sse "'~.. MON NATIONAL RELIEF COMMITTEE ]lily 1 96

Transcription

1 "'~.. sse mm.n. R. C MON NTONL RELEF COMMTTEE MO TH Y EPORT ]lly 1 96

2 THE F1E PON1S OF THE invi OF THE MON NTONL REr.EF CONllvl lee 1. Resettlement of the refugees who become homeless due to the oppression of Rangoon military regllne. 2. To help for the welfare of the refugees who become jobless due to t~e oppression of Rangoon military regllne..3. To take care and look after the health of the refugees To fight against illiteracf for t~e childre...tl in the re...fugees camps.... '"'r' ~ 1 h' J. 10 saugg~e.lor numan ng.. S...

3 The Organization of The Mon National Relief Committee 1. Phra W ongsa Pala - Chairman 2. Nai Shwe Thein - Tice-Chairman 3. Nai Banya Leir - Secretary 4. Nai Kasauh Mon - Joint-Secretary 5. Nai Chit Nyunt - Member 6. Nai Don Htaw - Member 7. Phra Tav '" Jae - 1,1ember

4 Monthly Report of Mon National Relief Committee (July, 1996) The Railway Construction, in a Standstill Since ugust of 1995, the 110 mile long railway construction was started from a one month stanstill and the local inhabitant in the area have been constantly conscripted as forced labourers in the construction. n ugust 1995, the authorities who have responsibility for the construction decided shifting new track and abandon some part of the railway. t the same time, they conscripted forced labours to complete the embankment of railway part from Yebyu to Kalein ung. n rotation basis, each family have to provide manual labours for 2 weeks period in each month since then. They have to provid manual labours back-breaking works under the appalling conditions with shortage of foods, pure water and sanitation and etc.,. The construction authorities never provided any payment to villagers and they have to treat with their own spense when they got sick. They have no chance to stop even hard rain or hot sunshire and if someone sick, the family had to substitute with another one or to pay hiring charges to the authorities. n some villages, their one family members could not complete the piece of work that was defined by the construction authorities and more family members had to help to complete in defined time. When the time have to work for the whole family survival, the women and chirdren left in homes have to work in the construction. n that railway construction, the villagers from Ye, Thanbuzayat were also conscripted to work but in short period at least 2 weeks. Town residents from the whole Mon State and Tenasserim Division have to provide donation for the railway construction. Concerning to railway construction, it is definitely related to construction of gas pipeline which passes through the railway in Kalein ung. To facilitate security and necessities for gas pipeline construction, the SLORC has been hurry up to complete this construction and adopted respective year projects. long the construction was worked with manual labours, the embarkment could be collapsed in rainy season and the local conscripts had to repair it again and that was why the time took long. ccording to NMSP authorities and local community, the railway construction was came into a standstill since second week of June. The SLORC construction authorities did not conscript the local inhabitants since then, all the conscripts returned back to their villages and started their rice farm cultivation and ploughed the land. ccoding to the commander and in the area, they told to villagers they will not use villagers to provide labours next year and the military will construct the railway by themselves.

5 nalysis on Population Movement in Burma fter state power was transfered from BSPP (Burmese Socialist Programme Party) to SLORC (State Law and Order Restoration Council), by pretending seizure of power, the Burma has been suppressed under consistent military yoke. The living condition of the rural and urban population have been terribly worsen and the situation was serious in hardship for them since 1980s. dditionally, the burden tax collection by the government on civilians is as a normal. The one mal.. typical tax in the ethnic rural areas is porter fee and each family has to pay the military from 500 Kyat up to 2000 Kyat. n the rural areas, when the government troops launched a military offensive to the rebels, the troops' particular practices are to collect porter fees or porters in villages of white area, where the rebels could not control and organize the people, and in free fire zone of black area, the troops could treat to villagers as they like. The human rights abuses such as killing and torture, confiscation of belongings, burning villages and reprisals to the villagers widespreadly violated by local troops. n particular, the whole population in the black area are always accused as supporters of armed oppositions. Because of such human rights abuses, local ethnic community has been shattered and the half of total population in some areas, especially Yebyu Township, has been displaced or dislocated to several areas where the SLORC troops could not reach. monst the displaced population in Mon areas, less than 25% arrived to the border refugee camps while other displaced persons joined their relatives who stay in other areas to avoid the conscription of forced labours. Many percentage have illegally entered into Thailand by crossing border from Ranong. The population who left in their villages have no choice and would not like to abandon their livestocks and belongings. Because of mismanagement of economic in military style socialism in Burma, it came into effects to urban population including government servants to remain in hardships for survival. t the same time, they also have to pay the government authorities in several kinds of tax such as development, municiple, security, portering fees, construction and etc.,. n sometime, they also forced town residents to provide porters when they launched big offensive and as they hoped the arrested porters in the rural areas would not be enough to carry their belongings and ammunitions. When the SLORC came into power, the living conditions of both rural and urban population have been more terrible. s the SLORC has attempted to achieve legitimate role in the international community, it has implemented several kinds of infrastructure construction projects without receiving assisted loans from World Bank or MF. n the whole Burma, the civilians are forced to work in their constructions in appalling conditions without payment and medical treatments, under the name of serving voluntary labours. While they were in harship for survival, at the same time, they also have to prove free labour and then, their living conditions have been poorer and poorer. Eventhough the SLORC adopted a policy for "Open market economy", the policy did not come into practice as the political problems in Burma have not been solved yet. Some foreign invesments also withdrew from Burma becasue of unstable situation and government's human rights violations.

6 For both rural and urban communities,.in this situation they have been in terrible, the most youngers and also some elders have attempted to illegaily enter into Thailand, to seek jobs for more income. The areas where the gross human rights abuses are for serious, the whole or half of village population have to abandon their village and displaced in somewhere or fled to the refugee camps and very little percent went into Thailand. For the urban, the young family members have to work as treaders or other business to cover the living charges of their famiy. On the other hand, some young boys whom their parent could not provide for the education or who could not survival in the native places have joined to the tatmadaw to work as Burmese soldiers, and then they find some more income in the frontline so called black area by lootinng the belongings of local people.

7 1 No THE REFUGEE POPULTON OF THE FOUR ClviP RE S FOLLOW (July, 1996) Camp Families dult Children Total M F M F 1 2,., J 4 Bee Ree Tavoy i i ! i Prachuab Halockhani i 1""'-'6 : '''"'''''''' : J ; /J.:J i! Total ':1:0... ~4 ':1:065 J.:JO rue lvlterls RECEVED BY TlE lvl0n NTONL RELEF COlVM1TTEE (July, 1996) Rice Fish Salt Bean No Organization Paste Remark (sack) (kg) (kg) (kg) 1 CO ERR ') Consortium Total

8 . ~. legend V'ge-:50 hollse! 0 V'ge ho~.! 0 Vllbg~ >200 R.~ell'emelll S., -- M.ln fool r~lh - 1 MOllnlaln C.r rood for dr y susan C3r R03d-V"o'~ yur -.-/-U- Railway S School '!osp"'" (K) " ror 50"1. K"re" '-"- borj., ~" '0 ~'''>& ~)(, ~~t N Map of Moulrneln D~lrlcl Resettlement site (Sep, 1995) Distance! ' l000i lfllj n.. e! r"go"~ r"~! 10 C,nttng Zone. ~ 't! "'0'1< n".h O"n~rl"l tn rollgbl". 6,.. S 1'311< 'hlo("""nllo fhl.h DOllp'ml. hr,.11< Dnleh Domp",,1 10 Ched.1t. 8 h! ",.11< 2000/ 2or'<1/ r / / L"' / ' // 'MR~ '1, / 1t~Hl/ / 1(Xl/ (" ',,1 / ) -1,,,, J J /.J /. j.,(t / --:>-- (:t't llllo', - h'-j' 10110/ (,, ~, ", 1) 2000/ t, 2000/ <".-",on.~~ 00/, ~:r::q5 /~ ".,ohl<.,'.1" ~ -e - -, 0" ""'. -"'''''::/ '@~"~:~. " ~ ) 111.,"'" "''''''~'. --~.' ~- - ~ - ~- - -n;nl.,! "'''8 ) 1n / Thailand lnoa/

9 / _... ~/ "'~~~ -.. Vllbgo< : Legend.---"" housu 0 Vllhge hou~e, 0 V,S" >200 Reselllemenl 511., M.ln rool palh - / Mounl.ln C.r road ror dry 5.'50n Cnr Road-whole yur R,""y -.HJ <:11001 losrll 1 (n". f ~ Border -! - ~," /! For SOY. K.ren / Mop of Ye River Resettlement slle (Nov, 1995) / /" Mn lia (K) --~-.--- ~on(k) N ""7. <wauk 031(lq -- - To tht. ".Rod.P,,,.~~ ~ if./----. / / if( - 0/ Thailand "'r:& ' "-~ ~,, "" rl",,!!" 0,,, /; ~/7 cj'--:~y,.(> ", We Pol, S -.~/ o 1',1'.'g Kynll<, 5 --,nl ~~c"aul'f, ~...-' ~..?./ ~ / 1 'G- 1 ~ - {!.! / / / Distances / /0 lapr." 10 Nyl Sa ~ 30 ntln Vnlk H)' N'ln~ r.rng - 15 ",n,,-,l< 11"l11g 1' ,nl - ~ rs ",.1., '-rl S3 fo y@ - c,y ",.k (lrl3h,s hy 1:001 Ye 10 Nyl5~ by bo,1 / / / NaungPemg POllg K.tt1ar ~)' Sa, 5 ~o (.'t--.'. o -~~~~ O~JoJ-hF'- / - :~,. -,......!,.!.~ :" _!.~_., _, :::,. --"7"'~~_-lL_-'" --

10 Map of Tavoy Distiict Resettlement site (Nov, 1995) i! +T T 'f.f,,, / "'0 C cts- Lagend / Villa~e<SO houses o o Villioge >200 R...rtement Sites _ Villa~e 5G-LOO house M~iootpam Mounl2U Co.rroaci for dry susan Co.r R~hole year ~ RoWway S H Schoo.l HOSDltai (K) FO%' 50'1'. KMen '-...- Border Distances N, T 1 t t± / P:1yaw to rao Done- 5!us walk J:10 Done to tfu.9 Seii; 1 days walk Hlae SoU: to Jescan - :!us will; Jao Done 10 YaiJu -10 m waik ~

11 Map of Mergui Distri~ Resettlement Site (Nov. 1995) / ' / S H Lagend Vil1l~ houses Village hou5ll5 Village-:>200 houses Resettlement Sites Main foot.padt Mounrain Ur Road-whole yea&' Railway School Hospital For5O'YQ~ Camt>.> / ~' N.r~ Yen -r. TnailaJ.ld Both UmJ).e 2 are i:r oj, Kilometer from border Umt> 1 to Knmg Ham - S J<iJom«a"S N;un Y"t to bora.o!r - U <il.om--. Lmva 10 N~ Yen -:;:z KiomMon c..zz;p 2 to Ni Yen - S KllouMtms