Southern Legislative Conference ~ CALS 2018

Transcription

1 Exploring the Public in Public Leadership 1. Exploring the meaning of public and the public good. 2. Understanding public leadership as a normative enterprise. 3. Choices we face in seeking the public good and conflicts that arise in making these choices. 4. How public leaders can solve public problems and make good public decisions. 5. Implications for those who would lead on behalf of the public good and for the future of our republic. Government, University of Georgia 1

2 A god, deity, religious leader ~ a theocracy A group or elite ~ an oligarchy A king, queen, or dictator ~ a monarchy The people ~ a democracy Government, University of Georgia 2

3 Tax incentives for film industry First, what is the good we seek? Second, how should we seek that good? Community Liberty Equality Prosperity Government, University of Georgia 3

4 Liberty ~ I, the Individual Smart phone technology raises new questions about a citizen s right to privacy Should police be allowed to search a driver s cell phone at the scene of an accident? Governor emphasizes personal responsibility in preparing for disasters, urging every individual to have a week's worth of food and purified water on hand Most states seek to provide consumer choice in health services Nearly 1,500 bills introduced in state legislatures since 2016 both loosening and tightening gun restrictions Longer life expectancy gives rise to questions about whether individuals should be allowed to end their lives and whether physicians should be allowed to assist Government, University of Georgia 4

5 We value liberty when Freedom Choice Opportunity Independence Mobility Individuality Personal responsibility Self-sufficiency Self-determination Self-help Equality Groups, Us and Them All but 5 states have equal pay laws Education Trust reports that state public flagship universities are becoming whiter and richer than residents of states they serve Legislative study committee recommends internet sales tax to help level playing field for brick and mortar merchants Historical statues raise questions about equal treatment across the nation Government, University of Georgia 5

6 Arrest booking fees headed to U.S. Supreme Court We value equality when Fairness Justice Tolerance Inclusion Diversity Equal rights Equal treatment Equal opportunity Representation Level playing field Community ~ We Common Good All 50 states have some form of ignition interlock law for convicted drunk drivers Drug overdose deaths for ages have increased in all 50 states in the past decade, doubling in 35 and quadrupling in 5 Several states attribute rise in number of children in foster care to opiate abuse and addiction Government, University of Georgia 6

7 Legislator proposes parent and teacher spanking bill to restore parental rights and discipline Legislators want their daily prayer ceremony to acknowledge and celebrate more than one religion Demographic shifts have helped Jewish, Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu and Sikh communities take root in the state s growing non-christian population We value community when Safety Security Connection Belonging Sense of place Social/moral order Quality of life The sacred Social responsibility Collective action Prosperity ~ Market State consolidates three agencies to improve service delivery and save money Some states explore public-private partnerships for child welfare systems Government, University of Georgia 7

8 20 states have adopted or are considering adopting evidence-based sentencing, in which courts use data-driven predictions of future crime risk to shape sentencing Tax credits and incentives State education commission, citing statistics showing no benefit in student performance from teachers holding advanced degrees, recommends ending pay raises for new teachers who get them We value prosperity when Growth Development Economy Efficiency Productivity Commercialization Privatization Return on investment Quantity of life Market rules Liberty Freedom, choice, independence, access, autonomy, mobility, openness, transparency, discretion, individual rights, exceptions, exemptions, waivers, voluntary, opportunity, individuality, privacy, due process, accountability, participation, personal responsibility, self-determination, self-sufficiency, selfhelp, self-governing, self-rule Community Safety, security, sense of place, belonging, identity, connection, attractive, appealing, welcoming, tradition, customs, culture, history, law, religion, the sacred, social responsibility, collective action, peace, health, preservation, conservation, restoration, social and moral order, quality of life Prosperity Economy, efficiency, growth, profit, productivity, return on investment, development, incentives, competition, consolidation, centralization, privatization, commercialization, standardization, specialization, performance measurement, benchmarking, market rules, maximization, quantity of life, standard of living Equality Fairness, justice, tolerance, acceptance, diversity, difference, equity, parity, comparable, equivalent, inclusion, impartial, representation, grandfathering, compensation, redistribution, equal rights, equal opportunity, equal access, equal treatment, equal results, level playing field Government, University of Georgia 8

9 1. "This is a job-creating piece of legislation that will help at least 26 companies form and go into business and into the marketplace, thereby creating many more jobs within our state. 2. Remain competitive in a competitive industry. 3. Breweries and distilleries will no longer be required to offer paid tours with limited samples of their products, which is often described as a shell game. 4. Create a better experience for distillery guests ~ allow them to sample whichever spirits they like. 5. Levels the playing field between breweries & distilleries and wholesalers & retailers and between our state and other states. 6. Create better beer and food destinations and reputations. 7. The state does not do enough to address alcohol s negative impacts on families and opposition to the bill is not about being against alcohol, per se, but being against what alcohol is doing to families. 8. Breweries will be able to serve food. 9. Current 3-tiered system was designed and adopted to prevent monopoly and promote competition. 10. Current 3-tiered system creates a barrier to entry for microbreweries because their production levels are often not high enough to satisfy the needs of a distributer. LIBERTY ~ Allow guests them to sample whichever spirits they like (4); no longer required to offer paid tours with limited samples of their products (shell game) (3); 3-tiered system designed to prevent monopoly (9); 3- tiered system creates barrier to entry for microbreweries (10) COMMUNITY ~ Create a better experience for distillery guests (4); create better beer and food destinations and reputations (6); state does not do enough to address alcohol s negative impacts on families and opposition to the bill is not about being against alcohol, per se, but being against what alcohol is doing to families (7); breweries will be able to serve food (8) PROSPERITY ~ A job-creating piece of legislation that will help at least 26 companies form and go into business and into the marketplace, thereby creating many more jobs in our state (1); remain competitive in a competitive industry (2); 3-tiered system designed to promote competition (9) EQUALITY ~ Level the playing field between breweries/distilleries and wholesalers and retailers and between our state and other states (5); 3- tiered system creates a barrier to entry for microbreweries because their production levels are often not high enough to satisfy needs of distributers (10) These values reflect our unique history and heritage Citizens who favor liberty tend to support limited government, private solutions over public ones, and want public officials to protect people from government Americans for Prosperity, American Civil Liberties Union, Eagle Forum, Open Carry, First Amendment Foundation, Alliance for School Choice, Public Policy Foundation, Consumer Watch, Center for Policy Research, Liberty Alliance Citizens who favor equality support an active role for government, want everyone to benefit from public spending and services, and want public officials to use government to help people Fairness for Prisoners Families, Budget and Policy Institute, Innocence Project, Empowerment for All, Justice Project, Green Party, Legal Services Program, Peace and Justice Coalition, Women of Achievement, Progressive Network Government, University of Georgia 9

10 Citizens who favor community want government to promote public interest over private, preserve rather than develop, and want public officials to protect the common good Citizens for Alternatives to the Death Penalty, Concerned Women for America, Nature Conservancy, Council on Moral and Civic Concerns, Family Council, Forestry Association, Trust for Historic Preservation, Community Partnership Center, Adoptive and Foster Parent Association Citizens who favor prosperity want government to support private interests, let the market decide public issues, reduce public spending, and want public officials to support business and economic growth Chamber of Commerce, Farm Bureau Federation, Center for Economic Education, Citizens for a Sound Economy, Federation of Independent Business, Manufacturing and Industry Association, Partnership for Excellence in Education, Center for Performance Excellence, Viable Jobs Coalition, Technology Development Corporation Public Problems Public Choices Government, University of Georgia 10

11 Flexible scheduling Individualized instruction Develop individual student interests Plan for different learning styles No dress code No busing Vouchers Individualized learning/instruction Alternatives ~ charter, magnet, cyber Public support for vouchers and other private options Open choice within public schools Parental choice and responsibility Local governance and control Let families control how their education dollars are spent Break away from entrenched education bureaucracies More course and program choices Allow students to find themselves academically Same courses, same standards Fair student evaluations Fair discipline All students obtain HS diploma All sports available School uniforms Do not allow school choice Sign language as foreign language Funding to make all schools equal, especially for disadvantaged students Every child gets the same education Reverse re-segregation, close achievement gaps Learning environments free of race, gender, class, ethnic and cultural biases Alternative, special, bilingual education Free/reduced breakfast/lunch programs Teach all history and cultures Problem solving and resolving conflict Mutual respect, tolerance Health services, nutrition, nurses Smaller classes, lower teacher ratios Neighborhood schools, quality not cost Adult mentors, partnerships with parents and community Fewer dropouts, all students successful Reduce heavy book bags, provide bigger lockers, more time between classes Safe, clean, secure, comfortable, healthy, welcoming schools Meet social/emotional needs of students Art, music, civics, character education, service learning Avoid becoming places of competition, ranking, social sorting Build mutual support within the family, classroom, school, and community Reduce suspensions and expulsions Raise children, don t just teach them Save recess! Career preparation, work training, school-business partnerships, apprenticeships, summer work, cooperative and vocational education Educate for 3 R s, curriculum relevant to business Focus on computers, science, work ethic, classroom technology/networks Extend school day and year Remove discipline problems Balancing checkbooks, job applications, managing money Teacher signing bonuses, incentives Make schools tax-deductible Create a competitive environment Grading, testing, standards, rankings, certification, datadriven decision making Commercialization and advertising Contracting Performance pay Privatize schools, maximize use of facilities, costeffective construction, operate public school systems like a business Graduate students with skills for success in the global economy Provide students with a competitive edge! Liberty Offer choices; system people want to use; improve access to employment and other opportunities; increase individual freedom by increasing capacity of existing roads; reduce dependence on foreign oil Community Attractive and appealing; increase health by reducing fossil fuel consumption, air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions; encourage good land use planning; preserve open space; strengthen feeling of belonging and connection Equality Serve need riders and choice riders; be affordable and accessible to everyone; increase access to jobs, services, leisure, and education for everyone Prosperity Reduce travel time; cost of building new roads by increasing capacity; positive economic return for transit users and providers; reduce need for and cost of infrastructure; encourage economic development Government, University of Georgia 11

12 We don t need the state mandating every little thing in our lives. Let parents be parents. ~ provider I don t want someone s hand in my child s mouth. ~ parent Study commissioned by the state found one in four kindergartners had dental disease ~ can have negative long-term impacts on a child s health and quality of life We re supposed to have rest time, but now we have to eat a little earlier so there s enough time for the children to brush their teeth. ~ caregiver When you teach children oral health at a young age, they'll be able to maintain good dental hygiene for life. ~ legislator State study also found that 5-year olds with dental disease were more likely to be poor and minority This is also a personal freedom issue do we need government to regulate everything we do? Chair, House Select Committee on Motorcycle Helmet Laws Studies show fewer deaths and injuries Studies show lower medical and insurance costs Government, University of Georgia 12

13 Liberty Don t require helmets Some riders, some of the time Liberty No riders, none of the time Community Prosperity Community Prosperity Require helmets All riders, all of the time Value problems require us to make normative choices: Moral Ethical Political We base our choices on not just what we know (facts), but also on what we believe (values) Government, University of Georgia 13

14 1. What arguments do you see and hear? 2. What values do these arguments represent? How might we achieve the good we seek without harming the good we already have? Implications for Public Leaders and for Our Republic The art and science of identifying the good we seek and crafting solutions to achieve the greatest good possible with the least amount of harm Public decisions involve choices among competing good things Good decisions are politically acceptable and technically feasible Making such decisions requires both elected citizens and appointed professionals Government, University of Georgia 14

15 The value(s) someone wants to promote The value(s) someone else wants to protect Government, University of Georgia 15

16 Create a nation individuals capable of selfgoverning and exercising freedom responsibly Be willing to lead with nobody in charge Work with citizens, staff, stakeholders, and each other to craft decisions that achieve the greatest good possible with the least amount of harm Build sufficient consensus around these decisions to preserve our democratic republic, without which these choices would not exist Create a community cultural, moral, and social order Create an economy individual selfsufficiency and general welfare Create a society justice, fairness, equality They institutionalized them in our republic, our res publica, our public thing Government, University of Georgia 16