#31½: Approaching The New Millennium

Transcription

1 #31½: Approaching The New Millennium 1. The Immigration Act of 1965 differed from the previous quota-based immigration system in that it A) allowed immigration based on the nation s existing ethnic patterns. B) gave amnesty to illegal immigrants who had lived in the United States for a long time. C) gave preference to Asian and Latin American immigrants. D) favored those with specialized job skills and education. 2. In the 1970s, most immigrants were from A) Europe and the Middle East. B) Asia and Latin America. C) Canada and Mexico. D) Latin America and Europe. 3. One example of the new political power of immigrants was the wage concessions granted to the United Farm Workers union and its largely Mexican membership under the leadership of A) Che Guevara. B) Carlos Cardenas. C) Hector Ruiz. D) César Chávez. 4. In response to the new waves of immigrants, in 1986 Congress A) realized that poverty in the immigrants homelands drove them to flee to the U.S. Congress greatly increased foreign aid and economic development to those countries. B) insisted that all new immigrants prove they were financially independent. C) offered amnesty to long-term illegal immigrants and penalized employers who hired illegal immigrants in the future. D) denied federal benefits to illegal immigrants and their children, even if their children were born in the U.S. and were citizens. 5. Dr. Benjamin Spock s Common Sense Guide to Baby and Child Care was extremely influential in the early lives of Boomers. According to Spock, women who held jobs outside the home A) were good role models for their children. B) were more likely to succumb to common medical crises. C) were guilty of neglecting their children. D) should be venerated by society. 6. Female characters in 1950s popular television were heavily influenced by A) working women, with Rosie the Riveter being the prototype. B) the emergence of feminism. C) the ideas of Harvard political scientist Samuel P. Huntington in Who Are We? D) the work of Dr. Spock and other psychologists who placed the utmost importance on women s nurturing sides.

2 7. Who described the problem that had no name in her 1963 book The Feminine Mystique? A) Nancy Pelosi B) Rachel Carson C) Nancy Landon Kassebaum D) Betty Friedan 8. The time has come for a new movement toward true equality for all women in America and toward a fully equal partnership of the sexes. This was part of the 1966 founding statement of the A) National Organization for Women. B) National Woman s party. C) National Federation of Republican Women. D) National Council of Women. 9. What was the constitutional basis for the Supreme Court s ruling in Roe v. Wade? A) right to life B) freedom of speech C) right to privacy D) prohibition against unreasonable searches 10. The right of privacy was established by the Supreme Court in A) Webster v. Reproductive Health Services. B) Roe v. Wade. C) Griswold v. Connecticut. D) Planned Parenthood Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey. 11. Under the decision in Roe v. Wade A) a baby in utero had a right to life starting at three months; prior to that the state could not prevent a woman from obtaining an abortion. B) a mother s right of privacy took precedence until the final three months of pregnancy when a fetus could likely survive without the mother. C) abortions without restriction were legalized. D) although a fetus did not have a right to life, its right to privacy began at six months. 12. In regards to the women s rights agenda, conservatives A) were successful in so severely limiting abortion that it became almost impossible to obtain. B) were never able to energize a base. C) got the majority of their support from the highly educated elite. D) were able to defeat the ERA with support from working-class women. 13. led a nationwide campaign against the ratification of the ERA. A) Jeannette Rankin B) Phyllis Schlafly C) Geraldine Ferraro D) Hillary Rodham Clinton

3 14. The 1970s recession and the strain it placed on women and families led to the demise of the A) Equal Rights Amendment. B) Displaced Homemaker Act. C) Equal Opportunity Commission. D) Carter Commission on Women's Rights and Opportunities. 15. Those states that did not ratify the ERA or ratified it and later rescinded their ratification tended to be located in the A) Northeast. B) West. C) South. D) Midwest. 16. What happened to the Equal Rights Amendment? A) It became the Twenty-eighth Amendment to the Constitution. B) It failed to gain any momentum and was passed by only three states. C) It provisionally became law and still awaits passage by a few states. D) It fell three states short of passage. 17. Which of the following was a seminal event in the gay and lesbian rights movement? A) the Stonewall riot B) disturbances at Haight-Ashbury C) the American Psychiatric Association s publication stating that homosexuality was a mental illness D) the Supreme Court s decision in Reed v. Reed 18. Which of the following statements about the AIDS epidemic in the late 1980s and early 1990s is FALSE? A) Fear of AIDS exacerbated the homophobia of many. B) Safe sex campaigns began to distribute condoms, even to many high schools. C) Ronald Reagan refused to recognize the AIDS epidemic as a public health crisis. D) The AIDS epidemic forced many to confront homosexuality for the first time. 19. In 2000, was the first state to recognize same-sex civil unions. A) Maine B) Vermont C) South Dakota D) California 20. What was the response of President George W. Bush to same-sex marriage? A) He was generally opposed, but steered away from the topic. B) He supported civil unions but not marriage of same-sex couples. C) He opposed it and even proposed a constitutional amendment to prohibit it. D) He generally supported it, but refused to assist the cause in any way. 21. What happened after Vermont legalized same-sex civil unions? A) Massachusetts passed a law that it would not recognize such unions. B) Within the next five years, six states passed similar laws. C) The Roman Catholic Church became a surprising ally to the cause. D) The tide of public opinion began to sway against same-sex marriage, with Millennials leading the way.

4 22. Fearing the nation s loss of its moral compass, conservative leaders during the 1970s and 1980s actively tried to implement the goals of the movement. A) law and order B) crime and punishment C) civil rights D) criminal justice 23. The Supreme Court s decision in Furman A) legalized capital punishment. B) found that juries needed more input in capital punishment decisions. C) found jury-imposed capital punishment racially biased and therefore unconstitutional. D) legalized capital punishment as long as juries had discretion. 24. After 1970, the American criminal justice system was characterized by A) a decrease in the average length of sentences served by prisoners. B) the elimination of the death penalty in almost all states. C) a dramatic increase in the prison population. D) the phasing out of mandatory sentencing. 25. Beginning in the late 1980s, violence in popular culture A) was almost entirely eliminated in movies and television because of voluntary censorship by producers and directors. B) was defended by both the National Rifle Association and the American Civil Liberties Union. C) became more intense and bloody in movies, television, and music. D) was ignored by politicians and religious leaders. 26. What happened to state laws that responded to the increasing violence in video games by prohibiting the sale or rental of such games to anyone under the age of eighteen? A) They were upheld by the Supreme Court, but not enforced well by the states. B) They were ruled an unconstitutional violation of the right of free speech. C) They were never implemented because of an effective lobbying effort put together by game makers. D) They were set aside because of the more stringent legislation and enforcement of a similar federal law. 27. The sadistic "Davy Crockett" tales of the 1830s, the scatological humor of Mad Magazine in the 1950s, and defiant lyrics in rap of the 1990s can all be seen as examples of the A) rise of secular humanism. B) growth of individualism and freedom. C) consequences of a super-masculine ideal in America. D) violation of social norms by adolescents. 28. Which of the following was NOT a reason for the postwar demographic change that resulted in the rise of the suburbs? A) the federal government s commitment to the creation of a highway system B) cheap home mortgages under the G.I. Bill of 1946 C) rejection of loans by the Federal Housing Authority in older residential areas D) inexpensive housing built especially for veterans on large tracts of land

5 29. By 1990, membership in churches and synagogues A) deeply declined from previous decades. B) experienced an increase from the previous four decades. C) remained steady, except for the Roman Catholic Church, which saw deep declines. D) remained steady, except for mainstream Protestant churches, which saw sharp increases. 30. In 1990, what percentage of Americans reported that they belonged to a church? A) 20 B) 33 C) 50 D) The failed real estate development that led to an investigation of Bill and Hillary Clinton for illegal financial dealings was called A) Brentwood. B) Walnut Grove. C) Blue Springs. D) Whitewater. 32. Bill Clinton's response in the 1992 presidential campaign to allegations about a long-term extramarital affair with Gennifer Flowers A) demonstrated his difficulty in connecting with average Americans. B) was so ineffective that he was almost forced to withdraw from the nominating process. C) was clear evidence of his ability to address the American people directly, but with very carefully chosen words. D) revealed his forthright integrity and strong moral character. 33. Clinton used his executive authority to strengthen the Supreme Court majority that opposed the Reagan-Bush position on A) abortion. B) the death penalty. C) federal financing of political campaigns. D) affirmative action. 34. In his first budget, President Clinton presented a controversial proposal to A) increase Social Security taxes by 10 percent over two years. B) reduce the federal deficit by raising taxes and reducing spending. C) follow the model of "Reaganomics" by cutting taxes sharply. D) cut the Pentagon's budget by 25 percent. 35. Clinton's most important initiative in his first term was a failed attempt to reform the A) welfare system. B) military budget. C) Social Security system. D) health insurance system.

6 36. Campaigning on a "Contract with America," Georgia Representative led the Republicans to victory in the congressional elections of A) Newt Gingrich B) Jeb Bush C) Bob Barr D) John McCain 37. Despite his extensive experience as Senate majority leader, Kansas Republican proved to be a poor campaigner as the Republican nominee for president in A) Dan Quayle B) Lamar Alexander C) George W. Bush D) Robert Dole 38. President Clinton's attempt to hide his sexual encounters with White House intern was a major factor in his impeachment and trial on charges of perjury and obstruction of justice. A) Linda Tripp B) Paula Jones C) Monica Lewinsky D) Gennifer Flowers 39. Although was originally appointed as a special prosecutor to investigate the Whitewater scandal, he provided the evidence for accusing Clinton of sexual impropriety, perjury, and obstruction of justice. A) Patrick Fitzgerald B) Robert Bork C) Lawrence Walsh D) Kenneth W. Starr 40. During the impeachment of President Clinton, A) the vote to impeach him in the House was overwhelmingly bipartisan. B) Chief Justice William Rehnquist threw out most of the charges against him. C) Democratic senators successfully argued that his sexual indiscretions did not meet the Constitution's standard of "high crimes and misdemeanors." D) Republican senators were not able to unite to convict him and remove him from office, even though they had enough votes to do so. 41. Clinton's economic policies helped his political survival because the American economy A) reduced its foreign trade deficit while increasing its exports. B) grew steadily while avoiding unemployment, inflation, and recession. C) concentrated on the emerging problems of global warming and the exhaustion of fossil fuels. D) turned away from the globalization represented by the World Trade Organization and the proposed North America Free Trade Agreement. 42. Despite considerable effort, President Clinton failed to negotiate peace between A) Russia and the Ukraine. B) Serbia and Bosnia. C) Israel and the Palestinians. D) Iran and Iraq.

7 43. The main issue in the 2000 presidential campaign was, A) "How deeply could the defense budget be cut with the end of the Cold War?" B) "How should the United States deal with the threat of terrorism?" C) "What should be done with enormous federal surpluses that were projected?" D) "How can the United States help to bring peace to the Middle East?" 44. Which of the following statements about the 2000 presidential election is most accurate? A) The fate of disputed punch-card ballots in Florida determined the winner. B) George W. Bush received a narrow majority of both popular and electoral votes. C) The Supreme Court decided the winner after the Electoral College deadlocked. D) Green party candidate Ralph Nader carried Massachusetts, Wisconsin, and Oregon. 45. The cartoon above suggests that A) the administration of President Clinton failed to adequately fund public education, leaving President Bush to deal with sagging academic standards. B) no positive correlation exists between academic achievement and resources provided for education. C) there exists a growing discrepancy between dollars provided for education and expectations of teachers within that underfunded education system. D) education resources provided by the federal government are being mishandled in many states. 46. Although the U.S. government had supplied them with money and weapons in the 1980s, became the first target of George W. Bush's "war on terror" because he believed they were protecting Osama bin Laden. A) Hezbollah in Lebanon B) the Taliban in Afghanistan C) the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine in Syria D) Hamas in Palestine

8 47. During the 2000 campaign, George W. Bush endorsed the Powell doctrine which held that American troops should A) only be used in cooperation with the United Nations. B) only be deployed when the military objective was absolutely clear, when they had an overwhelming military advantage, and when they could be disengaged safely. C) be used anywhere they could be of assistance in nation building. D) only be used in cooperation with NATO. 48. Analyzing the events leading up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, President Bush A) relied heavily upon information from United Nations inspectors. B) followed his father's example of patiently building a large coalition among the other major world powers to help share the burden of the war. C) refused to seek congressional support for war appropriations. D) ignored the advice of Secretary of State Colin Powell. 49. According to the text, what can we learn from history? A) the ability to predict the course of human events B) insight into underlying forces that generate historical change C) that the past is truly the past and the future is uncertain and unpredictable D) how to tell when and where a major conflict will arise 50. How are you feeling right now considering the fact that you re about to answer your very last Garraty worksheet question, perhaps forever in your life? A) very sad, but optimistic that my life can still be somehow productive; the sun will come up tamale B) happy as a pig in mud C) difficult to imagine life without waking up next to Garraty on the floor beside my bed; breaking up is always hard to do D) not nearly as happy as when Tubbs speaks his last word of his last sentence of his last lecture