THE IRON CURTAIN BETWEEN HUNGARY AND ROMANIA Documents ont he Hungarian-Romanian Relations

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1 THE IRON CURTAIN BETWEEN HUNGARY AND ROMANIA Documents ont he Hungarian-Romanian Relations Edited and introduced by Mihály Fülöp and Gábor Vincze CONTENT FOREWORD... 5 INTRODUCTION Stalin s divide et impera policy in Eastern Europe From the Romanian Kingdom to the Romanian people democracy The confiscation of Hungarian properties in Romania The liquiation of Hungarian education and cultural autonomy The forced secularization and the persecution of historical churches The last congress of Hungarian People Union and the resolution on nationalities of Romanian Worker party Nobody can walk over our border! The Hungarian Passeport Office in Cluj-Kolozsvár The trial of Hungarian revisionists and transylvanians The Hungarian Autonomous Region and the auto-dissolution of the Hungarian People Union Comrade Rákosi alluded to the cession of certain territories DOCUMENTS 1. Report of Gedeon-Fáy-Halász, secretary of the Hungarian Embassy ont he forced abdiation of the Romanian King, Michael, and the proclamation of the Romanian People Republic, Bucarest, 9 January István Gyöngyössy s, Ministerial Counsellor, reports to Erik Molnár, Minister for Foreign Affairs on the situation of Hungarian financial institutions and corporations, Bucarest, 10 and 19 January István Gyöngyössy s, Ministerial Counsellor, report to Erik Molnár, Minister for Foreign Affairs on the radical reform sin Romania, Bucarest, 2 february István Gyöngyössy s, Ministerial Counsellor, report to Erik Molnár, Minister for Foreign Affairs on his meetings with Petru Groza, Romanian Prime Minister, 17 February The positions of the Hungarian and Romanian Ministeries of Foreign Affairs on the propaganda of resettlement of Ceangăi (Csángó) from Moldavia, Budapest, 9 March 1948, and Bucarest, 27 March István Gyöngyössy s, Ministerial Counsellor, report to Erik Molnár, Minister for Foreign Affairs on the nationalization of religious institutions, Bucarest, 18 March

2 7. Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, report to Erik Molnár, Minister of Foreign Affairs ont he presentation of his credentials to Petru Groza, Romanian Prime Minister, Bucarest, 12 April Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, report to Erik Molnár, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the situation of Hungarian Churches in, Bucarest, 29 May Dezső Iklódi s, Ministerial Counsellor, report report to Erik Molnár, Minister of Foreign Affairs ont he nationalizations in Romania, Bucarest, 12 June Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, report to Erik Molnár, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the repercussions of the resolution of KOMINTERN in Romania, Bucarest, 9 july Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, report to Erik Molnár, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the denunciation of the Concordatum (the treaty Between Romania and the Papal State) Bucarest 22 July Convention ont he Caisse d Administration pour les Biens Enemis (CASBI) between Hungary and Romania, Bucarest, 21 September Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, report to László Rajk, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the law on Public Education, Bucarest, 4 October Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, report to László Rajk, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the administritave measures against the Hungarian Higher Education in Romania, Bucarest, 2 November Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, report to László Rajk, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the decree on religions, Bucarest, 26 November Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, report to László Rajk, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the last Congress of the Hungarian People Union in Kolozsvár-Cluj Bucarest, 18 December Note by Péter Vas-Zoltán, secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to Andor Berei, Secretary of State, on the unresolved issues in the Hungarian-Romanian relations Budapest, 23 December Letter of Mátyás Rákosi, Secretary General of the Hungarian Worker s Party to Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, Secretary General of the Romanian Worker s Party Budapest, 6 January Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, report to László Rajk, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the the nationalization of Hungarian financial institutions and corporations, Bucarest, 9 January Secret convention on the propriety rights of crossborder lands, Bucarest, 10 February Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, report to László Rajk, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the execution of the CASBI convention, Bucarest, 14 February Record of the secret negotiotiations between the Hungarian and Romanian Worker s Parties leaderships, Bucarest, 19 February Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, report to László Rajk, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute of Tîrgu-Mureş-Marosvásárhely Bucarest, 7 April

3 24. Report of Jenő Széll on the execution of the CASBI convention and the comentary of Dezső Iklódi, Bucarest, 21 April Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to László Rajk, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the on the Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute of Tîrgu-Mureş-Marosvásárhely Bucarest, 7 April Petition of crossborder landowners of Battonya, Hungary, to the Commander in Chief of the Hungarian Border Guards on the freedom of circulation, Battonya, 14 May Áron Márton s, Roman Catholic Bishop in Alba Iulia, sermon at saint s day in Simleu (Csíksomlyó) Csíksomlyó, 4 June Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to László Rajk, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the Szekler (Székely) National Museum in Sf. Gheorghe (Sepsiszentgyörgy) Bucarest, 8 June Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the illegal crossings of the border and the protection of the interests of the Hungarian citizens Bucarest, 8 June Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the cultural festivities in Szeklerland, and the situation of Roman Catholic Church in Transylvania, Bucarest, 24 June Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the education and cultural affairs, Bucarest, 30 September Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the arrests in Kolozsvár-Cluj, Bucarest, 12,16 November, 10 December Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the election of Edgár Balogh, as a deputy in the cultural commission of the National Assembly Bucarest, 12 January Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the policy of the state auhorities toward the Churches in Romania Bucarest, 28 January Jenő Széll s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the debates in the Hungarian People Union and the struggle of the Romanian state against the Roman Catholic Church Bucarest, 2 February Iván Kálló s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the meeting with Ana Pauker, Romanian Foreign Minister Bucarest, 16 February Iván Kálló s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the meeting with Vasile Luca, Minister of Finances Bucarest, 8 March Iván Kálló s, Hungarian Envoy, report on the nationalization of real estates Bucarest, 13 May Miklós Bakcsi s, Hungarian People Union and Jenő Varga s, Ministry of Education, reports on the Hungarian schools int he Bacău county Bucarest, 7 August Iván Kálló s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the territorial administrative system Bucarest, 11 September

4 41. Iván Kálló s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on his visit int he Partium Bucarest, 21 September Reports of the Ministry of Finances on the liquidation of the Hungarian financial institutions Budapest, 25 October, 13 November Iván Kálló s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on his meeting with László Bányai, the member of the Romanian governement delegation Bucarest, 18 December Iván Kálló s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the local elections Bucarest, 13 January Iván Kálló s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on his meeting with the leaders of the Hungarian People Union Bucarest, 19 February Iván Kálló s, Hungarian Envoy, reports to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the meeting with Vasile Luca and János Vincze Bucarest, 5 May Ferenc Szabó s Hungarian People Union, report on the situation of rayon Kézd Bucarest, 17 May János Fekete s, Head of Department of the Ministry of Finances, letter to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the liquidation of the Hungarian Banks in Romania Budapest, 18 June Jenő Baczoni s, Deputy Head of Department of the Ministry of Finances, letter to Gyula Kállai, Minister of Foreign Affairs on the liquidation of the Hungarian Banks in Romania Budapest, 26 July János Orbán s report the schools of Ceangăi (Csángó) in the 1951/1952 Academic year in Bacău Bacău, 24 September Mihály Ráduly s, school teacher letter on the schools of Ceangăi (Csángó) in Bacău Lészped, 11 December Egon Forgács s, Ministerial Counsellor, Chargé d Affaires, report to Károly Kiss, Minister of Foreign Affairs on his meeting with the leaders of the Hungarian People Union Bucarest, 29 February László Pataki s, Hungarian Minister report ont he trial of Vasile Luca Bucarest, 4 June László Pataki s, Hungarian Minister report on his meeting with András Sütő Bucarest, 25 June János Wasmer s, Head of the Hungarian Office of Passeports, report on the extraordinary session of the People Council in Cluj-Kolozsvár Cluj-Kolozsvár, 21 July László Pataki s, Hungarian Minister report on the establishment of the Hungarian Autonomous Region Bucarest, 1 August János Wasmer s, Head of the Hungarian Office of Passeports, report to the Political Department of the Hungarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the establishment of the Hungarian Autonomous Region Cluj-Kolozsvár, 4 August Note of the Hungarian Ministry of Finances on the propriety rights, interests of Hungarian persons and corporations Budapest, 19 August

5 59. Notes, preliminary studies and statistics of the Hungarian Ministry of Finances to the preparation of Hungarian-Romanian financial negotiations Budapest, 3,12 November Hungarian diplomats reports on the arrest of Transylvanian Hungarians in Cluj-Kolozsvár Cluj/Kolozsvár-Bucarest, 24 September, 14 October János Wasmer s, Head of the Hungarian Office of Passeports, report to the Political Department of the Hungarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs on his visit to the clinic of Tîrgu-Mureş-Marosvásárhely Cluj-Kolozsvár, 17 December Nándor Orosz s, International Department of the Hungarian Workers party, report on the elections int he Hungarian Autonomous Region Budapest, 6 January Secret party session on the dissolution of the Hungarian People Union Bucarest, 19 February Hungarian diplomatic reports on the dissolution of the Hungarian People Union Bucarest, 17, 26 March László Pataki s, Hungarian Minister report on the difficulties to repatriate the Hungarian citizens from Romania Bucarest, 21 March János Wasmer s, Head of the Hungarian Office of Passeports, report on the Institute of Arts Szentgyörgyi István Cluj-Kolozsvár, 5 May György Kalmár, Chargé d Affaires, report on his meeting with Árpád Páll, journalist Bucarest, 2 July Convention on the final settlement of economic and financial issues between the Hungarian People Republic and the Romanian People Republic Bucarest, 7 July Short-hand record on the party committee meeting of the Hungarian Autonomous Region Tîrgu-Mureş-Marosvásárhely, 9 January Hungarian diplomatic reports ont he trila of the Transylvanian Hungarian Communists trial Cluj-Kolozsvár, Bucarest, 9 February, 25 March The return to Hungary of Professor Dezső Miskolczy and Professor Vince Vendég from Tîrgu-Mureş-Marosvásárhely Budapest, 16 April 1954, Bucarest, 12 August 1954, Tîrgu-Mureş-Marosvásárhely, 25 November Note of János Boldoczki, Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs on the the Hungarian Office of Passeports, Cluj-Kolozsvár Budapest, 26 June László Pataki s, Hungarian Ambassador report on his meeting with György Kisbenke, Hungarian writer László Pataki s, Hungarian Ambassador report ont he incidents after the Hungarian- Romanian soccer match and the anti-hungarian feelings of the Romanian public Bucarest, 25 September Valter Roman s report on his conversation with Mátyás Rákosi Budapest, 10 October János Wasmer s, Head of the Hungarian Office of Passeports, report ont he emmission of visas Cluj-Kolozsvár, 18 December János Wasmer s, Head of the Hungarian Office of Passeports, report ont he liquidation of the system of rationnement of basic aliments Cluj-Kolozsvár, 10 January

6 78. Report of the Romanian party delegation on the visit of Emil Bodnăraş, Minister of Defence, in Budapest. Bucarest, 6 april Record of the session of Politbüro of the Romanian Worker Party on the release of political prisonners. Bucarest, 25 May Short-hand report of János Fazekas, György Kovács and Péter Mataisz on Petru Groza and Áron Márton. Bucarest, 8 June INDEX SUMMARY CONTENT ANNEXES Maps Photos