SAMPLE OF ORGANIZATIONS PARTICIPATING IN CONSOLIDATED APPEALS

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2 SAMPLE OF ORGANIZATIONS PARTICIPATING IN CONSOLIDATED APPEALS AARREC ACF ACTED ADRA Africare AMI-France ARC ASB ASI AVSI CARE CARITAS CEMIR INTERNATIONAL CESVI CFA CHF CHFI CISV CMA CONCERN Concern Universal COOPI CORDAID COSV CRS CWS Danchurchaid DDG Diakonie Emergency Aid DRC EM-DH FAO FAR FHI Finnchurchaid FSD GAA GOAL GTZ GVC Handicap International HealthNet TPO HELP HelpAge International HKI Horn Relief HT Humedica IA ILO IMC INTERMON Internews INTERSOS IOM IPHD IR IRC IRD IRIN IRW Islamic RW JOIN JRS LWF Malaria Consortium Malteser Mercy Corps MDA MDM MEDAIR MENTOR MERLIN NCA NPA NRC OCHA OHCHR OXFAM PA (formerly ITDG) PACT PAI Plan PMU-I PU RC/Germany RCO Samaritan's Purse SECADEV Solidarités SUDO TEARFUND TGH UMCOR UNAIDS UNDP UNDSS UNEP UNESCO UNFPA UN-HABITAT UNHCR UNICEF UNIFEM UNJLC UNMAS UNOPS UNRWA VIS WFP WHO World Concern World Relief WV ZOA

3 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 1 TABLE I: REQUIREMENTS AND FUNDING TO DATE PER CLUSTER... 3 TABLE II: REQUIREMENTS AND FUNDING TO DATE PER PRIORITY LEVEL... 3 TABLE III: REQUIREMENTS AND FUNDING TO DATE PER ORGANIZATION CONTEXT AND HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES CONTEXT AND RESPONSE TO DATE KEY FACTS AND FIGURES OF RESPONSE TO DATE HUMANITARIAN NEEDS ANALYSIS OVERVIEW SECTORAL OVERVIEW Agriculture and Livelihoods Food and Logistics Health Nutrition Camp Coordination and Camp Management (CCCM) Protection Coordination Education NEXT STEPS COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN SCENARIOS STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES FOR HUMANITARIAN ACTION PRIORITIZATION OF PROJECTS SECTOR RESPONSE PLANS Health and nutrition sector food security/agriculture, livelihoods and logistics CCCM sector Water, sanitation and hygiene Protection Education Coordination ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ANNEX I. LIST OF PROJECTS AND FUNDING TABLES TABLE IV: LIST OF APPEAL PROJECTS (GROUPED BY CLUSTER), WITH FUNDING STATUS OF EACH TABLE V: TOTAL FUNDING TO DATE PER DONOR TO PROJECTS LISTED IN THE APPEAL TABLE VI: TOTAL HUMANITARIAN FUNDING TO DATE PER DONOR (APPEAL PLUS OTHER) TABLE VII: HUMANITARIAN FUNDING TO DATE PER DONOR TO PROJECTS NOT LISTED IN THE APPEAL. 39 ANNEX II. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS Please note that appeals are revised regularly. The latest version of this document is available on Full project details can be viewed, downloaded and printed from iii

4 - Reference Map Tombus Foz do Cunene Chiange Cahama ANGOLA Ondjiva ZAMBIA Otue Katwitwi Luiana Katima Mulilo Otjihende Uutapi Eenhana Etanga OHANGWENA Kaiango Zilitene Orotjitombo Oshakati Nepara Kongola Otjiwarongo Katanda Omuthiya CAPRIVI Rundu Ndonge Linona Bagani OSHANA Oruwanje Ongango OMUSATI OSHIKOTO KAVANGO Tsintsabis Otjozongombe Namutoni Sesfontein Tsumeb Okaukuejo Abenab Möwe Bay Moroeloboom KUNENE Kamanjab Otavi Grootfontein Tsumkwe Otjikondo Guchab Outjo Maun OTJOZONDJUPA Fransfontein Tutara Okaputa Okave Khorixas Otjiwarongo Otumborombonge Erundu Okakarara Sorris-Sorris Kalkfeld Uis Omatjette Sukses Okombahe NAMIBIA I A OMAHEKE Omaruru ERONGO Usakos Karibib Okahandja Ghanzi Rietfontein Henties Bay Ebony Wilhelmstal Wlotzkas Baken Trekkopje Omitara Mamuno WINDHOEK Gobabis Arandis Swakopmund Witvlei Namib BOTSWANA Brack KHOMAS Walvis Bay Dordabis Great Ums Rooibank Rehoboth Rostock Isabis Noasanabis Tsumis Kang Derm Aminuis Kalkrand Hoachanas Aranos Kub Stampriet HARDAP Mariental Maltahöhe Khakhea Gochas Kanye Gibeon Witbooisvlei Akanaus Tsatsu Asab Eindpaal Sud Brukkaros Berseba Presopes Hottentotspunt Helmeringhausen Tses Koës Tshabong Bethanien Haalenberg Keetmanshoop Lüderitz Goageb Ausweiche Aroab Seeheim Noord Vryburg Elizabeth Bay Vredeshoop KARAS Hotazel Schweizer-Reneke Tsaraxaibis Kuruman Witputs Angra-Juntas Chameis Grünau Ai-Ais Nabas Christiana Karasburg Affenrücken Warmbad SOUTH AFRICA Ariamsvlei Mittag Uubvlei Boshof Suiderkruis Orange Mouth Upington Witsand Kakamas Kotzenshoop Kimberley Atlantic Ocean Kumene Ugab Etosha Pan Port Nolloth Orange Springbok Okavango Nossob Auob Mavinga Prieska Mongu Senanga Zambezi Lake Ngami Mulobezi Makgadikgadi (salt pans) Legend National capital First administrative level capital Populated place International boundary First administrative level boundary km Disclaimers: The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Map data sources: CGIAR, United Nations Cartographic Section, Europa Technologies, FAO, GEBCO. Elevation (meters) 5,000 and above 4,000-5,000 3,000-4,000 2,500-3,000 2,000-2,500 1,500-2,000 1,000-1, , Below sea level iv

5 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY NAMIBIA On 29 March, the Government of the Republic of Namibia (GRN) declared a national emergency to respond to large-scale flooding in seven northern regions (Caprivi, Kavango, Kunene, Ohangwena, Omusati, Oshana, Oshikoto) and requested support from partners. At the onset of the floods, the GRN committed substantial resources to the response by providing 30 million Namibian dollars (approximately US$4.5 million 1 ) and also established the Floods Emergency Management Coordination to coordinate the emergency response in the affected regions. Following the declaration of a State of Emergency, agencies carried out a joint rapid assessment from 6 to 9 April, the results of which underpinned the initial Flash Appeal launched on 14 April which requested $2,310,450 for emergency response. The total funding received to date amounts to $1,422,420 (62% of original requirements) mostly for meeting critical life-saving needs. The latest official figures from Floods Emergency Management Coordination show that 134,219 people were affected, amounting to 31% of the total population in the affected regions, which was a marked decrease from the original estimate of 200,000 people provided by the joint rapid assessment due to certain areas being inaccessible. 106 people were reported drowned and about 40,600 people were displaced with up to 17,500 people in 78 relocation centres. 208 schools were closed and 65,767 children were temporarily cut off from school. At least 12,278 crop fields (55,585 hectares) were destroyed in Oshana, Omusati and Kavango Regions alone. Agriculture the main livelihood of most of the affected communities was disrupted and important economic infrastructure such as roads and bridges were also damaged. Latest updates indicate that 2,065 people remain in the camps which is a marked drop from the 17,500 at the peak of the floods. These people still require assistance with basic life-saving needs such as food, Namibia Revised Flash Appeal: key parameters Duration April October 2011 Affected population Areas targeted Key target beneficiaries Total funding requested 134,219 people, including: 51% women 2,065 IDPs in camps or evacuation centres Caprivi, Kavango, Kunene, Ohangwena, Omusati, Oshana, and Oshikoto Regions 134,219 people for food aid 2,065 displaced people in relocation centres 77,000 people for agriculture 25,000 children for health and nutrition 1,000 for CCCM Funding requested per beneficiary $3,798,201 Approximately $28 health services, water and sanitation and protection. While most schools have reopened, there are still residual needs in relocation centres as well as rehabilitation of schools that were affected by floods. While initial intervention mostly in the relocation camps helped to avert a potential health crisis due to possible disease outbreak, some of the health services were inaccessible and immunization programmes were disrupted which pose a risk of disease outbreak if no immediate measures are implemented to rectify the situation. People who have returned to their original places are faced with challenges of rebuilding destroyed houses and restoring livelihoods which is one of the priority areas for government and the humanitarian community. The end of the rainy season allowed floodwaters to recede in most of the affected regions and as of 10 July 2011, most of the families in relocation centres had returned to their homes trying to restore their livelihoods. The humanitarian strategy is now two-fold: to provide basic life-saving assistance to those still in relocation sites, and to assist returnees in reconstructing their livelihoods. To support the GRN, the international humanitarian community, including the Namibia Red Cross Society (NRCS), the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the United Nations (UN) agencies, is seeking revised requirements of $3,798,201 to address the immediate needs of affected people. The revised Flash Appeal covers humanitarian needs (including early recovery) for the period of July to October All dollar signs in this document denote United States dollars. Funding for this appeal should be reported to the Financial Tracking Service (FTS, fts@un.org), which will display its requirements and funding on the current appeals page. 1

6 Humanitarian and development indicators for Namibia Most recent data Population 2.2 million people (UNFPA SWP 2010) Economic status Health Food & Nutrition WASH Population movements (if applicable to this crisis) Other vulnerability indices Gross national income per capita (purchasing power parity method) Percentage of population living on less than $1 per day $4,270 (World Bank Key Development Data & Statistics 2009) 55.8% (UNDP HDR 2010) Adult mortality 367 (male) 311 (female)/1,000 (WHO: Core indicators as of 2006) Maternal mortality 449 per 100,000 live births (UNICEF: Child info statistical tables as of 2008) Under five mortality 69 per 1,000 live births (UNICEF: Child info statistical tables 2009) Life expectancy m/f 48 (male), 50 (female) (WHO: Core indicators 2006) Number of health workforce 3 (doctors), 49 (nurses & midwives)/10,000 (WHO: Core (MD+nurse+midwife) per 10,000 indicators 2009) population Measles vaccination rate 78% (World Health Statistics 2009) Prevalence of undernourishment in total population Chronic malnutrition rate among 29% (2006/2007 Namibia DHS) children under five Food security indicator Proportion of population without sustainable access to an improved drinking water source Consumption of potable water (litres/person/day) IDPs (number and percentage of population) Refugees (Figures from DDRM and FEMCO) In-country Abroad ECHO Vulnerability and Crisis Index score UNDP 2010 Human Development Index score 24.0% (IFPRI Global Hunger Index2009, date for ) Namibia ranked 37 th (13.6 serious levels) (IFPRI Global Hunger Index 2009) 8% (UNDP HDR 2010) Not available 40,600 people (31% of affected population in the north) 7,254 (UNHCR field office or UNHCR Statistical Online Population Database) 1,017 (UNHCR field office or UNHCR Statistical Online Population Database) 2 (VI) and 0 (CI) 0.606: 105 th of 169 countries (medium human development) 2

7 Table I: Requirements and funding to date per cluster Namibia Flash Appeal (April - October 2011) as of 8 August Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organizations. Cluster Original requirements Revised requirements Funding Unmet requirements % Covered Uncommitted pledges ($) A ($) B ($) C ($) D=B-C E=C/B ($) F CAMP COORDINATION AND CAMP MANAGEMENT 200,000 1,275,000-1,275,000 0% - COORDINATION 50,000 85,000-85,000 0% - EDUCATION 270, , , ,791 38% - FOOD SECURITY 150, , , ,052 44% - HEALTH AND NUTRITION 1,061, , , ,590 73% - PROTECTION 324, , ,330 90,072 72% - WASH 255, , , ,276 63% - Grand Total: 2,310,450 3,798,201 1,422,420 2,375,781 37% - Table II: Requirements and funding to date per priority level Priority Original requirements Revised requirements Funding Unmet requirements % Covered Uncommitted pledges ($) A ($) B ($) C ($) D=B-C E=C/B ($) F EARLY RECOVERY 1,291,048 1,596, , ,381 42% - LIFE SAVING 455,000 1,602, ,724 1,395,276 13% - NOT SPECIFIED 50, % - PREPAREDNESS 514, , ,278 54,124 91% Grand Total 2,310,450 3,798,201 1,422,420 2,375,781 37% - NOTE: Contribution: Commitment: Pledge: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments + Carry-over the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity. creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed.) The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of August For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (fts.unocha.org). 3

8 Table III: Requirements and funding to date per organization Namibia Flash Appeal (April - October 2011) as of 8 August Compiled by OCHA on the basis of information provided by donors and appealing organizations. Appealing organization Original requirements Revised requirements Funding Unmet requirements % Covered Uncommitted pledges ($) A ($) B ($) C ($) D=B-C E=C/B ($) F FAO 0 555, ,000 0% - IOM 200,000 1,275,000-1,275,000 0% - OCHA 50, % - RCSO 0 85,000-85,000 0% - UNESCO 80,000 80,000-80,000 0% - UNFPA 542, , , ,468 63% - UNICEF 645, , , ,301 74% - WFP 150, , ,948 (160,948) 100% - WHO 643, , , ,960 60% - Grand Total 2,310,450 3,798,201 1,422,420 2,375,781 37% - NOTE: Contribution: Commitment: Pledge: "Funding" means Contributions + Commitments + Carry-over the actual payment of funds or transfer of in-kind goods from the donor to the recipient entity. creation of a legal, contractual obligation between the donor and recipient entity, specifying the amount to be contributed. a non-binding announcement of an intended contribution or allocation by the donor. ("Uncommitted pledge" on these tables indicates the balance of original pledges not yet committed.) The list of projects and the figures for their funding requirements in this document are a snapshot as of 8 August For continuously updated information on projects, funding requirements, and contributions to date, visit the Financial Tracking Service (fts.unocha.org). 4

9 2. CONTEXT AND HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES 2.1 CONTEXT AND RESPONSE TO DATE Updated figures from Floods Emergency Management Coordination (FEMCO) show that of a total of 134,219 flood-affected people, 40,600 people were displaced and 17,500 of them relocated into 78 relocation centres. Assessments and monitoring by humanitarian organizations, including the NRCS, show that about 2,065 still remain in relocation camps with Caprivi having 1,217 and Kavango 600. The rest of the displaced population has returned and is in the process of rebuilding destroyed shelter and restoring disrupted livelihoods, particularly agriculture which is the main livelihood in most of the affected areas. Although seven regions were affected by the floods, international humanitarian assistance focused on six of them as the GRN covered Kunene. Of the other six, Oshana, Omusati, Ohangwena and Caprivi were the most affected. In Caprivi, constituencies such as Cabe were completely cut off and could only be reached by driving through Zambia. The flooding here was mostly caused by the overflow of the Zambezi River and heavy rains further north in Zambia. Most of the affected population in Caprivi depend on fishing in the Zambezi for their livelihood and their displacement for the past months would mean missing out on the harvest of the fishing season. The other three regions form part of the Cuvelai Basin and the region directly sharing borders with Angola. They are mostly plain fields which do not have structured drainage systems. The floods here were caused by heavy rains coupled with waters from Angola which destroyed crop fields and houses. While Namibia has good road infrastructure, most of the deeply affected areas were not easily reachable during the flooding season. In Omusati and Ohangwena roads were submerged early in the rainy season. By the peak of the flooding, most of the remote rural areas were completely cut off from road access. Consequently, humanitarian response, while taking into account the cut-off areas, was only able to effectively cover areas that were accessible. These challenges therefore fostered fears that the needs of people living in cut-off areas would not be catered for. One of the crucial roles played by FEMCO was the dispatch of health teams to cut-off areas where HIV/AIDS and reproductive health concerns were quickly addressed. (Oshikoto and Kavango were not affected as severely as the others.) Government response was decisive, even if a bit delayed. The declaration and provision of 30 million Namibia dollars ($4.5 million) allowed for direct government intervention. There was a swift response from humanitarian partners like the NCRS and UN. However coordination posed certain challenges. Firstly, the structures like the Regional Disaster Risk Management Committees (RDRMCs) which had been trained and prepared for disaster management were unfortunately not actively included in the response with the activation of FEMCO. These regional committees are mostly made up of line ministries, the regional offices and NCRS. The lack of significant NGO presence also contributed to the absence of a structured humanitarian response. For instance, none of the regional contingency plans were operationalized. The absence of an information management system was also a handicap to humanitarian response in terms of available information of affected population. The deployment of regional surge especially from the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) was crucial to the weeks of the response. Coordination and information management will remain a challenge in the next six months, especially with the deactivation of FEMCO and the withdrawal of UN field staff. In response to the health challenges, the Government sent mobile teams to provide basic health care to the displaced communities. With the receding floods and stagnant waters still in place, there are fears of possible outbreaks of malaria. Constant surveillance of the situation over this period will be essential. In total, 339 schools in the seven regions have been affected. Learning is continuing at 131 of the affected schools while 208 schools were closed, affecting 44,686 learners. 17 schools have 5

10 suspended classes for some grades, affecting 7,742 learners. There were several places where learners were using boats provided by the GRN, to cross rivers to get to school. As of July 2011, schools have reopened and the Ministry of Education is presently working to meet annual curriculum deadlines. Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) reports by the United Nations Children s Fund (UNICEF) indicated that rivers and flood plains were a source of drinking water in normal practice. Sewage facilities in Omusati were reportedly flooded, leaking sewage to the river/flood plains used as drinking water. In relocation camps, very few toilets were available (average above 100 people per toilet) and pit latrines flooded and mixing with flood water. Livelihoods in the affected areas are predominantly fishing, communal livestock and communal farming. Food stocks in traditional granaries were destroyed by flood waters, according to camp assessment reports by the World Food Programme (WFP) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Up to 75% of crop fields in the regions were submerged, which will cause an extremely sparse harvest and heightened risk of malnutrition in children and pregnant women. Government partners, mainly NCRS and the UN system, provided life-saving assistance through five main activities: (1) technical assistance, sectoral assessments, training on food aid logistics, sanitation and hygiene, Protection, camp management, and health and nutrition; and (2) provision of non-food items (NFIs), learning material (early childhood development/ecd) kits, tables, chairs, pencils, notebooks and tents) and safe learning environment programme, water tanks, reproductive health kits, insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and water purification sachets. 2.2 KEY FACTS AND FIGURES OF RESPONSE TO DATE Main achievements to date Nutrition assessment undertaken by a team made up of a UNICEF Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Office Nutrition Specialist and Ministry of Health and Social Services (MoHSS) personnel in April 2011 Health assessment undertaken with GRN on flood impact on health and feasibility of conducting national immunization days (NIDs) in April. NIDs now scheduled for June 2011 for round one and July 2011 for round two Nutrition supplies procured and distributed to all six affected regions (mother-child weighing and height measuring scales x 20 each for health facilities; Mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) tapes 1,000 (50/pack x 20); plumpy nuts 92 g sachet of 150/carton x 100 cartons; complex of minerals and vitamins 800 g tin of six/carton x 10) Training of trainers on basic nutrition surveillance conducted for 18 health staff in four regions (Oshana, Omusati, Oshikoto and Ohangwena). The same health personnel were trained as trainers for infant and young child feeding First NIDs carried out on June 2011 as round one and Vitamin A supplementation HEALTH AND NUTRITION Challenges and gaps in response Though there is little or no evidence of a nutritional crisis in the flood-affected regions, weakness in health data analysis at district level does not help to monitor health situation more closely. In-country capacity for monitoring is low and needs to be strengthened to provide better quality nutritional information. Nutrition response should address current needs linked to floods (building capacity to screen children and manage cases for severe acute malnutrition) and set medium to longterm strategic nutrition objectives (community nutrition). 6

11 included as high-impact intervention for nutrition Development and distribution of information, education and communication (IEC) material, including MUAC tape tally sheets, for health staff in flood-affected regions Supporting the MoHSS in disease surveillance, development of strategies to deliver health services to isolated communities and in relocation centres, and provision of essential medicines and ITNs 85 boxes of reproductive health kits procured and distributed to all flood-affected clinics Organized training for trainers (40) from different stakeholders from all six regions on MISB package in emergencies WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE Main achievements to date Challenges and gaps in response Provision of WASH supplies and materials (25 Limited staff capacity in the field, especially on water tanks procured and installed; 300,000 promotion of hygiene and sanitation. More water purification sachets correctly distributed active role of environmental health officers to flood victims, providing six million litres of needed for promotion of hygiene and clean water for 15,000 people; more than sanitation. 1,000 hygiene kits distributed to families). Traditional water sources not identified due to In-depth WASH assessments across floodaffected regions (WASH assessments in rehabilitated to reduce dependency on water inaccessibility: this needs to be assessed and relocation centres/camps in Oshana, Omusati, purification tablets and outside support. Ohangwena, Oshikoto and Caprivi carried out. Some of the damaged latrine facilities, Training (Emergency WASH in Namibia flood especially in schools and community buildings, response delivered to RDMC members with need to be identified, assessed and IOM. rehabilitated. Environmental sanitation actions for informal settlements were largely missed out during the flood response. Lack of resources for training material/booklet. PROTECTION Main achievements to date Challenges and gaps in response The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) Limited understanding and awareness of procured 15,000 hygiene kits through the protection and associated areas of NRCS. responsibility among government, UN and Regional meetings facilitated in all six flood NGO actors, which has resulted in low number regions with regional and national Ministry of of protection actors participating in protection Gender Equality and Child Welfare (MGECW) response so far. staff to bring awareness and build capacity on Limited capacity for identifying and monitoring Protection issues. protection risks, incidents and concerns. Four assessment visits to flood regions were conducted with NRCS. Three video conference sessions were held for eight affected regions (including lightly-affected Kunene and Karas regions which were interested in the training) on sexual and reproductive health (SRH) in emergency situations through the International Training and Education Centre on Health ( I-TECH), reaching in total 45 staff from MoHSS, MGECW, Ministry of Regional and Local government and Housing (MRLGH). 7

12 EDUCATION Main achievements to date Challenges and gaps in response 18 canvas tents, 310 learner tables, 120 During field monitoring, a number of school chairs, and 5,211 pencils and notebooks age children were identified as not attending procured and distributed through an school, especially in border regions. Lack of agreement with Development Aid from People birth certificates was a major impediment to to People (DAPP). children accessing education. 19 child-friendly ECD kits procured and Sexual harassment under-reported as a gap distributed to flood relocation camps through and challenge and little follow-up on the issue the MGECW. 11 additional prepositioned ECD was done in all regions. kits also made available. 24 child-friendly sites and safe learning environments established and operational at 23 major relocation centres in the six floodaffected regions. A total of 1,015 children (545 female and 470 male) between the ages of 1-6 in all six floodaffected regions, participated in child-friendly space (CFS) activities during the morning hours while a total of 2,053 children (591 female and 492 male) between the ages of 7-18 took part in the afternoon in life skills and sports sessions. 1,792 displaced children (591 male and 1,201 female) participated in HIV/AIDS drama and information sessions organized by Nawalife. 45 community volunteers trained from the six flood-affected regions on child protection guidelines and steps for establishing and managing child-friendly sites, including introduction to the code of conduct for all humanitarian workers. UNFPA Gender Coordinator, based in the north, visited schools in Kavango and Caprivi regions, addressing sexual violence on adolescent girls, personal hygiene and HIV/AIDS. FOOD SECURITY Main achievements to date Appropriate foods rations for flood response defined and developed. Regional council staff supported and trained in commodity management and reporting. Commodity management tools developed. Guidelines on nutritional values of food basket provided. Practical on-the-job trainings provided in warehouse management, standards on food calculation and food requirement planning. UNFPA-WFP joint flood assessment mission carried out, looking at women s and children s nutrition needs. Challenges and gaps in response Systematic mechanism to plan and request for food required. Food distribution strategy required to avoid ad hoc responses. Criteria for beneficiary targeting needed to ensure that food goes to most vulnerable. Children under-five and lactating mothers needs not being addressed. Food supplement needs of HIV/AIDs patients under anti-retrovirus (ARV) were not addressed, which has an impact on their adherence to their treatment. 8

13 CAMP COORDINATION CAMP MANAGEMENT (CCCM) Main achievements to date Challenges and gaps in response Technical support in CCCM deployed. Need for training of trainers (ToT). CCCM assessment conducted April Information Management and Coordination: 2011 duplication of data collection/population Two CCCM practitioners trainings delivered to registration within relocation sites; limited a total of 32 participants from Government and monitoring of displaced populations; lack of NRCS, supported by Directorate for Disaster common understanding of terminology and Risk Management (DDRM). definitions; no training in data collection A Camp Management in Practice booklet methodology delivered to registrars at local developed for Namibia and printed in 500 level; poor information sharing channels and copies and disseminated at national, regional subsequent disconnect between data sources. and local levels. Site Planning and International Standards: CCCM training report developed together with limited awareness of practical application of DDRM, identifying key gaps in CCCM (for the the Humanitarian Charter and Minimum short, medium and long term). Standards for Disaster Response (SPHERE) Camp managers in Kavango and Caprivi and other CCCM practice; little planning prior trained on SRH and HIV by UNFPA Gender to relocation, which resulted in inadequate Coordinator. WASH and Protection, and in challenges with distribution. Little awareness about the guiding principles on internal displacement. Some internally displaced people (IDPs) still in relocation sites, mainly due to conditions of their damaged or destroyed houses. Focus based on UNFPA mandate regardless of gaps on wider areas of responsibility under protection. Lack of harmonization of different institution training modules on CCCM and SRH and HIV. COORDINATION Main achievements to date To ensure a coordinated approach in northern Namibia, the GRN has put in place a FEMCO and the UN system was able to deploy a Team Field Coordinator. OCHA Regional Office deployed three officers from Johannesburg to support the United Nations Resident Coordinator s Office (UNRCO) in coordination of the joint rapid assessment, technical support and guidance. OCHA Regional Office also supported UNRCO in analysing data assessment from affected regions. RCO led the mobilization of UN agencies in the development of Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) application ($1.1 million) and further mobilized funding worth $100,000 through the United Nations Development Programme-Bureau of Crisis Prevention and Recovery (UNDP-BCPR). WASH Working Groups constituted in affected regions as coordination forums. Challenges and gaps in response While Government has been able to allocate funds for response to cover food aid to affected population, it has challenges in coordinating funding and donations from private sectors. Limited information flow between different levels of systems and mechanisms of communication and coordination between the regions and the central government. Linkages between national and regional emergency responses are poor within different sectors such as WASH, health, protection, education at national and lower levels. This was overcome in the education sector with an NGO partnership to support Government counterparts to set up safe learning environments in regions, whilst reporting back to national and regional levels. 9

14 Other actors responses to the emergency GOVERNMENT Main achievements to date The Government was able to put aside 30 million Namibian dollars ($4.5 million) which was used to cover immediate needs, including logistics, NFIs, food and health. The Government continues to support the most vulnerable with their food needs. Challenges and gaps in response In spite of the generous allocation of money from Government towards the response, lack of proper communication, coordination, logistics and monitoring have severely hampered effective response. NAMIBIA RED CROSS SOCIETY Main achievements to date The NRCS has been able to mobilize about 600,000 Swiss francs (CHF) towards responding to the needs of the affected population, especially some 37,000 camp-based displaced persons. Reached 10,000 people on gender-based violence (GBV) awareness and hygiene promotion. IDPs supported with NFIs while in camps. Reached 3,000 women on SRH and HIV/AIDS issues (Caprivi and Kavango regions). Reprinted and distributed IEC material on SRH and HIV/AIDS to 3,000 women supported by UNFPA. Challenges and gaps in response NCRS could only mobilize about 40% of the required funding necessary to effectively respond to the needs of the affected population. late distribution of commodities some villages still surrounded by some water fear of waterborne diseases no demographic data or profile of returnees BILATERAL Main achievements to date There has been a positive response from the donor community with donation from the private sector, as well as from various foreign governments including the governments of Germany, Spain, Russia and Cuba amongst others. The Office of the Prime Minister (OPM) reports a total of $11.9 NAD30 received in cash and kind from the donor community. The cash will be ploughed back into its Disaster Response Fund. Challenges and gaps in response While there have been reports of generous donations from various quarters, it is difficult to ascertain exactly how much has been donated as most donations have been channelled directly to the Government. 3. HUMANITARIAN NEEDS ANALYSIS 3.1 OVERVIEW While the results of the government-led vulnerability assessment have not been published, preliminary discussions with the OPM indicate that health, shelter, food and nutrition remain the key challenges. There are no immediate health concerns, but the receding flood and stagnant water may quickly cause malaria outbreaks, especially with the approaching hot season. There are still reported cut-off areas like Ongala in Ohangwena. The Ministry of Health (MoH) is working closely with health partners to carry out surveillance and monitoring of the situation. It is also supporting through the provision of NFIs like blankets, tents, mosquito nets and water purification tablets. Out of the 2,065 IDPs in relocation centres, some have reported going back to their villages but returning because of unbearable living conditions. The main need at this stage is for support to rehabilitate their destroyed homes, as continued stay in the camp might not only foster dependence, but might also lead to protection issues, especially with the closure of FEMCO and the intended withdrawal of government support to relocation sites at the end of July. 10

15 For the 2,065 IDPs still in relocation camps, their needs go beyond shelter to include food aid, as well as seeds for the next planting season, for them to be self-sufficient by the next harvests. But a bigger population might face hunger over the next months if urgent action is not taken. This includes the greater part of the 134,219 affected people who lost part or all their crops and livestock. FAO indicates that due to the food shortage already faced by the population, seeds handed out for the next planting season might be eaten by the hungry families. A key challenge therefore is to prepare the seeds and distribute them to the affected families just in time for the planting season in order to avoid them being eaten. The revised strategy for this appeal is therefore to look at the supporting the GRN in responding to the needs of these vulnerable population. Emphasis will be on food, shelter, health and nutrition, while other residual needs will fit into the more developmental day-to-day activities of the UN and its partners. Priority will be given to groups which the vulnerability assessment will identify as the most vulnerable, and this would include women, elderly, children and the IDPs who remain in relocation centres. It will also look at early recovery and preparedness as an integral part of the response especially with the next flood season less than seven months away. 3.2 SECTORAL OVERVIEW Agriculture and Livelihoods People s livelihoods in northern Namibia are a mix of livestock-rearing and crop production, both of which have been reduced and remain at risk due to the flooding. Reports indicate that at least 12,278 crop fields (55,585 ha) were destroyed in Oshana, Omusati and Kavango regions alone, plus important economic infrastructure such as roads and bridges. Such destruction fuels fears of food insecurity, with a particular concern about next year s agricultural production for poor households. If next year s agricultural production is not restored to a normal level, food insecurity could be much worse. Restoring agricultural production to normal level is a matter of concern for poor farmers as most of their seed stocks and income (that would have come from this year s harvest) have been lost. Due to these losses, there is a need for a seed distribution to replace lost stocks for the next agricultural season starting in November. The displaced households have started returning home and re-establishing their livelihoods which the flooding has severely disrupted. But due to stagnant waters, there is a heavy risk of animal diseases even before the usual peak period. The diseases that are of concern include intestinal worms, skin infections, bacterial stomach infections and blood parasites. Measures need to be put in place to reduce livestock mortality and maintain optimum production. FAO is looking to support the regional offices of the Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forestry (MAWF) with sufficient veterinary supplies for livestock owned by 14,000 households (70,000 people). This will complement the existing Government Programme on Livestock Health Management for Rural Farmers Food and Logistics Significant damage has occurred to crops and food stocks, not only for the estimated 50,000 IDPs, but also for those who are affected and have remained within their communities. Food assistance will be required to IDPs and those who have little or no ability to meet their immediate food requirements until the next cropping season. Most of the focus of food assistance by DDRM has been on people in relocation camps. As the floods recede and IDPs return home, DDRM will need to continue providing food assistance to households as they re-establish their livelihoods, at least up to November 2011 when the next harvesting season starts. Focus will also be placed on people who were not moved to relocation camps. WFP will continue to provide technical assistance to DDRM in terms of assessing food needs and planning appropriate food rations as well as in logistics associated with food delivery. A vulnerability assessment will be essential to determine the medium- term food needs for people who 11

16 have been affected by the floods and identify the appropriate response options. The Namibia Vulnerability Assessment Committee (NAM VAC) is planning to conduct an in-depth vulnerability assessment in the regions affected by the floods. WFP will provide technical assistance to the NAM VAC with a special focus on food security. According to the Government, food needs remain especially in regions like Caprivi where the first harvests will be expected in October this year. It is difficult to determine the full extent of food needs in the affected regions, especially since the vulnerability assessment has only been conducted recently and it has not been published yet. There is also need to provide technical assistance to GRN in the area of setting up emergency warehouse facilities, warehouse management and logistics supply chain, where weaknesses were identified during the recent flood response. Failure to provide food aid to the most vulnerable will worsen their situation, especially in the areas of protection, nutrition and probable return to relocation centres for more assistance Health The floods have caused loss of lives and have reduced access to and use of health services such as immunization, family planning, antenatal care and health facility deliveries. Defaulting on tuberculosis treatment and anti-retroviral therapy has increased. At the beginning of April at the peak of the flooding, there were 41 health facilities and 179 health outreach points inaccessible. Currently (July), there are no longer any inaccessible health facilities, although 27 health outreach points remain inaccessible (four in Oshana, 13 in Omusati and ten in Ohangwena) and the adherence to health treatment for HIV patients in some areas are still hampered by the inaccessibility. Outbreak of diarrhoeal disease and malaria during the floods period were minimized by health education and distribution of water treatment sachets as well as ITNs. The large pools of stagnant water remains a potential risk for malaria outbreak, particularly knowing that malaria prevalence in the general population has decreased due to effective control measures which also results in low community immunity. Due to the vastly dispersed and poor affected population, the MoHSS is still faced with enormous challenges in providing basic health services such as treatment for common diseases and immunization for children as well as maternal health services. The floods caused a drop in vaccination of children under five of about 10-30% in the month of March 2011 compared to the same period in 2010 in several flood-affected districts. Poor sanitation in the affected communities and numerous pools of stagnant water pose potential risks for disease outbreaks, particularly diarrhoea and malaria. The massive destruction of food storages and crop fields has markedly reduced the ability of households to provide food resulting in a high risk of acute malnutrition. There is need to closely monitor the nutritional status of children in the flood-affected northern regions Nutrition The Namibia Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) indicates higher stunting rates among children under five in Ohangwena, Kavango and Oshikoto regions than the national average. Rates of underweight too are higher in Oshana, Oshikoto, Ohangwena, Omusati and Kavango regions than the national average. Oshana, Omusati and Oshikoto rates of wasting are the highest among the six regions. A post-flood nutrition survey conducted in July 2009 in six northern regions indicated different regional distribution of child malnutrition with stunting rates being higher in Omusati, Kavango and Ohangwena. As reported by an initial multi-sectoral assessment which included nutrition, there is little or no evidence of a nutritional crisis in the flood-affected regions. But it is important to highlight that: (1) the latest national estimates of child malnutrition are six years old and (2) the absence of real-time health and nutrition data represent a serious gap in this flood emergency, thus limiting the real capacity to assess properly the prevalence of child malnutrition during this year s floods. This information gap 12

17 brings an equity challenge especially for children in areas that have been out of reach from the humanitarian assessment/response and for affected households which are at increased risk of food insecurity due to destruction of stocks and harvests. The increase in stunting rates noted from the most recent population-based nutrition data (2009 postflood survey) might suggest a deterioration of the overall socio-economic and health condition in Omusati, Kavango and Ohangwena regions. There is an urgent need to continue monitoring the nutritional status of children under five in those flood-affected areas and support capacity-building of health staff and community-based health workers to support integrated management of acute malnutrition in the flood-affected communities. These interventions need to be supplemented by community-based infant and young child feeding in order to prevent serious malnutrition problems among children under five in flood-affected areas Camp Coordination and Camp Management (CCCM) According to initial estimates, 60,000 people were internally displaced because of damaged or destroyed houses. FEMCO and DDRM were able to establish subsequently that in all 40,600 were displaced, with a peak figure of approximately 17,500 residing in relocation sites. CCCM has thus been central in the response. The targeted CCCM assessment by IOM from 16 to 21 April 2011 found key gaps in the coordination and management of the relocation sites, with specific attention to information management and site planning as well as in WASH, food security and protection. Capacity-building and technical supports in targeted areas were recommended. This was again confirmed in the joint GRN/IOM CCCM training report following the initial CCCM practitioners trainings where information management and coordination as well as site planning and standards remain the two main challenges in CCCM. Information management guiding in terms of needs and gaps, monitoring displacement and identifying vulnerabilities, and providing a platform for informationsharing for a more coherent humanitarian response among stakeholders is thus to be perceived as not only a key gap area but also a key priority for early recovery and development programming over the coming months. Furthermore, in flood-affected regions, some 2,065 IDPs are still residing in relocation sites (reported by NRCS as of 11 July 2011). Some of them once left their places of origin but returned to the relocation sites due to the poor conditions of their houses. NRCS has provided tarpaulins to some households but an estimated number of 1,000 vulnerable IDP households have been identified by the NRCS as in need for assistance to rehabilitate their houses in order to pre-empt a longer-thannecessary period of displacement stressing that relocation sites are only solutions of last resort and not a desirable solution to displacement. As a durable solution, it is necessary to support these vulnerable displaced groups with re-integration assistance by rebuilding the destroyed houses Protection With the closure of the flood relocation camps, major protection service delivery is no longer required through child-friendly spaces (CFSs) or safe learning environments. With the considerable ongoing technical assistance, however, regional contingency plans needs to be revised and national protection sector plans developed to ensure that protection issues are included. There was anecdotal evidence that children were separated from their guardians/ parents. They were left behind at flood relocation centres whilst parents returned to rehabilitate their homes. In many cases, parents did not come back for a few days Coordination FEMCO has been officially deactivated since 30 June and UN coordination support in the north withdrawn. The RDRMCs have been inactive during this period of flood response and contingency plans remain unused in the regions. DDRM continues to struggle with capacity problems, coupled with a lack of an information management system. Coordination will therefore remain at the centre stage of UN support to the Government. There will be a need for continued monitoring of the situation of the IDPs, supporting the Government in mapping out its early recovery plan, including strengthening preparedness over the coming months. 13

18 After the deactivation of FEMCO, it has been hard to get data from the information management system put in place during the FEMCO intervention which facilitated collection of data, reporting of reliable data, and dissemination. The lack of continuation of the systemized approach will hamper coherent and cohesive humanitarian response to emergencies in Namibia. Coordination therefore remains an important element in making sure that available information is properly channelled and received by all stakeholders Education In collaboration with the MoE, the MGECW, UNICEF and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) have ensured safe learning environments that support students through special provisions in relocation camps and within schools where students are camping. Tracking of learners in flood-affected areas, implementation of monitoring systems to track abuse and violence against learners, and provision of sanitation facilities where required are some of the strategies adopted to ensure that minimum standards for education in emergencies are maintained. With the closure of the flood relocation camps, efforts will move towards supporting Government responsiveness and preparedness in the event of a future flood. Support in rehabilitating destroyed classrooms as well as provision of learning material is also required. 3.3 NEXT STEPS The Government is currently leading a vulnerability assessment and capacity assessment particularly on food security in the affected regions to determine the impact of the floods on food security, which is to be addressed by the GRN through the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA), other key ministries and the DDRM. This will be closely monitored by the UN in order to determine further areas of intervention and how best to support the GRN. 4. COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN 4.1 SCENARIOS Most likely scenario Core elements Slow rehabilitation/reconstruction of damaged houses and provision of alternative shelter, prompting longer-thannecessary displacement; alternatively, living conditions below standards of safety and dignity in places of return. Many IDPs are likely to return to the relocation centres because their homes were completely destroyed. There are currently still 2,065 IDPs in relocation centres due to lack of homes. Livelihoods of the most vulnerable population have been affected, which could worsen their food security. Further deterioration of food security is also expected as household incomes are likely to suffer from the loss of their crops and cattle and revenue from sale thereof. Losses suffered by households on food stocks, property and income and the possibility of rising food insecurity in the coming months could lead to more malnutrition problems among children Effects on humanitarian needs and aid operations The very vulnerable population will stay longer or return in/to the relocation centres even though the Government is planning to stop the food relief by 31 July Most vulnerable IDP households exposed to longer- than-necessary displacement and not able to return in safety and dignity to places of origin. The estimated 25,000 children under five in the affected population need to be regularly monitored and assessed for malnutrition. The population at risk of malaria, which includes children and women estimated at 36,000, need to be protected. Since some ITNS were already provided, 20,000 more ITNs will be required. Needs of returnees neither accurately identified nor appropriately responded to by Government and humanitarian stakeholders. Seeds could be eaten during the lean season that will start with the agricultural season in November and this may affect food security for the next agriculture season. 14