Tabletop Exercise Situation Manual (TTX SitMan)

ASEAN REGIONAL FORUM ARF DISASTER RELIEF EXERCISE 2013 Tabletop Exercise Situation Manual (TTX SitMan) 07 11 May, 2013 Petchaburi, THAILAND For Exercise Use Only

Disaster Relief Exercise 2013 (ARF DiREx2013) is co-organized by the government of Kingdom of Thailand and the Republic of Korea. The ARF DiREx2013 (TTX SitMan) provides exercise participants with all the necessary information for their roles in the exercise. This SitMan was developed with the inputs, advice and assistance of the members of the ARF DiREx2013 TTX planning team. Preface ii Table Top Exercise Working Group

CONTENTS Introduction...1 Background... 1 Scope... 2 Core Capabilities/Issues... 2 Exercise Objectives... 2 Participants... 3 Exercise Structure and Methodology... 3 TTX Exercise Guidelines... 4 Assumptions and Artificialities... 4 Move 1: Domestic Initial Response and Incident Notification...5 Key Issues... 6 Questions... 6 Move 2: International Initial Response and Relief Operation...1 Key Issues... 1 Questions... 1 Move 3: Early Recovery and Demobilization...3 Key Issues... 3 Questions... 3 Contents iii Table Top Exercise Working Group

INTRODUCTION Background The First Meeting of (ARF), which was held in Bangkok on 25 July 1994, proclaimed the intention of ASEAN Heads of State and Government to intensify ASEAN s external dialogues in political and security matters as means of building cooperative ties with states in the Asia-Pacific region. In that meeting, it was agreed that, as a high-level consultative forum, the ARF had enabled the countries in the Asia-Pacific region to foster the habit of constructive dialogue and consultation on political and security issues of common interest and concern. In this respect, the ARF would be in a position to make significant contributions to efforts towards confidence-building and preventive diplomacy in the Asia- Pacific region. ARF also convenes Inter-sessional Meetings (ISMs) on various cooperative activities, and one of them is ISM on Disaster Relief. The output from the 7 th Inter-Sessional Meeting (ISM), which took place from 9 to 12 October 2007 in Helsinki, Finland, stated that joint exercises on disaster relief will be undertaken by ARF members. The 18 th in 2012 supported the initiative made by Thailand and ROK to co-host and convenes the ARF Disaster Relief Exercise (ARF DiREx) 2013. ARF DiREx 2013 ARF DiREx 2013 will consist of Field Training Exercise and Table Top Exercise and all activities will take place from 7 to 10 of May 2013 in Petchaburi Province, Thailand. Preparatory activities have been undertaken for the development of ARF DiREx 2013 Table Top Exercise, including the following activities: a) Bilateral Thailand ROK meetings b) Initial Planning Conference (IPC) and Site Survey on Disaster Relief Exercise (ARF DiREx) in Jan 2013 in Bangkok, Thailand. c) Final Planning Conference (FPC) and Site Survey ARF DiREx on 1-3 April 2013 in Petchaburi Province, Thailand. The purpose of this exercise is to provide participants with an opportunity to review and discuss disaster response plans and capabilities in an affected country by both national authorities and external multi-lateral organizations such as the ARF and the international humanitarian community. The exercise will focus on national and on-site emergency command and control and coordination, critical decisions, notifications, and the coordination and integration of regional and international humanitarian supports. Introduction 1 Table Top Exercise Working Group

Scope The 2013 ARF DiREx TTX is practical and realistic, aiming to address the diverse strategic issues of multi-national disaster relief operations and coordination. The TTX s basis references include, but not limited to, relevant regulations and coordination mechanisms within ARF members countries. The TTX is a discussion-based exercise, using the move approach to reflect flow of time and situation changes and development. Core Capabilities and Issues The capabilities and issues listed below have been selected by the ARF DiREx2013 TTX Working Group from the priority capabilities identified during the ARF DiREx2013 Planning Conferences. These capabilities provide the foundation for development of the exercise objectives and scenario, as the purpose of this exercise is to measure and validate performance of these capabilities and their associated critical tasks. Initial Response Communication Coordination Mechanism Civil-Military Coordination Public Information and Warning Exercise Objectives The Tabletop Exercise provides space for a discussion at the strategic level with the following objectives: 1. To identify effective disaster relief coordination mechanisms among ARF members 2. To identify potential issues in civil-military coordination at strategic level (decision making process, facilitation of incoming assistance, command and control structures, etc.) among ARF participants in the context of disaster relief 3. To identify the role of regional organizations such as ASEAN, ARF and international organizations such as the United Nations in civil-military coordination mechanism 4. To test, and provide inputs to affected-state s mechanism and existing documents for accepting international assistance, as well as relevant ARF documents such as the ARF General Guidelines for Disaster Relief, and ARF Strategic Guidance for Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief Introduction 2 Table Top Exercise Working Group

Participants Facilitators provide situation updates and moderate discussions. They also provide additional information or resolve questions as required. Key planning committee members may also assist with facilitation as subject matter experts (SMEs) during the TTX. Players respond to the situation presented based on expert knowledge of response procedures, current plans and procedures, and insights derived from training. Potential players of TTX include but are not limited to: Civil defense and military officers representing ARF member countries, Embassy and consular staff, and selected international organizations and non-governmental organizations responsible for HADR at the operational and strategic level. Observers support the group in developing responses to the situation during the discussion; however, they are not participants in the moderated discussion period. Exercise Structure and Methodology Using the scenario of an 8.9 Richter scale earthquake in the west coast of Northern Sumatra, the epicenter was located at Lat. 3.3 North, Lon. 95.9 East at a depth of 17 Km. The earthquake of this size has the potential to generate a widespread destructive Tsunami along the Andaman coast of Thailand. This scenario was developed solely to provide the context for discussion of the actual issues when a multi-national humanitarian operation occurs following the large scale natural disasters. On this note, the scenario should not become the main focus of the TTX discussion. The TTX includes three components, namely Expert Session on Framework and Response Exercise After Action Review (AAR) The Expert Session will be convened prior to the Exercise with the purpose to provide relevant information to all participants on the frameworks and mechanisms of disaster management of the affected nation, Thailand, as well as on mechanisms to facilitate and coordinate external disaster relief supports from other ARF countries, international and regional organizations. Throughout the Exercise, framing questions will be raised to generate discussion and sharing of opinions. Some questions may be directed to specific participants but other comments will also be welcome. On certain issues, facilitators may encourage further discussion to generate better understanding on the matter and issue. Meanwhile, it is important that participants are familiar with existing references materials. Introduction 3 Table Top Exercise Working Group

The TTX exercise addresses /comprises of three moves; Move 1 National Initial Response and Incident Notification Move 2 External (Regional and International) Response and Relief Operations Move 3 Recovery and Demobilization The TTX Exercise will utilize one plenary for move 1 and thematic group discussion for Move 2 and Move 3. At the beginning of each move, a scenario update will be provided. Upon exercise completion, The AAR Session will be convened by the AAR team in the areas including but not limited to TTX results vis-à-vis Objectives Major Issues identified during the TTX Recommendations from the TTX TTX Exercise Guidelines TTX is an open, low-stress, no-fault environment. Varying viewpoints, even disagreements, are expected. Respond based on your knowledge of current plans and capabilities (i.e., you may use only existing assets) and insights derived from training. Decisions are not precedent setting and may not reflect your organization s final position on a given issue. This is an opportunity to discuss and present multiple options and possible solutions. Issue identification is not as valuable as suggestions and recommended actions that could improve response and preparedness efforts. Problem-solving efforts should be the focus. Assumptions and Artificialities In any exercise a number of assumptions and artificialities may be necessary to complete play in the time allotted. During this exercise, the following apply: The scenario is plausible, and events occur as they are presented. There is no hidden agenda, nor any trick questions. All players receive information at the same time. Introduction 4 Table Top Exercise Working Group

MOVE 1: DOMESTIC INITIAL RESPONSE AND INCIDENT NOTIFICATION May 7, 2013, 0330 Hours An earthquake of magnitude 8.2 has been detected off the west coast of Northern Sumatra. The epicenter was located at Lat. 3.3 North, Lon. 95.9 East at a depth of 17 Km. The earthquake of this size has the potential to generate a widespread destructive Tsunami. IOTWC has confirmed and revised that the earthquake was of 8.9 magnitude RS. The Indian Ocean Tsunami Watch is in effect for Indonesia / India / Thailand / Australia / Sri Lanka/ Myanmar /Maldives / Malaysia / Bangladesh / Mauritius/ Singapore. May 7, 2013, 0340 Hours IOTWC s 3 rd bulletin stated that sea level reading had confirmed the Tsunami threat and recommended all government in the region to take urgent action to protect lives and properties. May 7, 2013, 0350 Hours Thai National Disaster Warning Center (NDWC.) issued an evacuation order and activated Tsunami Warning Towers at the six Andaman Coastal Provinces. (Ranong, Pangna, Krabi, Phuket,Trang and Satul) The Tsunami hit Indonesia / India / Thailand / Australia / Sri Lanka/ Myanmar /Maldives / Malaysia / Bangladesh / Mauritius/ Singapore. May 7, 2013, 0400 Hours First wave hits Phuket Island, May 7, 2013, 0405 Hours KohPhra Thong at 0405Z May 7, 2013, 0432 Hours KohTarutao at 0432Z with wave height up to 7-8 meters in some areas. Second and third waves are expected to hit the area within 25-30 minutes. More waveshave not yet been confirmed. May 7, 2013, 0500 Hours In Thailand, the Tsunami hit the six Andaman Coastal Provinces.(Ranong, Pangna, Krabi, Phuket,Trang and Satul). All 6 Provinces reported that more than 1,800,000 people were evacuated to the evacuation center, but more than 20,000 people reported missing and most of them were foreign tourists. NDWC announces that all significant waves have passed. All beaches and coast line are now safe for rescuer but not yet for civilians. Local authorities start damage assessment. Provincial Move 1: Domestic Response/Notification 5 Table Top Exercise Working Group

Search and Rescue Operation and other emergency response are activated. Local military starts coordinating their rescue operation with the Governor. Key Issues Report of disaster impact on human lives: o 2,500 persons are dead; o 12,000 injured, 2,000 of severe cases o 1,500 industrial areas arecontaminated by hazmat; o 100,000 people are still in the high risk area. o 6,000 persons reported as missing o 50,000 homeless persons have to live in temporary shelters with 48 hours of food and drink supply. o 500 persons are predicted to be trapped under the collapsed buildings Report of disaster impact on infrastructure, housing. o 3,000 houses are completely destroyed and 8,000 partially damaged. o Public Hospital is still operated and 3 local hospitals are completely damaged. o 190 school buildings collapsed, approx. 70% of students still inside the structure. o 700 fishing and tourist boats are reported missing and several hundreds of people waiting to be rescued at sea. o All roads within 500 meters from shore were seriously damaged. o Telecommunication systems are overwhelmed and all line communication is completely unusable. o Clean Water system will be down for at least 72 hours. o No electricity power within 2 kms from shore line. There were large numbers of foreigners caught up in the affected area and need assistance. Questions Based on the information provided, participate in the discussion concerning the issues raised in Move 1. Identify any additional requirements, critical issues, decisions, and/or questions that should be addressed at this time. The following questions are provided as suggested general subjects that you may wish to address as the discussion progresses. Core Question: What is the national coordination structure including procedures for requesting and accepting international assistance? Move 1: Domestic Response/Notification 6 Table Top Exercise Working Group

MOVE 2: INTERNATIONAL INITIAL RESPONSE AND RELIEF OP ERATION May 10, 2013, 0900 Hours Royal Thai Government declares national emergency of level four (highest level). Prime minister becomes National Incident commander and calls for disaster cabinet meeting to organize response operation. No international humanitarian assistance consideration at this point. There are rumors among residents in SuratThani Province that Ratchaprapa Dam has been also damaged by the aftershock and starts leaking. It could collapse any time. About 25,000 people start evacuating from area under the dam and request local authorities to set up temporary shelter for them. People in disaster affected areas, who had already requested assistance through all means of media, was showing some dissatisfaction due to insufficient delivery of relief items from the government. They were in need of consumption goods and medicine. They also urged the government to provide basic infrastructure for them such as shelters, additional sources for electrical power. It was also reported that as a result of untimely provision of relief goods of the government, disaster victims in many affected areas started to rob the grocery shops, fighting for food and drinking water. The Royal Thai Government welcomes international humanitarian assistance through existing national, regional and international humanitarian assistance mechanisms Foreign media reported Thailand disaster situation, which covered a number of casualties from different foreign countries. These foreign casualties had not yet received assistance from their respective Consulate Offices. Key Issues The incident has been declared level 4 disaster and Thailand is open for receiving international assistance. Emergency services and evacuation centers are being overwhelmed by the number of victims requiring treatment and relocation. The public and the media (local and international) are confused and panic. They concerned about their safety. Questions Based on the information provided, participate in the discussion concerning the issues raised in Move 2. Identify any additional requirements, critical issues, decisions, and/or questions that should be addressed at this time. Move 2: International Initial Response 7 Table Top Exercise Working Group

Core Questions Group 1: National Framework Does the affected nation anticipate any international assistance? If so, what issues regarding the receiving, acceptance, tracking, management, and integration of incoming international assistance resources need to be considered? What are the procedures of offering assistance to the affected country? Group 2: Regional and International Framework What are the mechanisms being used and your challenges in integrating the incoming assistance into the affected nation procedure? (to ask the three targeted audience) Group 3: Foreign Citizen Assistance How information is disseminated and shared with Foreign Embassies; and then passed to affected foreign nationals? How do Foreign Embassies determine focal points and mechanisms for coordination between host government and diplomatic missions? How can overseas missions and Emergency Response Teams engage with the on-site operations coordination centre (OSOCC)? Move 2: International Initial Response 7 Table Top Exercise Working Group

MOVE 3: EARLY RECOVERY AND DEMOBILIZATION May 30, 2013, 1000 Hours Government of Thailand announced that they can manage the situation and no longer required assistance from foreign/international assistance. Key Issues Demobilization of international assistance Accountability to the providing nations on the resources provided during the disaster Questions Based on the information provided, participate in the discussion concerning the issues raised in Module 3. Identify any additional requirements, critical issues, decisions, and/or questions that should be addressed at this time. Core Questions Group 1: National Framework What are the processes of demobilization of international assistance resources back to the host/providing organizations? After accepting international assistance, does the affected nation has the resource tracking and utilization system to fulfill reporting requirements of the assisting nations? What are the reporting requirements of the assisting nations? Group 2: Regional and International Framework What are the mechanisms being used and your challenges has in integrating those into the affected nation procedure? (to ask the three targeted audience) Group 3: Foreign Citizen Assistance How are offers of assistance determined and put forward to the host government? What are the protocols/arrangements around the repatriation of foreign nationals affected? Move 2: International Initial Response 7 Table Top Exercise Working Group