اإلنصاف من أجل اإلندماج

Transcription

1 Integration for Equity or اإلنصاف من أجل اإلندماج Exploring new approaches to refugee resettlement in regional Finland Tiina Ahonen, Csilla Veszteg, Janet Carter Anand, WP5, PROMEQ PROMEQ Conference, Helsinki, Finland, 18 th September, 2017

2 Content Scoping needs of people granted asylum, Eastern Finland Dimensions of Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) Survey Tool Profile of Respondents QOL Results and Comparison Psychological Well-being Physical Health Social Relationships Environment Messages Strategies for Integration: Short Video on Social Marketing Pilots

3 QOL of people granted asylum in Eastern Finland Focus on adult new citizens in Eastern Finland, living in the region 2014 onwards, with a positive asylum decision or with refugee background. Vaarama et al 1998; Skevington et al 2014; WHOQOL-Bref

4 Surveying QOL (WHOQOL-BREF) PROMEQ common tool (self reported) translated into Arabic, Farsi-Dari, Sorani (Kurdish), English and Finnish Survey data collected May to June 2017 in mass or group events, advertised to local refugee communities, with gift voucher offered to participants. Peer researchers helped facilitate events. Ten events, Kuopio n= 96, Joensuu n= 50 and Mikkeli n= 41 (N= 187) 4

5 Survey Questions & Limitations Background information Arrival in Finland and language skills Housing, living conditions and work Health, quality of life, participation and capability Social relations Discrimination and trauma Use of social care and health care services and health promotion Lifestyles Limitations: convenience sample, self reporting, cultural sensitivity, person centered

6 Respondents Profile (N=187) GENDER AGE GROUPS Male 56% Female 44% Years 37% Years 38% Years 25% MARITAL STATUS Married 59% Single 32% Widowed 3% Separated/Divorced 4% Cohabiting with Partner 0.5% LEVEL OF EDUCATION Not Studied 7% Elementary School 25% Middle School 20% High School 20% Vocational School 4% College Level Degree 8% Lower Academic Degree 12% Higher Academic Degree 3%

7 Respondents Profile (N=187)

8 Respondents Profile (N=187)

9 Respondents Profile (N=187) NATIVE LANGUAGE CITIZENSHIP Arabic 75% Farsi Dari 14% Sorani 2% Syria 54% Iraq 24% Afghanistan 14% Iran 5% Other 3% ARRIVAL YEAR TO FINLAND % % % % RESIDENCE PERMIT GRANTED AS Quota Refugee 60% Asylum Seeker 33% Spouse of other person with immigrant background 2% Spouse of native Finn 0.5% Other 3%

10 Respondents Profile (N=187)

11 Respondents Profile (N=187)

12 Comparing Dimensions of Quality of Life: Finns and people granted asylum (Vaarama, Siljander, Luoma & Meriläinen 2010) Male PHYSICAL mean (ref. value) (79) PSYCHOLO- GICAL mean (ref. value) (75) SOCIAL mean (ref. value) (78) ENVIRON- MENTAL mean (ref. value) (77) QoL mean (ref. value) (4) HEALTH mean (ref. value) (4) Female 68 (76) 62 (74) 70 (80) 59 (76) 3 (4) 4 (4) Total 69 (77) 64 (74) 68 (79) 60 (77) 3 (4) 4 (4)

13 Comparing Dimensions of Quality of Life: Finns and people granted asylum (Vaarama, Siljander, Luoma & Meriläinen 2010)

14 Physical health Mobility: Almost half (49 %) reported limited or no physical exercise Work capacity and employment: A third (34 %) reported they are to some extent or fully unable to work. Sleep and rest: Nearly half (49 %) reported difficulties falling or staying asleep, 46 % experienced disturbing dreams and 39 % reported sleeping 6 hours or less in 24 hours. Problems of physical health may reflect difficulties in other (psychological, social) areas.

15 Psychological well-being Trauma: Almost a third (27 %) experienced torture, 29 % have had direct combat/war experience, 64 % have witnessed violence. Nearly half (46 %) experience disturbing thoughts or memories. Memory and concentration: 41 % of the respondents reported difficulties concentrating. Self-esteem: 27 % reported feeling useless, 42 % reported feeling that there was not much to be proud of, 52 % inclined to feel a failure Pre-migration experiences may impact on long term psychological wellbeing.

16 Social relations Social support: 35% reported feelings of loneliness all the time or fairly often. Personal relationships: 44% reported difficulty or great difficulty getting acquainted with Finnish people. Personal relationships: 96% of respondents reported they wish to have more Finnish acquaintances. Developing social acquaintances with local people appears difficult and feelings of social isolation common.

17 Environment Financial resources: 61% respondents reported it difficult covering costs within total income of the household, over half (52%) reported that in the last 12 months, they have been in situation where there was no money for food. Health and social care: 30% reported that in the past 12 months treatment received for illnesses have not been sufficient. 31% reported that they have not received enough social services in the last 12 months. Freedom, physical safety and security: Every fifth respondent (22%) reported avoiding some places because of their foreign background, 26% reported that has been called names or verbally insulted and 35% experienced that is not treated as well as other people. Poverty, access to health and social care and feelings of insecurity, mistrust and discrimination may impede social integration.

18 Integration for Equity To report the findings back to immigrant communities for interpretation Potential contribution in social capital for regional Finland i.e. youth, young couples, health, resilience, entrepreneurship, cultural diversity New citizens face multiple challenges (i.e. psychological, physical, social and environmental well-being) to achieve equity with Finns. Current gaps in the well-being of new citizens may effect opportunities for social integration, inclusion and cohesion Highlighted the importance of strategies that widen opportunities for social integration in regional Finland

19 Building Equity (Social Marketing Pilots) Women's Language Group Kompassi Multicultural Centre Puijola Settlement & City of Kuopio MAMUEF Education Group University of Eastern Finland Employability Skills Groups Northern Carelian Social Security Association Kuopio Encounters ANTI Contemporary Art Festival 19

20 Thank you to all those involved in the study! لجميع شكرا في المشاركين الدراسة! جانيت uef.fi

21 References Vaarama, M., Siljander, E., Luoma, M. L., & Meriläinen, S. (2010). Suomalaisten kokema elämänlaatu nuoruudesta vanhuuteen. Teoksessa Vaarama, Marja & Moisio, Pasi & Karvonen, Sakari (toim.): Suomalaisten hyvinvointi, Ahonen, T., Anand, J. C., and Veszteg, C., (2017). Populism and second language acquisition amongst Middle Eastern Women in Eastern Finland, Social Dialogue, 17(5) (forthcoming) 21