DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX : NEPAL EARTHQUAKE 2015 DTM ROUND 5 : PUBLISHED 25 NOVEMBER 2015

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1 HIGHLIGHTS DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX : NEPAL EARTHQUAKE DTM ROUND : PUBLISHED NOVEMBER WHAT IS DTM? This Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) report is produced by the International Organization for Migration in its role as Camp Coordination and Camp Management (CCCM) Cluster Lead Agency. The DTM monitors the status and location of displaced populations in temporary displacement sites, gathering information about humanitarian needs and gaps of persons displaced by the earthquake. The data is collected primarily through key informant interviews, observations, small group discussions with both men, women and children. For more information on DTM in Nepal, please visit: in districts,, active sites hosting or more households assessed between October and November people from, households were living in sites hosting or more households new sites had become active after Round assessments and sites which were active in Round had been found closed in Round Number of persons living in sites with households or more by districts:,,,,,,,,,,,,, Dursa Gaang - DTM Round From mid-september through to November, the DTM team identified and visited potential displacement sites across the affected districts. Of these, were active and hosting households or more in camp-like settings while remaining were found closed or below DTM criteria ( or more households). These sites were hosting an estimated, households (, people). Of this population,, were female,, male and, were children under years old. Since the last round of DTM, the number of sites, IDPs and households has dropped by almost %, as can be seen in the table below: No. of camps, households and persons for camps hosting households or more in DTM Round,, and no. of sites no. of households no. of individuals Round,, Round,, Round,, Round,, Page of

2 DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX : NEPAL EARTHQUAKE DTM ROUND : PUBLISHED NOVEMBER Page of

3 DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX : NEPAL EARTHQUAKE DTM ROUND : PUBLISHED NOVEMBER. % DEMOGRAPHICS % % % Average household size in Round remained the same as in Round % % Male : Female % % of the displacement sites population are female. % decrease from % since the Round people living in displacement sites had injury related disability as the result of the earthquake < SPECIAL NEEDS % % % % %.% Pregnant women over.% Pregnant women under.% Breastfeeding mothers.% Persons with disabilities.% Unaccompanied/separated children.% Persons with chronic diseases.% Single-female headed households.% Single-child headed households.% Elderly headed households.% Marginalized caste/ethnicity Compared to DTM Round, there was a considerable decrease in total number of households living in displacement sites (from, to,) while the number of individuals had also continued to decrease (from, to,). This could mean that a number of households had either return to repair or rebuild their homes, or gone in search of livelihood opportunities elsewhere. It was also noted that there had been a slight decrease in proportion of female individuals living in displacement sites - from % in Round to % in Round which was initially noted increased in Round as compared to Round (%). It could be due to the reason that some of male members of household had gone back for cultivation as agriculture was one the main source of livelihood.,,,, Round Round Round Round no. of households,,,, no. of individuals, Bakhtapur, and have shown a significant decrease in the number of households living in displacement sites. This was due partly to return of people from some of large sites in (Chuchepati, Thali, Yellow Gumba/Namgel, Boudha, Dannchi, Gokarneshwor Park and Sherpa Camp), Bakhtapur (Maheshwori Football Ground, Bhelukhel, Suryamadi, Saraswati Vidyagriha, Bode Mulpani, Sano Byasi, Bramhayanipeeth, and Sahid Smarak Khel Maidan) and (Aalchi Danda, Lungurchet, Gesrang, Dungveerchet, Chapedanda and Aapswara). Number of households living in displacement sites in DTM Round,, and by district Chitwan Okhaldhunga Sindhuli,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Round Round Round Round Page of

4 DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX : NEPAL EARTHQUAKE DTM ROUND : PUBLISHED NOVEMBER URBAN DISPLACEMENT One site in and two in district had reported that most people on sites were renting their houses before the earthquake. % estimated households living in all assessed sites were renting their houses before the earthquake. Own, % Rented, % Did most people on site own or rent their house before the earthquake? A portion of sites were in urban settings in (%), (%), (%), (%) and (%). While making up a small portion of the displaced population, urban displacement poses very different policy and programmatic challenges from rural context. Location of displacement sites by district Rural Peri-Urban Urban MOBILITY & DISPLACEMENT % of sites are within minutes from place origin / habitual residence There were slightly more sites which are more than hours away from their place of origin when compared to Round, an increase from.% to %. For % of the sites, the majority of the households are between minutes to hours of their place or origin or habitual residence. What is the distance of site from place of origin / habitual residence? % % % % % District of place of habitual residence Less than mins - mins mins - hour - hours More than hours For most districts, the population in displacement sites are from the same districts. The exceptions are for sites in, and which has hosting households from, and. Where is the place of habitual residence of the largest IDP group? Out of the sites assessed, % of households intended to return to their place of origin; % to their place of habitual residence; % intended to relocate to a nearby village; and % were thinking to move elsewhere in the country. The remaining % currently do not have plan to leave displacement sites. Where is the area of intended return for majority of IDPs?.%.%.%.%.%.%.% Place of origin None (Stay here) Don't know Place of Habitual residence Nearest Village Other part in the country While slightly more households are planning to return to their place of origin when compared to Round (from % to %), more have no plan to leave the displacement sites (from % to %). Only % now plan to return to place of habitual residence before the earthquake, compared to % in Round. Well into upcoming winter season, fear of landslide and aftershock preventing return had decreased from % in DTM Round to % in this round but on the other hand damaged and destroyed houses (%) and lack of accessibility to basic services (%) remained some of main key factors preventing return. House.% damaged/destroyed Fear of landslide/aftershock.%.% Lack of access Other What is preventing the majority of IDPs from returning home? Page of

5 DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX : NEPAL EARTHQUAKE DTM ROUND : PUBLISHED NOVEMBER SITE MANAGEMENT Ownership: Of the sites assessed, were on private land while were on public/government land. Across the districts, however, the proportion of private and public land use varied widely.,, and saw significant number of public or government lands being used as displacement sites than other districts. Is there a site committee? % % What is the proportion of women in the site committee? % % % % Site Management Agency (SMA) is an external body that works to support the site committee, coordinate and advocate for assistance and protection in sites, as well as return or alternative durable solutions for the displaced population. At the time of assessment, the following agencies were carrying out site management activities: ACTED, Dwarika hotel, IOM, NCV, and People in Need. Number of sites and land ownership type (by district) CCCM cluster continues to prioritise the following districts for camp management and coordination, based on the population size, growth pattern, and the number of sites within the district:,,,,,, and. Private Public/Government No Yes Less than % % - % More than % None The majority of sites in (%), (%), (%), (%), (%) and (%) had site committees. Some of the sites in,, and had site committees whereas none in,, and at the time of assessment. Is there a site committee (by district)? No Yes % No Yes % Is there a site management agency? The identified SMAs were active in four districts;,, and. Is there a site management agency (by district)? No Yes Site Committees are composed of representatives of sites residents. In the sites assessed, sites were found to have site committees. Of the site committees identified, % had no female members (down from % in Round ), and % had less than % female members. Page of

6 DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX : NEPAL EARTHQUAKE DTM ROUND : PUBLISHED NOVEMBER SHELTER & NFIs For % of the sites, the most common type of shelter was temporary shelters using corrugated iron roofing sheets (CGIs), a marked increase from % in the last assessment. Most households of % sites were living in makeshift/tarpaulin shelters, while tents were most common in % of the sites (predominantly in Valley). In just % of the sites were the majority of people living inside buildings (collective center). What is the most common type of shelter? % % % % % % % % % % Temporary shelter Makeshift Tent Collective center In many cases, the lack of upgrade into temporary shelter indicated restrictions placed on the households by land owners rather than signifying lack of resources. What is the most common type of shelter (by district)? There was no access to safe cooking facilities in % of sites and only in % of the sites did more than % of the households had access to safe cooking facilities. This was partly due to the worsening weather, driving many households to cook inside their tents and make shift shelters. What percentage of households on sites have access to safe cooking facilities? % % % % % Less than % % - % % - % More than % None In % of the sites assessed, there was no access to electricity. In % of the sites, more than % of the households had access to electricity, compared to % in Round. There was generally less access to electricity for people living in displacement sites when compared to Round. What percentage of households on sites have access to electricity? % % % % % Less than % % - % % - % More than % None Non-food items needs Blankets, CGIs and Cooking gas remained the first, second and third priority needs for NFIs. In sites assessed, % people needed blankets and % for CGIs whereas % were for Cooking gas one third of the sites assessed (%). It reflects the continuing basic lifesaving and shelter needs that was likely exacerbated by insufficient supply throughout the affected districts specifically before the winter season. The increased number of temporary shelters made with CGIs in displacement sites (from % to % when compared to Round ) had likely contributed to the decrease in CGIs being prioritised by many sites (% in Round ). The table below shows the first, second and third priority needs for NFIs. What are the top priority NFIs need? (Excluding None category which accounted for %, % and % of st, nd and rd priority need respectively) st nd rd Blankets % % % CGIs % % % Cooking Gas % % % Electricity / Solar lamp % % % Fire wood % % % Stove % % % Kitchen sets % % % Tools % % % Other % % % Of the others category, the answers included tarpaulin, construction material, insulator in shelter, sleeping mats, mosquito net, solar heater, winter kits, food, dust bin, and storage bin Page of

7 DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX : NEPAL EARTHQUAKE DTM ROUND : PUBLISHED NOVEMBER WASH Access to water In % of sites, water was either accessible on-site or within minutes walking distance. Among sites with complete data, % had access to litres or more of water per person/day (SPHERE Standard). The number of sites with access to less than litres per person per day has decreased from % in Round to % in this Round. How far is the location of main water source (walking, one way)? % % % % % On-site (< minutes) Off-site (< minutes) On-site (> minutes) Off-site (> minutes) What is the average amount of water use per person per day? % % % Less than liters - liters - liters More than liters Waste disposal The main method for waste disposal in sites were burning (%) and Municipal collection (%) followed by use of garbage pits (%). In % of the sites, garbage was thrown into nearby water ways and hills. For % of the sites, there were no collective system for disposal of waste. What is the main garbage / waste disposal method? % % % % % Burning Municipal collection Garbage pit Throw in river / nearby location No System Main source of water The main method for waste disposal in sites were burning (%) and Municipal collection (%) followed by use of garbage pits (%). In % of the sites, garbage was thrown into nearby water ways and hills. For % of the sites, there were no collective system for disposal of waste. What is the main source of drinking water? % % In % of the displacement sites assessed, there was no common practice of treating drinking water before consumption. % % %% % % % % % % Piped water supply Surface water Spring/river Protected well Hand pumps Unprotected well Water truck Is drinking water being treated before consumption? No treatment Filtered Chlorinated Boiled SODIS In % of the displacement sites assessed, there was interruption in water supply to the sites since the last wound of DTM. This interruption had particularly been seen on sites in,,,,, and. Latrines Where functioning toilets were available on-site, there was an average of IDPs for every one toilet, which qualifies the SPHERE Standard (. toilet to persons). In addition, % of the sites reported IDPs using facilities in at-risk homes or other buildings close by. However, in % of sites, the latrines were not usable and % of the sites had no latrines. What is the condition of most latrines on site? Not so good (not hygienic) Non usable % % % % Good (Hygienic) No toilets Of sites assessed, sites had segregated toilets for males and females. At sites these segregated toilets were completely separate while at sites segregated toilets were found next to each other. There were toilets at sites which were found in need of decommissioning or desludging due to being non-functioning or unhygienic to use. These sites are mainly in and. - Number of toilets in need of decommissioning/desludging Number of sites having toilets in need of decommissioning/desludging Number of toilets in need of decommissioning/desludging Large number of sites in (%), (%), (%) and (%) were showing evidence of open defecation. Page of

8 DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX : NEPAL EARTHQUAKE DTM ROUND : PUBLISHED NOVEMBER HEALTH Of sites assessed, % sites reported having access to functioning health facilities close by (either onsite or within minutes walk one way). Of these % of the services were provided by government, % by local clinics and % by local and international NGOs. % of the sites reported that the nearest health facilities lacked adequate drug supply. % % % % On-site Off-site ( - hours) Off-site (< mins) Off-site (> hours) % % % Government Local Clinic/med practitioners NGO/iNGO In total, sites reported cough and cold as the most prevalent health problem and sites reported having at least one TB case known to the community. How far is the closest functioning health facilities/services (walking, one way)? Who is the main provider of health facilities/services? Cases of tuberculosis among IDPs living in this site? Number of sites having tuberculosis cased Only sites were receiving some form of psychosocial assistance. Providers of psychosocial support in sites were ACF, Cancer Hospital, City Smriti Hospital, FFS (WDO, Care, UNFPA), IOM, Maiti Nepal, People in Needs and Tuki. FOOD & NUTRITION % of the sites assessed, food were bought by families own resources, an increase from % in Round. What is the most common source of obtaining in some sites of,,, and. Meanwhile, IDPs in % of sites reported screening for malnutrition has been conducted in the area in the past weeks. Kavrepalanch Yes, % No, % Own cash Food distribution Own / cultivated Borrowed cash What is the distance to nearest formal education facility? Off-site (> mins), % Off-site (< mins), % Food distribution was the main source of food for residents % - %, in % of the displacement sites in Round which has % - %, % % decreased in Round to %. This distribution was identified Has screening for malnutrition been conducted in the area in the last weeks? EDUCATION In % of displacement sites assessed, children had access to formal education, in addition, % stated that they had access to non-formal education. On-site (< mins), % On-site (> mins), % On-site (> mins), % Off-site (> mins), % Off-site (< mins), % What is the distance to nearest non-formal education facility? On-site (< mins), % More than % of girls and boys were attending schools in % and % of displacement sites respectively. What percentage of girls are attending school? More than %, % What percentage of boys are attending school? % - %, % % - %, % Less than %, % More than %, % The most common reason for both girls and boys not attending school is school fees and associated costs. What are the most common reasons girls/boys are not attending school? Not interested Lack of gendered facilities Distance to school Lack of space in local Fees or costs % % % % % % % % % Boys Girls Page of

9 DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX : NEPAL EARTHQUAKE DTM ROUND : PUBLISHED NOVEMBER PROTECTION Security: Of the site assessed, reported that security is provided on site by the following actors: Who provides the main security in the site? % % % Police Self organized Community leaders The most common type of security incidents reported was alcohol/drug related in % of the sites, while % of sites stated that no security incidents have been reported. What is the most common type of security incidents reported? % % % Alcohol/drug-related disturbance % % % Theft Unknown Friction among site residents Friction/tension within households Friction with host community On % of sites assessed, people knew who (or where) to report (or seek assistance) when they or their family face any abuse or exploitation in this area. % sites didn't have designated safe/recreational places for children whereas designated safe/social places for women couldn't be found at % sites. In % of the sites assessed, there were no gender segregated latrines. No, % Yes, % Are there functioning disaggregated toilets on-site for female? Services & Infrastructure % of sites assessed have designated safe/recreational places for children. % sites have designated safe/social places for women In % of the sites assessed, there were either no or inadequate lighting available in communal areas such as around WASH facilities and public spaces. Is there lighting in the majority of communal point? (WASH, facilities, public spaces, etc.) Kavrepalanch Majority of latrines/bathrooms have no lighting (%), and more than half had no lock from inside (%). Do toilets have light? Yes, % No, % Do toilets have locks? Yes, there is lighting and it is adequate Yes, there is lighting but it is NOT adequate No lighting Yes, % No, % Reporting & Assistance In,,,, and Bakhtapur some knowledge gaps remained among those living in displacement sites on how to report incidents of abuse or exploitation. Do you know who (or where) to report (or seek assistance) when you or your family face any abuse or exploitation? Of sites that replied Yes to the above questions, sites said they would report incidents to the police. % % % % % % % % % % % % % % Yes If the answer is yes to above question, who do you report to? No % % Community leaders Police Self organized Page of

10 Number of individuals DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX : NEPAL EARTHQUAKE DTM ROUND : PUBLISHED NOVEMBER LIVELIHOOD Agriculture and livestock remained the most common form of livelihood for those living in displacement sites (%), though for % of the sites it had not been possible to continue following the earthquake. Daily labour (%) was the most common coping mechanism following the earthquake, a large increase from % before the earthquake. For % of the sites, most of the households had not been able to find alternative means of income generation. What is the occupation/trade of majority of households living on site before the earthquake (left) and now (right)? Agriculture/Livestock Daily wage/laborer Trade Craftsmen Employed None In majority of sites, women were interested in weaving/knitting (%) and arts & crafts (%) for income generating activities. For men the majority were interested in construction/daily labour (%), running small store (%), and Agriculture (%) WINTERIZATION Three sites were located above,m in, and, hosting households (, persons). Further sites were located between, and,m, hosting, households (, person). Altitude of site location and number of individual in site Site altitude (meters) Below - Above Only % of the sites assessed stated that some households were planning to move for the winter. % of households (% in ) at sites assessed said that this was a part of their seasonal migration plan. For % of the sites, winter may limit access to the nearest health facility, market, school, water sources, and main road. If the answer is yes to above question, who do you report to? No, % What income generating activities would men and women be interested in doing? % Yes, % Don't know, % % % Will winter limit access from your site to any of the following? % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % No limitation Nearest health facility Market School Men Women % Accessibility of water Main access road Page of

11 DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX : NEPAL EARTHQUAKE DTM ROUND : PUBLISHED NOVEMBER WINTERIZATION In % of the sites visited, the communities did not think their shelters will be able to protect their families from the cold. Top three priority need for winter were focused around insulations for both families and shelters such as winter clothes, blankets, floor mats, and mattress. Also in the first priority were heater and CGIs. What do you most need for winter which you currently do not have or do not have enough of? st nd rd Winter clothes % % % Blanket % % % Foam mat (floor) % % % CGIs % % % Mattress/Bed % % % Heater % % % Fuel % % % Food stock % % % Other % % % Nothing % % % COMMUNICATION For female living in displacement sites, friends and families were the most common mean of getting information (%), followed by radio and news (%) and local leader (%). For male residents, the most common source of information were friends and families (%), local leaders (%), radio and news (%), and mobile phone (%). Where do most male (left) and female (right) residences get their information from? Families & friends Local leader Radio/News Mobile phone Site management Social media Authorities In majority of the sites, people plan to cook in the same shelter as where they were sleeping during winter (%). In % of sites, there were plans to make provision for livestock. What income generating activities would men and women be interested in doing? % % % % In shelter where people sleep In shelter separate for cooking % In the open In homes nearby In other structures nearby What provision is planned for livestock for winter? % % % No Yes Don't know The majority of communities in displacement sites were requesting information on recovery plans (%), situation in areas of origin (%), shelter support (%) and other relief assistance (%). What is the main topic on which the community is requesting information on? % % % %% Recovery plans Situation in areas of origin % % Shelter support Other relief assistance Work opportunities Future of current site Other Only % of the sites assessed stated that complaints were being reported. Of these the police was the most common recipient of complaints (%). If complaints are being reported, to whom do they get reported? % % % No Don't know Yes Page of

12 DISPLACEMENT TRACKING MATRIX : NEPAL EARTHQUAKE DTM ROUND : PUBLISHED NOVEMBER DTM METHODOLOGY This Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) report is produced by the International Organization for Migration in its role as CCCM Cluster Lead Agency. Data was gathered by field staff and analysed by a team in. Prior to data collection, the DTM team contacts local authorities, humanitarian partners, and key informants to gather information about sites to be targeted for each round of the DTM. Criteria for conducting on-site assessments are as follow:. households or more the number of households living on site exceed.. Higher density tents/shelters in camp-like setting excluding villages that have scattered shelter within.. Cross-district displacement Groups of IDPs that have been displaced from another district, even if they do not comply to having households or more. IDPs living on site accessing basic services and infrastructure on site. Accessing toilets/latrines on site, or using a nearby toilet that is NOT their own. Possession of their belongings look for things like cooking pots and stoves. Clear indications that they are cooking on site (gas cylinders, communal cooking area). The data is collected primarily through key informant interviews, observations, small group discussions with both men, women and children. For every site, the team completes a standard assessment form (available on link below). The field teams approach each individual camp in a targeted manner, so the method of data collection can vary depending on the situation of the specific site. AVAILABLE RESOURCES This report is a short synthesis of top line figures and basic analysis of the DTM database. Round data upon which this report is based, as well as data from previous rounds, are publicly available at: (note: sensitive data on protection at site level is available through protection cluster) The web page also provide links to the following: A Site Profile document giving all basic information of all sites assessed in the DTM is available in the form of a Site Profile PDF from A google map showing the location and basic demographics information of all displacement sites in Nepal is available at For more information and queries, please contact: NepalEqDTM@iom.int RCB- Page of