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Ashlee Mitchell
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1 Crisis in Male Political unrest in Maldives, after the Supreme Court ordered the release and retrial of opposition leaders including exiled former President Mohammed Nasheed. Maldives government has shown no response to release the opposition leaders and begin retrial. This has led to constitutional breakdown and military is seen all over the capital city of Male. Background: In February 2013, a court ordered Nasheed s arrest, and he took refuge in the Indian High Commission in Male. India had intervened in the crisis urged all parties to maintain peace. In November 2013, Nasheed lost the presidential election to current President Abdulla Yameen Abdul Gayyoom. Later Nasheed was booked under tougher anti-terror laws and was sentenced to thirteen years in prison on charges of terrorism. Keypoints: Western countries welcomed the Supreme Court verdict. India has said, in the spirit of democracy and rule of law, it is imperative for all organs of the Government of Maldives to respect and abide by the order of the apex court. Tamil Nadu Rural Transformation Project India and the World Bank have signed a $100 million loan agreement to support Tamil Nadu Rural Transformation Project. To promote rural enterprises, facilitate their access to finance, and create employment opportunities for youth, particularly women. This Project will create an enabling environment for producer organisations and enterprises to promote businesses across select value chains. Specially it supports eligible households from socially and culturally disadvantaged groups harness their existing assets, skills, and resources; break their entry barriers to value-added economic activities; enhance their ability to access finance, markets, technology, and related support services; help them graduate to value-added economic activities with higher returns such as garment manufacturing and food processing units, eco-tourism ventures, and businesses around creative industries. India is world s 3rd largest steel producer

2 India is the world s third-largest steel producer. In 2017, China and Japan have occupied top two positions respectively. Worldsteel members represent around 85% of world steel production. To act as the focal point for the steel industry providing global leadership on all major strategic issues impacting the industry. Driving global improvement initiatives in the areas of environmental protection, technology, safety and people development. Promote global market development opportunities for steel and promote steel to the world at large. Provide on a timely basis world-class economic data and analysis on the global steel industry and its value chain, as well as assessments on life cycle aspects of steel. Increase awareness, understanding and support for the steel industry amongst all external stakeholders and key target audiences worldwide. Promote market competition that is free of government interventions preventing fair trade. Solar capacity reaches 20 GW India has achieved 20 GW cumulative solar capacity, achieving the milestone four years ahead of the target for 2022 originally set in the National Solar Mission. Solar installations reached 9.6 GW and accounted for 45% of total capacity additions. The top state for solar installations was Telangana, followed by Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Rajasthan. The country s protectionist measures threaten to slow down the goal. Make in India Initiative to promote domestic manufacturing. Recently announced 70% preliminary safeguard duty recommendation, the ongoing antidumping case, and a 7.85% port duty on imported modules are together creating an atmosphere of regulatory uncertainty that is taking a toll on the industry and slowing down installation activity. Scorpene-class submarine Karanj The third Scorpene-class submarine INS Karanj has been launched. Karanj is the third of the six Scorpene-class submarines being built by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) under the Project 75 programme of Indian navy. It has superior stealth features such as advanced acoustic silencing techniques, low radiated noise levels and hydrodynamically optimized shape. The Scorpene submarines are a primary modernization requirement of the Indian Navy, which is currently faced with an ageing submarine fleet. The first one, INS Kalvari, a diesel-electric attack submarine was commissioned by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on December 14 last year.

3 The second one, INS Khandari, was launched on January 12 this year is currently undergoing sea trials. Nilgiri Marten Pampadum Shola National Park located on the southern portion of Western Ghats is a safe haven of rare and most elusive Nilgiri Marten. Endemic to the Western Ghats. Nilgiri Marten looks like a mongoose and it most prefers higher altitudes. The species is listed as Vulnerable in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and Schedule II, Part 2 of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act Democracy Index The Economist Intelligence Unit has released 2017 Democracy Index report. The index ranks 165 independent states and two territories on the basis of five categories: 1. electoral process and pluralism, 2. civil liberties, 3. the functioning of government, 4. political participation and 5. political culture. The list has been divided into four broad categories 1. full democracy, 2. flawed democracy, 3. hybrid regime and 4. authoritarian regime. India was one of the countries whose score declined the most. The report has classified India as a flawed democracy and attributed the dip in India s rankings to lack of freedom of speech and free media. In some states in India, the authorities there have restricted freedom of the press, closed down several newspapers and heavily controlled mobile internet services. Several journalists were murdered in India in 2017, as in the previous year. Super Blue Blood Moon Super Blue Blood Moon on January 31st, A supermoon, a blue moon and a total lunar eclipse took place at the same time. A Super Moon is simply a moon that is closer to the Earth than normal. As a result, it appears bigger and brighter in the sky. A Blue Moon is also simple and means the second full moon in a calendar month.

4 A Blood Moon happens when sunlight passes through the atmosphere above the Earth, casting a dark colour across the surface of the moon. Rohingya issue The BSF was pushing back their compatriots at the borders with chilli spray and stun grenades. Tthe Union government recently told the Supreme Court that it does not want the country to become the refugee capital of the world. The refugee crisis erupted after the military launched a brutal counter-insurgency operations against the militants after attacks on an army base and dozens of police security posts in Rakhine on Aug. 25. Consequently, more than 600,000 Muslim Rohingya fled to Bangladesh. Myanmar s military has said that all fighting against the Rohingya Islamist militants died out on Sept.5, but it remains on guard against incursions by fighters who had fled to Bangladesh with the refugees. The group behind those attacks, Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA), had declared a one-month ceasefire on Sept.10, which was rejected by the government. But there have been no serious clashes since. The refugees suffering has caused an international outcry. The Rohingya are a predominantly Muslim ethnic group, mostly concentrated in Rakhine, one of Myanmar s poorest states. The Rohingya have lived in Myanmar for generations, many migrating from Bangladesh during British rule. After gaining independence, Myanmar, a majority Buddhist nation, refused to acknowledge the Rohingya as citizens, rendering them a stateless people. LiFi technology Ministry of electronics and IT successfully tested a technology called LiFi (Light Fidelity), which uses LED bulbs and light spectrum to transmit data at speeds as high as 10 GB per second over a 1-km radius. The idea is to connect difficult terrains of the country that can t be reached by fiber but have access to electricity. Li-Fi is a Visible Light Communications (VLC) system that accommodates a photo-detector to receive light signals and a signal processing element to convert the data into stream-able content. Advantages:

5 Li-Fi offers great promise to overcome the existing limitations of Wi-Fi by providing for dataheavy communication in short ranges. Due to its shorter range, Li-Fi is more secure than Wi-Fi. Li-Fi systems consume less power. Limitations of Li-Fi: As visual light can t pass through opaque objects and needs line of sight for communication, its range will remain very restricted to start with. Li-Fi requires the lightbulb is on at all times to provide connectivity, meaning that the lights will need to be on during the day. Li-Fi is likely to face interference from external light sources, such as sunlight and bulbs, and obstructions in the path of transmission, and hence may cause interruptions in communication. Also, initially, there will be high installation costs of visual light communication systems as an add-on to lighting systems. More tribal areas to get Ekalavya schools The government has proposed to establish Ekalavya Residential School in each block of the country where tribal people constitute a majority of the population. It has been decided that by the year 2022, every block with more than 50% ST population and at least 20,000 tribal persons, will have an Ekalavya Model Residential School. Ashgabat agreement India has been admitted to Agreement on the Establishment of an International Transport and Transit Corridor. This was between Iran, Oman, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan signed on April 25, 2011, known as the Ashgabat Agreement. The Ashgabat Agreement aims to develop a shortest trade route between Central Asian countries and Iranian and Omani ports. The Ashgabat Agreement has Oman, Iran, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan as founding members. Kazakhstan has also joined this arrangement subsequently. In October 2016, Pakistan also formally joined the Ashgabat Agreement. The Iran-Turkmenistan-Kazakhstan (ITK) railway line will be the major route according to the Ashgabat Agreement, which also included as part of India-funded North-South international transport corridor (NSITC). Revitalising Infrastructure and Systems in Education (RISE)

6 The government has announced a new initiative called Revitalising Infrastructure and Systems in Education (RISE). The initiative aims to step up investments in research and related infrastructure in premier educational institutions, including health institutions. HEFA will leverage the equity to raise up to 20,000 crore for the funding of world-class infrastructure at the IITs, IIMs, the National Institutes of Technology (NITs) and such other institutions. The agency is also expected to mobilise Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) funds from public sector units (PSUs) and corporates. These would be released as grants to eligible institutions for promoting research and innovation.

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