Global Studies Unit 5 Cultures / Immigration Name Civics the study of what it means to be a a legally recognized member of the country You are a citizen of both the Government the organization, institutions, and individuals who exercise on behalf of a group of people Ones rights and responsibilities are determined by the government in place in that country American Ideals US Government and way of life is based on ideals of protect the rights and freedoms of citizens One must do their part to protect the heritage of Freedoms of US citizens other countries? Freedom to public education, college Freedom to choose a job or career must respect the rights of others Own Choose own Travel and live anywhere in the US First Amendment / you have a personal responsibility to be an active participant in a democracy Qualities of a good citizen Behaving in a Being responsible Accepting responsibility for the of one s actions Practicing Becoming and staying on public issues Taking action on Providing a public service Serving on Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship Right Responsibility Voting Serving on Juries Having Rights the Rights of Others Government by the people through the officials they elect Elected officials are to those who elected them Can be voted out or Our American Culture How it was formed Early Americans Native Americans came from
12,000-40,000 year ago Moved across North, Central, South America ( ) Vikings North America 1400 AD No settlements Raid and pillage Present day Florida, Texas, California Early colonists Great Britain Germans PA Dutch Hudson River Swedes Delaware River French NY, Mass. Africans not immigrants Immigration Immigrant people who come to a country to settle as a permanent resident known as in the new country they settle known as in the country they leave behind Effects of Immigration on our Society Music, clothes, foods, ideas, art, literature ( ) Example Their art, music, literature reflects their struggles for independence and rights, their heritage, and their culture Today many items are in Due to increased from Mexico and other Latin American nations Immigrants lived in communities with other immigrants ( neighborhoods / ghettos) Felt more comfortable language / customs Made in more difficult to become -- Assimilation Creation of tenements Today in big cities First-generation immigrants had the most problems Many words have entered into the mainstream System Early problems with social and language differences Used the Educational system to Americanize First to learn English language and customs Immigrants brought new educational practices Ex Germans
Political Affiliations Religion Immigrants became indebted to local political bosses He got them jobs, housing, loans In exchange they voted for who he told them to Early immigrants and today There are Americans from Amendment After 1800 most immigrants tended to be Catholic and Jewish Though of as inferior and could never be pare of American society Anti-Semitism - Labor Practices Most worked in unskilled jobs for Took jobs from many native Led to Today illegal aliens take jobs Often remained in from homeland Brought their skills with them Ex Germans ways of making beer Why Immigrants came Population growth Political/religious freedom Good farmland / jobs in cities ( ) Educational Opportunities To in government I to escape the Irish Potato Famine (1846-1847) Germans greater economic opportunities Southern and Eastern Europe Came when RR and steamboat hope for a better life Why emigrants leave an area Reasons Govt taking over factories/business, no jobs, no money Health concerns Starvation, sickness, Racial concerns, discrimination, violence Environmental Issues Health care / famine (Ireland) Where Immigrants worked Factories RR Clothing and cigar
Hauling goods Farming frontier (some) Immigrants Usually stayed in the Cheaper / more convenient More jobs to unskilled workers Initially From Europe (Ireland, France, Britain) Later From Slavic countries, Italy thought to be communists, socialists, anarchists Led to Nativism to immigrants US Immigration Timeline Early 1800s needed ag. workers / factory workers Economy expanded and country grew 1880s Some placed of immigration Worked for lower wages -- Nativism 1920s Immigration Acts of 1921, 1924, 1929 Govt establish on immigrants from S and E Europe Red Scare / Nativism Set numbers based on ethnic composition Policy today... Set quota 675,000/year Preference given today Kids and spouses of citizens Resident aliens Problem illegal aliens still nativists beliefs? A of foreigners Stemmed from Red Scare, Industrialization, Immigration Red Scare what led to it?? After WWI adjusting to peace Nativism Soldiers looking for jobs Fearful of a Communist Revolution similar to Russia (1917) Rise of Party in US Rise of Immigration from S / E Europe Radicals arrested for attempted overthrows 1919-1920: 1000s people that do not believe in government
Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzettie (ITL) accused of robbery and murder in Mass. were atheists (no belief in God)/Anarchists Limited evidence bust still convicted and! - because immigrants and Nativism One example of immigrants having their rights taken away arrested without just cause, jailed, no lawyer, no speedy trial Another effect of Immigration Revival of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) Opposed Afraid of growing power of these groups 1920s claimed 5 million members Worked by and fear Burning crosses, hate letters, lyching, pressured employees to fire The spreading of ideas, products, technologies, and practices from one culture to another Caused by different cultures coming into Ex (lasagna, enchiladas, stir fry, sauerkraut) Cultural practices unique ways that different groups of people do things Process where a minority group becomes adapts customs and attitudes of the prevailing culture Melting Pot vs. Salad Bowl symbol or something that represents something else Melting Pot vs. Salad Bowl? American merged their identities with their neighbors to become something new and different Immigrants assimilate into the Different cultures are together in the American society, but they retain their own identities Melting Pot Each ingredient (culture) loses its identity to form a new product (American Culture) The American culture is (similar) Salad Bowl Each ingredient (culture) retains its own identity, but combines into a new appetizing dish (American Culture) The American culture is (diverse) Extended Response (4 pts) Compare the melting pot and salad bowl metaphors for the American culture. Evaluate each metaphor and describe which you think best describes our society today.
Portfolio Assignment Critical Thinking Create your own original metaphor for the American culture. Explain the reasoning in a paragraph. Create a poster advertising your metaphor. The World as a Due to fast paced cultural diffusion Advances in communications and transportation See what happens instantaneously TV, Internet, Telephone, Faxes Effects of technological advances on the world today 1. creation of a single world economy and culture Business no longer contained by boundaries Growing of the world economically, culturally, and politically Examples Olympics, products from all over the world Globalization Negative Effects Growing gap between the (US jobs overseas) Threat to national cultures Environmental Threats Positive Effects Raised (especially medical care) Economic growth 2. Cooperation and conflict many nations need to cooperate in Conflicts from nations effect the entire globe Ex September 11 th 3. Environment Air quality and water Invasive species Emerald ash bore, zebra mollusk 4. Nations rely on each other for security Join together to enforce mutually accepted rule Alliances and peace organizations develop is the major goal Examples NATO / United Nations 5. Popular Culture Becomes more homogeneous (similar) Because of Examples McDonalds, movies, TV shows, clothes
English worlds universal 6. Political Systems Spreading of Globalization of Politics Decisions made by groups not countries EU NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement 7. Helped spread religions around the world US has about every religion Originally Christianity spread, now Citizenship Born in a US state or territory(even if your parents are citizens of another country) One or both parents are citizens of the US are you are born out of the country Citizenship Aliens in the US ~ 20 million People who are living in the US All aliens are not illegal (illegal aliens do not fill out the proper paperwork and register every year) Illegal aliens ~ 10 million? About half from Mexico Aliens are subject to the laws of this country If violated = deportation Aliens cannot vote or hold public office Some states prohibit from Legal process by which a resident alien may become a citizen Qualifications Resident for. (3 if married to US citizen) 18 yrs old Must prove they can support themselves Read, write, speak -(Interview) Citizenship Test Background Check (drug addiction/criminal) Oath of Allegiance -- Where do people live in the US? Census Count of US residents done Main Purpose Determine each population House of Representatives
Electoral Votes = US Population Growth Summary 1790 (1 st census) 4 million Projection 2010 300 million Three ways a county can grow birthrate higher than the death rate Adding a new territory war, purchase, annexation US 1820-2000 (60 million immigrants) US Population Growth Summary How the US grew 1790-1830 (13 million) High birthrate (natural increase) 1830-1920 (106 million) 1920-2000 (280 million) Natural increase US Population on the move 1790 census had most US citizens living in rural ( ) areas Since. Moving from rural areas to urban areas Reasons for Urbanization NOT a decrease in the need for agricultural products New farming technologies (steel plow / mechanical reaper / barbed wire / irrigation) Modernization of agriculture farming more efficient ( ) Industrialization A shift from farming to manufacturing Started in Britain in the mid 1800s then came to the US US Population on the move overcrowding in the cities and the invention of the automobile led to the creation of Suburbs areas on the outskirts of major cities (greener and more rural-like) 4/5 of the current population live in Cities and their suburbs of Urbanization Rapid increase of population in cities Overcrowding Dangerous working conditions (heavy machinery children / immigrants / women) Goods available at a Air, water, noise, light pollution Low incomes poor living conditions
Low life expectancy Transportation issues Movement of large numbers of people from region to region Why do people migrate (two categories) push people out of an old location Famine, religious persecution, political conflict attractions that draw people to a new location Religious freedom, economic opportunities, cultural ties Factors that cause people to migrate Social Factors Religious or Examples Pilgrims Tutsis fled Rwanda from the Hutu ethnic Political Factors Attracted to place where they can practice political ideas Examples Cold War East Ger fled to West Ger to avoid Communism Cubans coming to US to Afghanistan people fled after the US attacked Tailiban Economic Factors People try to escape poverty / Examples Immigration to US in 1800s WWII Turks working in Germany (Military) Slavery Migrant workers in SW US (Mexicans) Jobs building the Transcontinental RR (Chinese) Environmental Factors People leave after Floods, droughts, crop failures, earthquakes, hurricanes Examples 1840s Irish Potato Famine (to US) 2000s Sahel, Africa - people leaving because of drought Today New Orleans people leaving because of hurricane Examples of Migration from History Hunter and Gatherers (12,000 yrs ago) Came from Asia Land bridge / ocean going craft Became what we know as Followed food supply
Groups would leave large group (overpopulation) Factor?? Bantu Speakers in Africa (1000 BC 4 th Century) Migrated from West Africa to searched for better land expanding population Factor?? Spanish Colonies Southern North America, Caribbean, Central and South America Wealth, lands Culture blended with Few women migrated Spanish men married native women Mestizo mix of Spanish and North America Push factors - Religious persecution, lack of economic opportunity Pull factors religious freedom and Examples Pilgrims / Quakers / 13 colonies 1500s 1800s (11 million) Forced Migration Industrial Revolution (late 19 th Cent) Pull factor for international migration to US After WWII from Europe Asia (1947) Jewish survivors of the Refugees fleeing newly formed communist govts in E Europe Former British colony split into India Hindu / Pakistan Islam migration of African-Americans from the rural South to the urban North Because of WWI jobs Early 20 th century Led to the flowering of African-American artistic talent in NY contributed to recognition of AA culture Latin America Africa Civil Wars Europe Population Growth / Job Shortage
Today in the US NE and MW to SE and W Because of jobs and climate / Technology large population Ariz / Col / Nev / Tex fastest growing Conn / N. Dak / RI decrease Las Vegas 6 of the 10 largest cities (Sun Belt) LA / SD / Dallas / Houston / SA / Phoenix Changing Families Size of households People having fewer children or living alone More households More families have both parents working 60% of married women work People living longer 1920 54 / today 77 ( )