Edukas majandus. Blossoming economy. Kiire majanduskasv. Rapid economic growth

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1 Edukas majandus Blossoming economy Kiire majanduskasv Rapid economic growth Euroopa tulevane majanduse jõukeskus moodustub Eestist, Lätist, Leedust ja Poolast, kuna nimetatud riikide majandused on maailma kõige kiiremini kasvavate majanduste hulgas, prognoosib Nordea pank. ELi vanade riikidega sarnase jõukuse saavutamiseks kulub aastat. Eesti SKT kasv pidurdub aastatel marginaalselt, põhjuseks on osaliselt vähenev eksport. (JP, 30.01) The future power centre of European economy will be formed by Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland since the economies of those states are among the fastest growing ones, Nordea bank forecasts. It takes years to achieve the wealth similar to the old states of EU. Estonian GDP growth will restrain marginally in The cause is partly diminishing export. (JP, 30.01) Aastaid viitasid soomlased oma vaestele eestlastest hõimlastele veidi halvakspanevalt kui sovettidele. Enam mitte. ELi laienemine on naaberriigid toonud teineteisele lähemale kui kunagi varem. Nad näevad 80 kilomeetri kaugusel näidet, kuidas ka Soome võib oma konkurentsivõimet tõsta, või siis ohtu kallile Põhjamaade majandusmudelile, mis on kaks aastat järjest aidanud Soomel tõusta Maailma Majandusfoorumi konkurentsivõime indeksi tabeli tippu. (IHT, 11.01) For years the Finns referred to their poor Estonian kins with a little disdain as soviets. Not anymore. Expansion of the EU has brought those neighbouring countries closer to each other than ever. They see an example in the distance of 80 km how Finland could increase its competitiveness or a danger to their dear Nordic economy model which has helped Finland to reach the top of the World Economic Forum competitiveness index table for two years in a row. (IHT, 11.01) Eesti majanduskasv on viimastel aastatel olnud tugev. Edu on taganud muuhulgas välisinvesteeringud, mida Eesti on suutnud tänu During last years the economic growth of Estonia has been vigorous. Among other things foreign investments that Estonia has managed to attract 36

2 EDUKAS MAJANDUS BLOSSOMING ECONOMY 2006 PILVELÕHKUJAID KERKIB KUI SEENI PÄRAST VIHMA SKYSCRAPERS ARE MUSHROOMING liberaalsele majanduspoliitikale ja stabiilsele keskkonnale ligi meelitada. Edaspidi on Eesti sunnitud välisinvesteeringute pärast konkureerima odavate kulutuste asemel teiste vahenditega. (Kauppalehti, 9.01) due to liberal economic policy and stable environment have ensured the success. In the future Estonia will be forced to compete for the foreign investments with other means than small expenditures. (Kauppalehti, 9.01) Päike tõuseb idast. Prantsusmaa Senati majanduskomisjon saatis aastal Eestisse ja Leetu delegatsiooni, mis tõdes nimetatud maade majanduste head olukorda, tõstes mõlema maa puhul esile 6-protsendilise majanduskasvu. Senaatorite raport soovitab muuhulgas nimetatud riigid Prantsusmaa eelarvereformidele eeskujuks võtta. (L Hémisicle, 1.02) The sun rises from the east. The Economic Committee of French Senate sent a delegation to Estonia and Lithuania in 2005 which recognised the good economical situation of those countries, highlighting the 6% economic growth in both countries. The report of senators recommends inter alia viewing those states as an example for budgetary reforms in France. (L Hémisicle, 1.02) Balti riikide majandustulemused on pretsedenditud. Tarbimise kasvu iseloomustab ka laenukoormuse tõus: Balti pangad pakuvad mitmesuguseid laenuvõimalusi ning see on omakorda viinud kinnisvarabuumini. Kiire kasv on muretsema pannud IMFi, kes kardab inflatsiooni tõusu. Analüütikud ei pea kiiret majanduskasvu ohtlikuks, viidates USA The economic results of the Baltic States are unprecedented. The growth of loan burden also characterises the growth of consumption. The Baltic banks offer various loan possibilities and this in turn has lead to a real estate boom. The fast growth also concerns IMF who is afraid of the growth of inflation. The analysts do not see the rapid economic growth as a danger, 37

3 2006 PILK PEEGLISSE GLANCE AT THE MIRROR ja Jaapani edule pärast Teist maailmasõda. (Les Echos, 24.08) referring to the success of USA and Japan after the WWII. (Les Echos, 24.08) Kauboikapitalismi valinud Eesti majandus kasvab: ehitustellinguid püstitatakse võidu ja üha rohkem inimesi kasutab sülearvuteid. On märke sellest, et vanade võtetega majandusvabaduse ja maksude vähendamisega kasv enam endistviisi ei jätku. On selge, et praktiliselt olematu ettevõtete maksustamine ja hirmutavalt vaba ärikeskkond meelitavad investeeringuid vaid lühiajaliselt. (HS, 22.08) Estonian economy which has chosen the cowboy capitalism is growing: more and more scaffolds are set up and more and more people use the laptops. There are signs that by the old tricks economic freedom and reducing taxes the growth will not continue as before. It is obvious that practically non existing taxing of companies and intimidatingly free business environment attract investments only for a short period. (HS, 22.08) Eesti ja Venemaa majanduse kiirest kasvust saavad oma osa ka soomlased. Riskidest räägitakse siiski üllatavalt vähe. Vaevalt on paljud soome ettevõtted teinud tagavaraplaani juhuks, kui naabrite majanduskasv peaks peatuma. Selline võimalus on siiski olemas, kuigi paljud ei taha seda uskuda. (Kauppalehti, 22.08) Also the Finns get their share form a fast economic growth of Estonia and Russia. Surprisingly little is spoken about the risks. Several Finnish companies have hardly made contingency plans for the case if the economic growth of neighbours stops. This possibility still exists although many do not want to believe this. (Kauppalehti, 22.08) Majanduspoliitika Prantsusmaa siseminister Nicolas Sarkozy kritiseerib majanduslehele Les Echos antud intervjuus Eestit. Eesti võib mitte maksustada reinvesteeritud kasumit, kuid me peame tulumaksumäära alandamise osas saavutama üksmeele, ütles siseminister. Muuseas, mulle ei meeldi, et teatud riigid on piisavalt rikkad, et rakendada null-protsendilist maksumäära, samas piisavalt vaesed, et meie käest toetusi küsida ning meie tööstust ära meelitada. See on fiskaalne ning sotsiaalne dumping! (Les Echos, 9.11) Eesti ja Läti kuuluvad vastavalt firma Aon Consulting iga-aastasele Euroopa pensionibaromeetrile ELi nelja suurima pensioni maksva riigi hulka. Aon Consultingu peastatistiku Donald Duvali sõnul on Eesti ja Läti hea tulemus üllatav, Economic policy Minister of Internal Affairs of France Nicolas Sarkozy criticises Estonia in an interview given to business newspaper Les Echos. Estonia can not tax the reinvested profit, but we have to achieve consensus in the question of income tax rate decrease, says the Minister. By the way, I do not like that certain states are sufficiently rich to establish the 0% tax rate and at the same time sufficiently poor to ask for support from us and attract our industry. This is fiscal and social dumping! (Les Echos, 9.11) According to yearly European pension barometer of company Aon Consulting, Estonia and Latvia are among the first four states paying the highest pension rate as to the GDP per capita. Donald Duval, the chief actuary of Aon Consulting says that the good result of Estonia and Latvia is surprising but 38

4 EDUKAS MAJANDUS BLOSSOMING ECONOMY 2006 ent tuleb arvestada ka sellega, et suremus on neis riikides kõrge ja pensionile minnakse võrdlemisi hilja. Seetõttu võib riik maksta enda jaoks vastuvõetavate kulutustega küllaltki heldelt riiklikku pensioni. Kui neis riikides suremus väheneb, võib pensionide maksmine muutuda probleemiks. (Birmingham Post, 27.12) Eurobarameetri ning konsultatsioonifirma Aon Consulting kohaselt on Eesti pensionisüsteem ELis pärast Taanit teisel kohal. Uutes ELi liikmesriikides on pensionäride osakaal 39 protsenti, samas kui vanades liikmesriikides on see 32 protsenti. Taani ja Eesti soosisid hilisemat pensionile minekut ning eakate inimeste töötamist. (La Tribune, 19.12) it should also be considered that the death rate in those countries is high and people retire quite late. Hence the state can pay a quite generous state pension with acceptable expenditures for them. When the death rate decreases, paying the pensions can become a problem. (Birmingham Post, 27.12) According to Eurobarometer and consultation company Aon Consulting, the pension system of Estonia takes the second place after Denmark in EU, considering the pension rate when compared to GDP per capita. The percentage of retired people in new member states is 39% when in old member states it is 32%. Denmark and Estonia favoured the later retirement and working of elderly people. (La Tribune, 19.12) Eestis on negatiivne iive, mis perspektiivis vähendab majanduskasvu ning suurendab pensioniealiste osakaalu ühiskonnas, kuid Eestis on las-minna-mentaliteedist jõutud aktiivse tulevikukujundamiseni. Eesti ärkas aastal, mil ÜRO aastaraport osutas, et kui toonased tendentsid kestavad, kaotab väikeriik 50 aasta pärast peaaegu poole oma 1,4-miljonilisest elanikkonnast. Eesti valitsus astus aastal julge sammu ning määras igale emale palga. Kahe aasta jooksul on strateegiline näitaja Eestis tõusnud 1,3-lt 1,5-le, rahvastiku vähenemise pidurdumiseks on aga vajalik keskmiselt 2,1 last ühe naise kohta. (WSJ, 20.10) Balti riikide majanduskasv on seotud Venemaaga. Ka ELi ja Venemaa vaheline kauba vahetus käib läbi nende riikide, kuid probleeme on tollidokumentidega. Eestlased ütlevad, et see on Venemaa viga. Eestis kulub tollipaberite täitmiseks veerand tundi, kuid Vene-poolel võtab see aega üheksa tundi. Selle tagajärg on kolme päeva pikkused tollijärjekorrad. Ka Estonia has a negative population growth which in the long-term perspective diminishes the economic growth and increases the percentage of pensioners in the society. But the let-go mentality is changing into active design of future in Estonia. Estonia woke up in 2001 when the UN yearly report decided that if that tendencies last, the small country loses at least half of its 1.4 million population during next 50 years. Estonian government made a bold step and started paying salaries to each mother. During two years the strategic characteristic in Estonia has increased from 1.3 to 1.5. To stop the decrease of population, in average of 2.1 child per woman is needed. (WSJ, 20.10) The economic growth of the Baltic States is connected to Russia. Also the trading between EU and Russia goes through these states but there are problems with customs documentation. Estonians say that the Russian side is to blame. It takes half an hour on Estonian side to form the customs documents, but on Russian side it takes 9 hours. This results in three-day customs lines. Also Estonian fisherman had a strong economic 39

5 2006 PILK PEEGLISSE GLANCE AT THE MIRROR Eesti kalurid said Venemaalt tugeva majandusliku tagasilöögi. Nimelt otsustas Venemaa kalaimpordi läbi Eesti piiripunktide lõpetada. Venelaste sõnul on probleeme kalaproduktide dokumentidega, kuid eestlaste arvates näitavad venelased lihtsalt jõudu. (Børsen, 4.12) backfire from Russia. What happened was that Russia decided to stop the fish import through Estonian border stations. According to Russians, there are problems with the documents of fish products, but Estonians thinks that Russians are just showing off their power. (Børsen, 4.12) Edu alus on ühetaoline tulumaks Eesti endine peaminister Mart Laar saab Milton Friedmani nimelise auhinna vabaduse edendamise eest. Laar on öelnud, et Friedmani raamat Valikuvabadus oli ainus majandusalane raamat, mille ta aastal enne peaministriks saamist läbi oli lugenud. Laar võttis omaks Friedmani ideed erastamisest, ühtsest maksumäärast ja vabast turumajandusest ning juurutas neid Eestis, muutes väikese riigi reformiliidriks mitte ainult Ida-, vaid ka Lääne-Euroopas. (WSJ, 20.04) Proportional income tax is the basis of success Mart Laar, former Prime Minister of Estonia gets a Milton Friedman prize for enhancing the peace. Laar has said that the book Free to Choose written by Friedman was the only book about economy which he had ever read through before becoming a Prime Minister. Laar accepted the ideas of Friedman about privatisation, uniform tax rates and free market economy and introduced them in Estonia changing the small country into the reform leader not only in Eastern but also in Western Europe. (WSJ, 20.04) Ameerika ultraliberaalid vaid unistavad sellest, mille ELi uusliikmed on juba teoks teinud. Jutt käib proportsionaalsest tulumaksust, mille kohaselt maksavad ühtmoodi tulumaksu nii tänavapühkija kui ka miljonär. Proportsionaalse maksumäära kasutuselevõtu üle käib debatt ka mitmetes Lääne-Euroopa maades. Kuhu asetub aga Prantsusmaa kogu selles loos? Riigis, kus pooled kodanikest ei maksa tulumaksu, näib mõte kõigile võrdsest maksusüsteemist lausa ketserlik. (La Tribune, 17.01) American ultra liberals only dream about the things that the new EU member states have already done. It is the proportional income tax according to which the street sweeper as well as the millionaire pays the same rate of tax. Possible establishing of the proportional income tax is an issue of debate also in several Western Europe countries. What is France s position on this issue? In the state where half of the citizens do not pay the income tax the idea about the uniform tax system seems heretical to everyone. (La Tribune, 17.01) Soome majanduspoliitika mõttekoja EVA (Elinkeinoelämän valtuuskunta) korraldatud sümpoosionil Mida Soomel on Eestilt õppida? oli peateema ühtne tulumaksumäär. Soome on põhjamaine heaoluriik, Eesti aga liberaalne majandusriik. Soomes on Eesti mudeli toetajaid, kuid nii on ka Eestis Soome mudeli hindajaid. At the symposium What Finland can learn from Estonia, arranged by Finnish economic policy think tank EVA (Elinkeinoelämän valtuuskunta) the uniform income tax rate was one of the main subjects. Finland is a Nordic welfare country, Estonia is a liberal economic state. There are supporters of the Estonian model but 40

6 EDUKAS MAJANDUS BLOSSOMING ECONOMY 2006 Vastust küsimusele, mida Soome võiks Eestilt õppida, ei saadud, sest ühest vastust lihtsalt pole. (HS, 29.08) Mitmed Euroopa riigid on viinud sisse ühtlase tulumaksu, millest arvatakse maha teatud tulumaksuvaba osa. Esimesena viidi ühtlane 26-protsendiline tulumaks sisse Eestis, ning paneb hämmastama, miks ei ole Eesti head kogemust silmas pidades kerkinud antud teemast Norra maksusüsteemi kajastavat poliitilist diskussiooni. See süsteem on õiglasem ning motiveerib edukust ja kindlustab ühiskonda vajalike sissetulekutega. (Nationen, 18.03) also supporters of Finnish model in Estonia. An answer to the question what Finland can learn from Estonia was not given as there is no single answer. (HS, 29.08) Several European countries have introduced unified income tax from which a certain income tax free part is subtracted. Estonia was the first to introduce a 26% income tax and it is surprising how come the good experience of Estonia has not inspired a political discussion reflecting the Norwegian tax system. This system is fairer and motivates success and ensures the society with necessary incomes. (Nationen, 18.03) Euro jäi tulemata Saksamaa Keskpank hoiatas eurotsooni laienemise eest ning kritiseeris Eestit jooksevkonto defitsiidi pärast. Eesti lootusi järgmisel aastal eurotsooniga liituda on kärpinud kõrge naftahinna mõju riigi inflatsioonimäärale. Saksamaa Keskpanga arvates võiks liitumisega kiirustamine raskendada sobiva vahetuskursi määramist, vale vahetuskurss võiks aga jooksevkonto defitsiiti veelgi suurendada. Jooksevkonto defitsiit ei kuulu euroga liitumise kriteeriumide hulka ning Keskpank tunnistas, et see on normaalne nähtus rikkamatele riikidele järelejõudmise protsessis. (FT, 24.01) No Euro yet The Central Bank of Germany warned against the expansion of the euro zone and criticised Estonia for the current account deficit. The hopes of Estonia to join the euro zone have been curtailed by the influence of oil price on the state s inflation rate. German Central Bank thinks that accelerating the accession might complicate the defining of appropriate exchange rate. Wrong exchange rate could increase the current account deficit. However, it is not among the criteria for joining the euro zone and the Central Bank confirmed that an increased current account is a normal phenomenon for countries that are going through the process of catching up with the richer states. (FT, 24.01) On mõned majanduslikud põhjused, miks Eesti ja Leedu ei peaks veel eurotsooniga liituma, kuid inflatsioonitase nende hulka ei kuulu. Tõeline põhjus on selles, et need riigid on veel liiga vaesed. Kuid seda ei ütle oma raportites ei EK ega Euroopa Keskpank. (FT, 29.01) There are some economic reasons why Estonia and Lithuania should not yet join the euro zone but the inflation level is not one of them. The real reason is that those states are still too poor. But neither European Commission nor the European Central bank say that in their reports. (FT, 29.01) EK asepresident Günter Verheugen kahtleb Eesti euro-küpsuses. Saksamaa Liidupank on Vice President of the European Commission Günter Verheugen questions the eligibility of Estonia 41

7 2006 PILK PEEGLISSE GLANCE AT THE MIRROR olnud traditsiooniliselt skeptiline eurotsooni laienemise suhtes. Prantsusmaa ja Belgia loodavad luua eurotsooni riikidest nn tuum-euroopa ning püüavad seetõttu takistada eurotsooni laienemist. (FTD, 1.02) Ashoka Mody ja Christoph Rosenberg Rahvusvahelisest Valuutafondist ei leia, et Eesti ja Läti oleks eurotsooniga liitumiseks liiga vaesed. Nende hinnangul ei saa madala per capita põhjal teha järeldust, et riigi majandus on jäik. Samuti pole õige järeldada, et õiglase vahetuskursi saavutamine on Eesti ja Läti puhul keerulisem kui rikastel riikidel. Arvelduskonto defitsiiti võib tõlgendada investeeringute suure sissevooluna ja märgina majanduse paindlikkusest. (FT, 8.02) Ida-Euroopa väikesed majandustiigrid tahavad saavutada ühinemist Euroopa Rahaliiduga võimalikult kiiresti, arvates, et selleks piisab kiirest majanduskasvust ning et pisuke inflatsioonimäära ületamine ei lähe arvesse. Eesti rahandusminister Aivar Sõerd kinnitab, et inflatsioon Eestis langeb, selleks pole majanduskasvu vaja aeglustada. (WSJ, 17.02) Eesti peaminister Andrus Ansip leiab, et Eesti valitsuse kindel siht on Euroopa ühisraha kasutuselevõtt, sõltumata sellest, kas Eesti suudab täita vastavaid kriteeriume aastal. Eesti jätkab konservatiivse ja prognoositava majandus- ja eelarvepoliitika rakendamist, mis peaks kindlustama Eesti kõrge majanduskasvu ka edaspidi. (FT, 6.03) Peaminister Andrus Ansip tunnistas, et kõrge inflatsiooni tõttu võib Eesti euroga liitumine aasta võrra edasi lükkuda. Ansipi sõnul on suhteliselt vähetõenäoline, et Eesti oktoobrifor the euro. German Union Bank has been traditionally sceptical about the expansion of the euro zone. France and Belgium hope to create the so-called core Europe from the euro zone states and hence try to hinder the expansion of the euro zone. (FTD, 1.02) Ashoka Mody and Christoph Rosenberg from International Monetary Foundation do not believe that Estonia and Latvia are too poor to join the euro zone. According to their estimates the low per capita cannot lead to the conclusion that the economy id rigid. It is also not correct to conclude that achievement of fair exchange rate is more complicated for Estonia and Latvia than for richer countries. The settlement account deficit can be interpreted as a consequence of high incoming flow of investments and a sign of flexible economy. (FT, 8.02) The Eastern European small economic tigers wish to achieve the accession to the European Monetary Union as soon as possible, thinking that economic growth is enough as an argument for that and a minor exceeding of the inflation rate does not matter. Estonian Minister of Finance confirms that the inflation in Estonia is decreasing and therefore there is no need to slow down the economic growth. (WSJ, 17.02) Estonian Prime Minister Andrus Ansip finds that imposing European common currency in Estonia remains the defined target of the Estonian government even if Estonia cannot fulfil the relevant criteria in Estonia continues the implementation of a conservative and predictable economic and budgetary policy, which should guarantee that the country s high economic growth continues. (FT, 6.03) The Prime Minister Andrus Ansip admitted that due to high inflation rate, joining the euro zone may be postponed for a year. According to Ansip, it is quite 42

8 EDUKAS MAJANDUS BLOSSOMING ECONOMY 2006 kuise hindamise ajaks inflatsioonikriteeriumeid täita suudab. (Les Echos, 8.03) unlikely for Estonia to fulfil the inflation criteria by the time of assessment in October. (Les Echos, 8.03) Eesti ja Leedu soov eurole üle minna on tekitanud arutelu Maastrichti kriteeriumide üle. Nii EK kui Euroopa Keskpank rõhutavad kriteeriumidest kinnipidamise vajadust, samas seavad Eesti ja Leedu juhid selle kahtluse alla. Brüsselis asuva Bruegeli uurimiskeskuse analüütikute hinnangul ei ole kriteeriumid vajalikud ega piisavad hindamaks mõne riigi eurokõlbulikkust. (Le Monde, 10.03) Enamiku Ida-Euroopa riikide jaoks tähendab euro kasutuselevõtt lõplikku integreerumist läänega. Kas aga Euroopa Liit võib lubada nende riikide liitumist, kui ei täideta vastavaid kriteeriume? Küsimus pole ELis, vaid liituvate riikide majanduste võimekuses liitumine üle elada. Põhiline argument euro kasutuselevõtu vastu on see, et erandite tegemine võib luua soovimatuid pretsedente ka tulevasteks laienemisteks. EL ei tohiks soosida euroliidu mängureeglite devalveerimist. (FAZ, 22.03; 23.03) Estonia s and Lithuania s wish to switch over to the euro has generated a discussion about the Maastricht criteria. The European Commission as well as the European Central Bank emphasise the importance of sticking to the criteria. At the same time the leaders of Estonia and Lithuania are suspicious about that. The analysts of the Bruegel research centre in Brussels think that the criteria are not necessary to assess the eligibility of a state as to the euro. (Le Monde, 10.03) For most of the Eastern European states putting the euro into practise means the final integration into the West. But can the EU allow joining of those countries when the relevant criteria have not been met? The question is not about the EU but the capabilities of the economies of joining states to survive the accession. The main argument against putting euro into practise is that making exceptions can create unwanted precedents also for further expansions. EU should not favour the devaluation of the principles of the EU. (FAZ, 22.03; 23.03) Kõrged energiahinnad ja hirm majanduslanguse ees on uute ELi liikmesriikide lootusele eurotsooniga liituda tagasilöögi andnud. Leedu ja Eesti loodavad nüüd euroga liituda aastal. (The Times, 5.09) High energy prices and fear about the possible economic decline have given a setback to the new EU member states hope of joining the euro zone. Lithuania and Estonia now hope to join in (The Times, 5.09) Baltimaade poliitikud on veendunud, et eurotsooniga liitumine on palju parem kui sellest väljajäämine. Balti riikides, kus majanduskasv jääb sel aastal vahemikku 8 12 protsenti, tööpuudus on madal ja energiahinnad tõusevad, on inflatsioon aastas 3,5 6,5 protsenti. Inflatsiooni oleks võimalik vähendada makse ulatuslikult suurendades ning suure eelarveülejäägi korral, ent selle hinnaks oleks majanduskasvu The politicians of the Baltic states are convinced that joining the euro zone is much better than being left out of it. In the Baltic States, where the economic growth remains within the margin of 8 12%, the unemployment is low and the energy prices on the rise, the yearly inflation is %. Inflation can be diminished by increasing essentially the taxes and in case of a great surplus of the budget but the price would be restraint of 43

9 2006 PILK PEEGLISSE GLANCE AT THE MIRROR TALLINK ON TÕUSNUD LÄÄNEMERE SUURIMAKS LAEVAKOMPANIIKS TALLINK BECAME THE LEADING SHIPPING COMPANY ON THE BALTIC SEA pidurdumine. Majandusasjatundjate sõnul puuduks sellistel sammudel nii majanduslik kui ka poliitiline mõte. Seega on need riigid otsustanud ootamise kasuks. (IHT, 4.12) the economic growth. According to economic experts those steps would not make sense, neither economically nor politically. Hence those states have decided to wait. (IHT, 4.12) Tallink Läänemere valitseja Eesti laevafirma Tallink ostis ameerika grupilt Sea Containers oma peamise konkurendi Silja Line i kuus laeva. Tehing, mis tegi Tallinkist Läänemere suurima meretranspordi ettevõtte, läks firmale maksma 470 miljonit eurot. (La Tribune, 13.06) Tallink the ruler of the Baltic sea Estonian shipping company Tallink bought 6 of the ships used by its main competitor Silja Line from an American group Sea Containers. The transaction which made Tallink the biggest sea transport company in the Baltic Sea cost the company EUR 470 million. (La Tribune, 13.06) Eestlaste Tallinkist saab Läänemere valitseja. Tallink tõuseb Silja ostuga Läänemere juhtivaks laevakompaniiks. Tallinki kasv on olnud hämmastavalt kiire. Edu saladus on konkurentidest madalamad kulud. Eestlastest meeskonna palgad on vaid murdosa Soome laevakompaniide makstavatest palkadest. Silja Tallink becomes the ruler of the Baltic Sea. After the purchase of Silja Tallink becomes the leading shipping company on the Baltic Sea. The growth of Tallink has been amazingly fast. The secret of the success is lower costs than the competitors. The salaries of Estonian crew are only a fraction of the salaries paid in Finnish shipping companies. Trans- 44

10 EDUKAS MAJANDUS BLOSSOMING ECONOMY 2006 siirdumine Tallinkile tähendab kulude tõusu, kuna Tallink ei soovi vähemalt esialgu hakata Meremeeste Ametiühinguga võitlema. Silja ost ei ole väike suutäis võlgades olevale Tallinkile. (HS, 13.06) fer of Silja to Tallink results in the increase in costs since at least at the beginning Tallink does not wish to compete with the Trade Union of Seafarers. Purchase of Silja is quite a small mouthful for Tallink which is struggling with its debts. (HS, 13.06) Silja siirdumine eestlastele on suursündmus Läänemere reisiliikluses. Samas tõestab see, et ka Eesti firmad suudavad juba suuri ettevõtteid üle võtta. Eestlaste rünnak merel on edenenud väga kiiresti. Siiani on Soome firmad Eestis tegutsenud, tulevikus võib üha rohkem näha vastupidist suunda. Eestlaste jaoks on Läänemere vallutus ajalooline saavutus. (Kaleva, 13.06) Transfer of Silja to Estonians is a big event in the passenger traffic of the Baltic states. At the same time it proves that also Estonian enterprises are able to take over big companies. Attack of Estonians at sea has progressed very fast. Until now the Finnish companies have been operating in Estonia, in the future the opposite direction will be used. For Estonia, conquering the Baltic Sea is a historical achievement. (Kaleva, 13.06) Silja Line i siirdumisega Tallinkile saab Eestist märkimisväärne mereriik. Tallink viib tehinguga järjekindlalt ellu oma kasvustrateegiat ning Läänemere vallutamist toetab Eesti maksusüsteem. Eesti näite põhjal võib öelda, et maksusüsteemil on oluline mõju laevakompaniide kasvule ja investeeringutele. (Kauppalehti, 13.06) Estonia becomes a remarkable maritime state with Silja transferred to Tallink. With this transaction, Tallink consistently implements its growth strategy and the Estonian tax system supports the conquest of the Baltic Sea. By the example of Estonia we could say that the tax system has an essential impact on the growth of shipping companies and investments. (Kauppalehti, 13.06) Eesti merekaubandus õitseb. Kaheksa aastaga on Tallinna sadama konteinerkaubanduse mahu kahekordistumine teinud linnast Peterburi ning Primorski järel Läänemere suuruselt kolmanda sadama. Eesti edukamateks laevandusfirmadeks on Saaremaa Laevakompanii ning Tallink. (La Tribune, 16.06) Estonian maritime trade is flourishing. Within eight years the doubled volume of the container trade of Tallinn port has made Tallinn the third port of the Baltic Sea after St. Petersburg and Primorski. The most successful shipping companies in Estonia are Saaremaa Laevakompanii and Tallink. (La Tribune, 16.06) Eesti laevakompanii Tallink on kasvanud ning võtnud üle juhtpositsiooni kogu Läänemerel. Kuna Baltikumi ja Põhjamaade vaheline kaubavahetus on oluliselt kasvanud, tellis Tallink uue ro-ro tüüpi universaalparvlaeva nimega Star, mis saab hakkama jää lõhkumisega ja läbib TallinnaHelsingi vahelise lõigu kahe tunniga. (DN, 30.12) Estonian shipping company Tallink has expanded and taken the leading position in the whole Baltic Sea. Since essentially the trading between the Baltic States and the Nordic countries has grown, Tallink has ordered a new ro-ro type universal ferry Star which is also able to break the ice and to pass the distance between Tallinn and Helsinki in two hours. (DN, 30.12) 45

11 2006 PILK PEEGLISSE GLANCE AT THE MIRROR Majanduskasvuga kaasnes kinnisvarabuum Tallinnast on saamas uus Hongkong, kus kinnisvarahindade aastane tõus küünib 70 protsendini. Mõned ostjad maksavad tuhandeid naelu korterite eest, mida nad kunagi ei näe, riigis, kus nad kunagi pole käinud. Teised loodavad korterite üürimisest kasu saada. Kohalikud ei ole brittide saabumise üle just väga õnnelikud. Aastatel tõusid majahinnad kolmekordseks, kuid palgad ainult kahekordistusid. (The Guardian, 13.03) Economic growth accompanied by real estate boom Tallinn is becoming the new Hongkong where the yearly increase of the real estate prices reaches 70%. Some buyers pay thousands of pounds for the apartments that they have never seen, in the state where they have never been. The others hope to gain profit from renting out the apartments. The locals are not very happy about the arrival of Britons. In prices of the houses tripled, but the salaries only doubled. (The Guardian, 13.03) aastal tõusid Eesti kinnisvarahinnad arvatavasti kõige kiiremini maailmas. Tallinnas tõusis ruutmeetri hind aastaga protsenti. Äärelinnades küsitakse ruutmeetrilt 1500 eurot ning vanalinnas 4000 eurot. Leidub kõrgemaidki hindu Tallinna südalinna kerkivates kaksiktornides ulatub ruutmeetri hind 8000 euroni. Vaatamata suurele laenukoormusele on eestlase elamispind inimese kohta pea poole väiksem Lääne-Euroopa keskmisest kui eestlane elab keskeltläbi 23 ruutmeetril, siis keskmine eurooplane elab 46 ruutmeetri suurusel pinnal. (La Tribune, 26.06) In 2005 the Estonian real estate prices probably grew faster than anywhere else in the world. The price of a square metre increased by 30 50% a year. In suburbs the square metre price is EUR 1500 and in Old Town it is EUR There are even higher prices the price for one square metre in the twin towers in the heart of Tallinn reaches EUR Despite a high loan burden the living space per capita of Estonians is almost half of the Western European average when an Estonian lives on an average of 23 square metres, then an average European lives on 46 square metres. (La Tribune, 26.06) Ehituskulud kasvavad Tallinnas rekordilise kiirusega. Materjalide hinnad on kasvanud poole aasta jooksul koguni 50 protsenti. Kruntide hinnad Tallinna kesklinnas on tõusnud ebarealistlikult kõrgele ning ehitajaid ja ehitusmaterjale pole piisavalt. Kallinemise põhjuseks on Eesti kiire majanduskasv, madalad maksud, kiiresti kasvavad palgad ja liberaalne laenupoliitika. (Kauppalehti, 7.12) The construction costs are increasing with record-breaking speed. Material prices have risen even 50% in half a year. The prices of plots in the centre of Tallinn have risen unrealistically high and there are not enough construction workers or materials. The reasons are the fast economic growth in Estonia, low taxes, fast growing salaries and liberal loan policy. (Kauppalehti, 7.12) 46

12 EDUKAS MAJANDUS BLOSSOMING ECONOMY 2006 Leedu tuumajaam Kaks aastat pärast ühinemist ELiga soovivad Balti riigid energiaisolatsioonist välja murda. Kuna teised liikmesriigid ei ole nende energeetilise haavatavusega arvestanud, on kolm riiki käinud välja ühise tuumaelektrijaama idee. Veebruaris allkirjastasid Eesti, Läti ja Leedu peaministrid kokkuleppe, millega väljendatakse tahet arendada ühist energiastrateegiat. Võimalik tuumaelektrijaam ehitataks Leetu ning see valmiks aastaks. (Le Monde, 23.03) Lithuanian nuclear power plant Two years after accessing the EU the Baltic States wish to break out of the energy isolation. Since the other Member States have not considered their energy vulnerability, the three states have introduced the idea of a joint nuclear power plant. In February the Prime Ministers of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania signed an agreement expressing a will to develop a common energy strategy. The possible nuclear power plant is to be built in Lithuania and it would be ready by (Le Monde, 23.03) Kolm Balti riiki hakkavad tegema koostööd uue tuumaelektrijaama rajamisel Ignalinasse. Ettepanek investeerida antud projekti tehakse Lietuvos Energijale, Latvenergole ja Eesti Energiale. Investeeringud ulatuvad 2 3 miljardi euroni, mis on suur summa riikidele, kus on vähe kapitali. Seetõttu näeb plaan ette suuri rahasüste väljastpoolt. Balti riikide peaministrite avalduses nimetatakse tuumajaama üheks julgeolekuriski vähendamise abinõuks. Kolm riiki soovivad tugevamat energiavõrkude integratsiooni Balti riikide ja ülejäänud Euroopa vahel. (Aftenposten, 8.03) Three Baltic States will be cooperating on building a new nuclear power plant to Ignalina. A proposal to invest into this project has been made to Lietuvos Energija, Latvenergo and Eesti Energia. Investments amount to EUR 2 3 billion which is a big sum for the states with little capital. Hence the plan foresees big money injections from outside. The statement of the Prime Ministers of the Baltic States calls the nuclear power plant one of the means for diminishing the security risk. The three states wish stronger integration of energy networks between the Baltic States and rest of Europe. (Aftenposten, 8.03) Taani peaminister Anders Fogh Rasmussen nõustub, et igal riigil on õigus ise oma energiaga varustamist korraldada. Vastusena võimalikule uuele energiakriisile Euroopas on rida riike alustanud investeerimist moodsatesse aatomienergiajaamadesse. Leedus asuv Ignalina jaam suletakse varsti, Eesti valitsusjuht Andrus Ansip ütles, et kavas on uue tuuma jaama ehitus. Küsimus pole selles, kas see meile meeldib või mitte. Aatomienergia hind on kaks korda odavam kui tuule-energial. Taanis on tuule-energia populaarne, kuid on Danish Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen agrees that each state has the right to organise its the energy supplies. As a response to a possible new energy crisis in Europe a number of states have started to invest into new modern nuclear power plants. The Ignalina station in Lithuania will soon be closed down and Estonian prime minister Andrus Ansip said that there is a plan to build a new nuclear station. The issue is not whether we like it or not. The price of atomic energy is two times cheaper than the wind-energy. In Denmark wind energy is popular but there are also safe 47

13 2006 PILK PEEGLISSE GLANCE AT THE MIRROR olemas ka ohutuid uraani töötlevaid aatomienergiajaamu Kanadas ja Austraalias, ütles Ansip. (Politiken, 24.03) Poola osaleb Balti riikide kavandatud tuumajaama rajamises, sealjuures soovib Poola jaama valmimist enne kavandatud tähtaega ehk aastat. Eesti ja Läti suhtuvad ajakava muutmisesse skeptiliselt. Huvi projekti vastu on üles näidanud ka Saksa, Rootsi ja Prantsuse ettevõtted. (Der Standard, 9.12) uranium processing nuclear power stations in Canada and Australia, said Ansip. (Politiken, 24.03) Poland participates in building the nuclear power station which has been planned by the Baltic States, thereat Poland wishes to complete the station before the year 2015 which has been set as deadline. Estonia and Latvia are sceptical about the change in the schedule. German, Swedish and French companies have also showed interest in the project. (Der Standard, 9.12) Eesti geoloogid usuvad, et Eesti vajab oma uraanitööstust ja et Põhja-Eestis leiduvat uraani tasuks ära kasutada. Eesti uraanivarusid hinnatakse Euroopa suurimateks, samas maailma uraanivarud vähenevad ning tuumajõule pole suudetud leida tõsiseltvõetavat alternatiivi. (ESS, 8.05) Estonian geologists believe that Estonia needs its own uranium industry and that uranium found in North Estonia should be used. Estonian uranium supplies are considered to be the biggest in Europe. However, the uranium supplies in the world are diminishing and no viable alternative for atomic energy has been discovered. (ESS, 8.05) Estlink Baltikumi esimene ühendus ELi energiaturuga Baltimaad on vähendanud oma sõltuvust Venemaa energiatarnetest, avades esimese ühendusliini, mis seob neid ELi elektrituruga. 105 km pikkune Estlink võimaldab elektrienergia transporti ühelt poolt Balti riikide ning teisalt Soome, Rootsi, Taani ja Norra vahel. Projekti kogumaksumus on 110 miljonit eurot. Veealune kaabel, mis kulgeb Eestis asuva Harku ja Soomes asuva Espoo vahel, on võimeline vahendama kuni 350 MW ulatuses elektrit. (FT, 5.12) Estlink The first Baltic connection to EU energy market The Baltic States have reduced their dependence on the energy supplies from Russia by opening the first interconnection linking them with the EU electricity market. The 105 km long Estlink enables the transport of electricity between the Baltic States on one side and Finland, Sweden, Denmark and Norway on the other. The total cost of the project is EUR 10 million. The underwater cable running between Harku in Estonia and Espoo in Finland is capable of transferring electricity up to 350 MW. (FT, 5.12) Norra võib importida Euroopa määrdunuimat energiat. Eestis toodetakse praktiliselt kogu energia põlevkivist, mis jätab tohututes kogustes tuhka ja paiskab üle kolme korra rohkem süsihappegaasi atmosfääri, kui seda teeb maagaasist elektri tootmine. Estlink on uue Norway can now import the dirtiest energy in Europe. In Estonia practically all energy is produced from oil shale, which produces huge amounts of ashes and emits three times more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere than the producing of electricity from natural gas. Estlink is the name of a 48

14 EDUKAS MAJANDUS BLOSSOMING ECONOMY 2006 Tallinna ja Helsingit ühendava merekaabli nimi, mis on Baltikumi esimene taoline ühendus Läänega. Me teame, et meil tekib palju keskkonnakahjulikke jääke, kuid me tegeleme suure uuendusprogrammiga. Kümne aasta pärast plaanime täita kõiki meile ELi poolt ette antud kriteeriume, ütles Eesti Energia aseesimees Dmitri Lipatov. (VG, 31.10) new sea cable connecting Tallinn and Helsinki. It is the first among that kind of connections with the West. We know that we have plenty of environmentally hazardous residues but we are dealing within a big innovation programme. In ten years we plan to complete all criteria set for us by EU, said the Vice Chairman of Eesti Energia Dmitri Lipatov. (VG, 31.10) Energiajulgeolekust Eesti ekspeaminister Mart Laar, Läti ekspeaminister Guntars Krasts, Leedu ekspresident Vytautas Landsbergis ja endine Poola peaminister Jerzy Buzek rõhutasid ELi energiapoliitika tähtsust. UkrainaVenemaa gaasikonflikt näitas, et energiaturvalisus on tõsine probleem. Euroopa Liit peaks üles näitama poliitilist tahet, kindlustamaks oma territooriumi varustamine energiaga. Uute gaasijuhtmete ehitamine Venemaa ja Euroopa vahel võib probleemide kaotamise asemel neid hoopis juurde tuua. (FT, 17.01) Energy security Former Prime Minister of Estonia Mart Laar, former Prime Minister of Latvia Guntars Krasts, former Prime Minister of Lithuania Vytautas Landsbergis and former Prime Minister of Poland Jerzy Buzek emphasised the importance of EU energy policy. The gas conflict between Ukraine and Russia showed that the energy safety is a serious problem. European Union should show political will to ensure its territory with energy supply. Building a new gas line between Europe and Russia may create problems instead of solving them. (FT, 17.01) Pärast Läänemere gaasitrassi kavade avalikustamist on energeetiline julgeolek muutunud olulisimaks poliitiliseks teemaks Baltimaades. Algirdas Brazauskas, Aigars Kalvitis ja Andrus Ansip kavandavad ühist kontseptsiooni. Brazauskas märkis, et ELi kavad energialiidu loomisest Läänemere ümber ei toimi, kuna EL ei mõista regiooni energiaprobleeme. Sestap on vaja arendada kohapealseid alternatiive. (SZ, 1.03) After the disclosure of the Baltic sea gas line plans, the energy-related security has become most important political issue in the Baltic states. Algirdas Brazauskas, Aigars Kalvitis and Andrus Ansip are planning a common concept. Brazauskas noted that the plans of the EU to create an energy association around the Baltic sea are not efficient as EU does not understand the energy problems of the region. That s why the local alternatives should be developed. (SZ, 1.03) Hinnašokk polnud baltlaste jaoks üllatus Gazprom tegutseb ootuspäraselt. Ja sõltuvust Venemaa energiast on Eestis, Lätis ja Leedus üsna raske vähendada. Eesti katab Vene nafta ja gaasi abil umbes kolmandiku oma energiavajadustest, kuid põlevkivi on kohutavalt The price shock was not a surprise for the Baltic people Gazprom acts in an expected manner. It is quite hard to reduce the dependence of Russian energy in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Estonia covers about a third of its energy need by the means of oil and gas from Russia but oil 49

15 2006 PILK PEEGLISSE GLANCE AT THE MIRROR keskkonnavaenulik ja ebaefektiivne energiaallikas. (FR, 29.11) shale is enormously environment-unfriendly and ineffective as an energy source. (FR, 29.11) Gazprom ei saa endiste NSV Liidu vabariikidega kuidagi gaasitarnete lepinguid sõlmitud. Kümme päeva enne aasta lõppu oli aastaks sõlmitud lepingud üksnes Ukraina ja Armeeniaga. Teiste tarbijatega, välja arvatud Läti ja Eestiga, ei ole lepingute sõlmimist niipea ette näha. (Vremja Novostei, 21.12) Gazprom cannot conclude the gas supply agreements with former Soviet republics. Ten days before the end of the year the agreements for 2007 were concluded only with Ukraine and Armenia. With other consumers except Latvia and Estonia the conclusion of agreements cannot be expected for long. (Vremja Novostei, 21.12) Tööjõu vaba liikumine Eestist ei tule suurt tööjõu tormijooksu Soome pärast seda, kui Soome kaotab mais tööjõu vaba liikumise piirangud. Hansapanga Majandusanalüütiku Maris Lauri arvates võib Soome tööle minna kümme kuni kakskümmend tuhat inimest. Soome Ettevõtluse Keskliidu hinnangul töötab praegu Soomes umbes viis tuhat eestlasest ehitajat. Eestis on juba nüüd tööjõupuudus. Eesti tööandjate keskliidu juhataja Tarmo Kriisi sõnul on olukord Eestis lootusetu ja võib minna vaid halvemaks. (HS, 22.04) Balti riikide elanike seas on üha rohkem neid, kes lähevad võõrsile varandust teenima. Kui miski seda trendi ümber ei pööra, võib nende riikide rahvastik aastaks Eurostati hinnangul tunduvalt väheneda. Emigratsiooniga kaasneb ka struktuurne tööjõupuudus. Kõigist sektoritest enim kannatab tööjõu vähesuse all jõudsasti arenev ehitustööstus. Lisaks rahale meelitavad Balti riikide elanikke välismaale tööle paremad töötingimused. (Les Echos, 24.08) Free movement of workers There will be no enormous work force flow to Finland after the latter abolishes the limitations to free movement of labour. The economy analyst Maris Lauri from Hansapank thinks that from ten to twenty thousand people may go to work to Finland. According to the estimates of the Central Association of Finnish Entrepreneurs, approximately five thousand Estonian builders work in Finland. There is a shortage of employment already now in Estonia. Tarmo Kriis, the Chairman of Estonian Employers Confederation says that the situation in Estonia is hopeless and can only get worse. (HS, 22.04) There are more and more people in the Baltic States who go to find their fortune abroad. If nothing reverses that trend, the population of those states can diminish substantially by 2050 according to estimations of Eurostat. Structural unemployment is growing with emigration. Lack of work force influences the developing construction industry the most. In addition to money, better working conditions attract people of the Baltic States to work abroad. (Les Echos, 24.08) Pärast liitumist ELiga otsivad paljud eestlased tööd Soomes. Soome mängureegleid tutvustavad neile Eesti ametühingud Tallinna After joining the EU, many Estonians seek work in Finland. Estonian Trade Unions are making them familiar with Finnish patterns in the Tallinn 50

16 EDUKAS MAJANDUS BLOSSOMING ECONOMY 2006 infokeskuses. Infokeskuse idee sündis Soome ametühingutel, kes polnud rahul Soome suunduvate eestlaste teadmatusega. Kuna Eestis valitseb ultraliberaalne majandussüsteem ning ametiühingutel on nõukogude ajast peale märk küljes, on Eesti ametühingud alles soomlaste õpipoisteks. Nimetatud nõustamiskeskuses ei käi nõu järel ainult töövõtjad, vaid sageli ka mõlema maa tööandjad. (Deutsche Welle, 1.10) information centre. Finnish Trade Unions created the idea of the info centre. They were not satisfied by the ignorance of people going to work in Finland. Since there is an ultraliberal economic system in Estonia and the trade unions have a certain reputation from the Soviet times, Estonian trade unions are the apprentices of the Finns. Not only the employees but often also the employers of both countries seek advice in that counselling centre. (Deutsche Welle, 1.10) Suur hulk Balti riikide noori lahkub välismaale, et seal oma õnne leida kannatab aga Baltimaade majandus. Läti, Leedu ja mõningal määral ka Eesti rahvastikuarv kahaneb teiste ELi riikidega võrreldes kõige kiiremini. Välja rändavad neist maadest just noored, hea väljaõppe saanud aktiivsed inimesed. (FAZ, 28.07) Lots of young people from the Baltic States go abroad to find their fortune there but the economy of the Baltic States is dealing with the consequences. The populations of Latvia, Lithuania and to some extent Estonia are diminishing at a pace which is among the fastest in the EU. Especially well-trained active young people tend to emigrate. (FAZ, 28.07) Investeeringud Eestisse Eesti jõudsalt kasvav majandus ning suurenevad tööjõukulud võivad lähiaastatel vähendada investorite huvi riigi vastu. Siiani on tootlus kasvanud kiiremini kui palgad ning tööjõukulud on püsinud kontrolli all. Kui viis aastat tagasi tasus Eestisse tulla odavate tööjõukulude tõttu, siis nüüd on vaid selle pärast Eestisse tulek lühinägelik. Eesti Panga hinnangul jätkub majanduskasv veel paar aastat, kuid veidi kaugemas tulevikus võib olukord muutuda. (Kauppalehti, 16.01) Investments into Estonia Rapidly growing economy and increasing labour costs can in the near future decrease the investors interest to the state. Until now the rate of return has increased faster than the salaries and the labour costs are under control. If five years ago coming to Tallinn due to cheap labour costs was worthwhile then now it is short sighted to come to Estonia only for that reason. According to the estimates of Eesti Pank, the economic growth will increase for a couple of years the situation can change in more distant future. (Kauppalehti, 16.01) Rootsi ettevõtetel on suur huvi Eesti vastu aastal rajati Eestis üle 900 ettevõtte 27 protsenti rohkem kui aasta varem. Eesti on muutumas üha huvitavamaks turuks Rootsi ettevõtjatele, eriti suurt huvi tunnevad hulgija jaekauplejad. Vastavalt Rootsi Ekspordinõukogule on see kindel märk sellest, et Eesti ei Swedish companies have big interest towards Estonia. In 2005 more than 900 companies were established 27% more than a year ago. For a Swedish entrepreneur Estonia is becoming more and more interesting. Wholesale and retail sales people are showing especially big interest. According to Swedish Export Council it is a clear 51

17 2006 PILK PEEGLISSE GLANCE AT THE MIRROR paku huvi enam vaid tootmisbaasina, vaid on muutunud huvitavaks ekspordituruks. Eestis on ideaalne alustada uutel ja noortel disaineritel, kes otsivad tootmispartnerit väljastpoolt Rootsit. (SvD, 22.03) sign that Estonia does not arouse interest only as a production base but it has also become an interesting export market. Outside Sweden, Estonia is a perfect place for new and young designers to look for a production partner (SvD, 22.03) Prantsusmaa Sotsialistliku Partei arvates tuleb maksustamisel eristada ettevõtteid, kes reinvesteerivad kasumi firmasse ning teisi, kes maksavad dividende. Küsimusele, kas selline tegutsemine pärsib konkurentsi, vastab ühe Pariisi ülikooli professor Agnès Benassy-Quéré Eestile viidates, et selline süsteem konkurentsi ei kahjusta, vaid hoopis soodustab investeerimist ja meelitab ligi välisinvesteeringuid. Lisaks on see alternatiiv ettevõtte laenukoormuse suurendamisele. (Le Figaro, 5.07) According to French Socialist Party, the companies who reinvest the profit into the company and the ones who pay dividends should be differentiated. Referring to Estonia, a professor of one French university Agnès Benassy-Quéré answers the questions whether such action hinders the competition that this system does not harm competition but it favours the investment and attracts foreign investments. It is also an alternative for increasing the loan burden of the company. (Le Figaro, 5.07) Eesti infotehnoloogia pioneer Mis on ühist Hotmailil, Skype il ja KaZaal? Õige vastus: kõik kolm infotehnoloogia raketti on loonud eestlased. Eesti on infotehnoloogia pioneer siin leidsid aset esimesed e-valimised, siin arendati tänaseks miljardeid dollareid maksvad internetiportaalid Eesti hämmastab oma tehnoloogilise dünaamilisusega aasta lõpu seisuga oli 98 protsendil eestimaalastest mobiiltelefon, 55 protsenti kasutas internetti ning 32 protsendil peredest oli kodus internetiühendus. Viimane Eesti valitsuse IT-alane töövõit on digitaalallkirjaga ID-kaart. Sellise isikutunnistusega saab teha kõiki pangatehinguid, kontrollida valitsusasutuste kodulehekülgedel isikuandmeid ning osaleda valimistel. (La Tribune, 25.01) Estonia pioneer in information technology What is in common for Hotmail, Skype and KaZaa? The correct answer: All three information technology rockets have been founded by Estonians. Estonia is a pioneer of information technology here the first e-elections took place, here the million dollar Internet portals were developed Estonia astonishes with its technological dynamics. In the end of 2005, 98% of Estonians had mobile phones, 55% used Internet and 32% of families had Internet connection at home. The latest triumph of Estonian government in the IT-field was the ID card with digital signature. One can make all bank transactions, check the personal data on the websites of government institutions and participate in the elections with such card. (La Tribune, 25.01) Soome väike sõsarriik Eesti on juurutanud modernse internetikaubanduse, mida suurriigidki ainult kadestada võivad. Tänaseks suhtleb A small sister state of Finland has introduced a modern Internet trading envied even by the big states. Already 72% of Estonian population 52

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