Nelson Mandela Centre for Peace and Conflict Resolution Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi

Transcription

1 M.A. IN CONFLICT ANALYSIS AND PEACE BUILDING (I ST SEMESTER) SYLLABUS ( ) Nelson Mandela Centre for Peace and Conflict Resolution Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi

2 MASTERS IN CONFLICT ANALYSIS AND PEACE-BUILDING From 2007, the Centre has introduced a two-year Master of Arts (MA) in Conflict Analysis and Peace-Building. The MA in Conflict Analysis and Peace-Building is a comprehensive course focusing on the policies, practices and tools required to contain, manage or resolve contemporary conflicts and prevent them from recurring. Core aims of the Course are to quip students with the analytical and field skills to engage in peacemaking and peace-building on the ground, both at home and abroad; and to bring Indian traditions of conflict resolution into the mainstream of conflict analysis and peace studies. Objectives of the Course: To develop analytical methods that take into account the type of conflict, capabilities in the region, and the potential for escalation or resolution; To provide a thorough grounding in the areas, institutions and processes of peacemaking, collective security and peace-building today; To equip students with tools for solving conflicts, from conflict prevention and peace settlements to conflict transformation and post-conflict reconstruction. Duration: Two Years (Intensive full-time) Nature of the Course and Examination System: The Course is an MA Program with a Semester System. The MA course comprises of altogether sixteen papers spread over four semesters [four papers in each semester]. M.A. (Previous) Papers Semester I: Compulsory Papers: Paper 101 Conflict Analysis Paper 102 State, Citizenship and Governance Paper 103 Development and Security Paper 104 Multilateral Institutions and Conflict Resolution Semester II: Compulsory Papers: Paper 105 Research Methodology and Field Work Paper 106 Issues of Conflict and Peace in South Asia Paper 107 Peacemaking Paper 108 Colonialism, Modernity and Social Movements 1

3 M.A. (Final) Papers Semester III: Compulsory Papers: Paper 109 Methodological Issues in Conflict Studies Paper 110 Peace-Building Paper 111 Indian Strategic Thought Optional Papers: Paper 112 Religion, Violence and Peace Paper 113 International Humanitarian Law Semester IV: Optional Papers: Paper 114 World Order in the 21 st Century Paper 115 Media, Conflict and Peace Paper 116 South Asia: Selected Case Studies Paper 117 Humanitarian Protection Paper 119 Nationalism, Multiculturalism and Minority Rights Paper 120 Gender and Conflict Paper 121 M.A. Thesis RULES FOR ATTENDANCE, EVALUATION AND CONDUCT OF M.A. STUDENTS Attendance: Attendance in all the activities pertaining to the Masters course is compulsory including M.A. Thesis. Students will be required to attend at least 75 percent of the lectures, tutorials and other sessions to be eligible to appear for the examination. Evaluation: Students in the M.A. course will be evaluated through internal assessment and end semester exams. The end semester exam in each paper will be of 75 marks. The internal assessment in each paper will be of 25 marks [this will comprise of a mid-semester exam of 10 marks, term paper for 10 marks and presentation/viva-voce for 5 marks]. M.A. Thesis is to be treated as a paper. All rules and regulations that apply to the M.A. papers will also be applicable to the M.A. Thesis. Students who fail in the M.A. Thesis will have to re-write and submit it in the following session. Students must submit the hard as well as soft copy of all assignments to the office by the given deadline. Late submission will lead to deduction in marks. The Centre considers plagiarism a major violation of academic ethics. Students will be considered to have plagiarized if they write from sources without correct use of 2

4 references or if they cut and paste from the internet without acknowledging the sources. Plagiarism in assignments and dissertation will attract penalty. Plagiarized work will not be accepted and no second chance of submission will be given. Conduct: Students who come late to class will be marked absent. Mobile phones must be switched off before entering the class and the library. Going out of the class to receive calls is not allowed. Students must maintain silence in the library. Bags must be left on the shelf allotted for the same, before making use of the library. Students who do not adhere to this rule will be fined Rs. 100/-. Library books must be returned on time and in proper condition (students are advised to check books inside out before issuing them). Non-compliance will lead to penalty. Books can be issued from and returned to the library between 10:00 am 1:00 pm and 2:00 5:00 pm from Monday to Thursday and between 10:00 am 12:00 noon and 2:30 pm 5:00 pm on Fridays. Award of Grades Letter Grades and Grade Points Students will be awarded letter grades on 10-Points Scale for each course on the basis of their performance in that course. The procedure for award of grades is as follows: All evaluations will be done in marks. The marks obtained by a student in the End Semester Examination and Internal Assessment in a theory/ laboratory course/ Field work/ Industrial Training/ Teaching Practice/ Project, as the case may be, will be added together. These combined marks would be converted to a 100-Point Scale. The rounding off (if required) will be done to the nearest integer. Letter grades will now be awarded for each course as per the following table: Grade Range of Marks (M)# Grade Point (G) A+ M A 80 M < 90 9 B+ 70 M < 80 8 B 60 M < 70 7 C+ 50 M < 60 6 C 40 M < 50 5 F M < 40 0 # M: marks obtained by a student on the 100-point scale 3

5 Division Division will be awarded in the following manner [with maximum Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) of 10 as base] CGPA CGPA < 8.5 I Division 5.5 CGPA < 6.5 II Division I Division with Distinction 5.0 CGPA < 5.5 Pass without Division 4

6 PAPER 101: CONFLICT ANALYSIS Armed conflicts and violence are among the most prominent features of world politics. Vast numbers of people have been killed and wounded, and many more have been forced to become refugees because of wars, repression, genocide, insurgencies, terrorism and revolutions. Economies have been ruined and societies dislocated. The international community has attempted to address contemporary conflicts with a combination of military, humanitarian, political, economic, and development-related measures. But the record of conflict management is at best mixed. Violent conflicts continue to threaten the lives, livelihood, and future of the world. This underlines the need to better understand the nature of contemporary conflict, and to ground this understanding in empirical research and theoretical explanations. The Course in Conflict Analysis locates international and internal conflicts in a historical and contemporary setting. It introduces the theories for analysing contemporary conflicts as well as the the major debates in the field, and provides the students the tools to draw connections between theory and practice. The course aims to meet a growing need for trained personnel in this increasingly important professional field. I. Theories and Approaches 1. Charles Tilly, War Making and State Making as Organized Crime, in Theda Scocpol et al., eds., (2002), Bringing the State Back in, Cambridge, Mass.: Cambridge University Press. 2. Robert Jervis (2002), Theories of War in an Era of Leading Power Peace, American Political Science Review, 96, pp Scott Burchill, Andrew Linklater, et al. (2005), Theories of International Relations, Third edition, Palgrave Macmillan. 4. Charles Tilly, States and Nationalism in Europe , in John L Comaroff and Paul C Stern, eds., Perspectives on Nationalism and War, Luxembourg: Gordon and Breach Publishers, pp David A Lake (2007), Escape from the State of Nature: Authority and Hierarchy in World Politics, International Security, 32, pp Zeev Maoz (1989), Joining the Club of Nations: Political Development and International Conflicts, , International Studies Quarterly, 33, June. 7. Kenneth Waltz (1993), The Emerging Structure of International Politics, International Security, vol.18, no.2, Spring 8. Alexander Wendt (1992), Anarchy is what States Make of It: The Social Construction of World Politics, International Organization, Vol.46, No.2, 1992, pp Barry Buzan, The Level of Analysis Problem in International Relations Reconsidered. 10. Margaret Mead (1990), Warfare is only an Invention and not a Biological Necessity, in John Vasquez,ed., Classics of IR (2 nd edn.), New Jersey: Prentice Hall, pp J David Singer ( ), Accounting for International War: The State of the Discipline, in Vasquez, ed., Classics of IR (2 nd edn.), New Jersey: Prentice Hall, pp

7 12. Sean Molloy (2003), Realism: A Problematic Paradigm, Security Dialogue, PRIO,vol.34, No.1, pp II: Intra-State Conflicts 1. Ann Hironaka (2005), Never ending Wars: The International Community, Weak States and the Perpetuation of Civil War, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. 2. Charles Tilly (2003), The Politics of Collective Violence, Cambridge, Mass.: Cambridge University Press. 3. Richard King (2007), The Association of religion with violence: Reflections on a Modern Trope, in John R Hinnels and Richard King eds., Religion and Violence in South Asia: Theory and Practice, London: Routledge, pp Jocelyne Couture (2004), Nationalism and Global Democracy: Between Myth of Community and the Mirage of the Global Village, in Michel Seymour ed., The Fate of the Nation State, Montreal: McGill-Queen s University Press. 5. Robert H. Bates (October 1999), `Ethnicity, Capital Formation, and Conflict, Centre for International Development (CID) Working Paper No. 27, Harvard University. 6. Jack A. Goldstone, Robert H. Bates, Ted Robert Gurr, et al., (2005), A Global Forecasting Model of Political Instability, Paper prepared for presentation at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Washington, DC, September 1-4. III: International Conflicts 1. Joseph S Nye Jr. (2003), Understanding International Conflict: An Introduction to Theory and History, New York: Longman. 2. Hedley Bull (2002), The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order in World Politics, 3 rd edn., Basingstoke: Palgrave. 3. John A. Vasquez (1993), The War Puzzle, Cambridge, Mass.: Cambridge University Press 4. John Mearshimer (2001), The Tragedy of Great Power Politics, New York: W. W. Norton & Co. 5. David C Rapoport, The Four Waves of Modern Terrorism, Terrorism (Vol.IV), pp John L Comaroff and Paul C Stern (1995), New Perspectives on Nationalism and War, in Comaroff and Stern, eds., Perspectives on Nationalism and War, pp Dan Rodrick (1997), Sense and Nonsense in the Globalization Debate, Foreign Policy. 8. Samuel M Makinda (2003), Global Governance and Terrorism, Global Change, Vol.15, No.1, February, pp Eliana LaFerrara and Robert H. Bates (June 2001), Political Competition in Weak States, CID Working Paper No

8 PAPER 102: STATE, CITIZENSHIP AND GOVERNANCE The paper intends to equip the students with key concepts and theories drawn from political science and sociology and crucial to the comprehension and analysis of social and political conflicts. I. Theories of State 1. Held, David (1989), Political Theory and the Modern State, Cambridge: Polity 2. McLennan, Gregor, David Held et al (ed.), The Idea of the Modern State, OUP. 3. Vincent, A. (1987), Theories of the State, Blackwell, Oxford. II. Emergence of Civil Society, Global Civil Society, Civil vs Political Society 1. Chandoke, Neera (1993), State and Civil Society, Delhi: Sage 2. Elliot, Carolyn M (2003), Civil Society and Democracy, OUP. 3. Kaviraj, Sudipto and Sunil Khilnani (2001), Civil Society: History and Possibilities, Cambridge University Press. III. The Citizenship Debate: Evolution of Citizenship, Differentiated and Undifferentiated Citizenship, Multicultural Citizenship 1. Marshall, T. H (1950), Citizenship, Social Class and Other Essays 2. Brubaker, Roger (1992), Citizenship and Nationhood in France and Germany 3. Kymlicka, Will (1995), Multiculturalism Citizenship: A Liberal Theory of Minority Rights 4. Turner, Bryan S. (1993), Citizenship and Social Theory, Sage 5. Barbalet JM (1988.), Citizenship: Rights, Struggle, and Class inequality, Open University Press IV. Governance: Democratic and Good Governance, Decentralisation and Local Governance, Development, Economic Reforms and Governance 1. Betteille, Andre (2000), Antimonies of Society: Essays on Ideologies and Institutions, OUP 2. Stoker, Gerry, Governance as Theory: Five Propositions. 3. Weiss, Thomas G, Governance, Good Governance and Global Governance: Conceptual and Actual Challenges. 4. Jenkins, Rob, Mistaking Governance for Politics 7

9 PAPER 103: DEVELOPMENT AND SECURITY The basic objective of this course will be to train students to understand and analyze links and causality between economic development and security. To achieve this objective it focuses on the conceptual and analytical inputs necessary for understanding economic development and security linkages. Based on this understanding and expertise the course deals with the operational significance of development - security interface in terms of its present status, institutional requirements and policies. The paper will also focus on few illustrative case studies. I. Perspectives on Development: Theories and Approaches II. Contemporary Development Issues: Globalization, North-South Divide, Development- Environment Divide III. Relationship between Development and Security IV. Development and Security: Institutional Responses V. Policy Issues: Peace through Development, Policies for Sustainable Peace, Policies Governing Transition from War to Peace Readings 1. Holis Chenery (1979) Structural Change and Development Policy, New York: Oxford University Press. (Published for the World Bank) 2. Mark Duffield (2001) Global Governance and the New Wars: The Merging of Development and Security, London: Zed Books. 3. Escobar, Arturo (1995) Encountering Development. Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press. 4. Mahbub ul Haq (1995) Reflections on Human Development, New York: Oxford University Press. 5. K. S. Jomo and Ben Fine (2006) The New Development Economics, London: Zed Books. 6. Crush, Jonathan (1995) Power of Development, London: Routledge 7. G. Meier and J. Rauch (2000) Eds. Leading Issues in Developing Economics (7th ed.), Oxford University Press 8. Debraj Ray (1998) Development Economics, New Delhi: Oxford University Press. 9. A.P. Thirwall (2006) Growth & Development: With Special Reference To Developing Economies New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 10. M.P. Todaro and S. Smith (2005) Economic Development in the Third World (9th ed.), Pearson Education 11. UNDP Human Development Reports from

10 PAPER 104: MULTILATERAL INSTITUTIONS AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION This paper focuses on conflict resolution as an evolving field of study, especially in the context of contemporary conflicts. The prime focus is on understanding violent conflicts and analyzing different methods and approaches to conflict resolution. Within the framework of multilateral institutions and actors, the paper would examine the role of international, regional and local actors, regional diplomacy, civil society, nongovernmental organizations and humanitarian organizations in conflict resolution. I. Conflict Resolution as a Field of Study II. Evolution of Multilateral Institutions as Mechanisms for Conflict Resolution III. Conflict Prevention through Multilateral Institutions IV. Conflict Mediation through Multilateral Institutions V. Peacekeeping through United Nations and Regional Organizations I. Conflict Resolution as a Field of Study 1. Chester Crocker et al. Eds. (2002) Turbulent Peace: The Challenges of Managing International Conflicts, Washington D.C.: United States Institute for Peace. 2. Hugh Miall et al. (2005) Contemporary Conflict Resolution, Chapter I and II, Oxford: Polity Press and Blackwell Publishing Ltd. 3. Louis Kriesberg, (2009) "The Evolution of Conflict Resolution." In Handbook of Conflict Resolution, Jacob Bercovitch, Victor Kremenyuk, and I. William Zartman, Eds. London: Sage. II. Evolution of Multilateral Institutions as Mechanisms for Conflict Resolution 1. Edward Newman, Ramesh Thakur and John Tirman, Eds. (2006) Multilateralism Under Challenge? Power, International Order, and Structural Change, Tokyo: UN University Press. 2. Margaret P. Karns and Karen A. Mingst, (2005) International Organizations, The Politics and Processes of Global Governance, Lynne Rienner: published in India by Viva Books. 3. John Gerard Ruggie, (2000) Constructing the World Polity, Essays on International Institutionalization, Oxon: Routledge. 4. Katharina P. Coleman, (2007) International Organizations and Peace Enforcement The Politics of International Legitimacy, New York: Cambridge University Press, pp Michael G. Schechter, (1999) (ed.), Future Multilateralism, The Political and Social Framework, Tokyo: United Nations University Press. 6. Thomas D. Zweifel, (2007) International Organizations and Democracy, Lynne Rienner, published in India by Viva Books. 7. Sven Bernhard Garies and Johannes Varwick, (2005) The United Nations An Introduction, New York: Palgrave Manmillan. 9

11 8. Chantal de Jonge Oudraat, (1996) The United Nations and Internal Conflict, in Michael E. Brown, Ed. The International Dimensions of Internal Conflict, Cambridge: The MIT Press, pp Fen Osler Hampson, The role of the United Nations in conflict resolution and Peacekeeping, available at: [Accessed 18 July 2010] 10. Kenneth W. Abbott and Duncan Snidal (1998) Why States Act Through Formal International Organizations, Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 42(1) pp Dan Lindley, (1996) Collective Security Organizations and Internal Conflict, in Michael E. Brown, Ed. The International Dimensions of Internal Conflict, Cambridge: The MIT Press, pp III. Conflict Prevention through Multilateral Institutions 1. Michael E. Brown and Richard N. Rosencrance, (1999) (eds.) The Costs of Conflict: Prevention and Cure in the Global Arena, Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield. 2. Fen Osler Hampson and David M. Malone, (2002) (eds.), From Reaction to Conflict Prevention, Opportunities for the UN System, Boulder; Lynne Rienner Publishers. 3. Michael Pugh and Waheguru Pal Singh Sidhu, (2003) (eds.) The United Nations and Regional Security Europe and Beyond, New York: Lynne Rienner and International Peace Academy. 4. Commission of the European Communities, (2003) The European Union and the United Nations: The Choice of Multilateralism, Brussels: COM Jane Boulden, (2003) (ed.) Dealing With Conflict in Africa: The United Nations Regional Organizations, New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 6. Connie Peck, (1996b) The Role of Regional Organizations in Preventing and Resolving Conflicts, in Chester Crocker et al. (eds.) Managing Global Chaos: Sources of and Responses to International Conflicts, Washington D.C.: United States Institute for Peace. 7. Peter Willets, (1996) (ed.), The Conscience of the World: The Influence of Non- Governmental Organisations in the UN System, Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution. 8. Rajshree Jetley, (2003) Conflict Management Strategies in ASEAN: Perspectives for SAARC, The Pacific Review, (vol: 16), No.1, pp Jonathan Stevenson, (2000) Preventing Conflicts: The Role of the Bretton Woods Institutions, Adelphi Paper No. 336, London: IISS. 10. Muthiah Alagappa and Takashi Inoguchi, (1999) Eds. International Security Management and the United Nations, Tokyo: United Nations University Press, pp World Bank, (1997c) A Framework for World Bank Involvement in Post- Conflict Reconstruction, Washington D.C.: World Bank. 10

12 IV. Conflict Mediation through Multilateral Institutions 1. I.W. Zartmann and J. Rasmussen, (1997) (Eds.) Peacemaking in International Conflict: Methods and Techniques, Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace. 2. Jacob Bercovitch (2002) (Ed.), Studies in International Mediation, Program on Negotiation, Harvard Law School and Palgrave Macmillan. 3. M. Anderson, (2002) Humanitarian NGOs in Conflict Intervention in Chester Crocker et al. Eds. Turbulent Peace: The Challenges of Managing International Conflicts, Washington D.C.: United States Institute for Peace, pp Stephen J. Stedman, (1996) Negotiation & Mediation, in Michael Brown, (Ed.), The International Dimensions of Internal Conflict, Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, pp Saadia Touval, and I. William Zartman, (2001) International Mediation in the Post- Cold War Era, in Chester A. Crocker; Fen Osler Hampson & Pamela Aall Eds. Turbulent Peace. The Challenges of Managing International Conflict. Washington D.C.: United States of Peace Press, pp V. Peacekeeping through United Nations and Regional Organizations 1. Boutros Boutros-Ghali (1992) An Agenda for Peace: Preventive Deployment, Peacemaking, and Peacekeeping, New York; United Nations. 2. Lakhdar Brahimi (2000) Report of the Panel on United Nations Peace Operations, New York; United Nations. 3. United Nations, (1990) The Blue Helmets: A Review of UN Peacekeeping, New York: UN Department of Public Information. 4. William J. Durch, (1993) (ed.), The Evolution of United Nations Peacekeeping, Case Studies and Comparative Analyses, New York; St. Martin s Press. 5. Jim Whitman, (1999) Ed. Peacekeeping and the UN agencies, London: Frank Cass Publishers. 6. Tom Woodhouse and Oliver Ramsbotham, (2000) Eds. Peacekeeping and Conflict Resolution, London: Frank Cass. 7. John Terrence O Neill and Nicholas Rees (2005) United Nations Peacekeeping in the Post Cold-War Era, London: Routledge. 8. Thomas G. Weiss (1995) Ed. The United Nations and Civil Wars, Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers. 11