Priestly Courses for the Years A.D

Transcription

1 Priestly Courses for the years A.D. 70-B.C. Tending to Prove the December 25 th Birth of Our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ Revised , 2013 Kurt Simmons Charts may be freely reproduced for noncommercial purposes, with credit to the author The following charts recreate the weeks of the Hebrew calendar and priestly courses for the years B.C. - A.D. 70. The Hebrew calendar was reformed in the fifth century by Hillel II and contains elements not present in Jesus day. Hillel s reforms include various postponements of Rosh Hashanah ( 1, the Jewish New Year) to prevent it and other feast days from falling on or next to the Sabbath. To accomplish this, Rosh Hashanah is made to occur only on set days under differing conditions, and the length of the year adjusted accordingly between 353, 354, and 355 in regular years, and 383, 384, and 385 in leap years. Because these postponements did not exist in Jesus day, the present-day Hebrew calendar is not a reliable guide to ancient dates, and offers at best only an approximation. However, because it is widely employed, we have used it here except where the dates produced are known to be in error or conflict with the testimony of history. Specifically, Jewish tradition dating 80 years from the event tells us that the 9 th of Ab the week the temple was destroyed the second time fell on a Sunday. However, Hillel s calendar causes this day to fall on a Saturday, one day off. Scripture tells us Jesus died on Good Friday, 15, A.D. 33, but Hillel s calendar places 15 on a Saturday. Finally, Hippolytus (A.D ) placed Dec. 25 th in 2 B.C. on a Wednesday, but Hillel s calendar again places this on a Saturday. In all these cases we have corrected the present charts to conform with scripture and the testimony of history. However, as a given week will vary by seven days at most, for purposes of showing Christ could have been born Dec. 25 th, variations in the calendar will not affect the overall result.

2 Priestly Courses for the Years A.D AD 50 AD 51 AD 52 AD 53 AD 54 AD 55 AD 56 AD 57 AD 58 AD 59 AD 60 AD 61 AD 62 AD 63 AD 64 AD 65 AD 66 AD 67 AD 68 AD 69 AD Jehoiarib Jedaiah Harim There were courses of priests that served twice annually, plus Seorim such additional weeks 20- as were needed to fill 20- out the year (1 Chr :7-18). Each course would advance annually to the next station to 6. Jijamin fulfill 6-12 twenty-four years, then 6-12 the 1-7 cycle would 4-10 begin 6-12 anew. 1-7 The annual courses began on the Sabbath on or next preceding Hakkoz Abijah 20- Of 20- the courses, 18- two concern 20- us: Jehoiarib 18- (1 st ), and 20- Abijah (8 th ), Jeshua -1 the latter of which Zechariah, the father of John the Baptist, -30 belonged to (Luke 1:5) Eliashib Jakim Huppah Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet 20- The -27 Talmudic -1 Tebet Tract 20- Taanith, -27 on Fasting and -3 Fast-days, -27 states that the -1 course Tebet 20- of Jehoiarib Tabeth Josephus Tebet says that the courses Tebet served eight days, from Tebet Sabbath to Tebet was Tebet serving when the Tebet temple Tebet was destroyed Tebet 4-10 by Nebuchadnezzar Tebet Tebet in 586 B.C. and Tebet again by Tebet 15. Bilgah 7-13 Sabbath 9-15 (Ant. 7.7) The 5-11 weeks 9-15 are thus 9-15 laid out 5-11 to begin 9-15 with Titus 5-11 A.D , both 4-10 occurring 5-11 the of Ab (Jer 52:12; 5-11 J.W ) Immer Hezir -27 Saturday and end with Friday Whence do we know that the second Temple was also destroyed on the 9th of Ab? We have learned in -3 a Boraitha: 1-7 "A happy event -3 is credited to the day 3-9 on which -3 another happy event 1-7 happened, while a calamity is ascribed to the day when another calamity occurred; and it was said that when the first Temple 4-10 was 8-14 destroyed 3-9 it was 4-10 on the eve 6-12 preceding the 9th 4-10 of Ab, 6-12 which was 8-14 also the 3-9 night at 5-11 the 20. Jehezkel close of the Sabbath and also the close of the Sabbatical year. The watch at the time was that of. Jachin Gamul / 6-12 / 6-12 / Jehoiareb, and the Levites -30 were chanting in their 1-7 proper / 8-14 places, at that / moment 4-10 reciting -30 the passage -2 / 3-9 [Ps 94:]: "And he will bring back upon them their own injustice, and in their own wickedness will he. Delaiah / / / / 8-14 destroy them"; 6-12 and they 1-7 / 8-14 did not have time 4-10 to end the passage, / - which concludes, / "yea, he 1-7 will destroy / 17-. Maaziah them--the Lord our God," before the enemy entered and took possession of the Temple. This / / / / / / / / 1-7 II II II happened also at the destruction of the second Temple. bet II II 25. Jehoiarib / / / / 6-12 II / 6-12 II / / / 15-. Jedaiah / / Harim Because 3-9 the twenty-four year cycle 1-7 of ministration is determined 1-7 by 3-9 the juncture 5-11 of Jehoiarib and first week of on the one hand, and the week of Ab 8-14, A.D. 70, on the other, the cyclical. Seorim parameters of all other courses is governed by this result. As already noted, the week of Ab Jijamin represents -2 Jyar the -30 twenty-first -2 Jyar station of the -30 second ministration, -2 Jyar and therefore indicates Jyar the cycle -2 Jyar Jyar -2 Jyar Hakkoz began 3-9 in A.D Jyar If the juncture 3-9 of these Jyar two 1-7 Jyar points 3-9 turned out Jyar instead 1-7 Jyar to be the 3-9 sixteenth -2 Jyar station, Jyar Jyar Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar Jyar 3-9 Jyar Jyar 32. Abijah this would place the beginning of the cycle at A.D. 55. The beginning of all preceding cycles 33. Jeshua would -1 therefore Sivan also be -1 five Sivan years 20- earlier, with the -1 result Sivan that 20- the course of Abijah -1 Sivan in the year Sivan Sivan Sivan 35. Eliashib B.C. would serve Sivan five weeks earlier, Sivan moving Sivan the conception of Sivan John the Sivan Baptist an equal -1 Sivan number Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan -3 Sivan -3 Sivan 36. Jakim of weeks from the autumnal equinox, and Jesus birth fifteen months later the same distance from the winter solstice. If, on the other hand, the juncture of the two points occurred three The course of Jehoiarib was serving the week of Ab 8-14, A.D. 70, when 37. Huppah the temple was destroyed. The course of Jehoiarib served the 1 st & 25 th stations later, at the twenty-fourth station, Zachariah would then have served after the autumnal 39. Bilgah weeks. For it -2 to have been serving the week -2 of Ab -29 requires that it equinox. This would place the births of John and Christ beyond the summer and winter have been in its 2 nd ministration that year, and indicates it was the st 40. Immer solstices, 7-11 arguing 5-11 against 7-13 the verity 3-9 of their 5-11 received 7-13 birth-dates. 3-9 Thus, 5-11 the fact 7-13 that the stage of the -year cycle. To arrive at the beginning of the cycle we convergence of Jehoiarib with the weeks of 1 and Ab 8-14 occurs twenty-one steps apart 41. Hezir subtract , which brings us to A.D By reckoning backward in and only twenty-one steps -27 apart and so doing causes -27 the course of Abijah -27 in the year 3 B.C. to -27 year segments from A.D. 50, we -27 can identify the week and -27 month fall two -3 weeks Ab -3 before Ab the autumnal Ab -1 Ab equinox -3 argues Ab persuasively Ab -1 Ab not -3 only Ab that the Ab charts -27 are -1 Ab Ab Ab -3 Ab Ab -1 Ab -1 Ab Ab Zechariah, the father of John the Baptist, was serving when Gabriel 44. Jehezkel Ab 6-12 Ab Ab 1-7 Ab correct (they concur with historical tradition on both ends), but that John was in fact conceived and born about the time traditionally received, but more importantly, so also was Christ. appeared to him (Luke 1:9-20). From there, we can count forward to the births of John and Christ. 45. Jachin Gamul Delaiah Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul 20- Elul 20- Elul Elul Elul 48. Maaziah 4-10 Elul 4-10 Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul

3 Priestly Courses AD -49 AD AD 27 AD AD 29 AD 30 AD 31 AD 32 AD 33 AD 34 AD 35 AD 36 AD 37 AD 38 AD 39 AD 40 AD 41 AD 42 AD 43 AD 44 AD 45 AD 46 AD 47 AD 48 AD Jehoiarib Jedaiah Harim Seorim Jijamin Baptism 1-7 of Christ 4-10 Nov ( Jewish men began their public ministries when they were 30 yrs. old. Jesus was on the 7. Hakkoz 15), A.D threshold 8-14 of his birthday when 8-14 baptized by John in the th of Tiberius (A.D ) (Luke Abijah Jeshua :1, ). This means Jesus was born in 5-1 B.C. A person born in 2 B.C. -1 will turn 30 yrs. old -1 before the close of A.D. Therefore, Jesus 30 th birthday occurred sometime after his baptism, but before Dec. 31 st of that year. To identify the range of months, we reckon backward from his crucifixion. 11. Eliashib Assuming 7-13 the temptation following his Jakim forty-day fast was seven days 18- long, it Huppah Tebet Tebet -27 Tebet Tebet 20- Jesus -27 public ministry -3 was Tebet 3 ½ -27 years or 42 months. -1 Tebet 42 months 20- counting backward from -3 Tebet -3 Tebet 20- would have Tebet ended Dec. 25 th (Tebet 3). Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet 15Tebet th, A.D. 33, Tebet would 4-10 place Christ s Tebet baptism Tebet at 15 Tebet (Nov. Tebet 8) A.D. 29 Tebet (A.D Tebet Tebet 4-10 Tebet Jesus then returned to John who was was a leap year of 13 months). 15. Bilgah baptizing 5-11 in the Jordan 9-15 at 9-15 Bethabara, Immer Hezir where he made his first disciples, showing -3 he was now 1-7 turned yrs old The wedding at Cana (Epiphany) occurred Tebet 15 (Jan. 6). 20. Jehezkel Jachin Following his baptism, 18- Jesus 20- undertook a wilderness 20- fast and Gamul / / / 8-14 / / / / temptation in preparation for his public ministry. Since Jewish men. Delaiah / / / / 8-14 did 4-10 not begin active / - public teaching / 18- until 6-12 they were yrs old, / 18- and / / Maaziah 9-15 since he was only 29 when baptized, Jesus fast and temptation / / / / / / / / / 6-12 II II appear to have II been timed to end II on or about his 30 th birthday. II II II Jehoiarib / / / / / / / / / 20- II II. Jedaiah / / / Harim Jesus 3-9 died 5-11 Friday, , 3-9 A.D The week of thus serves as a baseline from which to. Seorim reconstruct the calendar of weeks Jijamin Jyar Jyar -2 Jyar -2 Jyar -2 Jyar Jyar -2 Jyar Jyar Jyar Hakkoz Jyar 1-7 Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar Jyar 3-9 Jyar Jyar 1-7 Jyar 5-11 Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar 32. Abijah Jeshua Sivan -3 Sivan -1 Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan 35. Eliashib Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan -3 Sivan Sivan Sivan 4-10 Sivan Sivan -3 Sivan 36. Jakim Huppah For how 16- could he have had -27 disciples, if He did not teach? And how could 18- He have taught, unless He had reached the age of a Master? For when He came to be baptized, He had not 39. Bilgah yet completed thirty years of age (for thus Luke, who has mentioned His years, has 40. Immer expressed it: Now 3-9 Jesus 5-11 was, as it 7-13 were, beginning to be thirty 7-13 years old, when 3-9 He came 5-11 to be baptized). Irenaeus, Contra Haeresies, II, 4, 5; Anti-Nicene Fathers, Vol. I, p Hezir Ab -3 Ab Ab 1-7 Ab -3 Ab Ab -27 Ab Ab Ab -3 Ab Ab -1 Ab -1 Ab Ab -1 Ab -3 Ab 1-7 Ab -1 Ab -3 Ab Ab 44. Jehezkel Ab Ab Ab Ab 45. Jachin Gamul Delaiah Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul 20- Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul 48. Maaziah Elul Elul 1-7 Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 6-12 Elul 4-10 Elul

4 Priestly Courses AD 2-25 AD 2 AD 3 AD 4 AD 5 AD 6 AD 7 AD 8 AD 9 AD 10 AD 11 AD 12 AD 13 AD 14 AD 15 AD 16 AD 17 AD 18 AD 19 AD 20 AD AD AD AD AD Jehoiarib Jedaiah Harim Seorim The Jews used a luni-solar calendar whose months were determined by the 6. Jijamin cycles of the moon. A lunar year of 12 months is 11 days shorter than the Leap years are determined by multiplying the Jewish year from creation by 5 (the 7. Hakkoz solar year The Jews 8-14 added one month 8-14 (II ) times in 19 years to bring number of lunations in a 19 year cycle), subtract 4, and divide by If the remainder 8. Abijah the 20- lunar calendar back in synchronization 18- with the solar 18- year. 20- Leap years Jeshua is 12 or above, it is a leap year; if less than -1 12, it is a regular year. For the -1 year A.D. 32, are indicated by yellow high-lighting at top. The extra month was added as a th the equation would be follows: 3792 x 5 = = = R14 month at the end of the 3-9 year. We do not know how 3-9 leap years 4-10 affected the progression of the priestly courses. The approach taken here is that each 11. Eliashib Jakim course 18- whose chance it was to serve in during a leap year 18- served an Huppah extra Tebet week, 20- allowing -27 for the uniform, -1 Tebet unbroken 20- progression Tebet of the courses. Tebet Tebet Tebet -3 Tebet 20- Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet 4-10 Tebet Tebet 4-10 Tebet Tebet 15. Bilgah Immer Hezir Jehezkel Jachin Gamul / / 6-12 / 4-10 / / / / Delaiah / / / / / / / / / Maaziah / / / 9-15 / / / / / / II II II II II II IIt 25. Jehoiarib 9-15 / / / / / / / / / II II. Jedaiah / / Harim Seorim The 8-14 Hebrew calendar was reformed 8-14 in 8-14 the fourth century 8-14 by Hillel 8-14 II and contains elements 8-14 not present in Jesus 7-13 day Hillel II s reforms include various postponements of Rosh Hashanah ( 1, -27 the Jewish New Year) to prevent it and 30. Jijamin Jyar -2 Jyar other feast days -30 from -2 falling Jyar on or next to the -2 Sabbath. Jyar To accomplish -30 this, Rosh Jyar Hashanah is -30 made to -2 occur Jyar only -27 on -2 Jyar Jyar 31. Hakkoz Jyar 1-7 Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar set days Jyar under 1-7 Jyar differing 3-9 conditions, Jyar and Jyar the 3-9 length of Jyar the year Jyar adjusted 1-7 Jyar accordingly 5-11 between Jyar 1-7 Jyar 353, 354, 3-9 and 355 Jyar in Jyar Abijah Jeshua regular years, and 383, 384, and in leap years Because these postponements did not exist in Jesus day, the Sivan Sivan present-day 20- Hebrew -1 calendar Sivan 20- is not 20- a reliable -1 Sivan guide 20- to ancient 20- dates, and -3 offers Sivan at 20- best only an -1 approximation. Sivan -1 Sivan -1 Sivan 35. Eliashib Sivan Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan -1 Sivan However, Sivan because Sivan it is widely employed, Sivan Sivan we have used Sivan it here except Sivan where Sivan 4-10 the dates produced Sivan Sivan are known to -3 be Sivan in Sivan 36. Jakim error 5-11 or conflict 7-13 with 9-15 the testimony 5-11 of 5-11 history Specifically, 5-11 Jewish 5-11 tradition 7-13 dating years 5-11 from 7-13 the event 9-15 tells 4-10 us that Huppah the 9 th of Ab the week the temple was destroyed the second time fell on a Sunday. However, Hillel s calendar causes this day to fall on a Saturday, one day off. Scripture indicates Jesus died on Good Friday, 15, A.D. 33, but Hillel 39. Bilgah -2-2 II s -2 calendar places 15-2 on a -2 Saturday. Finally, -2 Hippolytus -2 (A.D ) placed -2 Dec. 25 th in 2 B.C. on a 40. Immer Wednesday, but Hillel 7-13 II s calendar 3-9 again 3-9 places 7-13 this 3-9 on a Saturday. 3-9 In 5-11 all these 9-15 cases 3-9 we have 5-11 corrected 7-13 the present charts to conform with scripture and the testimony of history. However, as a given week will vary by seven days at 41. Hezir most, for purposes of -27 showing Christ could -27 have been born Dec. 25 th, variations in the calendar will -27 not affect 16- the -27 overall result. -1 Ab -3 Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab -3 Ab Ab -1 Ab -1 Ab Ab -1 Ab -1 Ab -3 Ab 1-7 Ab -1 Ab -3 Ab Ab -3 Ab -3 Ab Ab 44. Jehezkel Ab 6-12 Ab Ab Jachin Gamul Delaiah Elul Elul 20- Elul 20- Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul 48. Maaziah Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 6-12 Elul 4-10 Elul

5 Priestly Courses BC - AD 1 Gabriel appears to Zechariah Elul 27-4 BC BC BC 20 BC 19 BC 18 BC 17 BC 16 BC 15 BC 14 BC 13 BC 12 BC 11 BC 10 BC 9 BC 8 BC 7 BC 6 BC 5 BC 4 BC 3 BC 2 BC 1 BC AD 1 1. Jeshoiarib (Sept. 5-11) B.C Jedaiah Harim If conceived the nd week after Zechariah Seorim returned home, -30 this would be (Sept. -2 Counting forward from BC to 3 BC when John was ), about the time of the autumnal equinox. 6. Jijamin conceived shows that the course of Abijah would have 7. Hakkoz been 8-14 serving 8-14 at its twenty-first station 8-14 when Gabriel Abijah 20- appeared to Zechariah 18- ( BC 20- to 3 BC = ). 18- Assuming Jeshua -1-1 Zechariah s course was in its second ministration, this 4-10 would mean he was 3-9 on duty 4-10 the week of Elul Eliashib Jakim Huppah -27 Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet -27 Tebet -3 Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet 4-10 Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet 15. Bilgah Immer Elizabeth was in her sixth month when Gabriel appeared to Mary (Luke 1:, 36) about Jesus born weeks after John, week of Tebet 17. Hezir the time of the -3 vernal 1-7 equinox. 1-7 Mary then -3 abode 1-7 with Elizabeth 1-7 three -3 months (Luke (Dec. -27 ), B.C., the 3-9 day of :56, 57). John was therefore about six months older than our Lord. Six months is winter solstice in the Julian calendar weeks. Twenty-six weeks from John s birth about the week of June 20-, brings us to 20. Jehezkel the week of Dec Thus, both chronologies the priestly courses and Luke s Jachin 20- account of Jesus 18- baptism and wilderness 18- fast and temptation place 18- Christ s 20- birth Gamul -2 / / 6-12 / 6-12 / / 8-14 / / the week of December 25 th.. Delaiah / / / / / / / / / 16-. Maaziah -30 / / 9-15 / / / / / / / II II II II II IIt 6 II 25. Jehoiarib 8-14 / / 6-12 II / / / / 6-12 II / / / Jedaiah / / / / - 6 Each course would advance annually to the next station to fulfill Harim twenty-four years, 1-7 then the 1-7 cycle would 5-11 begin anew. 1-7 Zechariah Death of Herod the Great shortly was serving in the twenty-first year of his second course (the first before Passover (April 8) 1 B.C.. Seorim week of ) when Gabriel appeared to him Christ s birth about fifteen months later would have been the week of December 25 th 30. Jijamin Jyar -2 Jyar -2 Jyar Jyar (Tebet Jyar 3). -2 Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar 31. Hakkoz Jyar Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar 1-7 Jyar 1-7 Jyar Jyar 32. Abijah Jeshua Sivan -1 Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Eliashib Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Ab 3-9 Sovam 36. Jakim Huppah Bilgah Immer John born, 20- (June 20-) 2 B.C., 41. Hezir about -27 the time of the summer solstice Ab -3 Ab Ab Ab -3 Ab Ab -1 Ab -3 Ab Ab -1 Ab -1 Ab Ab Ab -3 Ab Ab -1 Ab -3 Ab -3 Ab 1-7 Ab Ab Ab -1 Ab 44. Jehezkel Ab Ab Jachin Gamul Charts without 16- text 16- boxes 20- are provided below Delaiah Elul Elul Elul 20- Elul Elul Elul for Elul further study and consultation. Elul 20- Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul -2 Elul Elul 48. Maaziah Elul Elul 4-10 Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul

6 Priestly Courses for the Years A.D AD 50 AD 51 AD 52 AD 53 AD 54 AD 55 AD 56 AD 57 AD 58 AD 59 AD 60 AD 61 AD 62 AD 63 AD 64 AD 65 AD 66 AD 67 AD 68 AD 69 AD Jehoiarib Jedaiah Harim Seorim Jijamin Hakkoz Abijah Jeshua Eliashib Jakim Huppah Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet 20- Tabeth Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet 4-10 Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet 15. Bilgah Immer Hezir Jehezkel Jachin Gamul / 6-12 / 6-12 / / 8-14 / / 3-9. Delaiah / / / / / / / / 17-. Maaziah / 4-10 II / 4-10 II / 4-10 II / / /6-12 bet 9-15 / II / 1-7 II 25. Jehoiarib / / / / 6-12 II / 6-12 II / / / 15-. Jedaiah / / Harim Seorim Jijamin -2 Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar -2 Jyar Jyar -2 Jyar Hakkoz Jyar 3-9 Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar 1-7 Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar Jyar 3-9 Jyar Jyar 32. Abijah Jeshua Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan 35. Eliashib Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan -3 Sivan -3 Sivan 36. Jakim Huppah Bilgah Immer Hezir Ab -3 Ab Ab -1 Ab -3 Ab Ab -1 Ab -3 Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab -3 Ab Ab -1 Ab -1 Ab Ab 44. Jehezkel Ab 6-12 Ab Ab 1-7 Ab 45. Jachin Gamul Delaiah Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul 20- Elul 20- Elul Elul Elul 48. Maaziah 4-10 Elul 4-10 Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul

7 Priestly Courses AD -49 AD AD 27 AD AD 29 AD 30 AD 31 AD 32 AD 33 AD 34 AD 35 AD 36 AD 37 AD 38 AD 39 AD 40 AD 41 AD 42 AD 43 AD 44 AD 45 AD 46 AD 47 AD 48 AD Jehoiarib Jedaiah Harim Seorim Jijamin Hakkoz Abijah Jeshua Eliashib Jakim Huppah Tebet Tebet -27 Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet -3 Tebet 20- Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet 4-10 Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet 4-10 Tebet Tebet 4-10 Tebet 15. Bilgah Immer Hezir Jehezkel Jachin Gamul / / / 8-14 / / / / Delaiah / / / / / / / / / Maaziah 9-15 / / / / / / / / / II II II II II II II 25. Jehoiarib / / / / / / / / / 20- II II. Jedaiah / / / Harim Seorim Jijamin Jyar Jyar -2 Jyar -2 Jyar -2 Jyar Jyar -2 Jyar Jyar Jyar Hakkoz Jyar 1-7 Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar Jyar 3-9 Jyar Jyar 1-7 Jyar 5-11 Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar 32. Abijah Jeshua Sivan -3 Sivan -1 Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan 35. Eliashib Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan -3 Sivan Sivan Sivan 4-10 Sivan Sivan -3 Sivan 36. Jakim Huppah Bilgah Immer Hezir Ab -3 Ab Ab 1-7 Ab -3 Ab Ab -27 Ab Ab Ab -3 Ab Ab -1 Ab -1 Ab Ab -1 Ab -3 Ab 1-7 Ab -1 Ab -3 Ab Ab 44. Jehezkel Ab Ab Ab Ab 45. Jachin Gamul Delaiah Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul 20- Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul 48. Maaziah Elul Elul 1-7 Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 6-12 Elul 4-10 Elul

8 Priestly Courses AD 2-25 AD 2 AD 3 AD 4 AD 5 AD 6 AD 7 AD 8 AD 9 AD 10 AD 11 AD 12 AD 13 AD 14 AD 15 AD 16 AD 17 AD 18 AD 19 AD 20 AD AD AD AD AD Jehoiarib Jedaiah Harim Seorim Jijamin Hakkoz Abijah Jeshua Eliashib Jakim Huppah Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet -3 Tebet 20- Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet 4-10 Tebet Tebet 4-10 Tebet Tebet 15. Bilgah Immer Hezir Jehezkel Jachin Gamul / / 6-12 / 4-10 / / / / Delaiah / / / / / / / / / Maaziah / / / 9-15 / / / / / / II II II II II II IIt 25. Jehoiarib 9-15 / / / / / / / / / II II. Jedaiah / / Harim Seorim Jijamin Jyar -2 Jyar Jyar -2 Jyar -30 Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar 31. Hakkoz Jyar 1-7 Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar Jyar 3-9 Jyar Jyar 1-7 Jyar 5-11 Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar Jyar Abijah Jeshua Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan -1 Sivan -1 Sivan 35. Eliashib Sivan Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan 4-10 Sivan Sivan -3 Sivan Sivan 36. Jakim Huppah Bilgah Immer Hezir Ab -3 Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab -3 Ab Ab -1 Ab -1 Ab Ab -1 Ab -1 Ab -3 Ab 1-7 Ab -1 Ab -3 Ab Ab -3 Ab -3 Ab Ab 44. Jehezkel Ab 6-12 Ab Ab Jachin Gamul Delaiah Elul Elul 20- Elul 20- Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul 48. Maaziah Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 6-12 Elul 4-10 Elul

9 Priestly Courses BC - AD 1 BC BC BC 20 BC 19 BC 18 BC 17 BC 16 BC 15 BC 14 BC 13 BC 12 BC 11 BC 10 BC 9 BC 8 BC 7 BC 6 BC 5 BC 4 BC 3 BC 2 BC 1 BC AD 1 1. Jeshoiarib Jedaiah Harim Seorim Jijamin Hakkoz Abijah Jeshua Eliashib Jakim Huppah -27 Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet -27 Tebet -3 Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet 4-10 Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet Tebet 15. Bilgah Immer Hezir Jehezkel Jachin Gamul -2 / / 6-12 / 6-12 / / 8-14 / /. Delaiah / / / / / / / / / 16-. Maaziah -30 / / 9-15 / / / / / / / II II II II II IIt 6 II 25. Jehoiarib 8-14 / / / / / / / / / II II 20. Jedaiah / / / / Harim Seorim Jijamin Jyar -2 Jyar -2 Jyar Jyar Jyar -2 Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar 31. Hakkoz Jyar Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar Jyar Jyar Jyar 1-7 Jyar 3-9 Jyar 1-7 Jyar 1-7 Jyar Jyar 32. Abijah Jeshua Sivan -1 Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Eliashib Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan -1 Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Sivan Ab 3-9 Sovam 36. Jakim Huppah Bilgah Immer Hezir Ab -3 Ab Ab Ab -3 Ab Ab -1 Ab -3 Ab Ab -1 Ab -1 Ab Ab Ab -3 Ab Ab -1 Ab -3 Ab -3 Ab 1-7 Ab Ab Ab -1 Ab 44. Jehezkel Ab Ab Jachin Gamul Delaiah Elul Elul Elul 20- Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul 20- Elul Elul Elul Elul Elul -2 Elul Elul 48. Maaziah Elul Elul 4-10 Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul 4-10 Elul Elul