UNIT ONE CORE READING. Waltz, Kenneth N., Laws and Theories, in Theory of International Politics, (New York: Random House, 1979).

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1 CENTRE FOR INTERNATIONAL POLITICS, ORGANISATION AND DISARMAMENT SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES JAWAHARLAL NEHRU UNIVERSITY THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (IO-601) MONSOON SEMESTER 2013 CLASS SCHEDULE: TUESDAY AND THURSDAY; A.M. 1 P.M. COURSE TEACHERS: DR SHIVAJI KUMAR (SECTION ON REALISM) DR J. MADHAN MOHAN (SECTIONS OTHER THAN REALISM) COURSE EVALUATION SECTION ON REALISM (DR SHIVAJI KUMAR) 25 % MID-SEMESTER EXAMINATION 25% ALL OTHER SECTIONS (DR J. MADHAN MOHAN) 75% MID-SEMESTER EXAMINATION 20% RESEARCH PAPER 20% END-SEMESTER EXAMINATION 35% The aim of this course is to introduce students to various theoretical perspectives in International Relations. Students will be expected to read, assimilate and critically engage with original writings of major scholars in the field. UNIT ONE INTRODUCTION Waltz, Kenneth N., Laws and Theories, in Theory of International Politics, (New York: Random House, 1979). Singer, David J., The Level-of-Analysis Problem in International Relations, World Politics, 14(1), 1961, pp Wight, Martin, Why is there no International Theory in James Der Derian (ed.), International Theory: Critical Investigations, (New York: New York University Press, 1995). Rosenau, James N., Thinking Theory Thoroughly as reproduced in Paul R.Viotti and Mark V. Kauppi, International Relations Theory (Longman, 2012). Elman, Colin and Miriam Fendius Elman (eds.), Progress in International Relations Theory: Appraising the Field, (Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2003). 1

2 Acharya, Amitav and Barry Buzan, Why is there no non-western IR Theory? An Introduction, International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 2007, 7(3), pp Smith, Steve, The United States and Discipline of International Relations: Hegemonic Country, Hegemonic Discipline, International Studies Review, 14(2), Summer 2002, pp Kaplan, Morton A., Problems of theory building and theory confirmation in International Politics, World Politics, 14(1), October, 1961, pp Harrison, Neil E., Thinking about the world we make in Neil E Harrison (ed.), Complexity in World Politics, (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2006). Hollis, Martin and Steve Smith, Explaining and Understanding International Relations, (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990). Jervis, Robert, Perception and Misperception in International Politics, (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976). REALISM UNIT TWO CLASSICAL REALISM Morgenthau, Hans J. Six Principles of Political Realism, Politics Among Nations, (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993), pp Carr, E.H., The Realist Critique, The Twenty Years Crisis , (New York: Palgrave, 1981), pp Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, (London: Penguin Books, 1954). Carr, E. H, The Twenty Years Crisis : An Introduction to the Study of International Relations (London: Macmillan, 1961). Morgenthau, Hans, Politics Among Nations, (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993). 2

3 UNIT THREE NEOREALISM Waltz, Kenneth N., Theory of International Politics, (New York: Random House, 1979). Waltz, Kenneth N., The Origins of War in Neorealist Theory, Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 18(4), Spring 1988, pp Waltz, Kenneth N., Realist Thought and Neorealist Theory, Journal of International Affairs, 44(1): pp at Layne, Christopher, The Unipolar Illusion Revisited: The Coming End of the United States Unipolar Moment, International Security, 31(2), pp Mearsheimer, John J., Back to the Future: Instability in Europe after the Cold War, International Security, 15(1), pp Waltz, Kenneth N., The Emerging Structure of International Politics, International Security 18(2), Autumn 1993, pp Wohlforth, William C., The Stability of a Unipolar World, International Security 24(1), Summer 1999, pp Layne, Christopher, The Unipolar Illusion: Why New Great Powers Will Rise, International Security, 17(4), Spring 1993, pp UNIT FOUR VARIANTS OF NEOREALISM: OFFENSIVE, DEFENSIVE, NEOCLASSICAL AND HEGEMONIC REALISM Zakaria, Fareed, Realism and Domestic Politics: A Review Essay, International Security, 17(1), Summer 1992, pp Rose, Gideon, Neoclassical Realism and Theories of Foreign Policy, World Politics 51(1), pp DiCicco, Jonathan M. and Jack S. Levy, The Power Transition Research Program: A Lakatosian Analysis in Colin Elman and Miriam Fendius Elman, (ed.) Progress in International Relations Theory: Appraising the Field, (Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2003). 3

4 Mearsheimer, John J., Anarchy and the Struggle for Power, The Tragedy of Great PowerPolitics (New York: W.W. Norton, 2001), pp Glaser, Charles L., Realists as Optimists: Cooperation as Self-Help, International Security 19(3), pp UNIT FIVE CLASSICAL POLITICAL THEORY AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Vincent, John R., The Hobbesian Tradition in Twentieth Century International Thought, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 10(2), 1981, pp Hurrell, Andrew, Kant and the Kantian Paradigm in International Relations, Review of International Studies,16(3), July 1990, pp Doyle, M., Kant, Liberal Legacies and Foreign Affairs, (2 parts), Philosophy and Public Affairs, 12(3 & 4), Brown, Chris, Terry Nardin and Nicholas Rengger (eds.), International Relations in Political Thought, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002). Jahn, Beate (ed.), Classical Theory in International Relations, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006). UNIT SIX LIBERALISM Keohane, Robert and Joseph Nye, Power and Interdependence, (London: Harper Collins, 1989). Oye, Kenneth A., Explaining Cooperation under Anarchy: Hypotheses and Strategies, World Politics, 38 (1), 1986, pp Moravcsik, Andrew, Taking Preferences Seriously: A Liberal Theory of International Politics, International Organization, 51(4), 1997, pp

5 Milner, Helen, The Assumption of Anarchy in International Relations Theory: A Critique, Review of International Studies, 17(1), January 1991, pp Krasner, Stephen D., Structural Causes and Regime Consequences: Regimes as Intervening Variables, International Organization, 36(2), reprinted in Krasner, Stephen D., (ed.), International Regimes, (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1982). Richardson, James, L., Contending Liberalisms- Past and Present, European Journal of International Relations, 3(1), March 1997, pp Powell, Robert, Duncan Snidal and Joseph Grieco, The Relative Gains Problem for International Cooperation, American Political Science Review, 87(3), Beate, Jahn, Liberal internationalism: from ideology to empirical theory and back again, International Theory, 1(3), 2009, pp Moravcsik, Andrew, (2010), Wahn,Wahn, Überall Wahn : A Reply to Jahn s critique of liberal internationalism, International Theory, 2(1), 2010, pp UNIT SEVEN RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY Snidal, Duncan, The Game Theory of International Politics, World Politics, 38(1): pp Jervis, Robert, Realism, Game Theory and Cooperation, World Politics, 40, April 1988, pp Lake, David and Robert Powell (eds.), Strategic Choice and International Relations, (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999). Kydd, Andrew, Trust, Reassurance, and Cooperation, International Organization, 54(2), 2000, pp Powell, Robert, Bargaining Theory and International Conflict, Annual Review of Political Science 5, 2002, pp Dixit, Avinash and Susan Skeath, Games of Strategy, (New York: W.W.Norton & Company, 2004). Axelrod, Robert, The Evolution of Cooperation, (New York, NY: Basic Books, 2006). 5

6 Downs, George W., David M. Rocke and Randolph M. Siverson, Arms Races and Cooperation, World Politics, 38(1), 1985, pp UNIT EIGHT MARXISM BACKGROUND READING Marx, Karl. and Engels, Friedrich, The Communist Manifesto, ed. Steadman Jones, G., (London: Penguin, 2002). Marx, Karl and Engels, Friedrich, The German Ideology, ed. Chris Arthur, (London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1974). Maclean, John, Marxism and International Relations: A Strange Case of Mutual Neglect, Millennium, 17(2), 1988, pp Brown, Chris, Marxism and international ethics in Terry Nardin and David R. Mapel (eds.) Traditions of International Ethics, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992). Halliday, Fred, A Necessary Encounter: Historical Materialism and International Relations in Rethinking International Relations, (Vancouver: UBC Press, 1994). Heine, Christian and Teschke, Benno, Sleeping Beauty and the Dialectical Awakening: On the Potential of Dialectic for International Relations, Millennium, 25(2), 1996, pp Gamble, Andrew (1999), Marxism after Communism: Beyond Realism and Historicism, Review of International Studies (25), 1999, pp Frank, Andre Gunder, The Development of Underdevelopment, Monthly Review, 1966 UNIT NINE ENGLISH SCHOOL Bull, Hedley, Society and Anarchy in International Relations in James Der Derian (ed.), International Theory: Critical Investigations, (New York: New York University Press, 1995). Little, Richard, The English School s Contribution to the Study of International Relations, European Journal of International Relations, 6(3), 2000, pp Linklater, Andrew and Hidemi Suganami, The English School of International Relations: A Contemporary Reassessment (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006). 6

7 Bull, Hedley, The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order in World Politics, (Hampshire: Palgrave, 1977). Buzan, Barry, From International System to International Society: Structural Realism and Regime Theory Meet the English School, International Organization, 47(3), 1993, pp Dunne, Tim (2003), Society and Hierarchy in International Relations, International Relations, 17(3), 2003, pp Little, Richard (1995), Neorealism and the English School: A Methodological, Ontological and Theoretical Reassessment, European Journal of International Relations, 1(1), 1995, pp Wheeler, Nicholas J. (1992), Pluralist and Solidarist Conceptions of International Society: Bull and Vincent on Humanitarian Intervention, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 21(3), 1992, pp Brown, Chris, International Theory and International Society: The Viability of the Middle Way?, Review of International Studies, 21,1995, pp UNIT TEN CONSTRUCTIVISM Wendt, Alexander, Anarchy is what States Make of it: The Social Construction of International Relations, International Organization, 46(2), Spring 1992, pp Ruggie, John Gerard, What makes the world hang together? Neo-utilitarianism and the Social Constructivist Challenge, International Organization, 52(4), Autumn 1998, pp Zehfuss, Maja, Constructivism in International Relations: The Politics of Reality, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004). Onuf, Nicholas, World of Our Making: Rules and Rule in Social Theory and International Relations, (Columbia: University of South California Press, 1989). Hopf, Ted, The Promise of Constructivism in International Relations Today, International Security, 23 (1), Summer 1998, pp Ruggie, John Gerard, Constructing the World Polity: Essays on international institutionalization (London: Routledge, 1998). 7

8 Wendt, Alexander, Social Theory of International Politics, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003). Kratochwil, Friedrich, Constructing a New Orthodoxy? Wendt s Social Theory of International Politics and the Constructivist Challenge, Millennium, 29(1), 2000, pp Checkel, Jeffrey, The Constructivist Turn in International Relations Theory, World Politics, 50(2), January 1998, pp Wendt, Alexander, The Agent-Structure Problem in International Relations Theory, International Organization, 41(3), 1987, pp Finnemore, Martha and Kathryn Sikkink, International Norm Dynamics and Political Change, International Organization, 52(4), Autumn 1998, pp Finnemore, Martha, Norms, culture and world politics: insights from sociology s institutionalism, International Organization, 50 (2), Spring 1996, pp UNIT ELEVEN FEMINISM Tickner, Ann J., Hans Morgenthau's Principles of Political Realism: A Feminist Reformulation, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 17(3), 1998, pp Tickner, Ann J., You Just Don t Understand: Troubled Engagements between Feminists and IR Theorists, International Studies Quarterly, 41(4), 1997, pp Waylen, Georgia, You still don t understand: why troubled engagements between feminism and (critical) IPE, Review of International Studies, 2006, 32(1), pp Weber, Cynthia, Good Girls, Little Girls, Bad Girls: Male Paranoia in Robert Keohane s Critique of Feminist International Relations, Millennium, 23(2), 1994, pp Tickner, Ann J., Gender in International Relations, (New York: Columbia University Press, 1992). Sylvester, Christine, Feminist Theory and International Relations in a Postmodern Era, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993). Enloe, Cynthia, Bananas, Beaches, and Bases: Making Feminist Sense of International Relations, (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989). 8

9 Carver, Terrell, Molly Cochran, and Judith Squires, Gendering Jones: Feminisms, IRs, Masculinities, Review of International Studies, 24(2), 1998, pp Jones, Adam, Does Gender Make the World Go Round? Feminist critiques of international relations, Review of International Studies, 22(4), 1996, pp Evangelista, Matthew, Rough-and-Tumble World: Men writing about gender and war Perspectives on Politics 1(2), 2003, pp Shephard, Laura, Loud Voices Behind the Wall: Gender Violence and the Violent Reproduction of the International, Millennium, 34(2), 2006, pp UNIT TWELVE NEO-MARXISM AND CRITICAL THEORY BACKGROUND READING Gramsci, Antonio, Selections from the Prison Notebooks, (London: Lawrence Wishart Limited, 1971). Habermas, Jurgen, The Theory of Communicative Action: Reason and the Rationalisation of Society (Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 1984). Habermas, Jurgen, A philosophical-political profile, New Left Review, I/151, May-June 1985, pp Habermas, Jurgen, The Theory of Communicative Action: The Critique of Functionalist Reason (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1989). Held, David, Introduction to Critical Theory: Horkheimer to Habermas, (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1990). Cox, Robert, Social Forces, States, and World Orders: Beyond International Relations Theory, Millennium: Journal of International Studies 10(2), 1981, pp Linklater, Andrew, Critical Theory and World Politics: Citizenship, Sovereignty and Humanity (London: Roultedge, 2007). Brown, Chris, Turtles all the Way Down: Antifoundationalism, Critical Theory and International Relations, Millennium, 23(2), 1994, pp See the Special Issue (Vol. 33/S1/2007) of Review of International Studies on Critical International Relations Theory after 25 years, especially, Rengger, Nicholas and Ben Thirkell-White, Still critical after all these years? The past, present and future of Critical Theory in International Relations, Review of International Studies, 33 (S1), April 2007, pp

10 Linklater, Andrew, Towards a sociology of global morals with an emancipatory intent, Review of International Studies, 33 (S1), April 2007, pp Cox, Robert, Gramsci, Hegemony and International Relations: An Essay in Method, Millennium, 12, 1983, pp Wallerstein, Immanuel, The Inter-State Structure of the Modern World-System, in Steve Smith, Ken Booth and Marysia Kalewski, (eds.), International Theory: Positivism & Beyond (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), pp Jones,Wyn (ed.), Critical Theory and World Politics (London: Lynne Rienner, 2001). Linklater, Andrew, Beyond Realism and Marxism: Critical Theory and International Relations, (London: Macmillan, 1990). Linklater, Andrew, Men and Citizens in the Theory of International Relations, (London: Macmillan, 1990). Linklater, Andrew, The question of the next stage: a critical theoretical point of view, Millennium 21(1), 1992, pp Rosenberg, Justin, The Empire of Civil Society, (London: Verson, 1994). Hoffman, Mark, Critical Theory and the Inter-Paradigm Debate, Millennium, 16(2), pp Linklater, Andrew, Discourse ethics and the civilizing processes, Review of International Studies, 31, 2005, pp Ashley, Richard K., The Poverty of Neorealism, International Organization, 38(2), spring 1984, pp UNIT THIRTEEN POST-STRUCTURALISM AND POST-MODERNISM George, Jim and David Campbell, Patterns of Dissent and the Celebration of Difference: Critical Social Theory and International Relations, International Studies Quarterly, 34(3), 1990, pp Ashley, Richard, Untying the Sovereign State: A Double Reading of the Anarchy Problematique, Millennium, 17(2), 1988, pp

11 Ashley, Richard, The achievements of post-structuralism in Steve Smith et.al. (eds.), International Theory: Positivism and Beyond, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), pp Der Derian, James and Michael J. Shapiro (eds.), International/Intertextual Relations: Postmodern Readings of World Politics, (Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, 1989). Devetak, Richard, The Project of Modernity and International Theory, Millennium, 24(1) 1995, pp Walker, R.B.J., International Relations and the Concept of the Political, in Ken Booth and Steve Smith (eds.), International Relations Theory Today, (London: Polity Press, 1995). Polat, Necati, Poststructuralism, Absence, Mimesis: Making Difference, Reproducing Sovereignty, European Journal of International Relations, 4 (4) 1998, pp Campbell, David, Poststructuralism in Dunne et al., International Relations Theories: Discipline and Diversity (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007). Campbell, David, Writing Security: US foreign policy and the politics of identity, (Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press, 1988). Walker, R.B.J., Inside/Outside: International Relations as Political Theory, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992). Ashley, Richard, Political Realism and Human Interests, International Studies Quarterly, 25(2), June 1981, pp Ashley, Richard, The Geopolitics of Geopolitical Space: Toward a Critical Social Theory of International Politics, Alternatives, 12(4), 1987, pp Coker, Christopher, Post-Modernity and the End of the Cold War: Has War Been Disinvented?, Review of International Studies, 18 (1992), pp UNIT FOURTEEN IR THEORY AND THE THIRD WORLD Ayoob, Mohammed, Inequality and Theorizing in International Relations: The Case for Subaltern Realism, International Studies Review, 4(3), 2002, pp ; Escude, Carlos, An Introduction to Peripheral Realism and Its Implications for the Interstate System in Stephanie G. Neuman, International Relations Theory and the Third World, (New York: St. Martin Press, 1998). 11

12 Tickner, Arlene B., Seeing IR Differently: Notes from the Third World, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 32 (2), June 2003, pp Tickner, Arlene B. Hearing Latin American Voices in IR, International Studies Perspectives, 4(3), 2003, pp Mazrui, Ali, Blood of Experience, the Failed State and Political Collapse in Africa, World Policy Journal 9(1), 1995, pp Russell, Roberto and Juan Gabriel Tokatlian, From Antagonistic Autonomy to Relational Autonomy: A Theoretical Reflection from the Southern Cone, Latin Politics and Society 45(1), 2003, pp Ayoob, Mohammed, The Third World Security Predicament: State Making, Regional Conflict and the International System (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1995). Sulayman, Abdul and Hamid A. Abu, Toward an Islamic Theory of International Relations, (Herndon, VA: International Institute of Islamic Thought, 1987). Aydlini, Ersel and Julie Mathews, Are the Core and the Periphery Irreconcilable? The Curious World of Publishing in Contemporary International Relations, International Studies Perspectives,1(3), 2000, pp Rosenau, James N, Superpower Scholars: Sensitive, Submissive, or Self-Deceptive? in James N. Rosenau (ed.), Global Voices: Dialogues in International Relations, (Boulder: Westview Press, 1993), pp UNIT FIFTEEN POST-COLONIALISM Seth, Sanjay, Postcolonial Theory and the Critique of International Relations, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 40 (1), 2011, pp Seth, Sanjay, Leela Gandhi and Michael Dutton, Postcolonial Studies: A Beginning... Postcolonial Studies, 1(1), 1998, pp Slater, David, Postcolonial Questions for Global Times, Review of International Political Economy, 5( 4), 1998, pp Spivak, Gayatri C. Can the subaltern speak? in C. Nelson and L. Grossberg (eds.), Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1988), pp Vasilaki, Rosa, 'Provincializing IR? Prospects and Deadlocks in post-western IR Theory', Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 41(1), 2012, pp

13 Ahluwalia, Pal, Politics and Post-Colonial Theory: African Inflections (New York: Routledge, 2001). Williams, Adebayo, The Postcolonial Flaneur and Other Fellow-Travellers: Conceits for a Narrative of Redemption, Third World Quarterly, 18(5), 1997, pp Darby, Philip and Albert J. Paolini, Bridging International Relations and Postcolonialism, Alternatives, 19(3), 1994, pp Gandhi, Leela, Postcolonial Theory: A Critical Introduction, (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1998). Krishna, Sankaran, Race, Amnesia and the Education of International Relations, Alternatives, 26(4), 2001, pp UNIT SIXTEEN NORMATIVE THEORY AND INTERNATIONAL ETHICS Rosenberg, Justin, The International Imagination: IR Theory and Classic Social Analysis, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 23(1), March 1994, pp Frost, Mervyn, The Role of Normative Theory in IR, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 23(1), March 1994, pp Smith, Steve, Singing Our World into Existence: International Relations Theory and September 11, International Studies Quarterly, 48, 2004, pp Cochran, Molly, Normative Theory and International Relations: International Ethics as Pragmatic Critique (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998). Frost, Mervyn, Ethics in International Relations, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996). Linklater, Andrew, Dialogue, Dialectic and Emancipation in International Relations at the End of the Post-War Age, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 23 (1), March 1994, pp Smith, Steve, The Forty Years Detour: The Resurgence of Normative Theory in International Relations, Millennium, 21(3), 1992, pp

14 Brown, Chris, International Relations Theory: New Normative Approaches (New York: Columbia University Press, 1992). Beitz, Charles, Political Theory and International Relations (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1979). Foot, Rosemary, John Gaddis and Andrew Hurrell (eds.), Order and Justice in International Relations (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003). Jabri, Vivienne, Cosmopolitan Politics, Security, Political Subjectivity, European Journal of International Relations, 18(4), December 2012, pp Odysseos, L. On the Way to Global Ethics? Cosmopolitanism, Ethical Selfhood and Otherness, European Journal of Political Theory, 2(2), April 2003, pp