Ivar Kolstad. Economist. Born: 1971 Phone:

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Curriculum Vitae June 2018 Ivar Kolstad Current position: Senior Researcher Economist E-mail: ivar.kolstad@cmi.no Born: 1971 Phone: Citizenship: Norwegian Address: CMI - Chr. Michelsen Institute P.O.

economics of corruption, human rights, tax havens, corporate social responsibility, and responsible investment; and iii) poverty dynamics including diversification, job creation and entrepreneurship.

1 Curriculum Vitae June 2018 Ivar Kolstad Current position: Senior Researcher Economist Born: 1971 Phone: Citizenship: Norwegian Address: CMI - Chr. Michelsen Institute P.O.Box 6033 N-5892 Bergen, Norway Key Qualifications Senior Researcher whose current research focuses on three topics: i) the political economy of globalization and development; ii) the ethics and economics of corruption, human rights, tax havens, corporate social responsibility, and responsible investment; and iii) poverty dynamics including diversification, job creation and entrepreneurship. Kolstad has managed a number of major research projects, funded by the Research Council of Norway, the World Bank, DFID, the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Norad, the Government of Malaysia, Irish Aid, and more. He has substantial experience from research in developing countries in Africa and Asia, in particular Angola, Tanzania, and Bangladesh. Kolstad has a PhD from the Norwegian School of Economics, where he currently teaches business ethics. Education Dr. Oecon Norwegian School of Economics. 01/1998-8/2003 Title of thesis: "Essays on evolutionary game theory" Cand Oecon (Høyere avdeling) Norwegian School of Economics. 09/ /1996 Master's degree in economics and business administration (Siviløkonom) Norwegian School of Economics. 08/ /1994 Professional Experience Chr. Michelsen Institute Senior Researcher I (full Professor) 10/2009- Research Director 09/ /2013 Senior Researcher 02/ /2009 (50% leave September June 2010) Researcher 01/ /2003

2 Norwegian School of Economics Associate Professor II (20%) 07/2011- Associate Professor (50%), Head of the Centre for Ethics and Economics 09/ /2010 PhD scholarship 01/ /2001 PhD scholarship funded by the Ethics Programme of the Norwegian Research Council 01/ /1998 Graduate scholarship (50% position) 09/ /1996 Other Functions and Engagements Public functions The National Committee for Research Ethics in the Social Sciences and the Humanities (NESH): Vice-chairman, Member, Transparency International Norway: Board member, Centre for Ethics and Economics, Norwegian School of Economics: Board member, Editorial review board, Journal of African Business: Member, Committee for the Social Sciences (FRISAM), Research Council of Norway: Member, Journal referee Journal of Public Economics; Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization; Management Science; World Development; Economics and Philosophy; Journal of International Business Studies; International Business Review; Journal of Business Ethics; Political Studies; Comparative Political Studies; International Political Science Review; Governance; Third World Quarterly; China Quarterly; The China Journal; Journal of Environmental Economics and Management; Global Environmental Change; International Journal of Production Economics; International Tax and Public Finance; Journal of Socio-Economics; Economics Letters; World Bank Economic Review; European Journal of Political Economy; Journal of African Economies; International Interactions; Human Rights Review; Review of International Political Economy; International Journal of Public Administration; Journal of Developing Areas; Development Policy Review; Nordic Journal of Human Rights; Social Theory and Practice; The Pacific Review; Industrial and Corporate Change; Business Strategy and the Environment; Critical Perspectives on Accounting CMI functions Coordinator, Natural Resources research cluster, Deputy staff representative, CMI board, Head of the CMI Human Rights Programme Teaching experience Norwegian School of Economics: Course responsible ETI450 Corporate Social Responsibility (master's course, 2010, ): 971 students in total Course responsible IKE010 Introduction to Ethics (bachelor course, 2009): 204 students Member of advisory committee of PhD candidate Kasper Vagle Occasional lectures, external examiner on exams and theses Occasional lectures and/or examiner at the University of Bergen, Telemark University College, the University of Oslo, the University of Tromsø, Bergen National Academy of the Arts, Universidade Católica de Angola

3 Selected Publications Citations Google Scholar: 2805 citations, h-index 22. Web of Science: 607 cititions, h-index 10. Journal articles Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (forthcoming), How does information about elite tax evasion affect political participation: Experimental evidence from Tanzania, Journal of Development Studies Kolstad, I. (forthcoming), "Too big to fault? Effects of the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize on Norwegian exports to China and foreign policy", International Political Science Review Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (forthcoming), "Elite behaviour and citizen mobilization", European Journal of Political Research Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (forthcoming), "Diversification and democracy", International Political Science Review Kolstad, I. and Kinyondo, A. (2017), "Alternatives to local content requirements in resource-rich countries", Oxford Development Studies, 45, 4, Kolstad, I., Pires, A. J. G. and Wiig, A. (2017), "Within-group heterogeneity and group dynamics: Analyzing exit of microcredit groups in Angola", Oxford Development Studies, 45, 3, Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2016), "Does democracy reduce corruption?", Democratization, 23, 7, Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2016), "Education and electoral participation: Reported versus actual voting behaviour", Applied Economics Letters, 23, 13, Kolstad, I. (2016), "Three questions about engagement and exclusion in responsible investment", Business Ethics: A European Review, 25, 1, Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2015), "Education and entrepreneurial success", Small Business Economics, 44, 4, Kolstad, I., Wiig, A. and Moazzem, K. G., (2014), "Returns to education among entrepreneurs in Bangladesh", Journal of Asian Economics, 34, Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2013), "Digging in the dirt? Extractive industry FDI and corruption", Economics of Governance, 14, 4, Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2013), "Is it both what you know and who you know? Human capital, social capital and entrepreneurial success", Journal of International Development, 25, 5, Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2013), "Does an educated mind take the broader view? A field experiment on in-group favouritism among microcredit clients", Journal of Socio-Economics, 45, Kolstad, I. (2012), "Corruption as violation of distributed ethical obligations", Journal of Global Ethics, 8, 2-3, Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2012), "Testing The Pearl Hypothesis: Natural resources and trust", Resources Policy, 37, 3, Lange, S. and Kolstad, I. (2012), "Corporate community involvement and local institutions: Two case studies from the mining industry in Tanzania", Journal of African Business, 13, 2, Kolstad, I. (2012), "Human rights and positive corporate duties: The importance of corporate state interaction", Business Ethics: A European Review, 21, 3, Wiig, A. and Kolstad, I. (2012), "If diversification is good, why don't countries diversify more? The political economy of diversification in resource rich countries", Energy Policy, 40, 1,

4 Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2012), "What determines Chinese outward FDI?", Journal of World Business, 47, 1, Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2011), "Better the devil you know? Chinese foreign direct investment in Africa", Journal of African Business, 12, 1 Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2010), "Transparency in oil-rich countries and the importance of democracy", Exploration & Production : The Oil & Gas Review, 8, 2 Wiig, A. and Kolstad, I. (2010), "Multinational corporations and host country institutions: A case study of CSR activities in Angola", International Business Review, 19, 2, Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2009), "It's the rents, stupid! The political economy of the resource curse", Energy Policy, 37, 12, Kolstad, I. (2009), "Human rights and assigned duties: Implications for corporations", Human Rights Review, 10, 4, Kolstad, I. and Søreide, T. (2009), "Corruption in natural resource management: implications for policy makers", Resources Policy, 34, 4, Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2009), "Is transparency the key to reducing corruption in resource rich countries?", World Development, 37, 3, Kolstad, I., Wiig, A. and Williams, A. (2009), "Mission improbable: Does petroleum-related aid address the resource curse?", Energy Policy, 37, 3, Kolstad, I. (2009), "The resource curse: Which institutions matter?", Applied Economics Letters, 16, 4, Kolstad, I. and Villanger, E. (2008), "Determinants of foreign direct investment in services", European Journal of Political Economy, 24, 2, Kolstad, I. and Villanger, E. (2008), "Foreign direct investment in the Caribbean", Development Policy Review, 26, 1, Kolstad, I. (2007), "Why firms should not always maximize profits", Journal of Business Ethics, 76, 2, Kolstad, I. (2007), "The evolution of social norms: With managerial implications", Journal of Socio-Economics, 36, 1, Kolstad, I. (2006), "What constitutes a convention? Implications for the coexistence of conventions", Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 16, 3, Kolstad, I. (2005), "Evolution with endogenous mutations", International Game Theory Review, 7, 2, Wiig, A. and Kolstad, I. (2005), "Lowering barriers to agricultural exports through technical assistance", Food Policy, 30, Edited books Kolstad, I. and Stokke, H. (eds.) (2005), Writing Rights: Human Rights Research at the Chr. Michelsen Institute , Bergen: Fagbokforlaget Tungodden, B., Stern, N., and Kolstad, I. (eds.) (2004), Toward Pro-Poor Policies - Aid, Institutions and Globalization, Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics, Europe 2003, World Bank/Oxford University Press Book chapters Cain, A., Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2014), "Micro effects of natural resources: Insights from a survey of Angolan microcredit clients" in Grant, A., Compaoré, W. R. N. and Mitchell, M. I. (eds.), New Approaches to the Governance of Natural Resources: Insights from Africa, New York: Palgrave Macmillan Kolstad, I. (2014), "Resource curse", in Vodosek, M. and Hartog, D. v. (eds.), Wiley Encyclopedia of Management, 3rd edition, Volume 6 International Management Wiig, A. and Kolstad, I. (2012), "Assigned corporate social responsibility in a rentier state: The case of Angola", in Rustad, S. C. A. and Lujala, P. (eds.), High-Value Natural Resources and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding,

5 London: Earthscan Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2010), "International Initiatives to Address the Resource Curse: High on Rhetoric, Low on Relevance?", in Overton, G. T. (ed.), Foreign Policy in an Interconnected World, New York: Nova Science Publishers Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2010), "Entrepreneurship and human capital: The Malawi case", in Harvey, C. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 2009 Foprisa annual conference, Gaborone: Lightbooks Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2009), "Chinese investment in SADC: a global perspective", in Kaunda, J. M. and Zizhou, F. (eds.), Furthering Southern African integration: Proceedings of the 2008 Foprisa annual conference, Gaborone: Lightbooks Kolstad, I. (2008), "Korrupsjon: Hva er egentlig problemet?", i Tafjord, T. og Stensland, A. (red.), Verdivalg i hverdagen - Om å holde sin sti ren, Oslo: Humanist Forlag Kolstad, I. (2008), "Indices of political instability", in Darity, W. A., Jr. (ed.), International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, 2nd edition. 9 vols. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA Kolstad, I. and Stokke, H. (2005), "Rights with bite: 20 years of human rights research at the Chr. Michelsen Institute", in Kolstad, I. and Stokke, H. (eds.), Writing Rights: Human Rights Research at the Chr. Michelsen Institute , Bergen: Fagbokforlaget Tungodden, B., Stern, N., and Kolstad, I. (2004), "Toward Pro-Poor Policies. An overview", in Tungodden, B., N. Stern and I. Kolstad (eds.), Toward Pro-Poor Policies - Aid, Institutions and Globalization, Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics, Europe 2003, World Bank/Oxford University Press Other publications Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2018), How do voters respond to information on self-serving elite behaviour? Evidence from a randomized survey experiment in Tanzania, WIDER Working Paper 11/2018, Helsinki: UNU-WIDER Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2016), How do voters respond to information on self-serving elite behaviour? Evidence from a randomized survey experiment in Tanzania, CMI working paper 2016:9, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. (2016), "Too big to fault? Effects of the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize on Norwegian exports to China and foreign policy", CMI working paper 2016:3, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2015), "Elite behaviour and citizen mobilization", CMI working paper 2015:8, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. and Kinyondo, A. (2015), "Alternatives to local content", WIDER working paper 2015/106, Helsinki: UNU-WIDER Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2015), "Education and electoral participation: Reported versus actual voting behaviour", CMI working paper 2015:9, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I., Pires, A. J. G. and Wiig, A. (2015), "Within-group heterogeneity and group dynamics: Analyzing exit of microcredit groups in Angola", Working Paper No 03/15, Bergen: Centre for Applied Research at NHH Kolstad, I., Pires, A. J. G. and Wiig, A. (2015), "Within-group heterogeneity and group dynamics: Analyzing exit of microcredit groups in Angola", CMI working paper 2015:3, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I., Somville, V., and Wiig, A. (2014), "Devolutionary delusions? The effect of decentralization on corruption", CMI working paper 2014:10, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2014), "Diversification and democracy", CMI working paper 2014:9, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. (2014), "Three myths about engagement and exclusion in responsible investment", CMI working paper 2014:3, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2014), "Diversification, income, and democracy: A descriptive overview", Lucere Revista Académica da UCAN, September 2014, Luanda: Universidade Católica de Angola,

6 Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2011), Natural resources, corruption and trust: A complex relationship, U4 Issue 2011:14, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2011), Does democracy reduce corruption?, CMI Working Paper WP 2011:4, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2010), "It's the rents, stupid! The political economy of the resource curse", in Wiig, A, Tøndel, L. and Andrade, V. (Eds.), Compendium of Natural Resource Management, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2010), "Is transparency the key to reducing corruption in resource rich countries?", in Wiig, A, Tøndel, L. and Andrade, V. (Eds.), Compendium of Natural Resource Management, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2009), Political economy models of the resource curse: Implications for policy and research, Occasional paper no. 40, Johannesburg: South African Institute of International Affairs Kolstad, I., Søreide, T. and Williams, A. (2009), "Corruption in natural resources", Freedom from fear magazine, vol. 4, August 2009 Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2009), What determines Chinese outward FDI, CMI Working Paper WP 2009: 3, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, Ivar and Wiig, A. (2008), Political economy models of the resource curse: Implications for policy and research, CMI Working Paper WP 2008: 6, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Fritz, V. and Kolstad, I. (2008), Corruption and aid modalities, U4 Issue 4:2008, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I., Wiig, A. and Williams, A. (2008), Mission improbable. Does petroleum-related aid address corruption in resource-rich countries?, U4 Issue , Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I., Wiig, A. og Larsen, H. H. (2008), Hvordan gjøre gode ting bedre? Norske bedrifters CSR aktiviteter i utviklingsland, CMI rapport R 2008:4, Bergen: Chr. Michelsens Institutt Kolstad, I., Fritz, V. and O'Neil, T. (2008), Corruption, anti-corruption efforts and aid: Do donors have the right approach?, Report to the Advisory Board for Irish Aid, London: Overseas Development Institute Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2007), Transparency in oil rich economies, U4 issue 2:2007, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. (2007), Human rights and assigned duties: Implications for corporations, CMI working paper 2007:7, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. (2007), "Por que as empresas não deviam sempre maximizar os lucros", in Kolstad, I., Wiig, A. e de Andrade, V. P. (Eds.): Ética de negócio - Compêndio para ser usado no ensino da ética de negócio na Universidade Católica de Angola (UCAN). Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute pp Kolstad, I., Wiig, A. and de Andrade, V. P. (2007), "Uma introdução à ética de negócio", in Kolstad, I., Wiig, A., e de Andrade, V. P. (Eds.): Ética de negócio - Compêndio para ser usado no ensino da ética de negócio na Universidade Católica de Angola (UCAN). Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute pp Kolstad, I., Wiig, A. e de Andrade, V. P. (Eds.) (2007), Ética de negócio - Compêndio para ser usado no ensino da ética de negócio na Universidade Católica de Angola (UCAN), Bergen: Chr: Michelsen Institute, 379 p. Kolstad, I. (2007), The resource curse: Which institutions matter?, CMI working paper 2007:2, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. (2006), Why firms should not always maximize profits, CMI working paper WP 2006: 11, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Fjeldstad, O., Kolstad, I. and Nygaard, K. (2006), Bribes, taxes and regulations: Business constraints for micro enterprises in Tanzania, CMI working paper WP 2006: 2, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. and Villanger, E. (2006), Growth with distribution: Strategies for improved income distribution in Malaysia, Commissioned report, Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister's Office, Malaysia

7 Kolstad, I. and Villanger, E. (2004), Promoting investment in small Caribbean states, CMI working paper 2004:9, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. (2004), What constitutes a convention? Implications for the coexistence of conventions, CMI working paper 2004:3, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. and Villanger, E. (2004), Determinants of foreign direct investment in services, CMI working paper 2004:2, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. and Villanger, E. (2004), How does social development affect FDI and domestic investment, CMI report 2004:2, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. and Villanger, E. (2004), Social development and industry level foreign direct investment, CMI report 2004:1, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Fjeldstad, O., Kolstad, I., and Lange, S. (2003), Autonomy, incentives and patronage - A study of corruption in the Tanzania and Uganda Revenue Authorities, CMI report 2003:9, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2003), Lowering barriers to agricultural exports through technical assistance, CMI working paper 2003:8, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. (2003), The evolution of social norms, CMI working paper 2003:1, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. (2003), Essays on evolutionary game theory, PhD thesis, Bergen: Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A., (2002), A cost-benefit framework for allocating SPS-related technical assistance, Report no The Globalisation Project, Oslo: Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2002), A cost-benefit framework for allocating SPS-related technical assistance, CMI report 2002:19, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. and Tøndel, L. (2002), Social development and foreign direct investment in developing countries, CMI report 2002:11, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute Kolstad, I. (2002), Viscosity and dispersion in an evolutionary model of learning, Discussion paper 7/2002, Department of Economics, Bergen: Norwegian School of Economics and Business Adminstration Kolstad, I. (2002), Social origins of a work ethic: Norms, mobility and urban unemployment, Discussion paper 6/2002, Department of Economics, Bergen: Norwegian School of Economics and Business Adminstration Kolstad, I. (2002), What constitutes a convention? Implications for the coexistence of conventions, Discussion paper 5/2002, Department of Economics, Bergen: Norwegian School of Economics and Business Adminstration Popularized publications and articles Making money in Angola is about connections, not hard work, CMI Brief, vol. 16, no. 12, 2017 (coauthors: Wiig, A. and Chivunda, V.) "The challenging dynamics of microcredit in Angola", CMI Brief, vol. 14, no. 6, 2015 (coauthor: Arne Wiig) Diversification of the Angolan economy, CMI Insight, No. 6, September 2014 (coauthors: da Rocha, A., Santos, R., Bonfim, L., Paulo, F. M., and Wiig, A.) "Expanding foreign investment in the energy sector - Challenges and risks for Bangladesh", CMI Brief, vol. 13, no. 4, 2014 (coauthor: Arne Wiig) "One man, one bribe? The effect of democracy on corruption", CMI Brief, vol. 13, no. 3, 2014 (coauthor: Arne Wiig) "Does diversification improve institutions in resource rich countries?", CMI Angola Brief, vol. 2, no. 5, 2012 (coauthor: Arne Wiig) "Opinion: Is oil-rich Angola a development success?", CNN, August , (coauthor: Arne Wiig) "What makes a credit group tick? In-group favouritism among microcredit clients", CMI Angola Brief, vol. 1,

8 no. 7, 2011 (coauthor: Arne Wiig) "O que faz um grupo de credito funcionar? Favoritismo dentro do grupo entre clientes de microcredito", CMI Angola Brief, vol. 1, no. 8, 2011 (coauthor: Arne Wiig) "Combattre la corruption dans les pays riched en petrole: Le rôle de la transperence", U4 Brief 21:2009 (coauthors: Arne Wiig and Aled Williams) "La corruption dans la gestion des ressources naturelles - Une introduction", U4 Brief 20:2009 (coauthor: Tina Søreide) "Tackling corruption in oil rich countries: The role of transparency", U4 Brief 3:2008 (coauthors: Arne Wiig and Aled Williams) "Corruption in natural resource management - an introduction", U4 Brief 2:2008 (coauthors: Tina Søreide and Aled Williams) "Why should donors care about corruption?", CMI Brief, 7, 1, January 2008 "Corporate social responsibility of multinational corporations", CMIBrief, 6, 2, January 2007 "EITI - Et tomt beger?", Dagens Næringsliv, 17 October 2006 (coauthor: Arne Wiig) "Should corrupt countries receive budget support", CMIBrief, 4, 4, November 2005 "Aid should not be pegged to oil revenues", Development Today, 2 September 2005 (coauthor: Arne Wiig) Work in progress Fjeldstad, O.H., Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2018), "Do economists act like democrats or technocratic paternalists?" Fjeldstad, O.H., Kolstad, I. and Wiig, A. (2018), "Do citizen tax policy preferences reflect efficiency and inequality considerations? Experimental evidence from Tanzania" Kolstad, I. (2017), "Protected tax havens: Cornering the market through international reform?", CMI Working Paper 2017:7, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute

Assigned corporate social responsibility in a rentier state: The case of Angola Arne Wiig and Ivar Kolstad a a

Assigned corporate social responsibility in a rentier state: The case of Angola Arne Wiig and Ivar Kolstad a a This chapter first appeared in High-Value Natural Resources and Peacebuilding, edited by P. Lujala and S.A. Rustad. It is one of 6 edited books on Post-Conflict Peacebuilding and Natural Resource Management