IDENTIFICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT (ID4D)

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Madeleine Fitzgerald
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1 IDENTIFICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT (ID4D)

2 1 Overview: Context 2

in rural/remote areas, children, migrants, refugees and stateless persons. The lack of ID makes it difficult for individuals to.

transfer or inherit property Cross borders safely and legally which results in Economic, political and social exclusion Service

3 Scale of the problem: An estimated 1.1 billion people are unable to prove their identity Large proportions come from vulnerable populations: the poor, people living in rural/remote areas, children, migrants, refugees and stateless persons. The lack of ID makes it difficult for individuals to... Access financial accounts and credit Vote in elections Prove eligibility for and access social and health benefits Own, transfer or inherit property Cross borders safely and legally which results in Economic, political and social exclusion Service delivery and governance challenges, e.g. leakages and ineffective targeting in programs Difficulty tracking development progress due to no or unreliable data Missed opportunities for innovation, digital inclusion and e-government 3

Use cases: INDIA: 73m new bank accounts opened using ekyc; 472m accounts linked with Aadhar SOUTH AFRICA: A deduplication of social security administration beneficiaries led to ~US$2 billion savings

4 Use cases: INDIA: 73m new bank accounts opened using ekyc; 472m accounts linked with Aadhar SOUTH AFRICA: A deduplication of social security administration beneficiaries led to ~US$2 billion savings per year. PERU: ID verifies beneficiaries to access universal health insurance, and enables tracking of vaccines Financial inclusion Removing barriers through ekyc Enabling digital payments Reducing risk for credit Women s empowerment Direct payments & transfers to women in the household Enforcing child marriage laws Social protection Better targeting of beneficiaries Eliminating leakages ghosts Enable digital G2P payments THAILAND: Universal ID system enables stateless children to attend school Health Health insurance for UHC Unique ID for healthcare delivery & tracking,, incl. vaccinations Regional integration Safe & orderly migration Cross-border services & payments Education Removing barriers to enrolment Improving EMIS Digital Identification Platform

Current Challenges in Implementation: Governance & Harmonization Legal & Regulatory Technology & Infrastructure Costs & Accessibility

g. between civil registries and civil identification.

regulatory frameworks on civil identification, privacy, and data protection Where frameworks are in place, they are often dated or

there is often vendor lock in Lack of connectivity and physical infrastructure; e.g.

5 Current Challenges in Implementation: Governance & Harmonization Legal & Regulatory Technology & Infrastructure Costs & Accessibility When systems are fragmented, silo ministries engage in duplicative or one-off efforts resulting in waste (e.g. Nigeria) Lack of coordination e.g. between civil registries and civil identification. Low administrative and IT capacity to make strategic technical decisions and follow through on implementation Outdated legal & regulatory frameworks on civil identification, privacy, and data protection Where frameworks are in place, they are often dated or inadequate, and some face issues with implementation Prevalence of legacy manual paper based systems Where electronic systems exist, there is often vendor lock in Lack of connectivity and physical infrastructure; e.g. in storing/managing data and in remote enrolment and off-line authentication Fees, indirect costs, and convoluted processes create inefficiencies and create barriers to identification Disproportionate impacts of lack of access for women, displaced persons and other marginalized groups 5

6 Identified Success Factors: Political Will & oversight Robust legal & regulatory frameworks Unique Identity Number from birth Minimalist enrollment and authentication Inclusive approach to registration Linkages to services and benefits Standards based approach High level support & crossministerial engagement for a national action plan Clearly defined institutional mandates; laws to protect data security and privacy UIN as a minimum layer to link civil registration and identification systems Civil identification with secure databases and authentication protocols Targeted enrolment strategies to bring in remote or vulnerable populations Efficient service delivery with ease of access Adherence to established standards and procurement rules Uruguay President positioned identification as a national priority Belgium Thailand Denmark Pakistan The Data Integrated CR & Minimum data Targeted Protection Law ID agency collection for enrolment (2001) and provided unique maximum strategies for others regulate number from protection of remote areas use of data birth to death personal data and women Peru RENIEC links to finances, health, G2P, pensions, & scholarships India Publishes standards for use by vendors. 6

7 2 ID4D Overview 7

ID4D s multi-sectoral approach leverages expertise across the Bank Group Global Practices Other Depts Transport & ICT Social Protection & Labor Finance & Markets Health, Nutrition, Population

8 ID4D s multi-sectoral approach leverages expertise across the Bank Group Global Practices Other Depts Transport & ICT Social Protection & Labor Finance & Markets Health, Nutrition, Population Governance Gender Legal DEC CGAP IFC Leveraging ICT; egovernment Solutions Effective Targeting of Social Safety Nets and Pensions Financial Inclusion & Credit Reporting; Digital payment systems Universal Health Coverage; civil registration; Improved Tracking of Health Outcomes Increased Transparency and Revenue Mobilization; Civil Service Reform Women s Empowerment for Property Rights & Financial Access Privacy; Data Security & Protection; Anti- Discriminatio n Demographic Data and Vital Statistics Access to financial services for the poor Fintech & Public Private Partnerships 8

Activities: Three overarching pillars of ID4D activity Analytics on

development, and on best practices to guide design and roll-out of

and regions through advisory and financing implementation of systems

various public, private, non-profit, and multilateral stakeholders

9 Activities: Three overarching pillars of ID4D activity Analytics on the impact of ID systems on individual and institutional development, and on best practices to guide design and roll-out of ID systems Country & Regional Engagement to interested governments and regions through advisory and financing implementation of systems and linkages with services Global Platforms & Convening of the various public, private, non-profit, and multilateral stakeholders working on this agenda, including the establishment of a platform for South-South learning 9

10 ID4D initiative 10

11 2A Analytics 11

12 Thought Leadership: Filling gaps Why identification systems are important How to build robust identification systems Operational Guide and the tracking of progress towards our goals ID and Ending Child Marriage* Potential Fiscal Savings Linkages with delivery of services Linkages between CR & ID Emerging Technologies Impact Assessments of ID Global Dataset & Trend Analysis * Costs of ID systems Legal Frameworks Role of ID in Financial Inclusion * End User Research Role of ID in Forced Displacement* Country Cases: India, Thailand, SA Synthesis of Africa IMSAs* Public Private Partnerships* Findex Survey Results Africa Country Briefs * * Complete pieces under dissemination 12

13 Thought leadership: Published Research Country Assessments Digital ID Toolkit Empowering Women State of ID Systems in Africa ID4D Global Dataset 2017 Public-Private Cooperation Role of ID in Forced Displacement Strategic Framework Role of ID in Child Marriage 13

14 Global ID4DData Set 14

15 2B Global Platforms & Convening 15

Global Platforms & Convening: Common Principles on Identification Develop a shared perspective on identification across 20+

reached by October 2017 South South Knowledge Exchange Allow countries to learn from successful models implemented in other emerging

Pool of experts Sept 16: Tanzania-India Learning Exchange Apr & Oct 17: Morocco-India Learning Exchange Jan 18: Cote d Ivoire/Guinea Peru

16 Global Platforms & Convening: Common Principles on Identification Develop a shared perspective on identification across 20+ organizations, including UN agencies, other development partners, and the private sector Launched in February endorsements reached by October 2017 South South Knowledge Exchange Allow countries to learn from successful models implemented in other emerging countries via site visits, workshops, and high level meetings. Pool of experts Sept 16: Tanzania-India Learning Exchange Apr & Oct 17: Morocco-India Learning Exchange Jan 18: Cote d Ivoire/Guinea Peru Exchange Global Platforms Develop global public goods which facilitate development of identification systems across a range of countries Sept 16 and 17: Global Standards Workshops Discussions on Minimum Standards Open Source Approaches 16

ID4D High Level Advisory Council These nine thought leaders will meet semi-annually to: Provide strategic guidance to ID4D on thematic issues and trends

17 ID4D High Level Advisory Council These nine thought leaders will meet semi-annually to: Provide strategic guidance to ID4D on thematic issues and trends related to digital ID Raise awareness of the ID4D vision, e.g. at international fora (WEF, UNGA, etc.) Share visions and approaches of best practices 17

Global Convening & Advocacy: PRINCIPIOS SOBRE LA IDENTIFICATION Principles document, endorsed by over 20 organisations African Development Bank (AfDB) Asian Development Bank (ADB) Bill

Open Identity Exchange UK/Europe Organization of American States OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) Plan International Secure Identity Alliance (SIA) The

18 Global Convening & Advocacy: PRINCIPIOS SOBRE LA IDENTIFICATION Principles document, endorsed by over 20 organisations African Development Bank (AfDB) Asian Development Bank (ADB) Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) Center for Global Development (CGD) Digital Impact Alliance (DIAL) ID4Africa International Organization for Migration (IOM) Mastercard Omidyar Network Open Identity Exchange UK/Europe Organization of American States OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) Plan International Secure Identity Alliance (SIA) The GSMA UNHCR, The UN Refugee Agency United Nations Children s Fund (UNICEF) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) World Bank Group 18

19 Global Convening & Advocacy: PRINCIPIOS SOBRE LA IDENTIFICATION PIOS PRINCIPIOS SOBRE LA IDENTIFICACIÓN PARA EL DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE: HACIA LA ERA DIGITAL DISEÑO ESTABILIDAD, SEGURIDAD, CAPACIDAD DE RESPUESTA Y SOSTENIBILIDAD INCLUSION COBERTURA Y ACCESIBILIDAD UNIVERSAL GOBERNABILIDAD FOMENTO DE CONFIANZA MEDIANTE LA PROTECCION DE LA PRIVACIDAD Y DERECHOS DE LOS USUARIOS 19

20 Global Convening & Advocacy: PRINCIPIOS SOBRE LA IDENTIFICATION INCLUSION COBERTURA Y ACCESIBILIDAD UNIVERSAL 1. Garantizar una cobertura universal para los individuos desde el nacimiento hasta la muerte, sin discriminación. 2. Eliminación de obstáculos al acceso y uso y de las disparidades en la disponibilidad de información y tecnología. 20

21 Global Convening & Advocacy: PRINCIPIOS SOBRE LA IDENTIFICATION 3. Establecimiento de una identidad única, segura y precisa desde el nacimiento hasta la muerte. DISEÑO ESTABILIDAD, SEGURIDAD, CAPACIDAD DE RESPUESTA Y SOSTENIBILIDAD 4. Creación de una plataforma que sea interoperable y que responda a las necesidades de los diversos usuarios. 5. Uso de estándares abiertos y garantía de neutralidad tecnológica y de proveedores. 6. Protección de la privacidad del usuario y control mediante el diseño de sistemas. 7. Planificación para la sostenibilidad financiera y operacional sin comprometer la accesibilidad. 21

22 Global Convening & Advocacy: PRINCIPLES ON IDENTIFICATION GOBERNABILIDAD FOMENTO DE CONFIANZA MEDIANTE LA PROTECCION DE LA PRIVACIDAD Y DERECHOS DE LOS USUARIOS 8. Salvaguarda de la privacidad de los datos, la seguridad y los derechos de las personas naturales a través de un marco jurídico y normativo amplio. 9. Establecimiento de mandatos institucionales claros y rendición de cuentas. 10. Aplicación de los marcos jurídicos y de confianza con vigilancia independiente y resolución de quejas. 22

23 Global Convening & Advocacy : Country Advisory Pool of ex-uidai and Estonia experts: Leveraged in East Africa Regional Project, Tanzania, Nigeria, Ghana, and Myanmar Visits to India: By delegations from Morocco (Apr 17) & Tanzania (Sept 16) Visit to Peru: Planned for Guinea & Cote d Ivoire (Nov 17) (West Africa Project) Estonia: Dialogue with egovernance Academy for East Africa workshop (Tanzania, Q1 FY18) Learning Exchange Visits South-South Knowledge Sharing Global Advisory Role High Level Advisory Panel Advising on Global Public Goods: Costs of ID systems; Emerging new technologies; Global standards; Open source approaches to ID 23

24 2C Country & Regional Engagement 24

25 Country Engagement: ID4D has completed ID Assessments in >27 Countries BOTSWANA BANGLADESH RWANDA KENYA BURKINA FASO ETHIOPIA MADAGASCAR CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC EGYPT DRC SIERRA LEONE CHAD ZAMBIA MYANMAR LESOTHO PHILIPPINES PERU NIGERIA LIBERIA TANZANIA GUINEA SOMALIA NIGER UGANDA MOROCCO IVORY COAST GHANA CAMEROON NAMIBIA SAO TOME & PRINCIPE TONGA JORDAN FISCAL YEAR FISCAL YEAR FISCAL YEAR PLANNED 25

Country Engagement: Over $500 million currently committed across the World Bank for identification projects; $500 million in pipeline Dialogue Indonesia

Myanmar Botswana Zambia Sierra Leone Somalia Pipeline Financing (IDA/IBRD) Tanzania Uganda Kenya Cote d Ivoire Guinea Lao PDR* Mozambique* Rwanda Tonga

26 Country Engagement: Over $500 million currently committed across the World Bank for identification projects; $500 million in pipeline Dialogue Indonesia Benin Egypt Togo Jordan Assessment Uganda (launch in Nov) Lesotho Niger Sao Tome & Principe Central African Republic Tunisia Advisory/TA Nigeria Tanzania Myanmar Botswana Zambia Sierra Leone Somalia Pipeline Financing (IDA/IBRD) Tanzania Uganda Kenya Cote d Ivoire Guinea Lao PDR* Mozambique* Rwanda Tonga Financing & Implementation (IDA/IBRD) Bangladesh Ethiopia* Uganda* Cameroon* DRC* Djibouti Liberia* Morocco Nepal* * Civil Registration Projects Regional ID Projects

27 Activities Project Country Assistance Financing Regional engagement Technical assistance Morocco: $150m project to establish a national population registry for enhanced service delivery and social protection East African Community: Financing and technical assistance for mutual recognition of national IDs Tanzania: Developing a roadmap for how the national ID will support service delivery and be integrated with civil registration Supporting technical design, development and enrolment System will provide online biometric authentication Building on top a unified social registry to improve targeting of 40+ social assistance programs 2 South-South visits to India for learning about Aadhaar Supporting free movement of persons, capital and services, as well as realization of a new regional digital single market Development of a 5-year roadmap for the 6 EAC countries for mutual recognition rather than harmonization Potential financing for implementation by Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda Expert advice on strategy for completing mass enrolment of >20m people Identifying priority use cases and how they will benefit, to generate buy in from providers Reviews of legal and institutional environment Integration of separate civil registration and ID systems, to start issuing UINs from birth 27

28 GRACIAS POR SU ATENCION Para información adicional favour contactar a Sra. Vyjayanti Desai, Gerente de ID4D. vdesai@worldbank.org

IDENTIFICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT (ID4D)

IDENTIFICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT (ID4D) Context: Lack of official identification is a vital development challenge 1.5 billion people are unable to prove their identity Most unregistered children and adults