INTER-CLUSTER MISSION TO SWA

Transcription

1 INTER-CLUSTER MISSION TO SWA 4-7 AUGUST 2015 South Waziristan Agency FATA, Pakistan August 2015 Compiled by OCHA Pakistan Introduction... 2 Background... 2 Objectives... 2 Methodology... 2 Map: denotified assessed areas.. 4 Cluster-specific findings... 5 Community restoration... 5 Education... 5 Food security... 6 Health and nutrition... 7 Protection... 9 Shelter... 9 WASH Conclusions All water supply schemes require rehabilitation. Only 1 of 8 schemes are currently functional. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY An inter-cluster assessment mission was conducted to Sarwakai, Sararogha and Tiarza s South Waziristan Agency from 4 to 7 August The mission covered a sample of 47 villages that were recently de-notified by authorities. The Government has planned to facilitate the return of some 15,000 to 20,000 families to these areas. Key findings An estimated 80 to 95 per cent of private houses were damaged due conflict and more than seven years of weather damage. No crops were being cultivated and markets were not functional. People Tiarza do not have access to the current food distribution hub at Moula Khan Sarai, as villages in between are still notified. Health facilities have been badly damaged or destroyed. They do not have access to water or proper sanitation. There were no staff at the health facilities in denotified villages. No female doctors were available in the area. There is also a lack of medicines available. All water supply schemes need some rehabilitation. Only one of eight schemes are currently functional. Schools for boys and girls were badly damaged. Some construction has already started. Acute malnutrition rates among IDPs were high (> 14 per cent). An estimated 80 per cent of houses have substantial damage. No crops are being cultivated and there are no functioning markets in return areas. Health facilities are badly damaged, and lacking medical personnel and medicines (with no female doctors available) Recommendations Provide shelter and NFI to meet the immediate needs of returnees. Provide of food, seeds and tools to help restart livelihoods. Establish an additional food distribution hub for people in Tiarza. Provide school tents as an interim education measure while setting up schools with furniture, school supplies and access to water. Extend existing nutrition services to newly de-notified areas. These should be coordinated with those provided in areas of displacement. Authorities should facilitate humanitarian access to Wana for assessments, monitoring, and other operational activities. For feedback, queries or comments about this inter-cluster mission or the report, please contact OCHA Pakistan at ochapakistan@un.org

2 SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background The security operation in South Waziristan Agency (SWA) in 2009 led to the exodus of some 43,000 families (approximately 258,000 people) all of them from the Mehsud tribe. The majority of the IDP population took refuge with host communities in the adjoining districts of Dera Ismail Khan and Tank. Returns to the area were continuous from 2010 to 2013, although most of the families were unregistered. To address this situation and to ensure a comprehensive registration process, an additional 26,000 families were registered for return in January Presently some 62,000 are displaced within DI Khan and Tank. As per the Returns Task Force meeting held on 22 June 2015, the authorities expect to return 15,000 to 20,000 NADRA verified families to 47 villages of Tiarza (21 villages), Serwakai (12 villages), and Sararogha (14 villages). All villages in Tiarza have been de-notified for the first time. The humanitarian community played a vital role in the provision of food, shelter/nfis, WASH, health, nutrition and livelihoods to support returns, and resettlement. As a follow-up to the inter-cluster security assessment mission of July 2015, the inter-cluster assessment mission to SWA was undertaken from 4 to 7 August Objectives The purpose of the rapid assessment was to: Determine whether the proposed return areas are appropriate for resettlement. Gather information on the status, quality, and quantity of services provided in the Agency, and to generate a basic profile of the humanitarian situation in these areas for the planning of short- and medium-term support operations. 1.3 Methodology The mission held meetings with the political administration, FDMA, and the military in 8 out of the 47 de-notified villages. Topics regarding assess the needs and gaps in services, the possibilities of return of IDPs to their place of origin, and the potential of humanitarian operations were discussed. The authorities facilitated travel to any denotified village requested, and directed the team to public facilities that were renovated. In addition the mission visited areas where returns had already taken place. Limitations Due to the long distances required to reach villages, limited time was available for mission members to effectively assess the situation on ground. Furthermore, the villages were chosen based on proximity and vehicular access due to the limited time available. Thus, the team only managed to visit villages in s Serwakai and Tiarza, and could not go to Sararogha. There were no female participants on the mission. This limits the amount of information that affects females specifically that could be collected. Since no spontaneous returns have taken place in these villages, it was difficult to further verify the overall situation of facilities available in the area. The team also experienced logistical challenges with their accommodation. Meetings with military and civil administration The mission held meetings/discussions with the following officials: Col. Zakir, Deputy Commander 327 Brigade, Barwand Task Force, Serwakai Col. Amir, Deputy Commander 36 AK, Tiarza (to observe the basic services in the de-notified villages where the population intend to return) Mr. Nawab Khan, Assistant Political Officer in SAW, Thesil Serwakai and Sararogha (to discuss the support provided by the government to returnees) Mr. Syed Umar, Agency Coordinator, FDMA Tank The authorities briefed the mission team on the current plans for IDP returns, which are scheduled for 31 August. The embarkation point previously in Kour Fort (20 km from Tank city) has been shifted forward to Khairgai check point in

3 South Waziristan Agency INTER-CLUSTER MISSION TO SWA Frontier Region (FR) Tank (40 km from Tank city). Families will assemble at the embarkation point from where they will be issued the SWRFC (South Waziristan Return Facilitation Card) by the military, giving them access to SWA. NADRA registered verified families are required to fill a voluntary return form by UNHCR. The political administration will provide a mobile SIM cards through which they will receive a transportation grant of Rs.10,000 per family. The authorities have enlisted about 5,500 families and will continue enlisting until 15 August, at which point the total number of potential returns will be shared with humanitarian agencies. The authorities indicated that rehabilitation/renovation of schools, water supply schemes and health facilities is in progress and will gather momentum after returns, as there are problems with the availability of labor, especially skilled labor. Rehabilitation of the following main roads has been completed: Tank to Jandola and on to Makeen (108 km); between Kaur Fort, Gomal and Wana (101 km); and Tank to Wana (175 km). Also about 75 km road has been completed with the support of the UAE government which connects the Mehsud and Wazir areas from Wana to Makeen. Projects are currently underway with the rehabilitation of the water supply schemes, and contractors were seen working on water supply restoration. Authorities also reported to have undertaken solar electricity projects to some of the schools and health facilities of the return areas, however the electricity to houses has yet to be restored. Figure 1: Damage to health facilities. Photo credit: WHO Figure 2: Damage to housing due to weather. Photo credit: UNHCR 3

4 !!!!!!! INTER-CLUSTER MISSION TO SWA South Waziristan Agency South Waziristan Agency: Inter-Agency De-notified and Assessed Areas Legend P District capitals Administartive Boundaries International Provincial District!!!! Line of control North Waziristan Agency Makin Ladha FR Bannu FR Lakki Marwat Bannu Lakki Marwat Roads Coastline Primary Secondary Tertiary River De-notified Areas Assessed Areas Birmal Tiarza Saraogha FR Tank P Wana Wana Serwekai Tank P Tank Afghanistan ± 10 km Toi Khulla De-notified list: FDMA Map data source(s):gaul, PBS, Logistic Cluster, OCHA, FDMA (settlements) Date: 19 August 2015 Disclaimers:The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted line represents approximately the Line of Control in Jammu and Kashmir agreed upon by India and Pakistan. The final status of Jammu and Kashmir has not yet been agreed upon by the parties. Sheerani FR DI Khan TURKMENISTAN IRAN AFGHANISTAN A r a b i a n S e a Balochistan TAJIKISTAN Dera Ismail Khan PA K I S T A N Sindh FATA KP Punjab Jammu & INDIA CHINA Kashmi r 4

5 South Waziristan Agency INTER-CLUSTER MISSION TO SWA SECTION 2: CLUSTER SPECIFIC FINDINGS 2.1 Community restoration The physical infrastructure of the de-notified areas is either fully or partially damaged, water irrigation channels and sewage lines are blocked, access roads to villages are in poor condition, small bridges are needed for access to some of the villages. Debris removal and cleaning of the villages should a priority. Local markets are not functioning due to displacement. Many are closed and require rehabilitation due to long closure and abandonment. The Pakistan Army is working on the rehabilitation of drinking water supply schemes in the newly denotified villages; however these efforts will not fulfill all needs of returnees. There are additional needs for networking, construction and rehabilitation of water supplies. Support for solar power schemes may be useful due to energy issue in the conflict zones. Mosques, markets, parks, community centers and reconstruction and other social services are being rehabilitated by the Pakistan Army, and government under the Governor Development Programme, the Annual Development Programme, and the Winning Hearts and Minds programmes. There is a potential for income generation through the grafting of wild olives. Recommendations: Funding for debris removal and cleaning of the villages, social services facilities and market rehabilitation and reconstruction. The creation of livelihood opportunities through cash for work (CFW) activities and rehabilitation of community infrastructure schemes. Rehabilitation of social services schemes i.e. water sanitation lines, irrigation channels, street pavements, access roads, and small bridges and culverts. Identification and promotion of alternate sources of livelihoods in the area such as enterprise development and entrepreneurships through cash grants, soft loans and commodity support. Demand driven technical and vocational skills training programmes for youth, particularly women, will play significant role in the livelihoods rehabilitation and early recovery programmes. Cultural sensitive awareness campaign for community members engaged in community restoration activities about peace, social cohesion, protection and risk education as they will be the ones to identify/ prioritize community infrastructure schemes, identify CFW beneficiaries etc as well as engage returnees in debris removal, cleaning and rehabilitation. 2.2 Education There are an estimated 25 to 30 schools in the vicinity (Serwakai, Tehasil, Tiyarzai). The exact number of schools (with the enrollment and facilities) could not be ascertained as a formal meeting could not be conducted with the line department (i.e. Office of the Agency Education Office SWA). However, the field visit and briefing from the military administration of the area presented an overall picture of the situation. It is obvious that almost all the schools in the localities were either partially or fully damaged in the conflict. Figure 3: School rehabilitation. Photo credit: WHO 5

6 INTER-CLUSTER MISSION TO SWA South Waziristan Agency Recommendations: The relocation of teaching staff should be done swiftly. Upon the return of the IDPs (coupled with the relocation of teaching staff) the school tents should be provided in suitable and safe locations, and equipped with appropriate teaching aids (i.e. School in a box). The school tents should be accompanied with plastic sheets for the children to sit on. Furniture should be provided to the teaching staff. Required textbooks (with stationary and school bags) are needed. If required, the children should be given an accelerated Learning Programme (ALP) at least for the current year in order to recuperate some of the time lost during the displacement. There will be a need of transition from school tent to more tangible structures in some areas. This should be done before the winter season as the tents can not withstand the heavy snowfall in the area. 2.3 Food security Sarwakai : A total four villages (New Raghzai, Tor Raghzai, Babi Kheil and Azghal Zai) were visited inside Sarwakai, SWA. No families have returned to these villages. The mission was allowed to view the villages inside and take photographs. While passing returnee villages, normal life was observed: markets were open and children were playing in parks. It was observed that a market facility was constructed by the military at Rishwara (New Raghzai) and was ready for handover after return, to the local people for their business. Mosques were observed under renovation. No local transport service was observed inside de-notified areas of SWA. Markets were not functional. Security agencies offered the opinion that there will be a need of food rations immediately after returns to avoid food related security issues. In all the above visited villages local security formations and FDMA proposed that WFP should assist returnees through the humanitarian hub at Mula Khan Sara, which is more secure due to its proximity to army temporary installations/offices. There were no crops cultivated and irrigation channels were damaged. There is scope for food for work (FFW) activities, which will be more beneficial in food assistance provision to unregistered families. Tiarza : Spoon Kach, Torwam, Khaza Nar and Sholam, were visited inside Tiarza of SWA. No families have returned to these villages. The mission was allowed to view the villages inside and take photographs. While passing returnee villages, normal life was observed: markets were open and children were playing in parks. Mosques were observed under renovation. No local transport service was observed inside de-notified areas of SWA. Markets were not functional. Security agencies offered the opinion that there will be a need of food rations immediately after returns to avoid food related security issues. All the villages are about 80 to 90 km away from the Mula Khan Saray distribution point and it is impossible for returnees to access, so another separate hub will be required for Tiarza Returnees food assistance. In all the above visited villages local security formations and the FDMA along with the Political Administration proposed that WFP should establish a humanitarian hub at Tiarza Fort which is more secure due to its proximity to army temporary installations/offices. The proposed site was visited by WFP and DSS and was found suitable for the establishment of a hub. This hub is also accessible to returnees of 20 other villages (16,000 to 17,000 individuals) in Tiarza. Sararogha : No single village of tehsil Sararogha of SWA was visited during the mission time period due to time shortage but based on FDMA information the returnees could be assisted from WFP Sararogha Hub which is already established for returnees food assistance. During the meeting in Sholam 36 AK HQ, Col. Amir requested that WFP start food assistance inside tehsil Tiarza for returnees of 20 villages (16,000 to 17,000 individuals) on 31 August This recommendation is based on lessons learned observed in the last return. 6

7 South Waziristan Agency INTER-CLUSTER MISSION TO SWA It was also recommended that WFP conduct an internal assessment mission for the establishment of humanitarian hubs inside SWA. Mobile food distribution was also discussed and it was suggested that WFP could facilitate if more time is required to establish hubs at Tiarza. Two sites were identified and proposed by the security agency for the establishment of humanitarian hubs: Sholam village in tehsil Tiarza, and Tiarza Fort. Tiarza Fort was found suitable for establishment of Hub because it was more secure and with a storage facility, front open space, and easily accessible to all returnees of 20 villages of Tiarza of SWA. Figure 4: Market rehabilitation. Photo credit: FAO Agriculture and livestock: The livelihood of the residents of SWA is totally dependent on agriculture and livestock but during the displacement IDPs lost most of their livestock which was the main source of their livelihoods. Animals were seen in the area and they were wild, infected by different diseases. Agriculture land is totally barren due to non-cultivation for past six years. Orchards are completely ruined in the area. Civil veterinary dispensaries and agriculture offices located in Sarwakai and Tiarzai s are nonfunctional because the building is levelled, which were the only centers located in the newly de-notified area. Cemented irrigation channels were badly damaged and silted, and were not in condition to irrigate the catchment lands, while condition of the KachaIzai was also deplorable due to high siltation. Recommendations: Preparations agricultural livelihoods for the upcoming season. Provision of agricultural toolkits Livestock restocking Livestock medicines including de-wormers, antibiotics, external parasitizes, mobile veterinary clinic and rehabilitation of veterinary centers Rehabilitation of de-siltation of katcha (non-cemented) and Pakka (cemented) irrigation channels Provision of fruit trees and nurseries. 2.4 Health and nutrition Health: There are seven health facilities (as per military sources, while the line department quotes eight health facilities) in Tiarza, four health facilities in recently de-notified villages of Sarwakai tehsil, and four health facilities were identified in the previously de-notified villages where returns have occurred. In Tiarza, one out of the four facilities has been renovated by the military and is ready, while all others are damaged to varying degrees. Likewiese in Serwakai tehsil one facility is operational while three need rehabilitation. The facilities require major rehabilitation work to be fully functional. No staff have returned to the health facilities in the de-notified villages. Agency health authorities are committed to sending back staff once returns are started. There are challenges in facilitating the location 7

8 INTER-CLUSTER MISSION TO SWA South Waziristan Agency of female staff. There are extreme shortages of staff and most of the health facilities are run by medical technicians only. Occasionally a Lady Health Volunteer is available, but no female doctors are available. The Agency Headquarters Hospital in Wana is the only health facility in the area where female doctor are available, mostly due to security threats. Most of the villages are in difficult terrain and are only accessible by foot. Health facilities are located far apart and hence access is difficult. Before the military operation, there was a Type D Hospital under construction near the Chagmalai area on the road side, but when the operation started seven years back the construction was halted and the building is in a very bad condition. As per sources, the government is reluctant to complete the project and instead has proposed another category D hospital in Sarai Mola Khan area. Figure 5: Damage to health facilities. Photo credit: WHO Common diseases in the area are diarrhea and other waterborne diseases. Water is scarce in the area. The lack of proper sanitation and WASH systems will also complicate the situation. Concerning polio vaccinations, it was communicated that the activities in the de-notified areas will be started as the community is repatriated but in other parts of SWA polio vaccination was about to start on 5 August. SWA is one of the polio reservoir agency/districts out of the 14 identified in Pakistan and carries a high risk for transmission. Recently a positive polio case has been reported from Sarwakai tehsil. The authorities were urged to provide maximum possible access and security to polio teams to carry out the necessary activities, to which they generously agreed and assured all possible support. The contact details of the military officials in the were provided to the polio team for their coordination and operational issues Nutrition: Before the displacement there were no nutrition services available in these areas however during the displacement period, IDP families residing in DI Khan and Tank, were enrolled in OTP and TSFP programme which need to continue/resume in the areas of return in the recently de-notified areas. High malnutrition rates exist among these populations, and the acute malnutrition rate is greater than 14 per cent. Although nutrition programmes were activated in the previously de-notified eight health facilities of Sarwakai and Sararogha (four in each tehsil), but there will be a need to start services in catchment of recently de-notified areas. Recommendations: All the available health facilities need to be made functional, with proper staff such as doctors/ paramedics, lady health workers, lady health voluneers (LHVs) and vaccination technicians. Complete package of primary health care services including Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (MNCH) should be ensured and strengthened with the possibility of establishing disease surveillance system. BEMONC services needs to be ensured on a 24/7 basis. Female health staff, preferably a woman doctor with experience in gynaecology should be deputed, or in the presence of LHVs/Midwives be provided with clean delivery kits. Routine immunization activities and polio immunization needs to be ensured, with provision of equipment such as solar panels for maintaining cold chain of vaccines etc. A huge gap was observed in medicines and supplies, hence all essential medicines and supplies needs to be provided. 8

9 South Waziristan Agency INTER-CLUSTER MISSION TO SWA Referral mechanism needs to be strengthened for 24/7 functionality Linkages with other programmes must be developed such as nutrition and WASH to address the priority issues such as mitigating the risks of outbreaks of waterborne diseases and acute malnutrition. Preventive programmes such as the LHW programme, malaria control, tuberculosis control programme needs to be re-activated and strengthened to provide much needed services to the returning vulnerable population. Nutrition programmes (OTP and TSFP) are critical for the new IDP arrivals which must be followed by preventative measures including Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices (IYCF) and supplementation of micronutrients for pregnant and lactating mothers. Blanket supplementary feeding programme for children under five years is highly recommended. Establishment of a nutrition stabilization centre at agency headquarter hospital in Wana is crucial. Multi-micronutrient distribution will be required as soon as possible. A detailed nutrition status rapid need assessment of children under five years of age and pregnant and lactating women is required after returns of IDPs in to SWA. 2.5 Protection The security situation was stable in the de-notified areas; and was confirmed by local returnees in Sarwakai tehsil working as labourers. The military had cleared all the areas including compounds in the areas of return from un-exploded ordnances and mines. In Sarwakai tehsil in the recent return villages there is no curfew, which is one indicator of the security situation. There are some villages in Sarella, Babikhel of Sarwakai tehsils, where access was difficult before the displacement with small pedestrian paths throughout the hills. As those paths were not used for many years there is the likelihood of difficult access for children, elderly, women, the infirm, pregnant ladies, and persons with disabilities. The total population of these three villages is around 100 households. The rehabilitation of services especially schools and health facilities will take some time and will create challenges for women and children. There is also a possibility of physical injuries to children in areas of return while they help their families in cleaning, and debris removal of their damaged houses. People with special needs will remain a high risk group in terms of accessing basic services such as health, education etc. The returnees will be receiving ATM card with compensation amount worth PKR 25, however the ATM facility is not available in areas of return and all of them have to travel out from SWA to settled districts to access their amount. There will be challenges for women-headed households and the un-educated population to operate an ATM card for the first time in their life. The livelihood opportunities are crucial, as the returnees must simultaneously work on the rehabilitation of their damaged houses, and the rehabilitation of their income sources particularly farming and small and medium businesses revival. 2.6 Shelter Most of the houses in the de-notified villages were constructed with traditional local material (mud), with a minimal use of bricks. The compounds had tall boundary walls (5 to 6 m high) made of mud. The top of the boundary walls were covered with a T-shape slab, which projected (approximately 30 cm) on both sides in order to protect the walls from rain. Because of these projections, there was less damage to boundary walls. Approximately 70 to 80 per cent of the houses that were randomly visited were substantially damaged due to weather or the lack of maintenance, as the residents were absent for a long period of time. The boundary walls of the houses were intact, however roofs were either partially of fully damaged. Due to roof collapse, debris was found in the rooms such as twisted steel girders, T-irons, broken wooden beam, etc. There were a few compounds (approximately 5 per cent) whose boundary walls were also damaged. The roof design of all the houses is flat. In some houses, steel girders have been used as beams, over which either T-irons or wooden beams were used to bear the load roofing material. Over this, local bushes were used as roofing material with a final coat of mud plaster. Some of the houses were made of 9

10 INTER-CLUSTER MISSION TO SWA South Waziristan Agency a combination of steel girders, T-iron and brick tiles. During random checking it was found that approximately 20 to 30 per cent houses had at least one dry room available for living. On the second day, the team visited three villages (Torwam, Spoon Kach, and Poya) in Tiarza. The type of construction, material, boundary wall and the level of damages in these villages were similar to Sarwakai. Due to the long distances of travel, the team only managed to visit three villages. The mission was briefed by military officials at their base in Spin Jamat, Tiarza. They informed that Tiarza is a snow-bound area. However, the intensity of the snow low (up to 7 cm) and it melts very quickly in a day or so. Therefore all the houses in these villages had flat roofs except a few government buildings which have truss shape GI sheet roof. The team randomly visited a few houses in the area and noted that the boundary walls of most of the compounds were intact while the rooms were damaged with roof debris inside the rooms. Approximately 70 to 80 per cent of the houses were damaged due to non-maintenance. However, there was at least one dry room available in 20 to 30 per cent of the houses that could be used by the returnees for living. The boundary walls of the houses were made of either mud or a combination of mud and stone masonry. The roofs of houses were flat mud roof having steel girders or strong wooden beams, wooden planks and wood battens being used to bear the load of the roofing material. Over this bearing structure local bushes were used as roofing material with a final coat of mud plaster. During the assessment, it was found that majority of the houses in both s were substantially damaged. Returnees having damaged houses will encounter shelter problems upon their return, as they will require time to repair the damaged houses. Shelter and NFI assistance will be provided to those families whose houses are not in livable condition based on the criteria set by Shelter cluster. It is important to note that the sample size collected for assessment is very small due to limited time and long distances. Therefore, a detailed shelter/nfis assessment is needed in the area of origin in order to get realistic data. On the first day, a total of three de-notified villages were visited in Sarwakai (New Raghzai, Tor Raghzai and Asghalzai). The mission was briefed by Deputy Commander of Pakistan military forces at their base in New Raghzai. Level 3 mine sweeping of these de-notified villages had already being done and the houses are marked with a symbol S. They further mentioned that military is conducting minesweeping on a regular basis. After briefing, the military forces accompanied the mission and facilitated visits to the villages where the proposed returns will occur. 2.7 WASH Figure 6: Damage to housing due to weather. Photo credit: UNHCR The team visited villages in Tiarza. There are eight drinking water supply schemes in Tiarza, out of which only one is in the process of rehabilitation by the Pakistan Army. The rest of the schemes are under repair by the military and political authorities. Surface water, dug wells, hand pumps and pressure pumps are other options for drinking water. The average water table in the areas is around 55 metres. In some areas water table is as high as 15 to 18 metres. In the area of Azghalzai, no water options are available to the returnees. Several attempts at drilling bore holes were made by locals, but were unsuccessful due to the mountainous terrain. The only current solution is that local people use a spring which is almost 2 km away from their location. This indirectly poses a threat to the females in community as they are mainly responsible for fetching water. The provision 10

11 South Waziristan Agency INTER-CLUSTER MISSION TO SWA of water storage containers will be the basic requirement of the people. In terms of sanitation, only latrines were available, but have also been badly damaged. Prior to the conflict and military operations, only 25 per cent of the population had access to latrines, and the rest were relying on open defecation. This figure is the lowest among all the Agencies in FATA. Open defecation is likely to be practiced following returns. The occurrence of water and sanitation-born diseases will be common and will effect children and women especially. The overall nutritional status of children will be at risk with exposure to these diseases. The provision of basic sanitation facilities and hygiene-promotion activities would be very much required once the return takes place. Due to the busy schedule and shortage of time, meetings with the government line departments were not held and the mission only had interactions with the military. The military requested support in the provision of clean drinking water through tankering during the interim period (approximately three months) until rehabilitation work is completed. Water tanks, hygiene kits, and sanitation kits were also requested to be provided to the returnees. WASH in schools was also noted as a concern. Assistance in terms of rehabilitation of drinking water supply systems was also requested by the authorities. 11

12 INTER-CLUSTER MISSION TO SWA South Waziristan Agency SECTION 3: CONCLUSIONS 3.1 Recommendation for support The findings showed that the damage to the areas of return was far greater than anticipated. The scale of damage was generally more than in other recently denotified areas including in North Waziristan Agency. The findings indicated significant damage to an estimated 80 to 95 per cent of all private houses. Food security is likely to be an issue for returnees with no crops being cultivated, markets were not functional and people in some areas do not have access to humanitarian hubs for WFP food distributions. Health facilities are damaged or destroyed with limited medicines and staff, and no female doctors available in the area. Only one of eight water supply schemes are currently functional in the areas covered while most schools are not functional. On 11 August 2015, a joint HRT and ICCM meeting deliberated on the findings of the mission taking into account the access limitations placed on the mission team. The HRT/ICCM recommended to the HCT that humanitarian support should be extended to the returnees if the Government authorities can: Assure that the humanitarian community including the UN and I/NGOs will be given access both in terms of project and travel NOCs Provide accommodation for humanitarian staff members to monitor the projects/activities Provide safe locations for the establishment of humanitarian distribution hubs in the return areas. If these conditions are met, support from the humanitarian community should include: Shelter and NFIs to meet the immediate needs of returnees. Food, seeds and tools to help restart livelihoods. Establish an additional food distribution hub for people in Tiarza. School tents as an interim education measure while setting up schools with furniture, school supplies and access to water. Extend existing nutrition services to newly de-notified areas. These should be coordinated with those provided in areas of displacement. Authorities should facilitate humanitarian access to Wana for assessments, monitoring, and other operational activities. 3.2 Mission participants 1. Mr. Zulfiqar Ali, CoRe Cluster 2. Mr. Fayyaz Khan, Shelter Cluster 3. Mr. Irshad Khan, Security UNDSS 4. Mr. Asif Mehmood, WASH Cluster 5. Mr. Sardar Hayat, Health & Nutrition Cluster 6. Mr. Jawad Ullah, Protection Cluster 7. Mr. Qaiser Sultan, Food Securty 8. Mr. Malik Bilal, Food Security 9. Mr. Farrukh Zeb, Education Cluster 10. Mr. Rehmat Wali, UNOCHA (Mission Team Leader) 12