WS/FCS Unit Planning Organizer Subject(s) Social Studies Conceptual Lenses Grade/Course 6 th Grade Social Structure Unit of Study Unit 8 Government Unit Title Early Americas Cultural Expression Pacing 15 days Unit Overview This unit focuses on the Early American civilizations of the Mayas, Aztecs and Incas. Students will gain an overview of life in these civilizations- how they were similar and how they were different. Geography of Central and South America: Physical features and climate zones How geography influenced the civilizations Mayan Civilization: Civilization develops from a group of city-states- government & economy Culture of the Mayan- social structure, religion, achievements Decline of Mayan Empire- factors that influenced the decline Aztec Civilization: City built on Lake Texcoco conquers neighboring city-states for resources- develops into civilization with central government & trade based economy Culture of the Aztecs- social structure, religion, achievements Decline of the Aztec Empire- tribute states from throughout the empire join with Spanish to overthrow Aztec emperor Incan Civilization: Rise of the civilization- began in Cuzco and developed a central government and command economy Culture of the Incas- social structure, religion, achievements Decline of the Incan Empire- interaction with the Spanish brings an end to the empire Comparison of Civilizations: Investigate similarities and differences found in the three civilizations
Unit Enduring ing(s) The culture of a civilization often reflects the values and beliefs of the people. The availability of resources and the success of trade impact a civilization s economy. Government structure is often influenced by the culture of a civilization. Unit Essential Question(s) How did the culture of the Early American civilizations reflect their values and beliefs? How do the availability of resources and the success of trade impact a civilization s economy? How were the governments of the Early American civilizations influenced by their culture? Essential State Standards Priority Objectives 6.H.2.1 Explain how invasions, conquests, and migrations affected various civilizations, societies, 6.E.1.1 Explain how conflict, compromise, and negotiation over the availability of resources impacted the economic various 6.E.1.2 Explain how quality of life is impacted by economic choices of 6.C&G.1.1 Explain the origins and structures of various governmental systems. 6.C&G.1.2 Summarize the ideas that shaped political thought in various civilizations, societies, 6.C.1.1 Analyze how cultural expressions reflected the values of Supporting Objectives 6.H.2.3 Explain how innovation and/or technology transformed civilizations, societies and regions over time. 6.G.1.1 Explain how the physical features and human characteristics of a place influenced the 6.G.1.2 Explain the factors that influenced the movement of people, goods, and ideas and the effects of that movement on societies and regions over time. 6.G.1.3 Compare distinguishing characteristics of various world regions. 6.G.1.4 Explain how and why civilizations, societies and regions have used, modified and adapted to their environments. 6.C.1.3 Summarize systems of social structure within various civilizations and societies over time.
Unpacked Concepts (students need to know) 6.H.2.1 how invasions, conquests, and migrations affected various, Unpacked Skills (students need to be able to do) 6.H.2.1 Explain how invasions, conquests, and migrations affected various civilizations COGNITION (RBT Level) 6.H.2.1 6.E.1.1 how conflict, compromise, and negotiation over the availability of resources impacted the economic various civilizations, societies 6.E.1.2 how quality of life is impacted by economic choices of 6.C&G.1.1 the origins and structures of various governmental systems. 6.C&G.1.2 the ideas that shaped political thought in various, 6.C.1.1 how cultural expressions reflected the values of civilizations, societies 6.C.1.3 systems of social structure within various civilizations and societies over time. 6.E.1.1 Explain how conflict, compromise, and negotiation over the availability of resources impacted economic development. 6.E.1.2 Explain how quality of life is impacted by economic choices 6.C&G.1.1 Explain the origins and structures of various governmental systems. 6.C&G.1.2 Summarize the ideas that shaped political thought 6.C.1.1 Analyze how cultural expressions reflected the values of 6.C.1.3 Summarize systems of social structure within various civilizations and societies over time. 6E.1.1 6.E.1.2 6.C&G.1.1 6.C&G.1.2 6.C.1.1 Analyze 6.C.1.3
Essential Vocabulary Ceremony/ceremonial Sacrifice Rebellion Drought Network Tribute Specialization Hereditary Appoint Distribute/redistribute Command economy bartering Enrichment Vocabulary Astronomy Mobility Chivalry Descendants Excess Infrastructure suspension Enrichment Factual Content Unit Chunking & Enduring ings Suggested Lesson Essential Questions Potential Factual Content North Carolina Essential Standards Geography of Central and South America How did the geography of Central and South America influence the civilization? Central America-isthmus Maya- Yucatan Peninsula, rainforest, swamps, Aztec- MesoAmerica, Lake Texcoco Inca- Andes Mountains, Lake Titicaca 6.G.1.1 Explain how the physical features and human characteristics of a place influenced the Maya How did the Mayan civilization begin and what was its political and economic structure? Availability of resources led to trade between villages in the Yucatan Peninsula Trade led to wealth, sharing of resources and exchange of ideas Group of city-states- each with its own king, who claimed to be descended from the sun god Center of each city-state was a ceremonial center consisting of temples, 6.E.1.1 Explain how conflict, compromise, and negotiation over the availability of resources impacted the economic various civilizations, societies 6.C&G.1.1 Explain the origins and structures of various governmental
What were the main cultural characteristics of the Mayan society? What caused the decline of the Mayan civilization? palaces for rulers/nobles, ball courts & markets Small villages surrounded the ceremonial center and made up the city-state Kings expected the people to serve him Royal women married into royal families of other citystates. Increased trade & formed alliances Social Structure- Levels & role of each group o Ruler & family o Nobles & priests o Craftsmen, merchants, traders o Farmers, hunters o Slaves Religiono Polytheistic o Temple structure for human sacrificesgames where losers were sacrificed, POWs also sacrificed Achievementso Architecture o Astronomy o Calendar o Paper o Mathematics o Temples Several theorieso Over-farming created a drop in food production o Attack from enemies o Fighting among citystates o Rebellion of peasants that overthrew king and priests o Drought systems. 6.C&G.1.2 Summarize the ideas that shaped political thought in various, 6.H.2.1 Explain how invasions, conquests, and migrations affected various, 6.H.2.3 Explain how innovation and/or technology transformed and regions over time. 6.C.1.1 Analyze how cultural expressions reflected the values of 6.C.1.3 Summarize systems of social structure within various civilizations and societies over time. 6.H.2.1 Explain how invasions, conquests, and migrations affected various, 6.G.1.2 Explain the factors that influenced the movement of people, goods, and ideas and the effects of that movement on
societies and regions over time. Aztec How did the Aztec civilization develop and what was its political and economic structure? Developed on island in Lake Texcoco- legend of the eagle & cactus, floating gardens, Tenochtitlan Aztecs conquered neighboring city-states to gain control of resources Political structure: o Empire ruled by emperor, who was believed to have descended from the gods o Council of priests, nobles & warriors named emperor from ruling familyimportance placed on ability in warfare and to lead troops o City-states were ruled by local leaders who answered to the Emperor o City-states paid tributes to the Emperor Economics: o Agricultural in origin o Development of specialization of labor o Trade grows as artisans & craftsmen sell their goods o Wealth from trade and tributes paid by conquered peoples supported the empire 6.G.1.1 Explain how the physical features and human characteristics of a place influenced the 6.E.1.1 Explain how conflict, compromise, and negotiation over the availability of resources impacted the economic various civilizations, societies 6.E.1.2 Explain how quality of life is impacted by economic choices of civilizations, societies 6.C&G.1.1 Explain the origins and structures of various governmental systems. 6.C&G.1.2 Summarize the ideas that shaped political thought in various, What were the main cultural characteristics of the Aztec society? Social Structure- Levels & role of each group o Emperor (incarnation of sun god) o Nobles- Nobility (appointed, not 6.H.2.3 Explain how innovation and/or technology transformed and regions over time.
What caused the decline of the Aztec empire? hereditary), Warriors & priests o Commoners- Craftsmen, merchants, traders, farmers o Unskilled workers- Farm laborers o Slaves o Upward mobility for commoners was possible based on superior serviceespecially in war Religiono Polytheistic o Temples o Human sacrifices believed necessary to prevent gods from destroying the worldincreased the importance of war, as victims captured in war were sacrificed Achievementso Chinampas o Architecture o Jewelry o writing o Calendar o Arrows & use of poison Tribute states joined forces with Spanish explorers, led by Cortes, to overthrow the Aztec emperor, Role of smallpox in weakening the empire Technology in warfare gives Spanish upper hand 6.G.1.4 Explain how and why civilizations, societies and regions have used, modified and adapted to their environments. 6.C.1.1 Analyze how cultural expressions reflected the values of 6.C.1.3 Summarize systems of social structure within various civilizations and societies over time. 6.H.2.1 Explain how invasions, conquests, and migrations affected various, 6.H.2.3 Explain how innovation and/or technology transformed and regions over time.
Inca How did the Incan civilization develop and what was its economic and political structure? Began in Cuzco, high in the Andes Mountains Pachacuti expanded the Empire Political structure: o Emperor was considered descendant of the sun god o Land was divided into 4 provinces o Strong central government need to maintain large empire. o Tributes were paid in the form of labor tax o Lands were conquered & immediately divided & redistributed- some went to the Emperor, some to the people, and some to the sun god o Captured peoples were required to learn and use Quechua- the official language o Local leaders were appointed by emperor o Children of local leaders were educated in Cuzco & then returned to their villages Economics: o All people grew & created what they needed- all excess was collected by the government & stored for people or soldiers in case of disaster/need o Storehouses were located along the highways 6.H.2.1 Explain how invasions, conquests, and migrations affected various, 6.E.1.1 Explain how conflict, compromise, and negotiation over the availability of resources impacted the economic various civilizations, societies 6.E.1.2 Explain how quality of life is impacted by economic choices of civilizations, societies 6.C&G.1.1 Explain the origins and structures of various governmental systems. 6.C&G.1.2 Summarize the ideas that shaped political thought in various,
What were the main cultural characteristics of the Incan society? o Everyone worked for the government as well as for their own family s needs o Labor tax- everyone worked for the government for several weeks each year o No trade because the government collected and redistributed everything o Command economyno money, no creditonly small amounts of local bartering Social Structure- Levels & role of each group o Emperor (incarnation of sun god) o Head Priest & Head of army o Regional army leaders o Temple priests, local army leaders & skilled workers o Farmers, herders, soldiers o Slaves- not as widely practiced as in other civilizations Religiono Polytheistic o Mummification o Sacrifices- llamas, cloth, food, occasionally people Achievementso Roads o Temples o Suspension bridges o Quipu o Jewelry o Calendar o Terrace farming o Medicine o Domestication/use of llamas 6.H.2.3 Explain how innovation and/or technology transformed and regions over time. 6.G.1.4 Explain how and why civilizations, societies and regions have used, modified and adapted to their environments. 6.C.1.1 Analyze how cultural expressions reflected the values of 6.C.1.3 Summarize systems of social structure within various civilizations and societies over time.
What caused the decline of the Incan civilization? What similarities and differences existed between the Mayan, Aztec, and Incan societies? Spanish explorers came to conquer lands Interaction between Atahualpa & Pizzaro Incan swords were no match for Spanish guns Have students compare and contrast all three civilizations 6.H.2.1 Explain how invasions, conquests, and migrations affected various, 6.H.2.3 Explain how innovation and/or technology transformed and regions over time. 6.G.1.3 Compare distinguishing characteristics of various world regions. Sub Concepts HISTORY Conflict Change GEOGRAPHY Human-environment interaction Resources CIVICS & GOVERNMENT Power Rights & Responsibilities ECONOMICS Trade Standard of Living CULTURE Values & Beliefs Technology Language Objective EXAMPLES Key Vocabulary Learning Objectives o SWBAT explain the terms ceremony, sacrifice, tribute, and distribute. Language Functions Learning Objectives o SWBAT explain how the arrival of the Spanish explorers affected the American civilizations. Language Skills Learning Objectives o SWBAT read a passage on the achievements of the Incas and summarize the information. (Reading passages should be chosen/modified in accordance with the LEP students zone of proximal development). Grammar & Language Learning Objectives o SWBAT use words of order (first, second, etc ) to describe the social structure of the Mayan civilization. Lesson Tasks Learning Objectives o SWBAT explain the economic and political structure of the Aztec empire. Language Learning Strategy Learning Objectives o SWBAT create a Venn Diagram that illustrates the similarities and differences between the Mayas, Incas and Aztecs. (The linguistic load will vary from LEP student to LEP student. Level 1-2 LEP students may need a word bank or other supplement to complete this activity using this strategy).