BIA s.267. UNCITRAL Model Law. Proposed Wording

Transcription

1 BIA s The purpose of this Part is to provide mechanisms for dealing with cases of cross-border insolvencies and to promote (a) cooperation between the courts and other competent authorities in Canada with those of foreign jurisdictions in cases of cross-border insolvencies; (b) greater legal certainty for trade and investment; (c) the fair and efficient administration of cross-border insolvencies that protects the interests of creditors and other interested persons, and those of debtors; (d) the protection and the maximization of the value of debtors property; and (e) the rescue of financially troubled businesses to protect investment and preserve employment. Section 267 is the first section dealing with cross-border insolvencies in Part XIII of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act. It provides a summary statement of the basic policy objectives of Part XIII. Although it may not be customary in Canada to set out purpose statements of policy in legislation, this section is useful in providing a general orientation and in assisting in the interpretation of Part XIII. None. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international

2 harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

3 BIA s (1) The following definitions apply in this Part. foreign court means a judicial or other authority competent to control or supervise a foreign proceeding. foreign main proceeding means a foreign proceeding in a jurisdiction where the debtor has the centre of the debtor s main interests. foreign non-main proceeding means a foreign proceeding, other than a foreign main proceeding. foreign proceeding means a judicial or an administrative proceeding, including an interim proceeding, in a jurisdiction outside Canada dealing with creditor s collective interests generally under any law relating to bankruptcy or insolvency in which a debtor s property and affairs are subject to control or supervision by a foreign court for the purpose of reorganization or liquidation. foreign representative means a person or body, including one appointed on an interim basis, who is authorized, in a foreign proceeding in respect of a debtor, to (a) administer the debtor s property or affairs for the purpose of reorganization or liquidation; or (b) act as a representative in respect of the foreign proceeding. (2) For the purposes of this Part, in the absence of proof to the contrary, a debtor s registered office and, in the case of a debtor who is an individual, the debtor s ordinary place of residence are deemed to be the centre of the debtor s main interests. Subsection 268(1) adds a series of definitions in alphabetical order for terms that are specific to Part XIII of the Bill on cross-border insolvencies. The definition of foreign court includes nonjudicial authorities so that foreign proceedings receive the same treatment irrespective of whether

4 they have been commenced and supervised by a judicial body or an administrative body. By specifying required characteristics of the foreign proceeding and foreign representative, the definitions limit the scope of application of the Model Law. The definition of debtor was excluded from this provision because it is it is not different from what is already provided for in section 2 of the current legislation. Subsection 268(2) creates a presumption - where the debtor has his place of residence or registered office is deemed to be the centre of the debtor s main interests In this Part, "debtor" means an insolvent person who has property in Canada, a bankrupt who has property in Canada or a person who has the status of a bankrupt under foreign law in a foreign proceeding and has property in Canada; "foreign proceeding" means a judicial or administrative proceeding commenced outside Canada in respect of a debtor, under a law relating to bankruptcy or insolvency and dealing with the collective interests of creditors generally; "foreign representative" means a person, other than a debtor, holding office under the law of a jurisdiction outside Canada who, irrespective of the person's designation, is assigned, under the laws of the jurisdiction outside Canada, functions in connection with a foreign proceeding that are similar to those performed by a trustee, liquidator, administrator or receiver appointed by the court. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

5 BIA s (1) A foreign representative may apply to the court for recognition of the foreign proceeding in respect of which he or she is a foreign representative. (2) Subject to subsection (3), the application must be accompanied by (a) a certified copy of the instrument, however designated, that commenced the foreign proceeding or a certificate from the foreign court affirming the existence of the foreign proceeding; (b) a certified copy of the instrument, however designated, authorizing the foreign representative to act in that capacity or a certificate from the foreign court affirming the foreign representative s authority to act in that capacity; and (c) a statement identifying all foreign proceedings in respect of the debtor that are known to the foreign representative. (3) The court may, without further proof, accept the documents referred to in paragraphs (2)(a) and (b) as evidence that the proceeding to which they relate is a foreign proceeding and that the applicant is a foreign representative in respect of the foreign proceeding. (4) In the absence of the documents referred to in paragraphs (2)(a) and (b), the court may accept any other evidence of the existence of the foreign proceeding and of the foreign representative s authority that it considers appropriate. (5) The court may require a translation of any document accompanying the application. Subsection 269(1) allows the foreign representative to apply to the court for recognition of a foreign proceeding in Canada. Subsection 269(2) describes the procedural requirements for an application, by a foreign representative, for recognition of a foreign proceeding in Canada. It provides a simple, expeditious process. Paragraph c) requires that an application for recognition be accompanied by a statement identifying all known foreign proceedings in respect of the debtor. This information is needed by the court for any decision granting relief in favour of the foreign proceeding. In order to ensure that the relief is consistent with any other insolvency

6 proceeding concerning the same debtor, the courts needs to know of all foreign proceedings that may be under way in a third State. Subsection 269(3) provides that documents submitted in support of the application for recognition need not be authenticated in any special way. The court is entitled to presume that they are authentic unless there is evidence to the contrary. This approach provides the court flexibility and avoids legalization procedures, which may be cumbersome and time-consuming. In order not to prevent recognition because of non-compliance with a mere technicality, subsection 269(4) allows evidence other than that specified in paragraphs a) and b) to be taken into account. However, this provision does not compromise the court s authority to insist on the presentation of evidence acceptable to it. Subsection 269(5) entitles, but does not compel, the court to require a translation of some or all documents accompanying the application for recognition. This discretion is compatible with the procedures of the court under the current legislation. None. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

7 BIA s (1) If the court is satisfied that the application for the recognition of a foreign proceeding relates to a foreign proceeding and that the applicant is a foreign representative in respect of that foreign proceeding, the court shall make an order recognizing the foreign proceeding. (2) The court shall specify in the order whether the foreign proceeding is a foreign main proceeding or a foreign non-main proceeding. Section 270 provides that if the application for recognition meets the requirements set out in section 269, recognition will be granted by the court as a matter of course. It also draws a basic distinction between foreign proceedings categorized as main proceedings and those that are not, depending on the jurisdictional basis of the foreign proceeding. None. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

8 BIA s (1) Subject to subsections (2) to (4), on the making of an order recognizing a foreign proceeding that is specified to be a foreign main proceeding, (a) no person shall commence or continue any action, execution or other proceedings concerning the debtor s property, debts, liabilities or obligations; (b) if the debtor carries on a business, the debtor shall not, outside the ordinary course of the business, sell or otherwise dispose of any of the debtor s property in Canada that relates to the business and shall not sell or otherwise dispose of any other property of the debtor in Canada; and (c) if the debtor is an individual, the debtor shall not sell or otherwise dispose of any property of the debtor in Canada. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply if any proceedings under this Act have been commenced in respect of the debtor at the time the order recognizing the foreign proceeding is made. (3) The prohibitions in paragraphs (1)(a) and (b) are subject to the exceptions specified by the court in the order recognizing the foreign proceeding that would apply in Canada had the foreign proceeding taken place in Canada under this Act. (4) Nothing in subsection (1) precludes the commencement or the continuation of proceedings under this Act, the Companies Creditors Arrangement Act or the Winding-up and Restructuring Act in respect of the debtor. Subsection 271(1) provides for an automatic stay of proceedings when an order recognizing a foreign main proceeding, is made by the court. The automatic consequences envisaged in subsection 271(1) are necessary to allow steps to be taken to organize an orderly and equitable cross-border insolvency proceeding. Recognition, therefore, has its own effects rather than importing the consequences of the foreign law into the Canadian insolvency regime. Subsection 271(2) ensures that existing proceedings commenced under Canadian insolvency laws are not subject to the automatic stay when an order recognizing a foreign main proceeding,

9 with regards to the same debtor, is made by the court. This ensures that Canadian proceedings are only subject to Canadian insolvency rules. Because recognition has its own effects rather than importing the consequences of the foreign law into the Canadian insolvency system, recognition could, in a given case, produce results that would be contrary to the legitimate interests of an interested party, including the debtor. Subsection 271(3) protects those interests by providing that prohibitions in paragraphs 271(1)(a) and (b) are subject to exceptions, as specified by the court, that would apply in Canadian insolvency proceedings. It is important, from a policy standpoint, for persons that are adversely affected by the automatic stay to have an opportunity to be heard by the court and for the court to be allowed to modify or terminate those effects. Subsection 271(4) merely clarifies that the automatic stay in subsection 271(1) does not prevent anyone, including the foreign representative or foreign creditors, from requesting the commencement of a local insolvency proceeding and from participating in that proceeding (2) On application by a foreign representative in respect of a foreign proceeding commenced for the purpose of effecting a composition, an extension of time or a scheme of arrangement in respect of a debtor or in respect of the bankruptcy of a debtor, the court may grant a stay of proceedings against the debtor or the debtor's property in Canada on such terms and for such period as is consistent with the relief provided for under sections 69 to 69.5 in respect of a debtor in Canada who files a notice of intention or a proposal or who becomes bankrupt in Canada, as the case may be. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

10 BIA s (1) If an order recognizing a foreign proceeding is made, the court may, on application by the foreign representative who applied for the order, if the court is satisfied that it is necessary for the protection of the debtor s property or the interests of a creditor or creditors, make any order that it considers appropriate, including an order (a) if the foreign proceeding is a foreign non-main proceeding, imposing the prohibitions referred to in paragraphs 271(1)(a) to (c) and specifying the exceptions to those prohibitions, taking subsection 271(3) into account; (b) respecting the examination of witnesses, the taking of evidence or the delivery of information concerning the debtor s property, affairs, debts, liabilities and obligations; (c) entrusting the administration or realization of all or part of the debtor s property located in Canada to the foreign representative or to any other person designated by the court; and (d) appointing a trustee as receiver of all or any part of the debtor s property in Canada, for any term that the court considers appropriate and directing the receiver to do all or any of the following, namely, (i) to take possession of all or part of the debtor s property specified in the appointment and to exercise the control over the property and over the debtor s business that the court considers appropriate, and (ii) to take any other action that the court considers appropriate. (2) If any proceedings under this Act have been commenced in respect of the debtor at the time an order recognizing the foreign proceeding is made, an order made under subsection (1) must be consistent with any order that may be made in any proceedings under this Act. (3) The making of an order under paragraph (1)(a) does not preclude the commencement or the continuation of proceedings under this Act, the Companies Creditors Arrangement Act or the Winding-up and Restructuring Act in respect of the debtor. Subsection 272(1) provides the court with discretionary powers to grant post-recognition relief. Orders listed in this subsection are typical in insolvency proceedings. However, the list is not

11 exhaustive. The court is not restricted in its ability to grant any type of relief that is available under Canadian law and needed in the circumstances of the case. Subsection 272(2) provides that any order made under subsection 272(1) must be consistent with any prior court orders, made in existing proceedings, commenced under Canadian insolvency laws. This ensures that all Canadian court orders in respect of a debtor are consistent. Subsection 272(3) merely clarifies that court orders made, pursuant to subsection 272(1), do not prevent anyone, including the foreign representative or foreign creditors, from requesting the commencement of a local insolvency proceeding and from participating in that proceeding (3) The court may, in respect of a debtor, make such orders and grant such relief as it considers appropriate to facilitate, approve or implement arrangements that will result in a coordination of proceedings under this Act with any foreign proceeding (3) On application by a foreign representative in respect of a debtor, the court may, where it is satisfied that it is necessary for the protection of the debtor's estate or the interests of a creditor or creditors, (a) appoint a trustee as interim receiver of all or any part of the debtor's property in Canada, for such term as the court considers appropriate; and (b) direct the interim receiver to do all or any of the following: (i) take conservatory measures and summarily dispose of property that is perishable or likely to depreciate rapidly in value, (ii) take possession of all or part of the debtor's property mentioned in the appointment and exercise such control over the property and over the debtor's business as the court considers appropriate, and (iii) take such other action as the court considers appropriate (5) On application of a foreign representative in respect of a debtor, the court may authorize the examination under oath by the foreign representative of the debtor or of any person in relation to the debtor who, if the debtor were a bankrupt referred to in subsection 163(1), would be a person who could be examined under that subsection. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate.

12 However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

13 BIA s An order under this Part may be made on any terms and conditions that the court considers appropriate in the circumstances. Section 273 is the same as the current subsection 268(4) of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act. It provides the court with much discretion to impose whatever conditions it deems appropriate upon any order with respect to cross-border proceedings. This discretion is in line with basic principles of Canadian insolvency laws (4) An order of the court under this Part may be made on such terms and conditions as the court considers appropriate in the circumstances. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

14 BIA s If an order recognizing a foreign proceeding is made, the foreign representative may commence or continue any proceedings under sections 43, 46 to 47.1 and 49 and subsections 50(1) and 50.4(1) in respect of a debtor as if the foreign representative were a creditor of the debtor, or the debtor, as the case may be. Section 274 is the same as the current section 270 of the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act, except that 1) reference to section 47.2 (orders respecting fees and expenses) has been taken out because it is not relevant to this section and 2) section 43 (bankruptcy petition) has been added to allow a foreign representative to file an assignment in bankruptcy, which is the only insolvency proceeding not presently covered in section A foreign representative may commence and continue proceedings pursuant to sections 43 and 46 to 47.2 and subsections 50(1) and 50.4(1) in respect of a debtor as if the foreign representative were a creditor, trustee, liquidator or receiver of property of the debtor, or the debtor, as the case may be. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

15 BIA s (1) If an order recognizing a foreign proceeding is made, the court shall cooperate, to the maximum extent possible, with the foreign representative and the foreign court involved in the foreign proceeding. (2) If any proceedings under this Act have been commenced in respect of a debtor and an order recognizing a foreign proceeding is made in respect of the debtor, every person who exercises any powers or performs duties and functions in any proceedings under this Act shall cooperate, to the maximum extent possible, with the foreign representative and the foreign court involved in the foreign proceeding. The purpose of section 275 is to enable courts and insolvency administrators from two or more countries to be efficient and achieve optimal results. In cross-border insolvencies, cooperation is often the only realistic way, for example, to prevent the dissipation of assets, to maximize the value of assets or to find the best solutions for the reorganization of businesses. Section 275 not only authorizes cross-border cooperation, it mandates it. This is useful in eliminating any uncertainties that may exist with regards to the court or administrator s discretion to operate outside areas of express statutory authorization in order to cooperate with the foreign representative or foreign court in cross-border cases. This section also allows Canadian courts to communicate with foreign courts in order to accelerate cooperation. None. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation

16 to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

17 BIA s If an order recognizing a foreign proceeding is made, the foreign representative who applied for the order shall (a) without delay, inform the court of (i) any substantial change in the status of the recognized foreign proceeding, (ii) any substantial change in the status of the foreign representative s authority to act in that capacity, and (iii) any other foreign proceeding in respect of the same debtor that becomes known to the foreign representative; and (b) publish, without delay after the order is made, once a week for two consecutive weeks, or as otherwise directed by the court, in one or more newspapers in Canada specified by the court, a notice containing the prescribed information. Paragraph 276 (a) ensures that the court is informed of any important change regarding the foreign proceeding. It is possible that, after recognition, changes occur in the foreign proceeding that would have affected the decision on recognition or the relief granted on the basis of recognition. For example, the foreign proceeding may be terminated or transformed from a liquidation proceeding into a reorganization proceeding or the terms of the appointment of the foreign representative may be modified or terminated. Paragraph 276(b) is modelled on clause 131 of the Bill, subparagraph 23(1)(a)(i) of the CCAA. It provides a specific mechanism to ensure that all parties who may be affected by any substantial changes to the recognized foreign proceeding or in respect of the foreign representative receive adequate notice of these changes, allowing them to better protect their interests. None.

18 Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

19 BIA s If any proceedings under this Act in respect of a debtor are commenced at any time after an order recognizing the foreign proceeding is made, (a) the court shall review any order made under section 272 and, if it determines that the order is inconsistent with any orders made in the proceedings under this Act, the court shall amend or revoke the order; and (b) if the foreign proceeding is a foreign main proceeding, the court shall make an order terminating the application of the prohibitions in paragraphs 271(1)(a) to (c) if the court determines that those prohibitions are inconsistent with any similar prohibitions imposed in the proceedings under this Act. Section 277 gives the court guidance to deal with cases where the same debtor is subject to a foreign proceeding followed by a local proceeding. The most important principle in this section is that the commencement of a local proceeding does not terminate the recognition of a foreign proceeding. This principle allows Canadian courts to provide relief in favour of the foreign proceeding in all circumstances. However, section 277 maintains a pre-eminence of the local proceeding over the foreign proceeding (i.e., any relief that has already been granted to the foreign proceeding must be reviewed to ensure consistency with the local proceeding and if the foreign proceeding is a main proceeding, the automatic effects pursuant to section 271 are to be terminated if inconsistent with the local proceeding). None. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions

20 to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

21 BIA s (1) If, at any time after an order is made in respect of a foreign non-main proceeding in respect of a debtor, an order recognizing a foreign main proceeding is made in respect of the debtor, the court shall review any order made under section 272 in respect of the foreign nonmain proceeding and, if it determines that the order is inconsistent with any orders made under that section in respect of the foreign main proceedings, the court shall amend or revoke the order. (2) If, at any time after an order is made in respect of a foreign non-main proceeding in respect of the debtor, an order recognizing another foreign non-main proceeding is made in respect of the debtor, the court shall, for the purpose of facilitating the coordination of the foreign nonmain proceedings, review any order made under section 272 in respect of the first recognized proceeding and amend or revoke that order if it considers it appropriate. Section 278 deals with cases where the debtor is subject to insolvency proceedings in more than one foreign State and foreign representatives of more than one foreign proceeding seek recognition or relief in Canada. The objective of section 278 is similar to that of section 277 in that the key issue when there are concurrent proceedings is to promote cooperation, coordination and consistency of relief granted to different proceedings. Such consistency is achieved by appropriately tailoring relief to be granted or by modifying or terminating relief already granted. The only priority in this section is given to the foreign main proceeding. That priority is reflected in the requirement that any relief in favour of a foreign non-main proceeding must be consistent with the foreign main proceeding (subsection 278(1)). None.

22 Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

23 BIA s The court may authorize any person or body to act as a representative in respect of any proceeding under this Act for the purpose of having them recognized in a jurisdiction outside Canada. The purpose of section 279 is to allow Canadian insolvency administrators, appointed in Canadian insolvency proceedings, to act abroad as foreign representatives of those proceedings. The lack of such authorization has proven, in some cross-border cases, to be an obstacle to effective international cooperation. This section is aimed at avoiding just that. None. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

24 BIA s An application by a foreign representative for any order under this Part does not submit the foreign representative to the jurisdiction of the court for any other purpose except with regard to the costs of the proceedings, but the court may make any order under this Part conditional on the compliance by the foreign representative with any other court order. Section 280 is the same as the current section 272 of the BIA. Language was simply added to reflect the fact that the new Part XIII on cross-border insolvencies has introduced the concept of court orders recognizing foreign insolvency proceedings. These orders give foreign insolvency proceedings standing in Canada An application to the court by a foreign representative under this Part does not submit the foreign representative to the jurisdiction of the court for any other purpose except with regard to the costs of the proceedings, but the court may make any order under this Part conditional on the compliance by the foreign representative with any other order of the court. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

25 BIA s A foreign representative is not prevented from making an application to the court under this Part by reason only that proceedings by way of appeal or review have been taken in a foreign proceeding, and the court may, on an application if such proceedings have been taken, grant relief as if the proceedings had not been taken. Section 281 is the same as the current section 273 of the BIA. It was only renumbered A foreign representative is not prevented from making an application to the court under this Part by reason only that proceedings by way of appeal or review have been taken in a foreign proceeding, and the court may, on an application where such proceedings have been taken, grant relief as if the proceedings had not been taken. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

26 BIA s For the purposes of this Part, if a bankruptcy, an insolvency or a reorganization or a similar order has been made in respect of a debtor in a foreign proceeding, a certified copy of the order is, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, proof that the debtor is insolvent and proof of the appointment of the foreign representative made by the order. Section 282 is the same as the current subsection 268(1) of the BIA (1) For the purposes of this Part, where a bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization or like order has been made in respect of a debtor in a foreign proceeding, a certified or exemplified copy of the order is, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, proof that the debtor is insolvent and proof of the appointment of the foreign representative made by the order. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

27 BIA s (1) If a bankruptcy order, a proposal or an assignment is made in respect of a debtor under this Act, the following shall be taken into account in the distribution of dividends to the debtor s creditors in Canada as if they were a part of that distribution: (a) the amount that a creditor receives or is entitled to receive outside Canada by way of a dividend in a foreign proceeding in respect of the debtor; and (b) the value of any property of the debtor that the creditor acquires outside Canada on account of a provable claim of the creditor or that the creditor acquires outside Canada by way of a transfer that, if the transfer were subject to this Act, would be a preference over other creditors or a transfer at undervalue. (2) Despite subsection (1), the creditor is not entitled to receive a dividend from the distribution in Canada until every other creditor who has a claim of equal rank in the order of priority established under this Act has received a dividend whose amount is the same percentage of that other creditor s claim as the aggregate of the amount referred to in paragraph (1)(a) and the value referred to in paragraph (1)(b) is of that creditor s claim. Section 283 is the same as the current section 274 of the BIA. It was only reorganized and adapted to reflect the changes made to the preferences and transfers at undervalue provisions in clauses of the Bill If any bankruptcy order, proposal or assignment is made in respect of a debtor under this Act, (a) the amount that a creditor receives or is entitled to receive outside Canada by way of a dividend in a foreign proceeding in respect of the debtor, and (b) the value of any property of the debtor that the creditor acquires outside Canada on account of a provable claim of the creditor or that the creditor acquires outside Canada by

28 way of a transfer that, if it were subject to this Act, would be set aside or reviewed under sections 91 to 101.2, shall be taken into account in the distribution of dividends to creditors of the debtor in Canada as if they were a part of that distribution, and the creditor is not entitled to receive a dividend from the distribution in Canada until every other creditor who has a claim of equal rank in the order of priority established under this Act has received a dividend, the amount of which is the same percentage of that other creditor's claim as the aggregate of the amount referred to in paragraph (a) and the value referred to in paragraph (b) is of that creditor's claim. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

29 BIA s (1) Nothing in this Part prevents the court, on the application of a foreign representative or any other interested person, from applying any legal or equitable rules governing the recognition of foreign insolvency orders and assistance to foreign representatives that are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act. (2) Nothing in this Part requires the court to make any order that is not in compliance with the laws of Canada or to enforce any order made by a foreign court. Section 284 is the same as current subsections 268(5) and (6) of the BIA (5) Nothing in this Part prevents the court, on the application of a foreign representative or any other interested person, from applying such legal or equitable rules governing the recognition of foreign insolvency orders and assistance to foreign representatives as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act. (6) Nothing in this Part requires the court to make any order that is not in compliance with the laws of Canada or to enforce any order made by a foreign court. Insolvencies was fairly general. The proposed amendment follows the Senate recommendation to adopt the Model Law. Consideration was given to adding a reciprocity clause and provisions to ensure the creation of Canadian creditors committees, as recommended by the Senate. However, it was determined that these would not be consistent with furtherance of international harmony in insolvency laws

30 that the Senate Committee endorsed and would not be consistent with Canadian support for the Model Law, which it helped to develop.

31 BIA s.285 Review Clause 285. (1) Within five years after the coming into force of this section, the Minister shall cause to be laid before both Houses of Parliament a report on the provisions and operation of this Act, including any recommendations for amendments to those provisions. (2) The report stands referred to the committee of the Senate, the House of Commons or both Houses of Parliament that is designated or established for that purpose, which shall (a) as soon as possible after the laying of the report, review the report; and (b) report to the Senate, the House of Commons or both Houses of Parliament, as the case may be, within one year after the laying of the report of the Minister, or any further time authorized by the Senate, the House of Commons or both Houses of Parliament. The Canadian insolvency regime must meet the needs of the economy, whose needs rarely stand still but continue to evolve due to competition, external pressures and the changing marketplace. By providing for a review every five years, Industry Canada will be able to address issues that have developed and adjust previous amendments to ensure that they are accomplishing what was intended when they were made (1) This Act shall, on the expiration of five years after the coming into force of this section, stand referred to such committee of the Senate, of the House of Commons or of both Houses of Parliament as may be designated or established to review the administration and operation of this Act. (2) The committee shall, within one year after beginning the review or within such further time as the Senate, the House of Commons or both Houses of Parliament, as the case may be, may

32 authorize, submit a report on the review to that House or both Houses, including a statement of any changes to this Act that the committee would recommend. The reform follows Senate recommendation #45.

33 123 BIA s.36(2), 51(3), 52, 66.16, 105, 106, 108 and 114 Chair 123. The English version of the Act is amended by replacing the word chairman with the word chair wherever it occurs in the following provisions: (a) subsection 36(2): (b) subsection 51(3); (c) section 52; (d) section 66.16; (e) sections 105 and 106; (f) section 108; and (g) section 114. Sections 36(2), 51(3), 52, 66.16, 105, 106, 108 and 114 were modernized by removing gender specific terminology. None. None.