AUSTRALIA S REFUGEE RESPONSE NOT THE MOST GENEROUS BUT IN TOP 25
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1 19 July 2013 AUSTRALIA S REFUGEE RESPONSE NOT THE MOST GENEROUS BUT IN TOP 25 Australia is not the world s most generous country in its response to refugees but is just inside the top 25, according to an analysis of the latest global statistics by the Refugee Council of Australia (RCOA). Responding to political claims and media reports this week that Australia takes more refugees per capita than any other nation in the world, RCOA chief executive officer Paul Power said his organisation s analysis of the 2012 statistics from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) showed Australia was 22 nd on a per capita basis in 2012 and 24 th over the past decade. Mr Power said that, according to UNHCR 2012 Global Trends data, Australia last year gave refugee protection to 8,367 asylum seekers and resettled 5,937 refugees from other countries. This represented 0.99% of the 1,450,394 refugees recognised or resettled during While Australia has one of the most generous refugee resettlement programs, it is false to then claim that it is more generous in receiving refugees than any other nation, Mr Power said. Less than 1% of the world s refugees get access to resettlement in any year, with the bulk of the global protection of refugees being carried out through asylum processes. When the protection of refugees through asylum processes and the further protection of refugees through resettlement are considered together, Australia is ranked 19 th overall, 22 nd on a per capita basis and 38 th relative to total national gross domestic product (GDP), based on the 2012 figures. Looking at figures for the past decade, Australia is 19 th overall, 24 th on a per capita basis and 56 th relative to national GDP. The UNHCR 2012 Global Trends statistics show that in 2012 Australia: Received 1.47% of the global total of 2,011,334 new asylum claims (20 th overall, 29 th per capita and 52 nd relative to GDP). Gave refugee recognition to 0.61% of the 1,361,816 asylum seekers recognised as refugees (28 th overall, 32 nd per capita and 44 th relative to GDP). Resettled 6.70% of the 88,578 refugees resettled (3 rd overall, 2 nd per capita and 2 nd relative to national GDP). Even a quick look at the global figures shows that the increased flow of asylum seekers to Australia is relatively small in international terms. While Australia received 29,610 asylum applications in 2012, Turkey received 325,301, Jordan 135,946, Lebanon 134,896, South Sudan 101,480 and France 97,643. In the period since the 2012 statistics were collected, the challenges of handling mass refugee flows in the Middle East have grown considerably. Since January this year, more than a million Syrian refugees have fled to Lebanon, Jordan, Turkey, Iraq and Egypt. In Lebanon today, the registered refugee population stands at 620,000 but UNHCR acknowledges that, with so many Syrians still waiting for registration, the current population is more than one million in a country with a total population of just 4.3 million. Even Australia s most strident political commentators would have to acknowledge that the 30,000 asylum applications received in the past 12 months in this nation is modest in comparison. Media contact: Andrew Williams See following pages for tables of statistics on refugee populations, asylum claims, refugee recognition and resettlement. All statistics drawn by RCOA from UNHCR 2012 Global Trends. Suite 4A6, 410 Elizabeth Street Surry Hills NSW 2010 Australia Phone: (02) Fax: (02) Web: Incorporated in ACT ABN The Refugee Council of Australia represents non-government organisations and individuals working with and for refugees in Australia and around the world
2 AUSTRALIA S ROLE IN GLOBAL REFUGEE PROTECTION IN 2011 AND 2012 Table 1: Australia in global refugee statistics, 2012 Global Australian Australia s Per To total total total share capita GDP Refugees under UNHCR mandate, 31 Dec ,500,241 30, % Asylum applications received in ,011,334 29, % Asylum applications pending, 31 December ,740 20, % Asylum seekers recognised as refugees, ,361,816 8, % Refugees resettled from other countries, ,578 5, % Refugees recognised, registered or resettled, ,450,394 14, % Refugees recognised, registered or resettled, ,142, , % Refugees hosted, 2012, and resettled, ,335, , % Table 2: Comparison with the previous year Australia in global refugee statistics, 2011 Global Australian Australia s Per To total total total share capita GDP Refugees under UNHCR mandate, 31 Dec ,404,806 23, % Asylum applications received in ,669,725 15, % Asylum applications pending, 31 December ,284 5, % Asylum seekers recognised as refugees, ,018,719 5, % Refugees resettled from other countries, ,784 9, % Refugees recognised, registered or resettled, ,098,503 14, % Refugees recognised, registered or resettled, ,925, , % Refugees hosted, 2011, and resettled, ,202, , %
3 ORIGIN OF REFUGEES, 2012 Table 3: Refugees, by country of origin, 31 December 2012 Country or territory of origin Refugees People in refugee-like situations Asylum seekers Afghanistan 2,585,605-2,585, ,834 2 Somalia 1,136, ,136, ,978 5 Iraq 746, , ,920 8 Syria 728, , ,671 6 Sudan 558,468 10, , , Dem. Rep. of Congo 509, , ,965 1 Myanmar 215, , , ,621 7 Colombia 111, , , , Vietnam 336, , , Eritrea 247,795 37, , , China 193, , , Central African Rep. 162,442 2, , , Serbia and Kosovo 157, , , Mali 149, , , Turkey 135, , , Sri Lanka 132, , , Western Sahara 90,452 26, , Russian Federation 110, , , Côte d'ivoire 100, , , Rwanda 97,471-97, , Palestine * 94, , , South Sudan 86, , , Iran 75, , ,719 9 Ethiopia 74, , ,719 3 Burundi 73,645-73, , Croatia 62,613-62, , Bosnia and Herzegovina 51, , , Pakistan 33,624 16,112 49, , Bhutan 41,589-41, Chad 15,845 23,850 39, , Haiti 38,567-38, , Mauritania 33,774-33, , Ukraine 25, , , Ghana 24, , , Liberia 23, , , Zimbabwe 22,098-22, ,385 4 Angola 20,182-20, , Senegal 18,721-18, , Nigeria 18, , , Armenia 16, , , Azerbaijan 15,914-15, , Togo 15, , , Indonesia 10,054 5,472 15, Lebanon 15,112-15, , Tibet 15,068-15, India 14,258-14, , Guinea 14,206-14, , Cambodia 13, , Cameroon 13,410-13, , Albania 12,573-12, , Other countries (148) 236,637 5, ,228 81,673 Stateless 19,755-19,755 3,007 Various/unknown 125,927 7, , ,545 9,881, ,703 10,500, ,740 * Refers to Palestinian refugees under the UNHCR mandate only.
4 Table 4: Increases in refugee populations 2012, by country of origin Country or territory of origin Group recognition Individual recognition Resettlement arrivals Births Other increases Syria 646,971 18, , ,788 Mali 142,651 2, ,725 Sudan 115,910 7,360 2,090 11,833 2, ,622 Somalia 75,133 17,628 8,021 21,604 15, ,616 Dem. Rep. of Congo 42,072 29,813 3,631 13,120 11,733 96,738 South Sudan 35, ,647 40,565 78,748 Eritrea 16,978 21,269 3,452 3,256 4,806 46,309 Afghanistan - 19,019 3,080 18, ,198 Côte d'ivoire 18,549 1, ,645 3,092 24,854 Iraq 5,071 15,010 20, ,250 24,227 Myanmar - 14,186 17,340 3,824 1,996 20,006 Pakistan 13,174 4, ,586 Burundi 106 2, ,277 9,195 14,965 Ethiopia 930 7,829 2, ,485 12,093 China - 11, ,933 Angola ,050 10,912 Iran - 10,758 3, ,892 Central African Rep. 2,858 1, , ,578 Ghana 4, ,407 Haiti - 1, ,797 5,131 Liberia ,875 2,313 4,295 Russian Federation - 4, ,241 Colombia - 4, ,083 Rwanda ,298 1,510 3,778 Sri Lanka 9 3, ,712 Bhutan - 1,222 16,331 1, ,923 Egypt 2 2, ,638 Nigeria 1 1, ,825 Turkey - 1, ,805 El Salvador ,158 1,803 Guinea 1 1, ,686 Serbia and Kosovo - 1, ,504 Palestine ,231 Mexico - 1, ,146 Chad ,123 Senegal ,089 Bangladesh Cameroon Albania Kenya Honduras Uganda Venezuela Nepal Congo Armenia Guatemala Zimbabwe Gambia Georgia Other countries (125) 23 11,119 4, ,024 Stateless - 2, ,434 Various/unknown - 3, ,115 Grand 1,121, ,864 88,566 91, ,253 1,702,682
5 REFUGEES BY COUNTRY OF ASYLUM, 2012 Table 5: Refugees and asylum seekers by country of asylum, 2012 Country of asylum Refugees People in refugeelike situations per 1000 population per $b GDP Asylum seekers Pakistan 1,638,456-1,638, , ,284 Iran 868, , Germany 589, , ,560 Kenya 564, , , ,944 Syria 476, , , ,222 Ethiopia 376, , , Chad 373, , , Jordan 302, , , ,936 China 301, , Turkey 267, , ,051 United States 262, , ,966 Yemen 237, , , ,483 Bangladesh 30, , , France 217, , ,885 Venezuela 3, , , South Sudan 202, , , Uganda 197, , , ,072 India 185, , ,559 Canada 163, , ,643 Sudan 126,218 25, , , ,683 United Kingdom 149, , ,916 Lebanon 133, , , ,912 Ecuador 55,480 68, , ,567 Egypt 109, , ,952 Tanzania 101, , , Cameroon 98,969-98, , ,126 Iraq 98,822-98, ,914 Congo 98,455-98, , ,319 Algeria 94,133-94, ,736 Sweden 92,872-92, ,014 Malaysia 89, , ,650 Thailand 84,479-84, ,580 Mauritania 54,496 26,000 80, , Netherlands 74,598-74, ,420 Serbia and Kosovo 66,370-66, Liberia 65, , , South Africa 65,233-65, ,442 Dem. Rep. of Congo 65,109-65, , ,825 Italy 64,779-64, ,330 Rwanda 58,212-58, , ,477 Nepal 56,264-56, , Austria 51,730-51, ,429 Switzerland 50,747-50, ,709 Niger 50,510-50, , Israel ,401 48, ,699 Norway 42,822-42, ,354 Burundi 41,813-41, , ,130 Burkina Faso 39,306-39, , Australia 30,083-30, ,010 Zambia 25,653-25, , ,193 Other countries (126) 384,856 48, , ,970 Various Grand 9,881, ,703 10,500, ,740
6 ASYLUM APPLICATIONS, 2012 Table 6: Applications for asylum received in 2012 Country of asylum Individual asylum applications Group recognition asylum applications applications per 1000 population applications per $b GDP Turkey 17, , , Jordan 2, , , Lebanon 2, , , South Sudan , , France 97,643-97, South Africa 96,638-96, Ethiopia 1,222 94,259 95, Germany 77,651-77, United States 66,101-66, Iraq 1,003 63,262 64, Mauritania ,028 54, Uganda 14,441 40,175 54, Niger 7 50,204 50, Sweden 43,876-43, Belgium 38,570-38, Burkina Faso 22 38,379 38, United Kingdom 36,522-36, Kenya 21,242 13,761 35, Switzerland 32,359-32, Australia 29,610-29, Yemen 3,394 22,314 25, Canada 20,223-20, Malaysia 20,183-20, Egypt 6,667 12,899 19, Norway 18,309-18, Austria 17,413-17, Italy 17,352-17, Greece 17,338-17, Rwanda 17,086-17, Sudan 15, , Afghanistan 19 13,169 13, Ecuador 12,090-12, Togo 6,074 5,791 11, Israel 1,999 9,679 11, Poland 10,761-10, Ghana 117 9,142 9, Liberia 39 8,598 8, Burundi 8,300-8, Indonesia 7,223-7, Denmark 6,186-6, Chad 3,979 1,555 5, Libya 4, , Djibouti 1,296 3,195 4, Japan 4,329-4, Pakistan 3,934-3, Syria 2,024 1,886 3, Cameroon 3,531-3, Somalia 3,438-3, India 3, , Malawi 3,377-3, Other countries (104) 70,032 3,730 73,762 Grand 889,382 1,121,952 2,011,334
7 Table 7: Asylum cases pending, 31 December 2012 Country of asylum Cases pending, 31 Dec 2012 Cases pending per 1000 population Cases pending per $b GDP South Africa 230, Germany 85, France 49, Kenya 41, Greece 36, Canada 32, Uganda 28, Austria 22, Switzerland 21, Angola 20, Australia 20, United States 18, United Kingdom 18, Sweden 18, Egypt 16, Belgium 15, Thailand 14, Ecuador 14, Italy 14, Turkey 14, Malaysia 11, Netherlands 10, Malawi 10, Norway 9, Somalia 8, Mozambique 8, Sudan 7, Libya 6, Yemen 6, Burundi 6, Indonesia 6, Israel 5, Ireland 5, Ukraine 5, Iraq 4, Japan 4, India 3, Congo 3, Pakistan 3, Cameroon 3, Djibouti 3, Jordan 2, Spain 2, Cyprus 2, Ghana 2, Central African Rep. 2, Poland 2, Gabon 2, Senegal 2, Syria 2, Other countries (114) 45,776 Grand 936,740
8 ASYLUM SEEKERS RECOGNISED AS REFUGEES DURING 2012 Table 8: Refugees recognised in 2012, by country of asylum Country of asylum or resettlement Group recognition Individual recognition recognition Per 1000 population Per $b GDP Turkey 307,744 10, , Jordan 133, , , Lebanon 132, , , South Sudan 101, , , Ethiopia 94,259 1,188 95, Iraq 63, , Mauritania 54, , , Niger 50,204-50, , Uganda 40,175 8,558 48, Burkina Faso 38,379-38, , United States - 25,268 25, Yemen 22, , Kenya 13,761 4,319 18, Germany - 17,140 17, Egypt 12,899 3,243 16, Rwanda - 15,108 15, , Sudan 52 14,044 14, Sweden - 13,708 13, Afghanistan 13, , Malaysia - 13,064 13, Canada - 10,294 10, United Kingdom - 10,007 10, France - 9,946 9, Israel 9, , Ghana 9, , Liberia 8, , , Italy - 8,544 8, Australia - 8,367 8, South Africa - 7,950 7, Burundi - 6,422 6, , Togo 5, , Austria - 5,730 5, Belgium - 5,603 5, Chad 1,555 3,960 5, Norway - 5,421 5, Switzerland - 4,092 4, Djibouti 3, , , Syria 1, , India 9 2,087 2, Zambia 1, , Pakistan - 1,677 1, Denmark - 1,582 1, Ecuador - 1,543 1, Malta - 1,427 1, Finland - 1,335 1, Nepal - 1,244 1, Indonesia - 1,223 1, Venezuela - 1,182 1, Dem. Rep. of Congo Russian Federation Other countries (96) 1,842 9,292 11,134 Grand 1,121, ,864 1,361,816
9 REFUGEES RESETTLED DURING 2012 Table 9: Refugees resettled in 2012, by receiving country Country of resettlement Resettlement arrivals Per 1000 population Per $b GDP United States 66, Canada 9, Australia 5, Sweden 1, Norway 1, United Kingdom 1, New Zealand Finland Denmark Germany Spain France Brazil Ireland Portugal Philippines Iceland Uruguay Argentina Chile Hungary Liechtenstein Netherlands no data - - Grand 88,578
10 REFUGEES RECOGNISED OR RESETTLED Table 10: Recognition and resettlement of refugees 2012, by receiving country Country of asylum or resettlement Refugee recognition Per 1000 and resettlement population Per $b GDP Turkey 318, Jordan 134, , Lebanon 133, , South Sudan 101, , Ethiopia 95, United States 91, Iraq 63, Mauritania 54, , Niger 50, , Uganda 48, Burkina Faso 38, , Yemen 23, Canada 19, Kenya 18, Germany 17, Egypt 16, Sweden 15, Rwanda 15, , Australia 14, Sudan 14, Afghanistan 13, Malaysia 13, United Kingdom 11, France 10, Israel 9, Ghana 9, Liberia 8, , Italy 8, South Africa 7, Norway 6, Burundi 6, , Togo 5, Austria 5, Belgium 5, Chad 5, Switzerland 4, Djibouti 3, , Syria 2, India 2, Finland 2, Denmark 2, Zambia 1, Pakistan 1, Ecuador 1, Malta 1, Nepal 1, Indonesia 1, Venezuela 1, New Zealand Dem. Rep. of Congo Other countries (94) 12, Grand 1,450,394
11 Table 11: Refugees recognised and resettled, Country/territory of asylum Refugees recognised, Refugees resettled, Per 1000 population Per $b GDP Syria 1,639,364 1,639, , United States 227, , , Iran 678, , Jordan 662, , , Kenya 486, , , Chad 452, , , Turkey 364, , Tanzania 330, , , Uganda 299, , , Pakistan 293, , Sudan 267, , , Ethiopia 258, , , Canada 115, , , Dem. Rep. of Congo 201, , , Yemen 198, , , Lebanon 194, , , Malaysia 148, , United Kingdom 137,027 4, , Australia 30, , , Congo 124, , , France 119, , Sweden 91,897 17, , South Sudan 101, , , Cameroon 101, , , Switzerland 88,638 88, Thailand 78,667 78, Germany 75,465 2,908 78, Burundi 77,063 77, , Iraq 76,959 76, Netherlands 65,988 4,012 70, India 69,664 69, Italy 61,173 61, Rwanda 58,285 58, , Egypt 57,976 57, Liberia 57,615 57, , Ecuador 56,732 56, Guinea 56,163 56, , Mauritania 54,944 54, , Norway 40,918 11,052 51, Austria 51,730 51, South Africa 50,377 50, Niger 50,338 50, , Zambia 50,260 50, , Côte d'ivoire 46,218 46, , Ghana 42,565 42, Burkina Faso 38,624 38, , Belgium 33, , Sierra Leone 29,049 29, , Central African Rep. 28, , , Benin 27, , , Other countries (112) 357,622 19, ,483 Grand 9,306, ,440 10,142,203
12 Table 12: Refugees hosted 2012 and refugees resettled Country/territory of asylum Refugees hosted, Dec 2012 Refugees resettled, Per 1000 people Per $b GDP Pakistan 1,638,456 1,638, Iran 868, , United States 262, , , Germany 589,737 2, , Kenya 564, , Syria 476, , Ethiopia 376, , Chad 373, , Jordan 302, , China 301, , Canada 163, , , Turkey 267, , Yemen 237, , Bangladesh 230, , France 217, , Venezuela 203, , South Sudan 202, , Uganda 197, , India 185, , United Kingdom 149,765 4, , Sudan 152, , Australia 30, , , Lebanon 133, , Ecuador 123, , Sweden 92,872 17, , Egypt 109, , Tanzania 101, , Cameroon 98,969 98, Iraq 98,822 98, Congo 98,455 98, Algeria 94,133 94, Malaysia 90,185 90, Thailand 84,479 84, Mauritania 80,496 80, Netherlands 74,598 4,012 78, Serbia and Kosovo 66,370 66, Liberia 65,909 65, South Africa 65,233 65, Dem. Rep. of Congo 65,109 65, Italy 64,779 64, Rwanda 58,212 58, Nepal 56,264 56, Norway 42,822 11,052 53, Austria 51,730 51, Switzerland 50,747 50, Niger 50,510 50, Israel 48,505 48, Burundi 41,813 41, Burkina Faso 39,306 39, Zambia 25,653 25, Other countries (117) 433,453 20, , Grand 10,500, ,440 11,335,681
13 RESETTLEMENT OF REFUGEES OVER THE PAST DECADE Table 13: Refugees resettled by country of arrival, Country of arrival Argentina Australia 11,855 15,967 11,654 13,439 9,628 11,006 11,080 8,516 9,226 5, ,308 Belgium Brazil Canada 10,731 10,521 10,400 10,651 11,155 10,804 12,457 12,098 12,929 9, ,370 Central African Rep Chile Czech Republic Denmark ,976 El Salvador Finland ,596 France Germany , ,908 Guatemala Hungary 1 1 Iceland Ireland Japan Jordan Liechtenstein 1 1 Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands ,012 New Zealand ,213 Nicaragua Norway 1, , ,391 1,097 1,273 1,228 11,052 Paraguay Philippines Portugal Spain Sweden 942 1,801 1,263 2,376 1,845 2,209 1,936 1,786 1,895 1,873 17,926 United Kingdom ,039 4,953 United States 28,422 52,868 53,813 41,277 48,281 60,192 79,937 71,362 51,458 66, ,899 Uruguay Grand 55,588 83,676 80,796 71,713 75,302 88, ,442 98,761 79,784 88, ,440 1 Figures based on reporting by countries of arrival and include refugees resettled through programs which do not involve referral by UNHCR.
14 Table 14: Refugees resettled by country of departure, Country of departure Thailand 452 1,584 2,510 4,700 14,610 16,797 16,773 11,415 9,569 7,274 85,684 Nepal ,166 17,443 14,829 18,095 16,707 75,287 Kenya 8,182 11,561 6,819 6,208 6,507 3,919 4,474 3,773 3,581 2,659 57,683 Malaysia ,220 5,597 5,865 7,509 7,955 8,370 10,489 48,726 Turkey ,292 1,262 1,609 2,667 3,832 6,038 5,335 4,388 5,935 36,293 Syria ,019 7,253 9,578 7,120 4,664 3,480 34,829 Jordan ,588 6,668 5,562 3,561 1,035 3,455 22,791 Tanzania ,195 1,567 6,185 3,219 1,106 2, ,189 Egypt 3,614 4,215 1,330 2, ,169 1, ,493 16,518 Ethiopia , , ,355 3,087 2,563 2,616 15,870 Lebanon ,370 2,626 1, ,947 12,200 Iran ,438 7,573 Ghana 1,088 1,743 1,904 1, ,020 Côte d'ivoire 1,646 4, ,854 Uganda , ,274 6,505 India , ,626 Sudan , ,250 Russian Federation ,141 Ecuador ,893 Zambia ,517 Pakistan 1, ,316 Rwanda ,310 Guinea , ,110 Yemen ,807 Malawi ,522 Sierra Leone , ,465 Tunisia ,931 2,351 Iraq ,976 Zimbabwe ,947 Malta ,766 Uzbekistan ,757 Indonesia ,677 Kyrgyzstan ,658 Burundi ,410 Eritrea ,391 Gabon ,380 Djibouti ,356 Tajikistan ,226 Azerbaijan ,222 Costa Rica ,221 Cameroon ,200 South Africa ,196 Cambodia ,192 Benin ,096 Kazakhstan Bangladesh Serbia (& Montenegro) Somalia Congo Senegal Other countries (73) , , ,020 1,042 1,423 10,576 Grand 28,735 37,588 31,028 28,400 49,928 67,304 84,591 73,093 62,383 71, ,460 2 The figures in this table and the following table are based on UNHCR resettlement statistics and do not include refugees resettled through non- UNHCR programs.
15 Table 15: Refugees resettled by country of origin, Country of origin Burma 679 1,905 2,984 5,768 20,255 23,211 24,781 19,519 17,994 17, ,469 Iraq 1, ,767 17,727 21,907 16,548 13,721 13,740 90,684 Bhutan ,139 17,428 14,809 17,405 16,674 74,470 Somalia 3,779 9,651 5,863 5,330 5,941 3,481 5,499 5,638 5,475 6,962 57,619 Afghanistan 3,570 2,814 3,268 2,013 2,263 1,633 1,533 1,400 3,099 2,701 24,294 Sudan 5,780 5,643 3,279 3,078 1, ,709 24,028 Dem. Rep. of Congo 735 1,337 1,357 2,017 2,516 1,889 2,336 4,489 2,246 3,353 22,275 Iran 2,683 2,203 1,232 1,596 1,688 1,341 1,696 1,283 3,234 2,063 19,019 Liberia 3,032 6,778 4,868 1, ,484 Eritrea , ,450 3,407 3,749 2,454 16,886 Ethiopia 3,284 2,352 1,635 1,206 1,271 1, ,212 2,064 1,300 16,295 Burundi ,110 1,571 6,273 3, ,541 Colombia ,517 Palestine , ,389 Rwanda ,550 Cuba , ,198 Uzbekistan ,899 Sierra Leone ,529 Vietnam ,483 Pakistan ,466 Sri Lanka ,169 Togo ,136 Russian Federation ,075 China Serbia and Kosovo Laos Croatia Central African Rep Indonesia Mauritania Syria Nepal Ukraine Uganda Congo Thailand Cambodia Moldova Bosnia & Herzegovina Côte d'ivoire Nigeria Chad Angola North Korea Azerbaijan Egypt Malaysia Kenya Zimbabwe India Other countries (62) ,415 Stateless Various / Unknown ,761 TOTAL 28,619 37,479 30,347 28,203 49,684 67,067 84,238 73,010 79,783 71, ,840
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