MONITORING OF MEDIA DURING THE ELECTION CAMPAIGN 2013

Transcription

1 MONITORING OF MEDIA DURING THE ELECTION CAMPAIGN 2013 February, 2014

2 MONITORING OF MEDIA DURING THE ELECTION CAMPAIGN 2013

3 This publication was made possible through the generous support of the American People through the U.S. Agency for International Development. Opinions expressed in this publication are of Democracy in Action (DiA). Copyright All rights reserved. No part of this report can be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means without the prior permission of DiA. 2

4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION DETAILED FINDINGS DETAILED FINDINGS FOR TELEVISION... 6 Klan Kosova (TV Klan)... 6 Koha Vision (KTV)... 8 Radiotelevision 21 (RTV21) Radio-Television of Kosova 1 st channel (RTK1) DETAILED FINDINGS OF THE PRESS Bota Sot Epoka e Re Koha Ditore Kosova Sot Lajm Tribuna Zëri CONCLUSIONS SERBIAN LANGUAGE MEDIA INTRODUCTION SUMMARY OF FINDINGS MAIN FINDINGS State-owned media TV monitoring Printed (electronic) media Direct access Independent Media TV media Printed (electronic) media CONCLUSIONS

5 1. INTRODUCTION Last Local Elections held in Kosovo on Nobember 3d, 2013, were considered particularly important, not only due to the fact that for the first time they were organised across the whole territory of Kosovo, but also because they brought about change of power in the local governance in the majority of municipalities. It is also considered that these elections showed Kosovo citizens clear goal of electing more accountable, transparent local government which have concise and concrete objectives. A governance that would be more efficient and would resolve problems directly affecting the citizens. These election results have also brought to attention the need of having a media spectrum which has a clearer focus, which is more are more objective and balanced in covering the electoral campaign and which provide to political entities equal and adequate opportunities in order for the latter to covney their message to the electorate. This should especially be taken into account by media that are financed through public funds. However, the media scene in Kosovo does still not have the adequate level of readiness to comply with highest ethical, legal and professional standards, either on the regulation aspect or its practical functioning. This comes in place, especially when it comes to editorial independence and prevention of political interferences, that are key preconditions for a balanced and impartial coverage of the electoral campaign and the entire electoral process. For this purpose, Democracy in Action (DiA) took the initiative to monitor the media during the electoral campaign for the local election of 2013, in Kosovo. The focus of the monitoring was to provide an analysis based on empirical data for the coverage of Kosovo mediathe electoral campaign.for this matter, DiA has conducted regular and detailed monitoring of the work of major media in Kosovo through the official period of the pre-electoral campaign, through which it collected data on the space provided by the media to political entities, targeting specific media and different media categories. Taking into consideration the unusually big number of political entities and candidates that ran in these election, DiA selected to monitor only the major media in Kosovo. Besides the abovementioned, detailed and elaborated data are presented only related to the five main political entities, while the data for smaller political parties are presented in an aggragated and integrated manner. Lastly, DiA decided to select a limited number of media products which were monitored in a limited timeframe of the day. This report contains the findings collected during the monitoring of the media coverage during the electoral campaign. Hence, the report contains monitoring data for eleven (11) major media of the national level (four televisions and seven daily newspaper), as the following: 4

6 Klan Kosova television; Koha Vision (KTV); Radio-Television 21 (RTV21); Radio-Television of Kosovo Kanalit 1 (RTK1); Bota Sot Daily; Epoka e Re Daily; Koha Ditore Daily; Kosova Sot Daily; Lajm Daily; Tribuna Daily;and Zëri Daily. Furthermore, the data are summarised into four different categories of media products, that have contributed directly in the media campaign: Informative programmes broadcast in the selected televisions; TV clips of political entitied broadcast in the selected televisions; Informative articles published in the selected dailies; and Advertisements of political entitied published in the selected dailies. Based in the official period of the electoral campaign, the period that the media monitoring took place was through October 1 st to November 1 st 2013 and lasted 30 days. Within this on-month timeframe the monitoring of televisions took place on prime time more specifically from 4:45pm to 11:30pm. This means that the monitoring covered 6 hours and 45 minutres or 405 minutes on daily basis. As far as the coverage of the electoral campaign of informative programmes, eventhough all televised programmes broadcast in the prime time timeframe, for this purposes of this report only the finding of the central informative programmes have been taken into consideration, due to the fact that they are statistically representative of the space given to political entities in the frame of these media products. 5

7 2. DETAILED FINDINGS 2.1. Detailed findings for television Klan Kosova (TV Klan) Electoral campaign coverage in the televised reports of Klan Kosova s informative programmes As far as Klan Kosova is concerned, for the purpose of the report, the central informative programme has been selected, which is broadcast every day starting at 8pm more concretely the Elections Chronicle rubric. According to the data generated from the monitoring, in the scope of these chronichles, during one month of the electoral campaign, this television has broadcast reports covering electoral activities of many political entities, which for the purpose of this report are spread into six categories:,,, VV, AKR and Others (the latter includes Unification Movement, Justice Party, Strong Party, Democratic Party of Prizren, The Independents of Mitrovica, Citizens Initiative for Ferizaj, Serb Citizens Initiative, Albanian Demochristians Party of Kosova, Ashkali s Democratic Party, Citizens Initiative for Drenas, Socialdemocratic Party and Citizens Initiative for Malishevë). Overall, Klan TV has broadcast 223 informative reportages during our monitoring timeframe. This means that during one day approximately 7.44 reports have been broadcast. Electoral chronicles ( Klan Kosova) 14% 10% 9% 18% 25% 24% VVV Figure 1: Inclusionn of electorall campaign activities in the informative programmes of Klan Kosova The data of the monitoring show the following data: -: 55informativereports or 24.66%, -: 54 informative reports o24.22%, -: 39 informative reports o17.49%, -VV: 31 informative reports or 13.9%, -AKR: 21 informative reports or 9.42% and -Others: 23 informative reports or 10.31%. 6

8 Electoral campaign coverage on TV clips in Klan Kosova As for the TV clips of politicall entities broadcast in this television during the one- month electoral campaign before Electoral Day, the collected data show that this TV station has broadcast TV clips of the five main political entities: Democratic Party of Kosova (), Democratic League of Kosova (), Alliance New Kosova (AKR), Alliance for the Future of Kosova () and Vetëvendosje! Movement (VV). Overall, during the monitoring of our selected timeframe during one month of the campaign, this television has broadcast 731 TV clips, for which it had reserved 4.98 hours (or minutes, respectively 17,992 seconds). This meant that during one day, approximately 24 reports were broadcast, which took about 10 minutes overall within one day. As for the territorial distribution, besides those TV clips that were aimed at the voters in general all across the country, the majority of the TV clips, were targeting voters in 24 municipalities: Prishtina, Gjakova, Prizren, Pejë, Gjilan, Lipjan, Ferizaj, Suharekë, Podujevë, Malishevë, Vushtrri, Kaçanik, Shtime, Skenderaj, Istog, Junik, Rahovec, Drenas, Deçan, Viti, Kamenicë, Novobërdë, Obiliq and Mitrovicë. Advertisement clips ( Klan Kosova 12% 3% 36% 17% 32% AKR Figure 2: Reflection of advertising clips of political entities broadcast on Klan Kosova The monitoring data show the following reflection: -: 355 clips in total (with a duration of 1.79 hours, 6,435 seconds or minutes), -: 211 clips (in the duration of 1.6 hours, 5,761 seconds and minutes), -AKR: 73 clips (in the duration of about0.86 hours, 3,085 seconds or about minutes), -: 86 clips (in the duration of 0.62 hours, 2,239 seconds or about 37,32 minutes) and -VV: 6 clips (in the duration of about 0.13 hours, 472 sekondash or 7.87 minutes). 7

9 Koha Vision (KTV) Electoral campaign coverage programmes in the televised reports of Koha Vision informative As far as KTV is concerned, for the purpose of the report, the central informative programme has been selected, which is broadcast every day starting at 7pm, more concretely the Elections Chronicle rubric. According to the data generated from the monitoring, in the scope of these chronicles, during one month of the electoral campaign, this television has broadcast reports covering electoral activities of many political entities, which for the purpose of this report are spread into six categories:,,, VV, AKR and Others (the latter includes Unification Movement, Justice Party, Strong Party, Democratic Party of Prizren, The Independents of Mitrovica, Citizens Initiative for Ferizaj, Serb Citizens Initiative, Albanian Demochristians Party of Kosova, Ashkali s Democratic Party, Citizens Initiative for Drenas, Social democratic Party and Citizens Initiative for Malishevë, Vatra Movement, Democratic Alternative of Kosova, PSD Citizens Initiative in North Mitrovica, Independent Liberal Party and the independent candidates Adrijana Hodžić and Sali Salihu). Overall, during the one-month electoral campaign period, this television has broadcast 346 informative reports in total. This means that during one day, approximately reports were broadcast. Electoral chronicles (KTV) 12% 10% 28% Others 12% 19% 19% VV AKR Figure3: Political entities reflection on informative programmes of KTV The monitoring data for this television reflect the following: -: 65 informative reports in total or 18.79%, -: 64 informative reports or 18.5%, -VV: 42 informative reports or 12.14%, -AKR: 41 informative reports or 11.85%, -: 36 informative reports or 10.4% and -Others: 98 informative reports or 28.32%. 8

10 Electoral campaign cover on advertising spots on KTV As far as the advertising campaign of political parties is concerned, data collected thorugh monitoring shows that this TV station has broadcast the advertising clips of the following parties: Democratic League of Kosovo (), New Kosovo Alliance (AKR), Alliance for the Future of Kosovo (), Vetevendosje Movement (VV) and Democratic Party of Kosovo (). In general, during the one month long monitoring of the electoral campaign, within the monitoring time frame, this TV station has broadcast in total 511 advertising clips, for which 4.13 hours were set aside( or minutes or 14,806 seconds respectively). This means that during one single day, 17,04 of clips have been broadcast, taking in average 8.26 minutes of broadcast time per day. Advertisement clips (KTV) 8% 3% 2% 52% 35% AKR VV Graph4: Overview of the advertising clips of political parties broadcast by the KTV Station Monitoring data present the following details: -: 266 clips in total (of a duration of 2.14 hours or minutes or 7,688 seconds respectively), -AKR: 122 clips in total (of a duration of 1.45 hours or 87,,1 minutes or 5,226 seconds respectively), -: 106 clips in total (of a duration of 18,12 minutes, respectively 1,090 seconds), -VV: 6 clips in total (of a duration of 7.87 minutes in total, respectively 472 seconds) and -: 11 clips in total (of a duration of 5.5 minutes or 330 seconds). 9

11 Radiotelevision 21 (RTV21) Electoral campaign coverage in invormative programmes of RTV21 For the purpose of this report, in order to gather data for the coverage of electoral activities in Radio Television 21, the monitoring of the central informative programme 21 minutes, was chosen, respectively the Electoral Chronicle, broadcast every evening starting at 10pm. According to the monitoring data of the media coverage of the one-moth electoral campaign, this television has broadcast reports of the electoral activities of many political entities, which for the purpose of this report have been divided in six categories:,,, AKR, VV and others (the latter includes Unificationn Movement, Justice Party, Strong Party, Democratic Unity of Prizren, The Independents of Mitrovica, Civic Initiative for Ferizaj, Albanian Demochristian Party of Kosova, Civic Initiative for Drenas, Social-Democratic Party of Kosova, Civic Initiative for Malisheva, Vatra Movement, Democraticc Alternative of Kosova, PSD Civic Initiative for North Mitrovica, Independent Liberal Party, Ashkali Democratic Party of Kosova, Independent candidate Ylli Isufi, Social Democracy party in Graçanica, New Democratic Initiative of Kosova, Serbian People s Party and the Joint Future Civic Initiative of Vushtrri). Overall, during the one-month electoral campaign, in the timeframe of the monitoring, this television has broadcast 476informative reports. This means that within one day, approximately 15.87reports were broadcast. Electoral chronicles (RTV21) 11% 14% 26% 15% 18% 16% Others AKR VV Figure 5: Inclusion of activities of political entities in the informative programmes of RTV21 The data of the monitoring of this television show the following: -: 84 informative reports in total or 17.65%, -: 78 informative reports or 16.39%, -: 72 informative reports in total or 15.13%, -AKR: 66 informative reports in total or 13.86%, -VV: 52 informative reports in total or 10.92% %; and -Others: 124 informative reports in total or 26.05%. 10

12 Coverage of the electoral campaign in advertising clips of RTV21 As far as advertising clips are concerned, the data gathered during the monitoring show that, advertising clips of the following political entities have been broadcast: Democratic Party of Kosovo (), Alliance for the Future of Kosovo (), New Kosova Alliance (AKR), Democratic League of Kosova (), Demochristian Party for Integration (I) and Vetëvendosje!Movement (VV). Overall, during the one-month of the electoral campaign, in the timeframe covered by our monitoring, this television has broadcast 750 advertising clips in total, in the duration of about 5.77 hours (or minutes, respectively 20,7666 seconds). This means that within one day approximately 25 clips have been broadcast or about minutes in the scope of one day. Advertisement clips (RTV21) 5% 1% 1% 24% 37% 32% AKR I VV Figure 6: Division of advertising clips of political entities broadcasted in RTV 21 The monitoring data for this television show the following: -: 350 clips (in the duration of 2.12 hours, respectively minutes or 7,6000 seconds), -AKR: 171 clips in total (in the duration of hours, respectively minutes or 6,671 seconds), -: 149 clips in total (in the duration of about 1.4hours, respectively 84.1 minutes or 5,046 seconds), -: 72 clips in total (in the duration of about minutes, respectively 1,049 seconds), -I: 6 clips in total (in the duration of about 4.3 minutes or 258 seconds) and VV: 2 clips in total (in the duration of about 2.37 minutes respectively 142 seconds) ). 11

13 Radio-Television of Kosova 1 st channel (RTK1) Coverage of the electoral campaign in the reports of the informative programmes of RTK1 For the purpose of this report,, the monitoring of the central informative programme was chosen, respectively the Electoral Chronicle which is broadcast every evening starting at 7.30pm. According to the monitoring data of the media coverage of the one-month electoral campaign, this television has broadcast reports of the electoral activities of many political entities, which for the purpose of this report have been divided in six categories:,,, AKR, VV and others (the latter includes Unification Movement, Justice Party, Strong Party, Democratic Party of Prizren, Civic Initiatve for Ferizaj, Albanian Demochristian Party of Kosova, Civic Initiative for Drenas, Socialdemocratic Party, Civic Initiative for Malisheva, Vatra Movement, Democratic Alternative of Kosova, Ashkali Democraticc Party of Kosova and Balli Kombëtar). Overall, during the one-month electoral campaign, more precisely during our monitoring timeframe, this television has broadcast 455 informative reports. This means that within one day, approximately of them were broadcasted. Electoral chronicles (RTK1) 11% 12% 26% 13% 21% 17% VV Others AKR Figure 7: Coverage of electoral campaign activities of political entities in the informative programmes of RTK1 The data of the monitoring show the following: -: 119 informative reports in total or %, -: 96 informative reports in total or 21.1% %, -AK: 77 informative reports or 16.92%, -VV: 59 informative reports or 12.97%, -AKR: 51 informative reports or 11.21% and -Others: 53 informative reports or 11.65%. 12

14 Coverage of the electoral campaign in the advertising clips of RTK1 As far as the advertising clips of political entities of this television are concerned, during the one-month electoral campaign, the data gathered from the monitoring show that this television has broadcast advertising clips of the following political parties: Democratic Party of Kosova (), New Kosova Alliance (AKR), Democratic League of Kosova () and the Alliance for the Future of Kosova (). Overall, during the one-month of the electoral campaign, in the timeframe of our monitoring, this television has broadcast 1,011 advertising clips in total or 7.07 hours (or about minutes, respectively 25,470 seconds). This means that within one day approximately 33.7 clips were broadcast, or minutesin the scope of one day. Advertisement clips (RTK1) 9% 23% 40% 28% AKR Figure 8: Inclusion of advertising clips of political entities broadcasted in RTK1 The data of the monitoring of this television show that: -: 447clips (in the duration of 2.85 hours, respectively minutes or 10,245 seconds), -AKR: 187 clips (in the duration of 1,99 hours, respectively 119,67 minutes or 7,180 seconds), -: 200 clips in total (in the duration of 1, 61 hours, respectively 96, 92 minutes or 5,815 seconds) and -: 177 clips (in the duration of 37,17 minutes respectively 2,230 seconds). 13

15 2.2. Detailed findings of the presss Bota Sot Coverage of the electoral campaign in informative articles of Bota Sot daily As far as the coverage of the electoral campaign in informative articles published in daily Bota Sot,the data gathered through the monitoring show that, this daily has published articles related to electoral activities of a number of political entities, divided in nine categories: Democratic League of Kosova (), New Kosova Alliance (AKR), Alliance for the Future of Kosova (), Democratic Party of Kosova (), Vetëvendosje! Movement (VV), Unificationn Movement, Justice Party, Others and combined articles (through which activities of more than one political entity were reported on). Overall, during the one-month electoral campaign, this daily has published 499 informative articles on the activities of political entities. This means that during one day, approximately articles were published. Informative articles (Bot Sot) 11% 5% 3% 3% 1% 40% AKR 11% 11% 15% Others VV Figure 9: Informative articles published in daily Bota Sot Data gathered through the monitoring show the following: -: 119 articles in total or 39.88%, -AKR: 75 informative articles or 15.03%, -: 56 informative articles or 11.23%, -: 56 informative articles or 11.23%, -VV: 23 informative articles or 4.61%, -LB: 18 informative articles or 3.6%, -PD: 13 informative articles or 2.6%, -Others: 55 informative articles or 11.02% and -Combined: 4 informative articles or 0.8%. 14

16 Coverage of electoral campaign in advertisements of political parties published in Bota Sot According to the data of the monitoring, daily Bota Sot has published advertisements of only two political parties: Democratic League of Kosova () and Alliance for the Future of Kosova (). Furthermore, this daily has published 82 adverts or approximately 2.74 of them within one day. Electoral adverts (Bota Sot) 23% 77% Figure 10: Electoral advertisements of politicall parties in Bota Sot daily Data gathered during the monitoring of this daily, show the following: -: 63 adverts in total (76.83%) and -: 19 adverts in total (23.17%). Epoka e Re Coverage of the electoral campaign in informative articles of Epoka e Redaily As far as the coverage of the electoral campaign in informative articles published in daily Epoka e Re is concerned, data gathered through the monitoring show that, this daily has published articles related to the electoral activities of the following political entities, divided in 8 categories: Democratic Party of Kosova (), Alliance for the Future of Kosova (), Vetëvendosje! Movement(VV), New Kosova Alliance (AKR), Democratic League of Kosova, Justice Party, Unification Movement others. Overall, this daily has published 186 informative articles on the activities of the political parties in total. This means that during one day, approximately 6.2articles were published. 15

17 Informative articles (Epoka e Re) 9% 13% 8% 18% 13% Others 13% 13% 13% VV AKR Figure11: Informative articles published in Epoka e Redaily The data from the monitoring show the following: -:25informative articles or 13.45%, -:24informative articles or 12.9%, -VV: 24 informative articles or 12.9%, -AKR:24informative articles or 12.9%, -: 24informative articles or 12.9%, -PD: 16 informative articles or 8.6%, -LB: 15 informative articles or 8.06%; and -Others: 34 informative articles or 18.29%. Coverage of the electoral campaign in advertisements of political entities published in Epoka e Re According to the monitoring data, daily Epoka e Rehas published advertisementss of three political entities: Democratic Party of Kosova (), Democratic League of Kosova () and Alliance for the Future of Kosova (). Furthermore, this daily has published 192 adverts in total, or 6.4 within one day. Electoral adverts (Epoka e Re) 11% 14% 76% Figure12: Electoral adverts of political entities published in Epoka e Re daily 16

18 Data from the monitoring of this daily show that: -: 146 adverts in total (76.04%), -: 24 adverts in total (12.5%), and -: 22adverts (11.46%). Koha Ditore Coverage of the electoral campaign in informative articles of Koha Ditore daily According to the monitoring data, daily Epoka e Rehas published advertisementss of three political entities: Democratic Party of Kosova (), Democratic League of Kosova () Vetëvendosje! Movement, Justice Party, Others and Combined articles (through which electoral activities of more than one political party). Overall, during the one-month period of the electoral campaign, this daily has published 301 informative articles on the activities of the political parties in total. This means that during one day, approximately 10.4 articles were published. Informative articles (Koha Ditore) 9% 7% 6% 9% 9% 5% 10% 34% 11% Others VV AKR Combined LB PD Figure13: Informative articles published in Koha Ditore daily The monitoring data for this newspaper show the following: -: 32 informative articles in total or 10.63%, -: 30 informative articles in total or 9.97%, -: 28 informative articles or 9.3%, -VV: 28 informative articles or 9.3%, -AKR: 27 informative articles or 8.97%, -LB: 19 informative articles or 6.32%, -PD: 13 informative articles or 4.32%, -Others:102informative articles or 33.88% and -Combined: 22informative articles or 7.31%. 17

19 Coverage of the electoral campaign in advertisements Ditore daily of political parties in Koha According to the monitoring data, daily Koha Ditore, has published advertisementss of three political entities: Democratic League of Kosova (), Alliance for the Future of Kosova () and Democratic Party of Kosova (). Daily Koha Ditore has published 45 such adverts in total, or 1.5 within one day Electoral adverts (Koha Ditore) 9% 27% 64% Figure14: Electoral adverts of political entities published in Koha Ditore daily Monitoring data for this daily reflect the following division: -: 29adverts (64.44%), -: 12adverts (26.67%) and -: 4 adverts (8.89%). Kosova Sot Coverage of the electoral campaign in informative articles of Kosova Sot daily As per the coverage of the electoral campaign in informative articles published in Kosova Sot daily the data gathered through our monitoring shows thatt this newspaper has published articles related to the electoral activities of many political parties, divided in nine (9) categories: Alliance for the Future of Kosova (), Democratic Party of Kosova (), Democratic League of Kosova (), Vetëvendosje! (VV), New Kosova Alliance (AKR), Unification Movement, Justice Party, Others and Combined articles (through which activities of more than political entity have been depicted). Overall, during the one-month long electoral campaign, this newspaper has published 229 articles in total related to electoral activities of political entities. This means that, during one day, approximately 7.64 articles have been published. 18

20 Informative articles (Kosova Sot) 12% 13% 7% 1%1% 25% 13% 13% 15% Combined VV AKR Others LB PD Figure15: Informative articles published in Kosova Sot daily The data from the monitoring show the following: - : 34 informative articles in total or 14.85%, - : 31 informative articles or 13.54%, - : 29 informative articles or 12.66%, - VV: 29 articles in total or 12.66%, - AKR: 27 informative articles or 11.79%, - LB: 3 informative articles or 1.31, - PD:2 informative articles or 0..87%, - Others: 16 informative articles or 6.99% and - Combined: 58 informative articles or 25.33%. Coverage of the advertising campaign of political subjects published in the newspaper Kosova Sot. Data generated through the monitoring show that Kosova Sot daily has published advertisements of only the political entities: Alliance for the Future of Kosova (), Democratic Party of Kosova () and Vetëvendosje Movement (VV). This newspaper has published 33 adverts in total, which meant that approximately 1.1. Of them were published within one day. Electoral adverts (Kosova Sot) 27% 33% 40% VV Figure 16: Political entities electoral clips published in Kosova Sot daily 19

21 The data from the monitoring show the following results: - : :13adverts in total (39.39%), - : 11adverts in total (33.34%) and - VV: 9 adverts (27.27%). Lajm Coverage of the electoral campaign in informative articles of Lajm daily newspaper As per the coverage of the electoral campaign in informative articles published in Lajm daily newspaper, the data gathered through our monitoring shows that this newspaper has published articles related to the electoral activities of many political parties, divided in seven (7) categories: Alliance for the Future of Kosova (), Democratic Party of Kosova (), Democratic League of Kosova (), Vetëvendosje! (VV), New Kosova Alliance (AKR), Unificationn Movement, and Others Overall, this newspaper has published 281 articles in total related to electoral activities of political entities. This means that, during one day, approximately 9.37 articles have been published. Informative articles (Lajm) 19% 5% 2% 2% 2% 0% 70% VV AKR Others LB Figure17: informative articles published in daily newspaper Lajm The monitoring data show the following results: - : 197informative articles or 70.11%, - : 54 informative articles or 19.21%, - VV: 14 informative articles or 4.98%, - AKR: 5 informative articles or 1.78%, - : 5 informative articles or 1.78%, - LB: only one informative article or0.36%; and - Others: 5 informative articles or 1.78%. 20

22 Coverage of advertisements of political entities published in Lajm daily newspaper As per the data generated during the monitoring, daily Lajm during the one-month electoral campaign before Election Day, has published advertisements of three political entities only: Democratic Party of Kosovo (), Alliance for the Future of Kosovo () and New Kosova Alliance (AKR). This daily has published 233 overall, whichh bring the number of adverts published daily on approximately 7.77 of them. Electoral adverts (Lajm) 6% 9% 85% AKR Figure18: Electoral clips of political entitities published in Lajm daily newspaper The monitoring data show the following results for this newspaper: - : 199adverts in total (85.41%), - : 20 adverts (8.58%) and - AKR: 14 adverts in total (6.01%). Tribuna Electoral campaign coverage in informative articles of Tribuna newspaper As per the coverage of the electoral campaign in informative articles published in Tribuna daily newspaper, the data gathered through our monitoring shows that this newspaper has published articles related to the electoral activities of many political parties, divided in eight (8) categories: Alliance for the Future of Kosova (), Democratic Party of Kosova (), Democratic League of Kosova (), Vetëvendosje! (VV), New Kosova Alliance (AKR), Unificationn Movement, Justice Party and Others Overall, during the one-month long electoral campaign, this newspaper has published 322 articles in total related to electoral activities of political entities. This means that, during one day, approximately articles have been published. 21

23 Informative articles (Tribuna) 13% 13% 7% 5% 20% 14% Others 14% 14% AKR VV LB Figure 19: Informative articles published in daily Tribuna The monitoring data reflect the following division: - : :46 informative articles or 14.29%, - : :46 informative articles or 14.29%, - : 44 informative articles or 13.66%, - AKR: 42 informative articles or 13.04%, - VV: 40 informative articles or %, - LB: 23 informative articles or 7.14%, - PD:16 informative articles or 4.97% and - Others: 65 informative articles or 20.19%. Coverage of the electoral campaign in advertisements of political entities published in daily Tribuna As per the data generated during the monitoring, daily Tribuna during the one-month electoral campaign before Election Day, has published advertisements of three political entities only: Democratic Party of Kosovo (), Alliance for the Future of Kosovo () and New Kosova Alliance (AKR). This dialy has published 54 adverts overall, which brings the number of adverts published daily on approximately 1.8 adverts per day. Electoral adverts (Tribuna) 6% 17% 37% 20% 20% AKR VV Graphic 20: Political entities electoral advertisements published in daily Tribuna 22

24 The generated data extracted from our monitoring show the following division: - : :20adverts in total (37.0%), - : 11 adverts in total (20.37%), - : 11 adverts (20.37%) - AKR: 9 adverts (16.67%) and - VV:3 ads (5.55%).. Zëri Electoral campaign coverage in informative articles of Zëri, newspaper As per the coverage of the electoral campaign in informative articles published in Zëri, daily newspaper, the data gathered through our monitoring shows that this newspaper has published articles related to the electoral activities of many political parties, divided in eight (8) categories: Alliance for the Future of Kosova (), Democratic Party of Kosova (), Democratic League of Kosova (), Vetëvendosje! (VV), New Kosova Alliance (AKR), Unificationn Movement, Justice Party and Others Overall, during the one-month long electoral campaign, this newspaper has published 463 articles in total related to electoral activities of political entities. This means that, during one day, approximately articles have been published. 7% 13% 13% Informative articles (Zëri) 5% 20% 14% 14% 14% Others AKR Grafiku 21: Informative articles published in daily Zëri The monitoring data show the following: - : 82 informative articles in total or 17.71%, - : 77 informative articles or 16.63%, - AKR: 65 informative articles or 14.04%, - : 64 informative articles or 13.82%, - VV: 53 informative articles or 11.45%, - LB: 18 informative articles or 3.89%, - PD: 18 informative articles or 3.89% dhe - Others: 86 articles in total or 18.57%. 23

25 Electoral campaign coverage in political entities advertisements in daily Zëri According to the monitoring data, daily Zëri during the electoral campaign period has published advertisements of four political entities: Democratic League of Kosova (), Alliance for the Future of Kosova (), Democratic Party of Kosova () and Vetëvendosje!Movement (VV). This daily has published 104 such adverts and approximately 3.47 adverts on daily basis. Electoral adverts (Zëri) 4% 27% 69% Figure 22: Adverts of political entities published in daily Zëri The monitoring data show the following: - : 72 adverts in total (69.23%), - : 28 adverts (26.92%)and - : 4 adverts (3.85%). 24

26 3. CONCLUSI IONS This report is a summary of the findings during the monitoring of media coverage, national televisions and daily newspapers of the electoral campaign for the local elections of November 3 rd in Kosovo. For this purpose, this report includes data from the monitoring of 11 biggest media in the national level, respectively 4 televisions and seven daily newspapers. Being more specific, this report includes the findings from monitoring the reporting of electoral activity in the informative program of each TV channel and also the advertising spots of the political subjects broadcast from each TV channel during the assigned timeframe to be monitored. In this report there is also a summary of all the findings of monitoring of two different categories of products published in the daily newspapers monitored, more precisely informative articles and advertisement of political subjects published in each one of them. Finally, this report includes a reflection from the above mentioned media of the electoral activity of five political subjects; Democratic Party, The alliance for the future of Kosovo, Vetevendosje Movement. This ordering of the political partiesreflects the positioning according to the space given to each one of this five subjects in all the media on the basis of each media product included in the monitoring process. Televisions According to the data on the reflection of electoral activity of political subjects in all electronic media Televisions monitored through their informative programs, show that the two biggest parties with a total of 294 informative chronicles and with a total of 287 informative chronicles and all other small subjects together with a total of 298 informative chronicles except,akr and VV were given almost equal space in this category.(around19% each). Electoral chronicles (all televisions) Të tjera % % % % VV % AKR % Graphic 23: Graphic the reflection of activities of electoral campaign of all political subjects in informative chronicles in the monitored alll together. 25

27 The fourth in the scale is (with a total of 258 informative chronicles or around 17% ) followed by VV (with a total of 184,or more than 12 %) and AKR with a total of 179 or less than 12%). Along the period of one month of electoral campaign that was monitored, all the four televisions broadcast 1,500 electoral chronicles covering the activity of politicall subjects during the campaign. On the other hand, monitoring of advertisement spots transmitted during the one month of campaign shows inequalities between the political subjects, regarding the number of TV spots the time for each subject seems to be equal same as the time delivered for the informative chronicles. Talking about the number of spots on the top is (with a total of 1,163 spots around 39 %)followed by (with 726 spots around more than 27%) AKR (with AKR (with a number of 553 spots or more Than 18%) (with a total of 441 spots or around 14%) and VV(with a total of 14 TV spots or lesss than 1%). Time space for advertisement spots (all televisions) 24,610s 31.24% 24,310s 30.86% AKR 22,162s 28.13% 6,608s 8.39% VVV 1,086s 0.47% Graphic 24: Reflection of the TV spotss of the political subjects transmitted in all the televisions that were monitored.- based on the number of spots During one month of campaign that was monitored all the four televisions transmitted 2997 advertising TV spots of political parties during this elections. Advertisement spots broadcast (all televisions) 15% 0% 1,163 39% 18% % AKR Graphic 25: Reflection of the TV spots of political subjects transmitted in all monitored Televisions- based on the time lasting. 26

28 Regarding the allocated time for broadcasting this advertising spots, the data s show that more time was given to,31% of the broadcasting time(around 6,84 hours, around 410,17 minutes or 24,310 seconds).second comes, with less than 30%(around 6,75 hours, around 405,17 minutes or 24,310 seconds),followed by AKR with around 28%(around 6,16 hours, around 369,37 minutes or 22,162 seconds) and,with around 8%(around 1,84 hours, around 110,14 minutes or 6,608 seconds) and the last is VV,with only 1%(around 18,1 minutes or 1,086 seconds). During the period of a month of campaign during the monitoring the 4 televisions all together shared a total of 21,88 hours or 1,,312,94 minutes (78,776 seconds)time for broadcasting the advertising spots of the political subjects for this local elections. NEWSPAPERS The data regardingg the political activity of the political subjects on all printed media show that the total of the articles dedicated to the campaign of all other subjects excluding the five biggest ones (with a total of 622 articles or around 28%) are leading, second comes (with a total of 472 articles or more than 21%) than (with a total of 328 articles published or less than 15%) (with 303 articles less than 14%),AKR (with 265 articles published around 12%)and VV(with 211 articles around 9%). Informative Articles (all newspapers) Të tjera % % % % AKR % VV % Graphic 26: Reflection of all informative articles published in all monitored newspapers During one month of electoral campaign thatt was monitored all the seven newspapers that were monitored all together published a total of 2201 articles that reflected the political activity of the subject regarding this elections 27

29 Informative articles (all newspapers) % % % AKR % VV % Graphic 27: Reflection of all advertisements of political subjects published in all monitored newspapers Talking about the advertisements of the political subjects published on all monitored newspapers the findings show that is the leader regarding this product with more than 50%(with a total of 375 advertisement ts published in seven daily newspapers) followed by with around 27%( 199 advertisements published), with 14%(around 106 advertisements published) than AKR with lesss than 7% (51 advertisements) and the last VV with 1,62%( 12 published advertisements in this newspapers). During the electoral campaign in one month of monitoring, seven monitored newspapers altogether published 743 ads of political subjects that were running in the local elections of November 3 rd. 28

30 4. SERBIAN LANGUAGE MEDIA 4.1. Introduction The report sums up the findings of the media monitoring of the local election coverage in the Serbian media from October 3 to November 3, The monitoring used quantitative and qualitative methods for analysis, basing on the amount of air time and printed space given to election-related issues, as well as assessment of the manner in which various monitored subjects were represented in 9 media, including the national state-owned TV and Internet resources, regional TV stations and both the state-owned and independent press. The monitoring aimed to: assess the effectiveness and exhaustiveness of coverage of the candidates and their supporters diverse opinions on social and political matters in the Serbian media; draw the attention of the country s journalist community to the fact that it is the duty of the media to provide voters with comprehensive information about the election process, keeping to the internationally recognized professional standards; contribute to creating a full picture of the presidential election. The monitoring included 4 stages: , when potential mayor runners were starting the campaign; , when they and their parties started visiting different municipalities; , when campaigning was going on and where candidates were most active in the campaign. The monitoring was held by the Center for Peace and Tolerance (CPT) Summary of Findings Just like during the previous elections, the state-owned media were clearly ideologically engaged, providing information support for the incumbent. Although this media became more accessible to the candidates, as compared to the previous elections, the basic model of the election coverage remainedunchanged, which means that the state-owned media: focused their attention on one candidate or one party; presented subjects that actually performed technical functions, such as regional election commissions or local authorities, as the main actors of the election; 29

31 actively marginalized the other candidates and their actions, as well as the opposition parties, both by negative assessment they received and their minimal presence in the country s information space; against the background of inadequate representation of the alternative candidates created the impression that there was nobody to choose from or, to be more precise, that the only option was to vote for the incumbent (GI Srpska in this case); by citing the findings of opinion polls quite often without mentioning the institutions that conducted them, created an impression that the outcome of the voting was predetermined; finally, instead of offering a wide range of voters opinions, aired only opposite assessments, i.e. positive or highly positive of the incumbent, on the one hand, and negative or extremely negative of the alternative candidates, on the other. As for the independent press, in comparison with the state-owned media, it presented a much wider picture of the election, the presidential runners being featured as its key actors throughout the whole election process. Besides, in terms of the space given to each subjects, not only did the incumbent get as much coverage as the alternative candidates, but he was even a clear leader in some cases. The assessment of the candidates actions and their agendas was mainly balanced. The independent press, unlike the state-owned media, showed no instances of insulting the candidates or manifestly promoting one of them. Compared to the previous elections, this time the state-owned media did support and cover the elections, but with an ephasis on one party Main findings The data (figures) given below were obtained from processing and summing up all the air time and printed (electronic) space given to the election coverage throughout the monitoring period, i.e. from October 3 to November The summarized data did not reveal any diversions from the earlier outlined tendencies, which were recorded and described in the three interim CPT reports State-owned media TV monitoring The chart of the total time given to different election actors in the RTS1 news program of the 1st National TV Channel shows that the incumbent received 85% of the time given to all the actors. Attention given to the alternative candidates did not exceed 1%. Such an actor as a depersonalized candidate has about 5% of the time in the final chart, which is 16% less than during the final stage of the monitoring. 30

32 However, the drop is quite natural, as before the registration the media simply did not refer to this actor. The chart does not show any changes in the assessment of various actors of the election. Throughout the monitored period, candidates who were supported by Serbian Government personalities and their actions, were characterized positively, whereas the alternative candidates and opposition received negative or extremely negative assessments. As for the weight of the election, it remained unchanged in the total chart, as the program allotted twice as little time to the electionrelated issues as to sports. MDC 13% RTS1 ILL 7% CI Srpska 80% RTK2 - although state television, showed less bias and devoted much more attention to the election campaign than the television stations in central Serbia. Debates and election-related emissions were shown daily, with obvious sympathy for the candidates and parties supported by the Kosovo government. 1% 1% 0% 1% 2% 2% 1% 2% 2% 1% 1% 2% 1% 5% 10% 9% RTK 2 32% MDC SKS CI Srpska ILL Vakat Coalition KDP ANK 29% GI Simonida AFK Selfdetermination movement 31

33 Printed (electronic) media In the case of Radio Gracanica we can see that not much deviated from other programs Owned by state. With most of its space dedicated to the GI Srpska, this media showed a strong bias to candidates supported by the Government of Serbia. With less space devoted to other candidates, but only under circumstances where the other candidates accuse or denigrate, this medium has greatly contributed to the attachment for one party. Direct access Direct access is defined as media presentations of their Radio Gracanica election agendas by Socijaldem candidates and parties okratija themselves, which cannot be 2% censored by the media that SLS allot them their air time and SKS 18% space. Such presentations 2% can be both free and paid GI Srpska for. It should be pointed out 78% that compared to the previous elections, access to the state-owned media has improved. For example, it was the first time that the candidates had had an opportunity to appear live on TV. Secondly, their TV appearances were scheduled close to prime time and broadcast by the 1st National TV Channel in Kosovo. Thirdly, unlike during the 2010 municipality election, re-broadcasts of the candidate s addresses had been planned in advance. As a result, supposedly more voters were able to get an idea of the alternative candidates agendas. As they appeared live, the candidates were able to air their views and criticize the current regime free from any censorship or barriers Independent Media TV media PRVA TV - Although one of the most watched television in the territory of Serbia this television showed the least interest in the Kosovo elections. All their news and stories were related only to candidates GI Srpska, mainly to Belgrade Serb politician comments related to elections. All news related to PRVA CI Srpska 100% 32

34 elections have been published only in the main news program only. All news related to elections have been published only in the main news program a few times during the campaign. Unlike the PRVA TV, TV Puls, as local media outlet, has shown much more interest in the Kosovo elections, and therefore they devoted much more space. It must be pointed out that this media proved to be the least biased trying to cover every activity of the parties that participated in the local elections in Kosovo. The TV station has organized the largest number of debates and devoted most of the time in their news to most of the parties of all televisions that have been followed. National Initiative 1% Adrijana Hodzic 2% SI Simonida 1% SKS SNPK BZNB4% 1% 1% CI Prizren 2% Common Future 5% Selfdetermination Movement 2% RTV Puls KDL ANK 2% 3% National Unity 1% CI ZPK 2% LND 8% ILL 20% CI Srpska 46% Printed (electronic) media B92 as one of the most influential broadcasters in the territory of Serbia has shown great interest in the Kosovo elections. With a minimum dose of bias to GI Srpska, in the number of comments and not in their tone, B92 is one of the few media outlets from central Serbia which had a very detailed reporting on the election. The texts we read here about the different parties and the emphasis were 5% 3% 3% 10% 2% 13% B92 64% GI Srpska SLS AKR DSK SDP GIG 33

35 placed on the transfer of information related to the campaign. The reason why the GI Srpska had the most space on this media is that they often appeared in public and were mentioned by Serbian Government representatives. Although not owned by the state, Kurir behaved like other state media in central Serbia. With great emphasis on campaign of GI Srpska and almost no information regarding the other parties this media showed great devotion to one side. Texts of these papers were often offensive when writing about other parties and their candidates. Often with a touch of sarcasm when talking about other parties and with very insulting way when accusing them. This medium has proved to be one of the most affectionate private media who covered the Kosovo elections. As one of the most liberal media in Serbia newspapers Danas were the subject of our monitoring. These newspapers have, unlike other newspapers in central Serbia, shown up interest in SLS - the party who has, to this election, been in power in serbian municipalities in Kosovo. With a tendency to attack the GI Srpska and glorify SLS this medium has admittedly with a small number texts covered the elections in Kosovo. They mentioned in their articles several smaler parties and then were mostly neutral. DPK 6% SLS 12% SDP 20% SLS 40% Kurir GIG 6% Danas GI Srpska 76% GI Srpska 40% The electronic edition of Radio KIM proved to be the least biased of all local media in Kosovo. Given that this is one of the most popular online media in Kosovo it is not surprising that it was the most informative about the elections of all media. In their texts could to read about the attitudes and actions of most of parties participating in the elections. Tone of the articles was largely neutral, as werethe questions asked by journalists. 34