Chapter 28: World War II Section 2: World War II (1939-1945) By Dallin F. Hardy
The German Conquest of Europe Blitzkrieg Lightning War Tanks Supported by Airpower
Soviet Puppet Republics By 1940 Estonia Latvia Lithuania
Winter War November 1939-March 1940 Soviet Union vs. Finland Results Finland Maintains its independence
Phony War October 1939 to March 1940
Germany Conquers Western Europe 1940 April May Denmark Norway Belgium Netherlands Luxemburg
Maginot Line
Invasion of France June 1940
Dunkirk Evacuation of troops
Fall of France French Generals Did not understand Use of Tanks Airplanes
Vichy-France Unconquered portion of France
The Battle of Britain Winston Churchill Prime Minister of Britain 1940-1945
Battle of Britain July 1940-May 1941 German air attack
Luftwaffe German Air force
Bombing of London 1940-1941
Royal Air Force British air force
Hawker Hurricane Fighter
We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this Island or a large part of it were subjugated and starving, then our Empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British Fleet, would carry on the struggle, until, in God's good time, the New World, with all its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old.
We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this Island or a large part of it were subjugated and starving, then our Empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British Fleet, would carry on the struggle, until, in God's good time, the New World, with all its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old. Winston Churchill
Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few. Winston Churchill
Let us therefore brace ourselves to our duties, and so bear ourselves that, if the British Empire and its Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will still say, "This was their finest hour." Winston Churchill
Let us therefore brace ourselves to our duties, and so bear ourselves that, if the British Empire and its Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will still say, "This was their finest hour." Winston Churchill
Results British victory Britain Survived Germany Abandoned Plans of a British invasion
The United States in the Face of World War America First Committee Opposed America s entry into WWII Non-interventionism
There is a policy based on the belief that the security of a nation lies in the strength and character of its own people. It recommends the maintenance of armed forces sufficient to defend this hemisphere from attack by any combination of foreign powers. This is the policy of the America First Committee today. It is a policy not of isolation, but of independence; not of defeat, but of courage. Charles A. Lindbergh
Franklin D. Roosevelt President of United States At beginning of WWII
I have said this before, but I shall say it again and again and again: Your boys are not going to be sent into any foreign wars. Franklin D. Roosevelt 1940
I address this letter to every man and woman in America who is opposed to our country s entry into the European war. I write because we are being led toward that war with everincreasing rapidity and by every conceivable subterfuge. While our leaders have shouted for peace, they have constantly directed us toward war, until even now we are seriously involved. Charles A. Lindbergh
Tyler Kent
United States Support Supplied Military Traded Munitions Intelligence Warships for military bases Established Convoys
Selective Service Act
American Naval Orders Shoot German submarines
Atlantic Charter August 1941 Plan established by Roosevelt Churchill Established goals for the postwar world
Axis Europe Albania Controlled by Italy Greece Finland Romania
The German Attack on Russia Invasion of Russia 1941
Diversion of German Forces To help with Italian setbacks North Africa Greece
Operation Barbarossa June 1941
Eastern Front 1941-1945 Germany vs. Soviet Union
WWII in 1941 Death struggle between Two totalitarian powers Nazi Fascism Soviet Communism
The two should be given every opportunity to destroy one another, while the rest of the world more or less sat on the sidelines. Walter Winchell, (paraphrase)
Battle of Moscow 1941
Russian Winter Devastated Germany army
Hitler s Plans for Europe German Reichs First Reich 9 th century Charlemagne Second Reich 19 th century Bismarck Third Reich 20 th century Hitler
Reeducation & Purge Those who dissented from German absorption
Japan and the United States Enter the War Pro-British America U.S. assistance to Britain Justification for Declaration of war By Germany
Japanese Imperialism Conquest Manchuria 1931 Indochina 1941
U.S. Action Toward Japan Froze Japanese assets Cut off supplies of Oil
The question was how we should maneuver them [the Japanese] into the position of firing the first shot. Henry Stimson Secretary of War
Bombing of Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 Japanese surprise attack
Results Japanese Victory United States enters WWII
Declarations of War December 8, 1941 By United States Britain Focus Turned to Germany
Did FDR know about the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor?
Thinking Prompt: What if the U.S. fought a purely defensive war after Pearl Harbor?
The Tide Turns Japan Seized Guam Wake Island Philippines
German Submarines Threatened British supplies
Battle of Midway June 4-7, 1942 Turning point Pacific theater
Bernard Montgomery British Field Marshal
General Erwin Rommel
Battle of El Alamein October 1942 British Stopped Erwin Rommel
Allied Powers 20 Nations
Invasion of Sicily July & August 1943 By Allies
Overthrow of Mussolini By Coup
German Occupation of Italy
Soft Underbelly of Europe Italy According to Winston Churchill
Allied Invasion of Italy September 1943
Liberation of Rome June 4, 1944
Montgomery Western Task Force Center Task Force Eastern Task Force Clark 515 th Army Grp Alexander 1 th Abn Div 1 7 8 Patton 15 th Army Grp Alexander Montgomery
Battle of Stalingrad 1941-1943 Germany vs. Soviet Union Turning point of Invasion of Russia Soviet Union Lost more men in this battle than American losses in all of WWII
Allied Industry By 1943 Gained in Production Logistics
Allied Bombing of Europe
Bombing of Dresden 1945 Killed 100,000 Civilians Allied War crime
Dresden 1890
The Defeat of Nazi Germany Atlantic Wall German fortifications
D-Day June 6, 1944 Allied invasion of Continental Europe Dwight D. Eisenhower Commander of Allied Armies Beaches of Normandy
8 21 th Army Grp Montgomery 1 2 15 th Army Grp Alexander Clark 8 Montgomery 5 15 15 th Army Grp Alexander
8 21 th Army Grp Montgomery 21 th 1 Army Grp 2 Montgomery 2 1 12 9 th Army Grp Bradley 3 12 th Army Grp Bradley 6 th Army Grp Devers 9 1 7 8 5 15 th Army Grp Alexander Clark 15
Battle of the Bulge December 16, 1944 Last major German offensive
Battle of Berlin 1945 Germany vs. Soviet Union
8 21 th Army Grp Montgomery 12 th Army Grp Bradley 6 th Army Grp Devers 1 2 1 9 1 1 3 7 5 8 15 th Army Grp Clark 15
Death of Adolf Hitler April 30, 1945
Germany Surrenders May 7, 1945 Fall of Third Reich After 12 Years
Campaign in the Pacific
Island hopping United States Strategy to defeat Japanese
Kamikaze
Question of Invasion? Japan
The Manhattan Project 1942-1946
J. Robert Oppenheimer Oversaw the Manhattan Project
Trinity Test July 16, 1945
Fat Man & Little Boy
Potsdam Declaration July 1945
Enola Gay August 6, 1945 Dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima
Bombing of Nagasaki August 9, 1945
Surrender of Japan August 14, 1945
WWII 1939-1945 6 Years 15-20 Million Civilian 15-20 Million Military deaths
Results of WWII U.S.S.R Won Became a world power U.S. Helped remove U.S.S.R. s enemy Germany Communism is saved ½ of Europe falls to Communism Made the world safe for Communism