The Great Depression and New Deal Chapter 9.1 and 9.2

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1 US#History#and#Geography######## 2015#Houston#High#School################################################################################################## Interactive#Curriculum#Framework# The Great Depression and New Deal Chapter 9.1 and 9.2 TN STATE STANDARDS US.45 Analyze the causes of the Great Depression, including the following: (E, H) the economic cycle driven by overextension of credit overproduction in agriculture and manufacturing laissez faire politics buying on margin excess consumerism rising unemployment the crash of the stock market High tariffs US.47 Write a narrative piece that includes multiple media components to describe the toll of the Great Depression on the American people, including massive unemployment, migration, and Hoovervilles. (C, E, H, G) US.48 Analyze the causes and consequences of the Dust Bowl of the 1930 s. (C, E, H, G) Many factors, with perhaps credit being the largest one, led to the false economic height of the 1920s, effectively creating a fragile economic bubble, and once the bubble broke the Great Depression of the 1930s began. Relevance: The economic depression of the 1930s was direct effect of the economic height of the 1920s, and was rooted in a series of complex issues. The most visible symbol that the Great Depression had begun was the stock market crash on October 29, 1929, but the true causes of the Great Depression occurred almost a decade earlier. There was a distinct difference in the urban and rural experience of the Great Depression. Most urban or industrialized areas didn t experience the depression until after the stock market crash, but many practices such as buying stocks on margin, expansion of credit and consumerism all led to the economic collapse. While many farmers felt the effects of the economic depression as early as the close of WWI due to an overproduction of crops during the war effort, and to make matters worse farmers of the Midwest experienced another crisis known as the Dust Bowl. When the economic depression did hit the cities many lost their jobs causing families to lose their homes and move into shantytowns. Many of these shantytowns were renamed Hoovervilles as a sign of disrespect to the then sitting president. TNSS: US. 45, US. 48, US. 47 What were the long and short term causes of the Great Depression? How did the Great Depression impact American citizens? How was experience of a farmer in the Great Depression different from that of others in the country? What were the causes and effects of the Dust Bowl on Midwest farmers? Cause and Effect of The Great Depression In this activity, students will work (group or solitary assignment) to complete the graphic organizer explaining how the causes listed led to the Great Depression, and on the other side students will explain how the Great Depression affected the specific groups of Americans. Woody Guthrie and Grapes of Wrath In this lesson, students will analyze the music of Woody Guthrie and excerpts of John Steinbeck s The Grapes of Wrath to enhance understanding of the historical conditions during the Great Depression, while also gaining understanding of artist drawing inspiration on their current condition. This lesson asks to read the entire novel, but a link to specific excerpts have been provided, as well as a link to works American Gothic Art, which also came from this era. 1 of 7

2 The Economics of the Dust Bowl In this lesson, students will explore the history of the settlement in the Great plains and analyze farm practices that turned grasslands and wilderness into cropland. They then look at supply-demand-price charts, matching their rise and fall to major events, and examine the impact on farmers and the US economy. 1. Cause and Effect of The Great Depression Woody Guthrie and Grapes of Wrath The Economics of the Dust Bowl This resource has several lesson plans as well as the lesson described above. General Resources for Everyday Use Online Jeopardy This resource allows teachers to create subject specific games of jeopardy, which could be played in class or students can

3 The Great Depression and New Deal Chapter 9.3 TN STATE STANDARDS US.46 Describe the steps taken by President Hoover to combat the economic depression, including his philosophy of rugged individualism, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, and the response to the Bonus Army. (E, P) Herbert Hoover, a staunch proponent for Laissez Faire economics and Franklin D. Roosevelt, who was the first president to use federal money to spur the economy, had very different views on how to manage and bring and end to the Great Depression. Relevance: The political differences between Hoover and Roosevelt begin to shape the political policies of Republicans and Democrats today. Many felt as though Hoover, who stuck to his ideals of rugged individualism and followed the laissez faire economic policy, did not do enough to help turn the country around. While FDR was the first president in the history of the United States to use federal funds in order to create jobs under his New Deal programs many feared that his spending was growing the federal government and perhaps leading to Socialism in the US. TNSS: US. 46, US. 50 U.S. 52 How did Hoover respond to the economic depression, and why was he resented for it? Hoover s Response In this activity, students will complete a graphic organizer outlining Hoover s response to the economic crisis, explain each of the measures taken, and then explain why these measures were considered ineffective by the general American public. 1. Hoover s Response General Resources for Everyday Use Online Jeopardy This resource allows teachers to create subject specific games of jeopardy, which could be played in class or students can 3 of 7

4 TN STATE STANDARDS The Great Depression and New Deal Chapter 10.1 and 10.2 US.49 Identify and explain the following New Deal programs and assess their past or present impact: (E, H, P, TN) Works Progress Administration Social Security Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Securities and Exchange Commission Fair Labor Standards Act Agricultural Adjustment Acts Civilian Conservation Corps National Recovery Administration and NIRA Tennessee Valley Authority Cumberland Homesteads Great Smoky Mountains National Park US.51 Citing evidence from maps, photographs and primary source documents, analyze the development of TVA on Tennessee s rural geography economy, and culture, and debate the issues of the Norris Dam and Dale Hollow Lake controversies. (C, E, G, P, TN) US.53 Evaluate multiple sources of information presented in diverse formats and media as in the political cartoons about the New Deal. (P) Many of FDR s New Deal policies of the 1930s continued to shape the history of the nation well after their creation. Relevance: FDR s New Deal programs were revolutionary for their era, but many have also stood the test of time and continue to shape politics and political discussion today. Social Security is a hot button topic in every presidential debate, while the creation of the TVA completely transformed the Tennessee Valley area by creating consistent and controllable hydroelectricity, while also preventing floods to Appalachia. This made the area an ideal location for the Manhattan Project during WWII because not only was it isolated, but also it could be controlled based on the needs of the scientists while working to create the world first atomic bomb. TNSS: US.49, US. 51, US. 53 What were the short and long-term effects of the New Deal for America and Americans? How did FDR s New Deal affect Tennessee? TVA in Photographs This activity allows students to put together all of the puzzle pieces (photographs) and come up with the big picture understanding the Tennessee Valley Authority. Social Security In this lesson, students will address the question, Was Social Security revolutionary or a program designed to appease Americans who wanted more profound change? as they analyze historical documents by two historians. Topics discussed include the role of government in social welfare, taxes, business interests, and race. 1. TVA in Photographs 2. Social Security 3. Great Depression Lesson plans This resource provides six lesson plans focusing on the Great Depression Cumberland Homestead (Informational Resource) 5. The Great Smokey Mountains National Park (Informational Resource) 6. Norris Dam (Informational Resource) 7. Roosevelt s court-packing plan (informational resource) 8. The Great Depression Interactive Timeline (informational resource) - web code nee-0801

5 General Resources for Everyday Use Online Jeopardy This resource allows teachers to create subject specific games of jeopardy, which could be played in class or students can 5 of 7

6 The Great Depression and New Deal Chapter 10.3 TN STATE STANDARDS US.46 Describe the steps taken by President Hoover to combat the economic depression, including his philosophy of rugged individualism, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, and the response to the Bonus Army. (E, P) US.50 Analyze the effects of and the controversies arising from New Deal economic policies, including charges of socialism and FDR s court packing attempt. (E, P) US.52 Cite textual evidence, determine the central meaning, and evaluate different points of view by examining excerpts from the following texts: Herbert Hoover ( Rugged Individualism ), Franklin Roosevelt ( First Inaugural Address ), and John Steinbeck (The Grapes of Wrath). (C, P) Herbert Hoover, a staunch proponent for Laissez Faire economics and Franklin D. Roosevelt, who was the first president to use federal money to spur the economy, had very different views on how to manage and bring and end to the Great Depression. Relevance: The political differences between Hoover and Roosevelt begin to shape the political policies of Republicans and Democrats today. Many felt as though Hoover, who stuck to his ideals of rugged individualism and followed the laissez faire economic policy, did not do enough to help turn the country around. While FDR was the first president in the history of the United States to use federal funds in order to create jobs under his New Deal programs many feared that his spending was growing the federal government and perhaps leading to Socialism in the US. TNSS: US. 46, US. 50 U.S. 52 How was Hoover s response to the Great Depression different from that of FDR? What were the complaints against Hoover? FDR? How were they different? Hoover vs. Roosevelt In this activity, students will compare and contrast Hoover and Roosevelt s reactions to the Great Depression using the Venn diagram provided below. 1. Hoover vs. Roosevelt General Resources for Everyday Use

7 Online Jeopardy This resource allows teachers to create subject specific games of jeopardy, which could be played in class or students can ASSESSMENT Lange s Iconic Photograph In this assessment, students will examine the photograph of the Migrant Mother, the source information, and background information in order to answer the questions provided. This resource also provides teachers will rubrics for each of the questions, and sample answers to each of the questions. The New Deal SAC In this structured academic controversy, students analyze the different types of evidence, takes sides, and attempt to reach consensus on whether or not the New Deal was a success. In order for students to debate this topic they must have and show a strong understanding of the Great Depression, and it is an excellent lead into WWII. Essay Do we need Social Security today? Y or N? Why? What effect would there be if we stopped it for anyone approaching retirement age? 7 of 7