4. Course Title: International Envronmental law. 7. Minimum prerequisites for taking this course, if any: no mandatory prerequisites,

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1 1. Department: Not Applicable 2. Faculty: Legal Studies 3. Course code: LW0 4. Course Title: International Envronmental law 5. Number of Credits: 4 credits 6. Course objectives: The overall objective of this course is providing a basic understanding of the main characteristics and developments of environmental law in an international perspective. By the end of the course, students should have knowledge of: International rule-making through multilateral environmental agreements, including compliance and enforcement The complexities surrounding environmental principles Core environmental issues and legal and institutional responses Analyse the SAARC Perspective. 7. Minimum prerequisites for taking this course, if any: no mandatory prerequisites, 8. Course structure with units if applicable: 12 units, arranged into 12 weeks of pedagogy and three weeks of assessment Week 1 Introduction to International Environmental Law The module proposes to cover topics like origin, history and development of international environmental law. Stockholm declaration of the United Nations conference on the human environment, 1972, World charter for nature, 1982, and Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, Johannesburg Declaration, Rio 2012, Sustainable Development goals will form the basis for discussion. 1.Daniel Bodansky, (2010)The Art and Craft of International Environmental Law, (Harvard University Press)Chapter 2. 2.Adil Najam Developing Countries and Global Environmental Governance: From Contestation to Participation to Engagement, (2005) 5, International Environmental Agreements Usha Natarajan, TWAIL and the Environment: The State of Nature, the Nature of the State, and the Arab Spring, (2012)14 Or. Rev. Int'l L. 177

2 Optional Reading 1.Philip Sands, (2011) Greening International law, (Earth scan Publications),Chapter 1 & 2 2.Paolo Galizzi, From Stockholm to New York, via Rio and Johannesburg: Has the Environment Lost its Way on the Global Agenda? (2005) 29(5) Fordham International Law Journal, Alexandre Kiss and Prof. Dinah Shelton, (2004) International Environmental law, (UNEP) Chapter 2 4.Birnie, Patricia, Alan Boyle, and Catherine Redgwell,(2009) International Law and the Environment (3rd edition Oxford University Press). 5.Tuomas Kuokkanen, (2002) International law and the Environment, (Kluwer Law International) Conventions and Declarations Stockholm Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environmenthttp:// (The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development Week 2 International Environmental Law Making and Principles The module deals with the law making process and the role of International institutions and Actors involved in the process of international environment law. Certain fundamental environmental principles and concepts developed by international legal system like Sustainable development, Polluter pays liability, Precautionary principles, Inter-generational equity will be discussed.(prevention and distribution related principles) In the late part of the syllabus analysis will take place regarding how different treaties and documents have incorporated these principles. 1.Daniel Bodansky, (2010) The Art and Craft of International Environmental Law, (Harvard University Press), Chapter 5 &9 2.Carman Gonzalez, Bridging the North-South Divide: International Environmental Law in the Anthropocene,(2015) 32 Pace Env Law Rev, 407, available at: 3. Daniel Bodansky, Customary (And Not So Customary) International Environmental Law, (1995) 3 (1) Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, available at: 4.O.W. Pedersen, From Abundance to Indeterminacy: The Precautionary Principle and Its Two Camps of Custom, (2014)3(2) Transnational Environmental Law Dr. Jorge E. Viñuales, The Contribution of thee International Court of Justice to the Development of International Environmental law: A Contemporary Assessment,(2008) 32 Fordhan Int l.j Howley, J.,Gabcikovo Nagymaros Case: The Influence of the International Court of Justice on the Law of Sustainable Development, (2009) 2(1) Queensland Law Review.,2 7.Donald K. Anton, Case Concerning Pulp Mills on the River Uruguay (Argentina v. Uruguay) (Judgment) [2010] (2010)ANU College of Law Research Paper No

3 8. Afshin A-Khavari Donaldr Rothwe, The ICJ and the Danube Dam case: A Missed Opportunity for International Environmental Law, (1998) 22(3) Melbourne University Law Review,507 Optional reading 1.Ian Brownlie, A Survey of International Customary rules in environmental protection ( ) 14,Hastings Int'l & Comp. L. Rev Brendan Reilly, Clear and present danger: A Role for United Nations Security Council for protection of Environment, (1995) 20 Melb. U. L. Rev Mark Drumbl, (2010) Actors and Law-Making in International Environmental Law, in Malgosia Fitzmaurice,(ed)Research Handbook of International Environmental Law 4.Bodansky & Brunnee, The Role of National Courts in the Field of International Environmental Law. (1998) 7(1) RECIEL Bharat H. Desai,UNEP: A Global Environmental Authority? (2006) 36/3-4 Environmental Policy and Law Sara L. Seck, Transnational Business and Environmental Harm: A TWAIL Analysis of Home State Obligations (2011) 3(1) Trade.L& Dev Sumedu Attapattu, Sustainable Development, Myth or Reality?: A Survey of Sustainable Development Under International Law and Sri Lankan Law,(2001),14 Geo. Int'l Envtl. L. Rev. 265 Text Book 1. Elli Louka, (2006) International Environmental law, Fairness Effectiveness and world order, (Cambridge University press ) Chapter 1P, Alexandre Kiss and Prof. Dinah Shelton(2004) International Environmental law, (UNEP) Chapter 3&5 3. Sands, Philippe, (2003) Principles of International Environmental Law, 2nd Edn., (Cambridge University Press). Chapter 2, &6 4. Bharat H. Desai, (2011) Multilateral Environmental Agreements: Legal Status of the Secretariats,. (New York, Cambridge University Press) Video Week 3 Compliance and governance Techniques and Procedures in International Environmental Law Module deals with techniques of implementation in environmentla law.module will focus on instruments like Environmental Impact assessment, regualtory and economic measures and public participation 1.John H Knox, The myth and Reality of Trans boundary Environmental Impact assessment, (2002) 96 Amercian Journal of International Law,

4 2. Leslie-Anne Duvic-Paoli,The Status of the Right to Public Participation in International Environmental Law: An Analysis of the Jurisprudence (2012) 23 (1) Yearbook of International Environmental Law, Optional Reading 1.Daud Hassan, Public Participation in Environmental Law in Bangladesh, (199) 4 Asia Pac. J. Envtl. L Peter H Sand, Carrots Without Stick, New Financial Mechanisms for Global Environmental Agreements, (1999) 3 Max Planx, UNVB Jona Razaque, (2015) Access to Remedies in Environmental Matters and North South Divide in Shawkat Alam, Sumudu Atapattu, Carmen G. Gonzalez, Jona Razzaque (eds) International Environmental Law and the Global South, Cambridge University press) Lalanath De Silva, Public Participation in International Negotiation and Compliance, in Shawkat Alam, Sumudu Atapattu, Carmen G. Gonzalez, Jona Razzaque (eds) International Environmental Law and the Global South, Cambridge University press) Razzaque, J. (2012) Information, public participation and access to justice in environmental matters: Rio+20 appraisal in Alam, S., Bhuyian, J. H., Chowdhury, T. M. and Techera, E. J., (eds)routledge Handbook of International Environmental Law (Abingdon: Routledge) Jeroen van Bekhoven, Public Participation as a General Principle in International Environmental Law: Its Current Status and Real Impact, (2016) 11(2) National Taiwan University law Review, Daniel Bodansky, (2010) The Art and Craft of International Environmental Law, (Harvard University Press) Chapter 10&11 8.Elli Louka,(2006) International Environmental law, Fairness Effectiveness and world order, (Cambridge University Press ) Chapter 3 9.Philippe Sands (2003) Principles of International Environmental Law (2nd Edn.Cambridge University Press) Chapter 16 &17 10.Aarhus Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters, 1998,(2014 )Glob. Envtl. L. Ann Malgosta Fitsmaurice, Some reflections on public participation in environmental matters as a human right in international law (2002) 2(1) Non-St. Actors & Int'l L RJA Goodland, The World Bank's Environmental Assessment Policy ( ) 14 Hastings Int'l & Comp. L. Rev. 811 Video Marine Pollution and State Liability Module deals with issues of marine pollution. MARPOL Convention and its Protocol will be discussed. Special emphasis will be given to South Asian Perspectives and initiatives. Mosule will also discuss State Liability for environmental harm, and theoretical Issues, Viability of a Liability Regime 1.Dinah L. Shelton & Alex Kiss,(2007) Strict Liability in International Environmental Law in

5 Liberamicorum JudgThomas A Mensah(Tafsir Malick Ndiaye and Ru diger Wolfrum, (eds) Law of the Sea, Environmental law and Settlement of Disputes, (Brill Academic Publishers) 2.P S Rao,International Liability for Transboundary Harm, (2004) 34 Envtl. Pol'y & L Md Saiful karim, Implementation of the MARPOL Convention In Bangladesh, (2009) 6 MqJICEL, Saiful Karim, & Shawkat Alam, Climate change and reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases from ships: an appraisal,(2011) 1(1) Asian Journal of International Law, Optional Reading 1.Mark A Drubl,(2006) Trail Smelter and the International Law Commission s Work on State Responsibility for Internationally Wrongful Acts and State Liability, in Rebecca M and Bratspies, Russel Miller (eds) Transboundary Harm in International Law Lessons from the Trail Smelter Arbitration, (Cambridge Press) Giinther Handl, International Accountability for Transboundary Environmental Harm Revisited:What Role for "State Liability? (2007) 37 Envtl. Pol'y & L Stathis N. Palassis, The IMOs Climate Change Challenge: Application of the Principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities, (2014) 6 Wash. & Lee J. Energy, Climate & Env t.162, Books 1.Barboza, Julio,(2011) The Environment, Risk and Liability in International Law (Leiden, Martinus Nijhoff) 2. Philippe Sands (2003) Principles of International Environmental Law, (2nd Edn.,Cambridge University Press) Chapter 18 Conventions and Declarations 1.Draft Articles on the Prevention of Transboundary Harm from Hazardous Activities, Draft Principles on the Allocation of Loss in the case of Transboundary Harm Arising out of Hazardous Activities, 2006, 3.MARPOL Convention,1973/78 Video Week 5&6 Law of Climate Change, Module will cover overview of Climate Change science, International Responses to Climate Change consisting of The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, The Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agrement, Market based mechanisms under Kyoto. Discussion will also focus on the proceedings and decisions of various COPs including the future Climate regime and various options. Role of SAARC in Climate Change negotiations will be undertaken. 1, Lavanya Rajamani, Ambition and Differentiation in the 2015 Paris Agreement: Interpretative Possibilities and Underlying Politics, 92016) International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Lavanya Rajamani, The 2015 Paris Agreement: Interplay Between Hard, Soft and Non-Obligations, (2016) 28 Journal of Environmental Law,

6 3.Friedrich Solatu,(2009) Fairness in international climate change law and policy (Cambridge, University Press) Jacquiline Peel, Issues in Climate Change Litigation, (2011) 5(1) Carbon and Climate Law Review, Optional Reading 1.Lavanya Rajamani, The Climate Regime in Evolution: The Disagreements that Survive the Cancun Agreements, (2011) CCLR 21 2.Lavanya Rajamani, The Climate Regime in Evolution (2011)CCLR Joanne Scott, The Multi-Level Governance of Climate Change in P. Craig and G. de Búrca(eds), The Evolution of EU Law (Oxford University Press, 2011) 4.Lavanya Rajamani, Addressing Loss and Damage from Climate Change Impacts, (2015) (1) 30 EPW,17 5.Lavanya Rajamani The Devilish Details: Key Legal Issues in the 2015 Climate Negotiations, (2015) 78(5) MLR, Agarwal, Anil, and SunitaNarain. Global warming in an unequal world: a case of environmental colonialism, (1991) Earth Island Journal, Jutta Brunnée, Meinhard Doelle, Lavanya Rajamani,(2011) Promoting Compliance in an Evolving Climate Regime (Cambridge University Press). 8.Alexander Gillespie, Sink and the Climate Change Regime: The state of Play, ( )13 Duke Envtl. L. & Pol'y F. 279 Conventions 1.United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Bonn: UNFCCC Secretariat, available at 2.Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, available at 3.Paris Agreement Video Week 7 Mid-term examination Week 8&9 Law of Hazardous Waste, and Chemicals, Module will detail Basel Convention on Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste, Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent, Protocol on liability and compensation for damage resulting from trans boundary movements of hazardous wastes and their disposal, Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants and the 2013 Minamata Mercury Convention will also form part of the module. 1.Bengtsson, Gunnar, Global trends in chemicals management, In Regulating chemical risks. Springer Netherlands, 2010, pages Andresen, Steinar, Kristin Rosendal, and Jon Birger Skjærseth, Why negotiate a legally binding mercury convention? (2013) 13(4) International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics,

7 3.Agarwal, Anil, Sunita Narain, Anju Sharma, and Achila Imchen, (eds) Global Environmental Negotiations: Poles Apart. Vol. 2. (New Delhi: Centre for Science and Environment,) chapter 2, Alexandre Kiss and Dinah Shelton, (2004) Training Manual on International Environmental Law,(UNEP)Chapter 11 P Philippe Sands (2003) Principles of International Environmental Law, (2nd Edn., Cambridge University Press) Chapter 12,&13 Conventions (Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal Week 10&11Wild life and Biodiversity, Module will cover overview of Biological Diversity, Main provisions and loopholes under convention on biological Diversity, Access to genetic resources and benefit-sharing under Nagoya Protocol. South Asian Initiative including Bio diversity Clearing Mechanism and legal initiative. Major North South Disagreements on bio diversity protection. Module also cover forest protection under International law and dissue of Equity. Reading 1Steinberg, Paul F. Institutional Resilience Amid Political Change: The Case of Biodiversity Conservation, (2009) 9(3) Global Environmental Agarwal, Anil, Sunita Narain, and Anju Sharma, eds. (1999) Global Environmental Negotiations: Green Politics. Vol. 1. (New Delhi: Centre for Science and Environment) Chapter 2, Agarwal, Anil, Sunita Narain, and Anju Sharma, eds. (1999) Global Environmental Negotiations: Green Politics. Vol. 1. (New Delhi: Centre for Science and Environment) Chapter 3, Elisa Morgera, Matthias Buck, Elsa Tsioumani,(2012) The 2010 Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing in Perspective: Implications for International Law and Implementation Challenges, (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers ) 5.Alexandre Kiss and Dinah Shelton, (2004) Training Manual on International Environmental Law (UNEP) Chapter Philippe Sands (2003) Principles of International Environmental Law, (2nd Edn.,Cambridge University Press) Chapter 11 Convention Convention on Biological Diversity Week 12 Water Resources Module will deal with development of International Water Courses and its main Provisions. Module will also deliberate on the Bilateral as well as regional regimes of International Fresh water resources. Special emphasis will be given to the various water sharing arrangements in the South Asia. Case Study on Kishanganga arbitration will be undertaken.

8 1.Stephen C. McCaffrey(2007) The Law of International Watercourse, (Second ed Oxford University Press) 2.Gabriel E. Eckstein, Commentary on the U.N. International Law Commission s Draft Articles on the Law of Transboundary Aquifer, (2007) 18(3) Colo. J. Int l Envtl. L. & Pol y, Optional Reading 1.Dante,A, Caponera,Dominique Alheritere, Principles for International ground water law, 1978(18) Natural resources journal Tim stephen, (2009) International Courts and Environmental Protection, (Cambridge University) Chapter 6 3.Philippe Sands (2003) Principles of International Environmental Law, (2nd Edn., Cambridge University Press).Chapter 10 4.Gabcikovo-Nagymaros Dam Case, available online at: 5.Balraj Sidhu, The Kishenganga Arbitration, Transboundary Water Resources Governance, (2013) 43(3) Environmental Policy and Law, Christina Leb, Cooperation in the Law of Transboundary Water Resources, 2013 Cambridge Studies in International and Comparative Law Website Video Week 13 Efficiency Issues and Dispute settlement under Environmental Law Module consider in detail the dispute settlement and effectiveness of international environmental law. Module will disciuss the theoretical issues aurrounding dispute settlement of environmental law including extrateriitoriality of environmental law. 1. Daniel Bodansky, (2010) The Art and Craft of International Environmental Law, (Harvard University Press) Chapter 11&12 2. Daniel Bodansky, The Legitimacy of International Governance: A Coming Challenge for International Environmental Law?, (199)93(3) The American Journal of International Law, Adil Najam, The case against a new international environmental organization, (2003) 9(3) Global Governance, Optional Reading 1. Judicial Settlement of International Environmental Disputes: Current Problems, J Int. Disp. Settlement (2013) 4(2): Alan Boyle and James Harrison, Developments in Environmental law, (1991) 148 Harvard Law Review, Downs, George W., David M. Rocke, and Peter N. Barsoom Is the good news about compliance good news about cooperation? (1996) 50(3) International Organization,

9 4. Dr. Jorge E. Viñuales, The Contribution of thee International Court of Justice to the Development of International Environmental law: A Contemporary Assessment,(2008) 32 Fordhan Int l.j 232. Reading List Text Books 1. Sands, Philippe (2003) Principles of International Environmental Law, 2nd Edn., (Cambribge University Press). 2. Bodansky, Danial, Jutta Brunnee, and Ellen Hey (2007) The Oxford Handbook of International Environmental Law. (Oxford University Press) 3. Birnie, Patricia, Alan Boyle, and Catherine Redgwell, (2009) International Law and the Environment (3rd edition Oxford University Press). 4. Alexandre Kiss and Dinah Shelton,(2004) Training Manual on International Environmental Law(UNEP) 5. Daniel Bodansky (2010) The Art and Craft of International Environmental Law (Harvard University Press) 6. Shawkat Alam, Sumudu Atapattu, Carmen G. Gonzalez, Jona Razzaque (eds) 2015 International Environmental Law and the Global South, (Cambridge University Press) Reference Books 1. Bharat Desai, (2011) Multilateral Environmental Agreements: Legal Status of the Secretariats( Cambridge University Press ) 2. Bharat Desai, (2014) International Environmental Governance Towards UNEPO( Brill) 3. Brown Weiss, McCaffrey, Magraw, Tarlock(2006) International Environmental Law and Policy (2 nd ed Aspen Publishers). 4. Philippe Cullet (2003) Differential Treatment in International Environmental Law, (Ashgate Publishers). 5. Stephen C. McCaffrey(2007) The Law of International Watercourses, (Second Edition Oxford University Press). 6. Jutta Brunnée, Meinhard Doelle, Lavanya Rajamani, (2011) Promoting Compliance in an Evolving Climate Regime (Cambridge University Press). 7. P.B Sahasranamam(2008) Handbook of Environmental Law in India, Oxford University Press. 8. Grayson, A. J.,(1995)The World s Forests: International Initiatives Since Rio, (Oxford: Commonwealth Forestry Association). 9. Sands, Phillipe, (1993) Greening International Law, (Earthscan Publications). 10. Guruswamy, Lakshman D. (2003) International Environmental Law in a Nutshell,(West Publishing Co) 11. Schneider, Stephen, Armin Rosencranz, and John Niles, eds.,(2002) Climate Change Policy: a Survey (Washington, DC: Island Press). 12. Young, Oran. The Effectiveness of International Environmental Regimes. Camridge, MA: MIT Press, Internet Sources 1.

10 Earth Negotiations Bulletin ( ( Besides this students are instructed to go through various conventions and protocols mentioned in the syllabus. This is because International environmental law is overwhelmingly treaty law and are readily available on the internet. 9.Evaluation and Weightage of different components of evaluation - The evaluation is based on simulation method mid-term and end-term examinations (40 marks each) would be based on a case-based evaluation. The evaluation also includes a scholastic essay writing effort examined for 20 marks.