.k,oa ifj.kkea usiksfy;u cksukikvz % fot;sa] egk}hih; O;oLFkk,oa iz kklfud lq/kkja fo;uk dkaxzsl % O;oLFkk,oa mldh lekykspuka bdkbz 2 % dkaxzsl ;qx % ;wjksi dh la;qä O;oLFkk] esvjfu[k O;oLFkk rfkk mldh vlqyrka ØkfUr;ka % 1830 rfkk 1848] mudk izhkkoa jk"vªokn dk mn; % bvyh rfkk tezuh dk,dhdj.ka bdkbz 3 % 1870 ds ckn dk ;wjksi % tezuh] bvyh rfkk Ýakl ds fo ks k lunhkz easa jkt;,oa ppza jkt;,oa lektokn % tezuh] Ýakl rfkk :la baxys.m esa yksdra=a lkezkt;okn %,f k;k rfkk výhdk ds fy, izfrli/kkza bdkbz 4 % ;q) iwoz le;kof/k esa ;wjksih; dwvuhfr % f=i{kh; le>ksrk rfkk f=xqv ¼,rkar½ le>ksrka iwohz lel;k % cfyzu O;oLFkkA izfke fo o ;q) % dkj.k,oa ifj.kkea cksy ksfod ØkfUr % dkj.k,oa ifj.kkea bdkbz 5 % fo o ;q)ksa ds e/; dk ;wjksi % isfjl 'kkafr le>ksrk,oa bldh lekykspuka vkffkzd ladv] 1929 % dkj.k rfkk izhkkoa vf/kuk;dokn dk mn; % bvyh rfkk tezuha lanhkz&xazfk % f}rh; fo o ;q) dk mn~hko % dkj.k,oa ifj.kkea la;qdr jk"vª la?k % laxbua Cipolla, C.M. : Fontana Economic History of Europe, Vol. III, Harvesters,1976. Evans, J. : The Foundations of a Modern State in 19 th Century Europe. Hobsbawn, E.J. : Nation and Nationalism, Cambridge, : The Age of Revolution, NAI, Joll, James : Europe Since 1870 (Har Row, 1973). : Origins of the First World War, Longman, Lefebvre, George : Coming of the French Revolution, Princeton, Lucas, Colin : The French Revolution and the making of Modern Political Culture, Vol. 2, Pergamon, Lynn Hunt, LynnPolices: Culture and Class in the French Revolution, California, Mansergh, Nicholas: The Irish Question, Mathias, Peter : First Industrial Revolution, London, Morgan, K.O. : Oxford Illustrated History of Britain, Vol. 2 ( ) OUP, Porter, Andrew : European Imperialism, (1994). Riasanovsky, N.V. : A History of Russia (OUP,1984). Roberts, J.M. : Europe , Longman, Soboul, Albert : History of the French Revolution (in Two Volumes). Thompson, E.P. : Making of the English Working Class, Random, Vovelle, Michel : Fall of the French Monarchy, Cambridge, 1984.

12 Watson, Seton : The Russian Empire, Oxford,1967. Wood, Anthony : History of Europe (1983) Woolf, Stuart : History of Italy, , London, nsosunz flag pksgku % ;wjksi dk bfrgkla nsoukjk;.k vklksik¼laik½% fo o dk bfrgkl] t;iqj] 2004 ywf.k;k] ch-,u- % vk/kqfud ik pkr; bfrgkl dh izeq[k /kkjk, & Hkkx izfke,oa f}rh;

13 B.A. (HONS.) HISTORY PART II EXAMINATION-2016 Paper I Paper II Paper III Paper IV Duration of each paper 100 Marks 100 Marks 100 Marks 100 Marks 3 Hours Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 PAPER I HISTORY OF INDIA (c. A.D ) Historiography, different approaches: Sources Archeological and literary; Akbarnama, Tuzuk-e-Jahangiri, Padshahnama, Alamgirnama. Consolidation of Mughal Power Akbar to Aurangzeb, Rajput, Deccan and North-West Frontier Policy, Relations with Persia. Evolution of Administrative System: Central, Provincial and City Administration. Mansabdari and Jagir Land Revenue System. Internal and external trade. Unit 4 Religion and Society : Unit 5 Religious Policy of Mughals from Akbar to Aurangzeb, Mughal ruling class, village community and peasant, urban social structure. Art and Literature: Mughal architecture and Painting, Rajput Painting. Development of Literature. Decline of the Mughal Empire. Emergence of Successor States. Suggested Readings: Khan, A.R. : Chieftains in the Mughal Empire during the Reign of Akbar, Simla, Koch, Ebba : Mughal Architecture : An Outline of its History and Development, Munich, : Mughal Art and Imperial Ideology, Delhi, Kulkarni, A.R. : Maharashtra in the Age of Shivaji, Poona, Moosvi, Shireen : Economy of the Mughal Empire : A Statistical Study, Aligarh, Moreland, W.H. : From Akbar to Aurangzeb : A Study in Indian Economic History, Delhi, Mukhia, Harbans : Historians and Historiography during the Reign of Akbar, Delhi, Naqvi, H.K. : Urbanisation and Urban Centres under the Great Mughals, , Simla, Nizami, K.A. : Akbar and Religion, Delhi, Qureshi, I.H. : The Administration of the Mughal Empire, Delhi, Raychaudhuri, Tapan And Habib, Irfan (eds): Cambridge Economic History of India, Vols. I - X c-1750, Delhi, Richards, J.F.(ed.) : Power, Administration and Finance in Mughal India, Britain, : The Imperial Monetary System of Mughal India, Delhi, : New Cambridge History of India : The Mughal Empire, Delhi, : The Mughal Empire, Delhi, Verma, H.C. : Madhyakaleen Bharat, Delhi.

14 ch-,- ¼vkWulZ½ bfrgkl f}rh; o"kz & 2016 izfke iz u&i= f}rh; iz u&i= r`rh; iz u&i= prqfkz iz u&i= vof/k 100 vad 100 vad 100 vad 100 vad 3?k.Vs izfke iz u i= Hkkjr dk bfrgkl ¼1550 bzloh ls 1750 bzloh rd ½ bdkbz 1 % bfrgkl ys[ku] fofhkuu vo/kkj.kk;sa] lzksr & iqjkrkfrod rfkk lkfgfr;d & vdcjukek] rqt+qd&,&tgk xhjh] ikn kkgukek] vkyexhjukeka bdkbz 2 % eqxy 'kfdr dk lqn`<h+dj.k & vdcj ls vksjaxtsc rd A jktiwr] nddu rfkk mùkj & if peh lhekur uhfr] Qkjl ds lkfk lecu/ka bdkbz 3 % iz kklfud O;oLFkk dk fodkl % dsunzh;] izkurh; rfkk uxj iz kklua eulcnkjh,oa tkxhj] Hkw jktlo O;oLFkkA vkurfjd,oa fons kh O;kikjA bdkbz 4 % /kez,oa lekt % vdcj ls vksjaxtsc rd eqxyksa dh /kkfezd uhfr % eqxy 'kkld oxz] xzke leqnk; rfkk d`"kd % uxjh; lkekftd lajpuka bdkbz 5 % dyk,oa lkfgr; % eqxy LFkkiR; rfkk fp=dyk] jktiwr fp=dyka lkfgr; dk fodkla eqxy lkezkt; dk irua izkurh; jkt;ksa dk mn~hkoa lanhkz&xazfk % Khan, A.R. : Chieftains in the Mughal Empire during the Reign of Akbar, Simla, Koch, Ebba : Mughal Architecture : An Outline of its History and Development, Munich, : Mughal Art and Imperial Ideology, Delhi, Kulkarni, A.R. : Maharashtra in the Age of Shivaji, Poona, Moosvi, Shireen : Economy of the Mughal Empire : A Statistical Study, Aligarh, Moreland, W.H. : From Akbar to Aurangzeb : A Study in Indian Economic History, Delhi, Mukhia, Harbans : Historians and Historiography during the Reign of Akbar, Delhi, Naqvi, H.K. : Urbanisation and Urban Centres under the Great Mughals, , Simla, Nizami, K.A. : Akbar and Religion, Delhi, Qureshi, I.H. : The Administration of the Mughal Empire, Delhi, Raychaudhuri, Tapan

15 And Habib, Irfan (eds): Cambridge Ec onomic History of India, Vols. I - X c-1750, Delhi, Richards, J.F.(ed.) : Power, Administration and Finance in Mughal India, Britain, : The Imperial Monetary System of Mughal India, Delhi, : New Cambridge History of India : The Mughal Empire, Delhi, : The Mughal Empire, Delhi, Verma, H.C. : Madhyakaleen Bharat, Delhi.

16 Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5 PAPER II HISTORY OF INDIA. (c. A.D ) Various approaches and interpretations of Modern Indian History, British influence and interference in Indian political system. Expansion and Consolidation of British rule with special reference to Bengal, Awadh, Mysore. Economy : Contemporary economy, Rural economy, Land revenue system. Urban economy Trade and Commerce. Survey of various phases of Industrial development and its impact. Society and Religion : Contemporary Social System and Life. Caste Consciousness and awareness. Attitudes towards women. Religious reforms movements with special reference to Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj, Missionary activities, Islamic Socio-religious reform movements. National Struggle: Impact of 1857, Survey of early Political activities. Indian National Congress upto Gandhian ideology and movements with reference to Non-Cooperation, Civil- Disobedience and Quit India Movement. Communal Politics. Constitutional Development : Early formation and administrative changes, Morley Minto reforms, Govt. of India reforms Act of 1919; Post 1919 constitutional problems, Govt. of India Act of 1935, Cripps Mission, Wavell Plan and Cabinet mission. Suggested Readings: Bipan Chandra : Communalism in Modern India, Delhi, : Nationalism and Colonialism in Modern India, Delhi, : Rise and growth of Economic Nationalism in India, Delhi, Chaudhuri,N : European Trade in India, Delhi, Raychowdhary, Tapan and Habib, Irfan (ed.)cambridge Economic History of India, Vol. I, Delhi, Desai, A.R. : Peasant Struggles in India, Delhi, : Social Background of Indian Nationalism, Mumbai, Fisher, M.H.(ed.) : Policies of the British Annexation of India , Delhi, Hardy, Peter : The Muslims of British India, Cambridge, Heimsath, Charles : Indian Nationalism and Hindu Social Reforms, Mumbai, Joshi, P.C.(ed.) : Rammohan Roy and the Process of Modernisation in India, Delhi, : Rebellion 1857, Kolkata, Nanda, B.R. : Mahatma Gandhi, Delhi,1968. Naoroji, Dadabhai : Poverty and Un-British Rule in India, London, Nehru, J.L. : An Autobiography, London, Panigrahi, D.N. (ed.) Economy, Society and Politics in Modern India, Delhi, Sarkar, Sumit, : Modern India, , Delhi, Shukla, R.L. (ed.) : Adhunik Bharat Ka Itihas, Delhi, 1998.

17 f}rh; iz u i= Hkkjr dk bfrgkl ¼1750 bzloh ls 1950 bzloh rd ½ bdkbz 1 % vk/kqfud Hkkjr ds bfrgkl dh fofhkuu vo/kkj.kk,a rfkk O;k[;k,a] Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd O;oLFkk esa fczfv k izhkko,oa glr{ksia caxky] vo/k rfkk eslwj ds fo ks"k lunhkz esa fczfv k 'kklu dk folrkj,oa lqn`<+hdj.ka bdkbz 2 % vfkzo;olfkk % ledkyhu vfkzo;olfkk] xzkeh.k vfkzo;olfkk] Hkw&jktLo O;oLFkkA 'kgjh vfkzo;olfkk & O;kikj,oa okf.kt;a vks ksfxd fodkl ds fofhkuu pj.kksa dk losz{k.k,oa mlds izhkkoa bdkbz 3 % lekt,oa /kez % ledkyhu lkekftd O;oLFkk,oa thoua tkrh; psruk,oa tkx:drk( efgykvksa ds izfr n`f"vdks.ka czã lekt] vk;z lekt rfkk fe kujh xfrfof/k;ksa ds fo ks"k lunhkz esa /kez lq/kkj vkunksyu] blyke /kez esas lekt,oa /kez lq/kkj vkunksyua bdkbz 4 % jk"vªh; la?k"kz % 1857 dk izhkko] izkjafhkd jktuhfrd xfrfof/k;ksa ds losz{k.ka 1920 rd Hkkjrh; jk"vªh; dk xzsl A xk /khoknh fopkj/kkjk rfkk vkunksyu & vlg;ksx vkunksyu] lfou; vokk vkunksyu rfkk Hkkjr NksM+ks vkunksyu ds lunhkz esaa lkeiznkf;d jktuhfra bdkbz 5 % laos/kkfud fodkl % izkjfehkd vk/kkj rfkk iz kklfud ifjorzu] eksysz&fe.vksa lq/kkj] Hkkjr ljdkj lq/kkj vf/kfu;e 1919( 1919 ds ckn dh laos/kkfud lel;k,a] Hkkjr ljdkj vf/kfu;e] 1935] føil fe ku] osoy ;kstuk rfkk dschusv fe kua lanhkz&xazfk % Bipan Chandra : Communalism in Modern India, Delhi, : Nationalism and Colonialism in Modern India, Delhi, : Rise and growth of Economic Nationalism in India, Delhi, Chaudhuri,N : European Trade in India, Delhi, Raychowdhary, Tapan and Habib, Irfan (ed.)cambridge Economic History of India, Vol. I, Delhi, Desai, A.R. : Peasant Struggles in India, Delhi, : Social Background of Indian Nationalism, Mumbai, Fisher, M.H.(ed.) : Policies of the British Annexation of India , Delhi, Hardy, Peter : The Muslims of British India, Cambridge, Heimsath, Charles : Indian Nationalism and Hindu Social Reforms, Mumbai, Joshi, P.C.(ed.) : Rammohan Roy and the Process of Modernisation in India, Delhi, : Rebellion 1857, Kolkata, Nanda, B.R. : Mahatma Gandhi, Delhi,1968. Naoroji, Dadabhai : Poverty and Un-British Rule in India, London, Nehru, J.L. : An Autobiography, London, Panigrahi, D.N. (ed.) Economy, Society and Politics in Modern India, Delhi, Sarkar, Sumit, : Modern India, , Delhi, 1985.

18 Shukla, R.L. (ed.) : Adhunik Bharat Ka Itihas, Delhi, 1998.

19 PAPER III HISTORY OF U.S.A. (c. A.D ) Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5 American Revolution : Colonial background; sources of conflict; revolutionary groups and ideological basis; War of Independence its nature and significance. Making of the Constitution : issues, nature and significance. Evolution of American democracy : Jeffersonianism and Jacksonianism; Political parties 1840 to 1860; role of Judiciary, Monroe doctrine and Turner s thesis of expansion of frontier and limitations of the American democratic system. Sectional conflict and Civil War : basis of conflict; slave society and resistance; abolitionism and sectionalism; Civil war issues and interpretations and Lincoln s role in the war and emancipation of slavery. Reconstruction Varieties Presidential, Radical and Congressional plans; the emergence of New South. Economic Change : growth of capitalism and big business; labour movements and unionization; changes in agriculture and population. Progressive era : Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson. Emergence of USA as an imperial power; Spanish American War; World War I and Fourteen Points. America between the two world wars : economic depression and the New Deal; Black and Women s movements; Entry into the World War II and its consequences. Suggested Readings: Beard, Charles : An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution of the United States, Faulkner, U : Economic History of the United States of America. Foner, Eric : America s Black Past. Franklin, John Hope : From Slavery to Freedom, Knopt, Hicks, John D. : The Federal Union : A History of USA Since Kanshik, R.P. : Significant Themes in American History, Delhi, Kerber, Linda : Women s America :Refocusing the Past, OUP, Pratt, W. : A History of the United State Foreign Policy. Randall, James, at al : The Civil War and Reconstruction, Sellers, Charlels, Henry May and Neil Macmillan: A Synopsis of American History, 2 vols. (Delhi Macmillian). Shihan, Donald : The Making of American History : The Emergence of a Nation, Vol. I & II. Tripathi and Tiwari, SC : Themes and Perspectives in American History. Turner, Fredrick, Jackson : The Frontier in American History, (Kriegor), ekfkqj] ch-,l- % vesfjdk dk bfrgkla usfoul o dkesxj % la;qä jkt; vesfjdk dk bfrgkla ldlsuk] cukjlh izlkn % vesfjdk dk bfrgkla

20 r`rh; iz u i= la;qdr jkt; vesfjdk dk bfrgkl ¼1776 & 1945 bz-½ bdkbz 1 % vesfjdh ØkfUr % vksifuosf kd i`"bhkwfe % fookn ds lzksr] ØkfUrdkjh lewg rfkk vkn kzoknh vk/kkj( Lora=rk laxzke & izd`fr rfkk egro] lafo/kku dk fuekz.k & eqìs] izd`fr vksj egroa bdkbz 2 % vesfjdh yksdra= dk fodkl % tsqjluokn rfkk tsdluokn( 1840 ls 1860 ds e/; jktuhfrd ny] U;k;ikfydk dh Hkwfedk] equjks fl)kur vksj lhekur folrkj ds fy, VuZj dk fl)kur] vesfjdh yksdrkaf=d O;oLFkk dh lhek,aa bdkbz 3 % oxz la?k"kz,oa x`g ;q) % fookn dk vk/kkj( nkl lekt rfkk izfrjks/k( nklrk muewyuokn vksj xqvcunh x`g;q) & eqn~ns] O;k[;k,a rfkk ;q),oa nklro muewyu esa fyadu dh HkwfedkA bdkbz 4 % iqufuzekz.k fofo/krk,a & jk"vªifr ;kstuk] vfroknh ;kstuk rfkk dk xzsl dh ;kstuk, ( uohu nf{k.k dk mn~hkoa vkffkzd ifjorzu % iw thokn rfkk o`gn O;kikj dk fodkl] Jfed vkanksyu vksj la?kokn( d`f"k,oa tula[;k easa ifjorzu A bdkbz 5 % izxfr khy ;qx % ffk;ksmksj :tosyv rfkk oqmjks foylua lkezkt;oknh 'kfdr ds :i esa la;qdr jkt; vesfjdk dk mn~hko] Lisu & vesfjdk ;q)( izfke fo o;q) rfkk 14 fl)kura nks fo o;q)ksa ds e/; vesfjdk % vkffkzd eanh rfkk U;w Mhy ¼le>kSrk½ uhfr( v osr rfkk efgyk vkunksyu( f}rh; fo o ;q) esa izos k rfkk blds ifj.kkea lanhkz&xazfk % Beard, Charles : An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution of the United States, Faulkner, U : Economic History of the United States of America. Foner, Eric : America s Black Past. Franklin, John Hope : From Slavery to Freedom, Knopt, Hicks, John D. : The Federal Union : A History of USA Since Kanshik, R.P. : Significant Themes in American History, Delhi, Kerber, Linda : Women s America :Refocusing the Past, OUP, Pratt, W. : A History of the United State Foreign Policy. Randall, James, at al : The Civil War and Reconstruction, Sellers, Charlels, Henry May and Neil Macmillan: A Synopsis of American History, 2 vols. (Delhi Macmillian). Shihan, Donald : The Making of American History : The Emergence of a Nation, Vol. I & II. Tripathi and Tiwari, SC : Themes and Perspectives in American History. Turner, Fredrick, Jackson : The Frontier in American History, (Kriegor), ekfkqj] ch-,l- % vesfjdk dk bfrgkla usfoul o dkesxj % la;qä jkt; vesfjdk dk bfrgkla

21 ldlsuk] cukjlh izlkn % vesfjdk dk bfrgkla

22 Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 PAPER IV HISTORY OF CHINA AND JAPAN. c. A.D China and Imperialism during the 19 th Century : Chinese society social groups and classes; Confucian value system; Sinocentrism; Canton commercial system. Opium wars; treaties with imperialists. Open Door Policy. Popular and reform movements : Taiping; Self-strengthening and reforms in the Chinese State 1860 to Emergence of Nationalism in China : Boxer rebellion and its consequences, Reforms of Revolution of Sun Yat Sen principles and politics; emergence of the republic and Yuan-Shi-Kai; War-lordism New intellectual ideas and May Fourth Movement its nature and significance. Nationalism and Communism in China : Political Crisis in the 1920 s; Nature of industrialisation and changing social structure; KMT and the First United front. Communist movement : ; rise of Mao Tse Tung; making of the Red army; the Second United front; Civil War; Chinese Revolution ideology, causes and significance. Japan Meiji Restoration : Tokugawa Baku-han system nature and crisis; encounter with the West; processes of modernization Social, military, political and economic. Popular and democratic movements: Satsuma rebellion; popular rights movement. Unit 5 Emergence of Japan as an imperial power; Sino Japanese relations; Anglo-Japanese alliance; Russo-Japanese War and Manchurian Crisis. Democracy and Militarism : rise of political parties and failure of the democratic system; rise of militarism and second Sino-Japanese War. Japan and World War II its consequences. Suggested Readings: Akita, George: Foundation of the constitutional Government in Modern Japan, Harvard, Allen, George: A Short Economic History of Modern Japan , London, Beasley, W.G.: The Modern History of Japan, London, Beckmann, George M: Modernisation of China and Japan, Harper & Row, : The Making of the Meiji Constitution, (Greenwood, 1975) Chesnexus, Jean, et.al: China from Opium War to 1911 Revolution, 1976 (Sussex Harverter Press). : China from the 1911 Revolution to Liberation, (Khosla Publishing) Delhi, Chesnexus, Jean, et.al: Peasant Revolts in China , London, Hall, John, W.: Japan from Prehistory to Modern Times, 1971, Tokyo. Hane, Mikiso: Modern Japan : A Historical Survey, Westview, Jansen, M.B.: Japan and China : From War to Peace, , Chicago, The Cambridge History of Japan, Vol V & VI, Cambridge, OUP1988. Norman, E.H.: Japan s Emergence as a modern State, New York, Peffer, Nathaniel: The Far East : A Modern History. Sansom, George B.: The Western World and Japan, London, Schurmann, Franz and Orville Schell (ed): China Readings, 2 Vols., China fo kyadkj] lr;dsrq %,f k;k dk bfrgkla oekz] nhukukfk % vfecdk izlkn %,f k;k dk leiw.kz bfrgkla,f k;k dk bfrgkla

23 prqfkz iz u i= phu,oa tkiku dk bfrgkl ¼1839 & 1949 bz-½ bdkbz 1 bdkbz 2 bdkbz 3 % 19oha 'krkcnh esa phu rfkk lkezkt;okn( phuh lekt & lkekftd lewg rfkk oxz( du ;wf k;l n kzu( phuh /kzqohdj.k( dsuvu okf.kft;d O;oLFkk( vqhe ;q)( lkezkt;okfn;ksa ds lkfk lfu/k;ka( eqä }kj dh uhfr % yksdfiz; rfkk lq/kkj vkunksyu % rkbfiax( vkre&l kfdrdj.k rfkk phu esa 1860 ls 1898 ds e/; lq/kkj phu esa jk"vªokn dk mn; % ckwdlj fonzksg rfkk blds ifj.kke] 1901&08 ds lq/kkj 1911 dh ØkfUr( lu&;kr&lsu&fl)kur,oa jktuhfr( x.kjkt; dk mn; rfkk ;qvku& kh&dkbz( lsfud vf/kdkfj;ksa ¼ljnkjksa½ ds izhkqro dk ;qx & 1916&1928A uohu cksf)d fopkj rfkk 4 ebz dk vkunksyu & izd`fr,oa egro % phu esa jk"vªokn,oa lke;okn % 1920 ds n kd dk jktuhfrd ladv( vks ksfxdj.k dh izd`fr rfkk cnyrh gqbz lkekftd lajpuk( ds-,e-vh- rfkk izfke la;qdr la?k lke;oknh vkunksyu % 1928&1949( ekvks&rls&rqax dk mn;( yky lsuk dk fuekz.k % f}rh; la;qdr la?k( x`g&;q) ( phuh ØkfUr & fopkj/kkjk] dkj.k rfkk egroa bdkbz 4 % tkiku & esbzt+h iqulzfkkiuk % rksdqxkok ckdq&gku O;oLFkk & izd`fr,oa ladv( if pe ds lkfk la?k"kz(vk/kqfudhdj.k dh izfø;k,a & lkekftd] lsfud] jktuhfrd rfkk vkffkzda yksdfiz;,oa yksdrkaf=d vkunksyu % lrlqek fonzksg( yksdfiz; vf/kdkj vkunksyua bdkbz 5 lanhkz&xazfk % % lkezkt;oknh 'kfdr ds :i esa tkiku dk mn;( phu & tkiku lecu/k( vkaxy & tkiku le>ksrk( :l&tkiku ;q) rfkk eapwfj;k ladva yksdra= rfkk lsu;okn % jktuhfrd nyksa dk mn; rfkk yksdrkaf=d O;oLFkk dh vlqyrk( lsu;okn dk mn; rfkk f}rh; phu&tkiku ;q)( tkiku rfkk f}rh; fo o;q) & blds ifj.kkea Akita, George : Foundation of the constitutional Government in Modern Japan, Harvard, Allen, George : A Short Economic History of Modern Japan , London, Beasley, W.G. : The Modern History of Japan, London, Beckmann, George M: Modernisation of China and Japan, Harper & Row, : The Making of the Meiji Constitution, (Greenwood, 1975) Chesnexus, Jean, et.al: China from Opium War to 1911 Revolution, 1976 (Sussex Harverter Press). : China from the 1911 Revolution to Liberation, (Khosla Publishing) Delhi, Chesnexus, Jean, et.al: Peasant Revolts in China , London, Hall, John, W. : Japan from Prehistory to Modern Times, 1971, Tokyo. Hane, Mikiso : Modern Japan : A Historical Survey, Westview, Jansen, M.B. : Japan and China : From War to Peace, , Chicago, : The Cambridge History of Japan, Vol V & VI, Cambridge, OUP1988. Norman, E.H. : Japan s Emergence as a modern State, New York, Peffer, Nathaniel : The Far East : A Modern History. Sansom, George B.: The Western World and Japan, London, Schurmann, Franz and

24 Orville Schell (ed): China Readings, 2 Vols., China fo kyadkj] lr;dsrq %,f k;k dk bfrgkla oekz] nhukukfk %,f k;k dk leiw.kz bfrgkla vfecdk izlkn %,f k;k dk bfrgkla