Introduction on Motuse project

Transcription

1 IOM EC Meeting 25 November 2016 Introduction on Motuse project Mr Sacha Chan Kam

2 Background The proposed project aimed at contributing to a more tailored reintegration assistance to enhance the sustainability of returns to Morocco, Tunisia and Senegal Initially set up for 18 Months starting January 2015 Encourage the cooperation between all stakeholders involved Up to an additional 250 beneficiaries have received additional reintegration support through a tailored approach based on their individual needs

3 Reintegration Assistance Reintegration is a key factor in minimizing migrant vulnerability upon return, supporting migrants to re-start their lives within communities of return Reintegration is applicable in relation to a broad spectrum of returning migrants, with each migrant experiencing specific vulnerabilities related to their personal circumstances. The challenge of the various reintegration packages and context within each country The debate over window shopping The challenge of cash assistance versus in kind assistance The challenge of engaging and the buy in of local stakeholders

4 AVRR Stats Returns from EU Countries Morocco Senegal Tunisia Total Countries 2016 Morocco 1254 Senegal 64 Tunisia 82

5 Sacha Chan Kam Regional Thematic Specialist on AVRR

6 IOM EC Meeting The Motuse Experience in Morocco Mr Oussama El Baroudi

7 Context & Trends Difficult economic conditions, unemployment and lack of opportunities make many Moroccan candidates for migration Morocco is a source, transit and destination country and remains a strategic partner of the EU when it comes to migration management : Advanced status Mobility partnership Bilateral agreements

8 Context & Trends Reintegration cases assisted to Morocco between 2007 and

9 Context & Trends Context and nature of AVRR is fast changing ( ) Financial crisis > < Syrian refugee crisis ( ): 1174 returns notified by sending missions A survey conducted by IOM in early 2016 showed that 5,513 Moroccans were identified in the Balkan countries The survey indicated that Moroccans constituted the most represented nationality among African migrants (67%) Moroccans identified within the Balkan route were on their way to Western Europe, mainly to Belgium, the Netherlands, Italy, Germany, France UAM assisted through AVRR has grown seven fold

10 Context & Trends To put into context, the IOM Netherlands mission notified a sudden critical increase of Moroccan asylum seekers Source: Monthly report of Asylum in Netherlands, Oct Based on the figures and observations, the tendency for increased returns is likely to continue

11 Activities & Results Direct assistance 1174 registered > 322 assisted through Motuse, including 141 for collective projects by a partner (REMESS) and 5 UAM s by a NGO specialized in support to minors (Bayti) Training Implementing partner training sessions for 141 migrants mainly on cooperatives or microproject management 8 personal and professional coaching sessions delivered by IOM: 34 migrants trained

12 Activities & Results Institutional capacity building IOM reinforced its advocacy toward the central authorities The Round tables organized within the framework of MoTuSe clearly stressed (i) the political unwillingness of authorities to commit for returning migrants and (ii) the great potential of further collaboration with OSC Mapping of all potential actors that may integrate a national referral mechanism and roadmap and recommendations to set up such mechanism Synergies with other EU funded projects such as JMDI to enhance the local authorities migration governance capacities Contribution to the working group established by Sharaka and MoM on return and reintegration related issues.

13 Impact Migrants Activities set up or strengthened are more sustainable Migrants reintegration needs were enhanced thanks to training sessions Activities set up are formalized / informal business decreased Project constituted a factor in some migrants decision to return

14 Impact Institutional context Partnerships allowed exchanging and implementing good practices from other fields (ex: social economic inclusion through cooperatives) Some local organizations and local authorities were sensitized and mobilized about an unknown reality. As a consequence, they are willing to be involved and they may become an advocacy leverage toward local and central authorities The adopted approach is much more comprehensive and more process focused Synergies achieved will likely create an ecosystem in the associative tissu (cascade effect even after the end of the project)

15 Beneficiaries Profile of the beneficiaries Gender : mainly male aged between years old Education level : mainly dropped out school between 11 and 14 years old Work situation : unskilled labour, informal sector, limited professional prospect Civil status: mainly single Types of activities Transportation Agrifood Fast food Cattle rearing Metallurgy

16 Beneficiaries Main sending countries in the EU Greece Belgium The Netherlands Italy Germany Main regions of return in Morocco Great Casablanca, Tadla-Azilal and Oriental

17 Potential Developments Challenges Centralized approach does not fit anymore to properly respond the migrants needs Flawless communication between all involved counterparts is critical to implement smoothly the AVR program False expectations induces misbehaviour among the migrants Opportunities Proactive approach thanks to the data and material collected by surveys and research A referral mechanism will likely be set up via an alliance with OSC and existing national bodies The MoM has set up an emergency scheme for returning national from countries at war. Enlargement to returning migrants?

18 Potential Developments The number of returns is increasing. This situation requires a comprehensive and global approach including the Civil Society and the Government. IOM would encourage to further develop initiatives of this nature Migration policies towards MLA exist, the strategy for the integration for regular migrants is under process, BUT what about Moroccan nationals returning?

19 Oussama El Baroudi Motuse Country Coordinator for Morocco

20 IOM EC Meeting The Motuse Experience in Tunisia Ms Nadia Cheikh

21 Context & Trends Population: young (more than 50% is under 30), largely urban and educated Country of emigration: difficult economic conditions, unemployment, poverty and loss of hope in the country's future make many Tunisians candidates for migration Also a country of transit to Europe The popular protests of 2011 have had a significant impact on the number of Tunisians who have decided to try their luck by crossing the Mediterranean To face the challenges posed by numerous Tunisians arrived irregularly, Switzerland funded a specific AVRR project for Tunisia, with numerous adhesions: between July 2012 and December 2015, 723 migrants returned, 951 jobs were created (520 beneficiaries members of beneficiaries family and community) and 527 benefited from training in project management.

22 Context & Trends Reintegration cases assisted to Tunisia between

23 Context & Trends 2016 has seen a record number of returns to Tunisia from the EU (thus excluding Switzerland) EU MS traditionally providing significant caseload (Italy, Greece) recently resumed their AVRR activities Based on these observations, the return tendency is likely to be reinforced during the upcoming months

24 Activities & Results Direct assistance 41 Tunisian returnees benefited from reintegration assistance under MoTuSe to set up small businesses Training 25 beneficiaries received training in Micro-management, Job Hunting Technique (TRE) and coaching for job interview 13 beneficiaries received counseling and individual guidance on a sustainable and successful reintegration 1 beneficiary from Kasserine is currently receiving a specific training in "computer graphics" 12 beneficiaries have registered for trainings with ANETI (CEFE and GERM)

25 Activities & Results Signature of a framework partnership agreement with NGO «Association CAMPAGNE» for the organization of : Coaching sessions (interviewing, resume writing, motivation letters, project management and business plan preparation) Specific vocational training sessions One-day meeting between MoTuSe beneficiaries and microfinance organizations and institutions One-day meeting between MoTuSe beneficiaries and a group of Business managers and human resources managers

26 Activities & Results Organization of a one-day meeting between MoTuSe beneficiaries and microfinance organizations and institutions 25 MoTuSe beneficiaries attended the meeting All the beneficiaries who expressed interest for micro-credit received information and individual counseling 4 requests of micro-credit are currently under process The Agency for employment and self-employment (ANETI) made a commitment to accompany and support all the microcredit requests submitted by Motuse s beneficiaries who have done a training and obtained CEFE or GERM certificate

27 Activities & Results Organization of a one-day meeting between MoTuSe beneficiaries and a group of Business managers and human resources managers 28 MoTuSe beneficiaries and more than 30 young job seekers attended 6 companies working in different fields with positions to be filled, were present 3 beneficiaries with the appropriate profiles, received promises of hiring and 1 vulnerable beneficiary was able to obtain a registration to a vocational training with a guaranteed position once the diploma obtained

28 Activities & Results Institutional Capacity Building Workshop with key stakeholders to: 1. Exchange of experiences and good practices in the field of support to Tunisian returnees 2. Promotion of cooperation and synergies between national actors (institutional and civil society) 3. Following discussions among the participants, it was unanimously agreed to set up a technical committee bringing together the main actors working for the reintegration of Tunisian returnees (IOM, MRCs, ONJ Observatoire National de la Jeunesse), ANETI s Espace Entreprendre and Association CAMPAGNE, as core group, and other institutions on an ad-hoc basis in order to: Find collegial solutions for complex reintegration cases Establish a referral system to ensure better assistance for socioprofessional reintegration as well as psychosocial assistance for Tunisian returnees

29 Impact The MoTuSe project had a very positive impact beyond the direct results on the beneficiaries The involvement of the MoTuSe s institutional partners in the supervision and accompaniment of the Tunisian returnees during their reintegration phase, reassured our partners that voluntary return was not only beneficial to the host countries but also to them, Tunisian returnees as well as the country. The assistance for Tunisian returnees, beyond the financial assistance, allowed them to consider their reintegration with much more assurance. The fact that several entities work together to assist them in the implementation of their projects and consult each other during the technical committee to find appropriate solutions to their cases has given them confidence in the success of their return. In the context and the current situation in Tunisia, the involvement of civil society in the return and reintegration component has had a positive impact on the project activities.

30 Beneficiaries Profile of the Beneficiaries Generally young The level of education is generally low Types of activities Mainly trade, services, agriculture Agricultural Sales Services Basic needs on going

31 Beneficiaries Main sending countries in the EU Germany Greece Belgium The Netherlands Bulgaria Main regions of return in Tunisia The main regions of return are Tunis, Kasserine, Nabeul, Kairouan

32 Beneficiaries Selected beneficiaries A significant number of Tunisian returnees have been registered but did not contact IOM

33 Potential Development Working during the meetings of the Technical Committee on the implementation of an institutional referral system dedicated to assisting the reintegration of returning Tunisians Reinforce the capacities of our partner : Office des Tunisiens à l Etranger OTE, to reactivate their reception and registration offices, in all the ports and airports of the country. Work on the creation of a common database that could be exploited by all actors working for the assistance of Tunisian returnees. Encourage the diaspora to invest in the country of origin and more precisely in the main regions of origin through seminars including the participation of government institutions such as customs, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Local Development etc Building bridges between return and development programs, by adapting return programs in the concerned regions (ex: provide training for those who have signed up for voluntary return in the sectors of growth in these regions).

34 Nadia Cheikh Motuse Country Coordinator for Tunisia

35 IOM EC Meeting The Motuse Experience in Senegal Mrs Salla Mbaye

36 Context & Trends Population: young (more than 50% is under 30), largely urban and educated Difficult economic conditions, unemployment and lack of opportunities make many Senegalese candidates for migration Significant migration phenomenon, both to Libya and Europe, and to other countries in the sub region The figures issued by the Italian Ministry of the Interior show that some 132,000 migrants have arrived by sea between January and September 2015 and during the same period in 2016, while Senegalese who arrived by sea during the same period rose from 4,820 in 2015 to 6,885 in 2016 (8th main country of origin of arrival by sea to Italy)

37 Activities & results Direct Assistance 145 migrants returned from Europe between and 87 benefitted from the Motuse project Returnees assisted employ 76 persons while 127 persons benefit indirectly from returnees projects Training Training in Entrepreneurship : Making migrants aware of the fact that they are entrepreneurs, formalization of their activity with the competent authority (chamber of commerce and APIX), establishment of an accounting system for better monitoring of their activity 58 beneficiaries

38 Activities & results Agriculture and breeding technical training with ANIDA (National Agency for Agricultural Insertion and Development) Administrative and financial management, poultry farming, cultivation techniques, nursery and rotation, safe use of pesticides, etc. 20 migrants and 7 BAOS focal points benefited Joint monitoring visits with ANIDA ANIDA expert provided advices and guidance on returnees agricultural projects Identification of training needs of migrants and networking with technical agents in different regions of origin

39 Activities & results Training in personal development Better self-esteem, creation of an association called ADIRAS (Association for the Development of Immigrants Returning from the European Union in Senegal) 20 beneficiaries Open Day with State Technical Agencies, Microfinance Institutions and Migrants Giving migrants the opportunity to work with these agencies, to collect the necessary information to benefit from their services Upcoming

40 Activities & results Institutional Capacity Building Capacity building of the DGSE/ BAOS (Bureau d accueil et d orientation des Sénégalais de l Extérieur) on the support to returning migrants: participation of the BAOS focal points of Thies, Kaolack, Diourbel, Sédhiou, Tambacounda in the training of trainers at the training center of Guediawaye Situational Analysis of BAOS and coaching of Dakar, Louga, Diourbel, Tambacounda and Sédhiou BAOS Focal Points to enhance efficiency and service delivery of BAOS agents. Equipment and opening of two BAOS in Tambacounda and Louga

41 Activities & results Institutional Capacity Building Opening of two Training Centers in partnership with the ANPEJ (National Agency for the Promotion of Youth Employment) in Kaolack and Saint-Louis to strengthen the capacities of migrants and young people in those localities. Research on the context of return and reintegration in Senegal: better understanding of migration actors and preparation of a guide for migrants candidates to voluntary return.

42 Activities & results Cooperation and synergies between actors Roundtable of consultation with national technical agencies and international cooperation stakeholders on voluntary return and reintegration: better understanding of the activities of each structure and pooling of the efforts Synergies with different actors and programs within IOM Dakar: EU AVRR programs, AECID / Spain project with the Youth Self-Employment Training Center, ICMD, Sustainable Land Management

43 Impact Migrants The technical and managerial capacities of migrants are strengthened, they formalize their activities, some even created an association A new perspective of the migrant: the migrant is funded, trained, coached, directed to state technical agencies for new opportunities and maintains contact with the IOM mission in the country of return. Migrants are more and more getting an entrepreneurship mind. Return is more sustainable: sustainability of business, diversification of activities Direct (76) and indirect (127) jobs are created

44 Impact Institutional context The capacities of local institutions and organizations potentially active in reintegration - mainly BAOS - are increased National technical agencies such as ANIDA and ANPEJ are involved in migration management The interest of press agencies and embassies (Germany, Italy and Spain...) is stimulated AVRR program is radically transformed: not just in-kind grant but coaching, networking, orientation and creation of new opportunities.

45 Beneficiaries Profile of the Beneficiaries Age ranged from 23 to 65 years old The level of education is generally low Types of activities Mainly trade, livestock, agriculture, fishing, transport

46 Beneficiaries Main sending countries in the EU Spain Italy Germany Greece Belgium Main regions of return in Senegal The main areas of return from Europe are Dakar, Touba, Saint Louis, Louga, Diourbel and Kaolack The main areas of return from Niger are Kolda, Sédhiou, Tambacounda

47 Potential Developments Further exploring the notion of reinforcing grants to migrants whose RA may not be sufficient based on needs but also community demands Encouraging technical training and personal development training Perpetuating significant Entrepreneurship Training Raising awareness of migrants through open doors days to facilitate access to microcredit or other opportunities to improve their business Considering the promotion of community projects Creating a Federation of Associations

48 Salla Mbaye Motuse Country Coordinator for Senegal

49 IOM EC Meeting Impact and lessons learned of Motuse Mr Cédric Dekeyser

50 Impact Migrants and local level 539 migrants were assisted with their reintegration positive individual impact Hundreds of direct and indirect jobs were created positive local impact The situation of large number of returns from Greece to Morocco (75% of the registered caseload) was supported

51 Impact Stakeholders level Capacities increased Key actors in the field of reintegration strengthened (training, coaching, networking, equipment) Local authorities and institutions with a decisional or managerial role in migration management supported to effectively fulfill their mandate (within regionalization process in Senegal and Morocco) Cooperation increased Knowledge of the actors and opportunities related to reintegration improved (roundtable and research) Cooperation among key stakeholders and synergies among programmes increased Networks of reintegration stakeholders created or reinforced Sustainability ensured Sustainable support structures/ mechanisms created or reinforced (Reintegration Committee in Tunisia, BAOS in Senegal)

52 Impact Beyond reintegration Interest for return issue increased in the countries of origin Leading media in Morocco, Tunisia, Senegal and global media (RFI, ARD) published articles or interviews linked to Motuse Cooperation civil society institutions established or promoted Reintegration Committee in Tunisia (cooperation system in place in Tunisia actually wider since also includes the private sector through microfinance institutions and business leaders mobilizations) Dialogue thanks to workshops in Morocco and Senegal In Europe Motuse provided a different angle to the implementation of AVRR where it addressed issues such as «window shopping» Difficult to state that project directly contributed to increase the number of returns from Europe, but indeniable that it constituted a positive factor in decision to return, especially for Moroccans stranded in Greece

53 The Motuse approach Combination of individual assistance and capacity building of reintegration stakeholders Definition of the priorities, objectives and activities by the country of origin Focus on the local impact of Reintegration projects, including in terms of job creation, and on the psycho-social vulnerability of migrants Empowerment of migrants through combination of (i) material assistance for the development of income generating activities and (ii) capacity building of migrants through training and individualized coaching

54 The Motuse approach Partnership with civil society and national and local institutions Promotion and implementation of cooperation between CSOs and national and local institutions Focus on the sustainability of the CB activities, articulated so that the progress achieved remain valid once the project is completed Focus on the comprehensiveness of CB activities, designed to make them relevant not only for migrants supported through this project, but also for future returnees, assisted as well as spontaneous and forced, for the migrant population in these countries and for potential returnees from these countries Establishment of synergies

55 Challenges Financial limitation and selection of beneficiaries Security concerns for staff due to some migrants unrealistic expectations Institutions in CoOs sometimes in «wait-and-see attitude»/ slow to activate need to constantly motivate and involve them Selective interest by some institutions: interested when useful at larger scale (forced returns, migrants residing in the country)

56 Conclusions During the «migration crisis», many moved to the EU but may be willing or need to return (trend already visible cfr NL asylum claims) Partners in the CoOs activated through project are willing to continue and take a more proactive role Conditions to improve the reintegration context have been created The two components of the project (direct assistance and institutional capacity building) can now be combined so as to better support returning migrants Some attempts were made and proved successful

57 Cédric Dekeyser Motuse Project Manager