UNDP SOCIAL INNOVATION COMPETITION ON ANTI-CORRUPTION FOR DEVELOPMENT

Transcription

1 UNDP SOCIAL INNOVATION COMPETITION ON ANTI-CORRUPTION FOR DEVELOPMENT Transparency, Accountability, and Voices against Corruption: Accelerating Human Development in Asia-Pacific Knowledge Fair and Regional Dialogue June 2014 Bangkok, Thailand 1

2 RESULTS FROM THE COMPETITION Six innovations to combat corruption won awards at the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) s Social Innovation Competition on Anti-Corruption For Development during the UNDP Regional Dialogue on 13 June. The countries with winning ideas that will receive funding from UNDP are Pakistan, the Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, Viet Nam, and China. The proposals were judged on their ability to integrate anti-corruption efforts with development solutions, with a specific focus on women, youth, and marginalized communities. The challenge drew proposals from 14 countries ranging from UNDP country offices to partner non-government organizations. A joint effort of UNDP s Global Anti-Corruption Initiative (GAIN) and the UNDP Asia- Pacific Regional Centre (APRC), the Social Innovation Initiative announced the awardees at a regional dialogue on "Transparency, Accountability and Voices against Corruption that ended on June 13. Summaries of the winning proposals follow: 1. Pakistan - Citizens Information and Accountability Forum The initiative will launch a Citizens Information and Accountability Forum in the province of Punjab, one of two local governments in Pakistan that have passed Right to Information (RTI) laws. The Forum is a citizens-led group that will review district development plans and budgets in order to promote government accountability and transparency. The Forum will submit RTI requests to gain access to all relevant public documents and hold government officials accountable at public hearings it will organize. It will conduct monthly meetings and site inspections to check the progress of publicly funded projects and raise any issues with the appropriate government body. In the long run, the Forum intends to change how development planning happens at the district level, allowing citizens greater say and scrutiny in public expenditures. With UNDP Pakistan as lead organizer, the Forum will have representatives of youth, women rights organizations, minority groups, bar associations, traders association, farmers association, teachers association, NGOs, community based organizations, university faculty, and press clubs. UNDP also will partner with the Punjab district government, particularly its Information Commission, to ensure its ownership of the initiative. 2

3 For more information about this initiative, please contact: Amir Goraya, Assistant Country Director, Democratic Governance Unit, UNDP Pakistan. 2. Philippines - Citizen Empowerment Hubs To be set up in three strategic areas, Citizen Empowerment Hubs will address a major challenge in the Philippines: disaster management. Natural disasters here are now more frequent and severe. Most affected are local communities, especially their most vulnerable groups -- women and children. The initiative will pilot the Hubs in building the capacity of grassroots women to map and monitor service delivery, with a distinct focus on local response to disasters. Key to the initiative is increasing partnerships between grassroots women and local authorities so that women become more visible in local decision-making, including budget planning, for disaster risk reduction. Implementing partners are the Government Watch (G-Watch) project of the Ateneo School of Government, Damayan ng Maralitang Pilipinong Api (national federation of 217 grassroots organizations), the Huairou Commission, Department of the Interior and Local Government, Government of the Philippines, and UNDP Philippines. For more information about this initiative, please contact: Emmanuel E. Buendia, UNDP Team Leader for Governance, UNDP Philippines. emmanuel.buendia@undp.org 3. Thailand - Anti-corruption Cafés in Universities This initiative will expand Refuse To Be Corrupt, a social enterprise of the UNDPled Thai Youth Anti-Corruption Network (TYACN). The enterprise is part of a broader strategy to influence youth attitudes to corruption and is a joint project with True Coffee, the largest locally owned chain of coffee shops in Thailand. TYACN will scale-up Refuse To Be Corrupt cafés in Khon Kaen University and Ubon Ratchathani University. Each café will give college students a space and a command centre where young people can sit down and discuss issues, share their views with peers, organize multi-media events, and map out plans to tackle corruption in their universities and the wider communities. The World Economic Forum recognized Refuse To Be Corrupt as a Creative For Good best practice that presented an inspiring and effective public education campaign to instil social change. For more information about this initiative, please contact: Kwanpadh Suddhi- Dhamakit, Programme Analyst, UNDP Thailand. kwanpadh.suddhi-dhamakit@undp.org 3

4 4. China Integrity curriculum for civil servants The initiative aims to promote engagement of government policy-makers in preventing corruption in the higher-education sector and facilitate the dialogue between policy makers and the youth in anti-corruption policy-making. As a result an integrity and anti-corruption training will be integrated into the official curriculum of national civil service training. This will strengthen the capacity of highlevel policy makers in government in improving anti-corruption policies, with a focus on the higher-education sector. This initiative builds on the results of a nationwide integrity innovation competition among 10 member universities of the CIEN, in consultation with the Beijing Education Commission and the Guangdong Education Department. For more information about this initiative, please contact Qing Gu, Team Leader Poverty, Equity & Governance, UNDP China. qing.gu@undp.org 5. Indonesia - Corruption Tracking Tool for the Extractives Industry This initiative will pilot-test a prototype Corruption Tracking Tool to help address the high prevalence of corruption in Indonesia s extractive industries. The Tool is a userfriendly handbook that can help local governments track stages vulnerable to corruption in both the processing of mining permits and the implementation of mining concessions. The Tool will identify the capacities and resources needed to reduce corruption strategically. It also will pinpoint the potential benefits to local governments and stakeholders once a corruption problem is resolved. Intended for piloting in two local governments, the Tool will be developed by UNDP Indonesia in close partnership with the two pilot local governments, the Corruption Eradication Commission, the National Development Planning Agency, and the Ministry of Energy Mineral Resources. For more information about this initiative, please contact: Dr. Abdul Wahib Situmorang, Project Manager-Participatory Governance Assessment, Democratic Governance and Poverty Reduction Unit, UNDP Indonesia. abdul.situmorang@undp.org 6. Vietnam Strengthening People's Role in Anti-Corruption Work The initiative will strengthen the role and participation of civil society organizations in anti-corruption work in Vietnam. It will focus on two groups: local people s supervision boards and news media practitioners. 4

5 For the people s supervision boards, the initiative aims to improve their knowledge on inspection law, the anti-corruption law, and related government policies; train them on policy monitoring, and monitoring and handling of complaints; and, provide them practical tools (such as handbooks and checklists) to do inspection work. News media practitioners will benefit from training for investigative journalists on anti-corruption laws and investigation skills, and the regular sharing of updated information on corruption and anti-corruption activities. Partners in the initiative are UNDP Vietnam, the Government Inspectorate of Vietnam, and civil society groups. For more information about this initiative, please contact: Tran My Hanh, Programme Analyst, UNDP Vietnam Office. tran.my.hanh@undp.org In addition, the following initiatives were presented as part of the competition: Afghanistan Conduct Capacity Building for School Management Committees in 8 Provinces to Develop Mechanisms to Reduce School-Based Corruption based on Findings of a Baseline Survey. Proponent: UNDP Afghanistan country office, in cooperation with New York University Abu Dhabi Centre; Ministry of Education; local schools. Bangladesh Action Research Project to Be Piloted in 10 Schools Behaviour Change Project Through a Youth Diary. Proponent: UNDP Bangladesh country office, in partnership with local schools. Bhutan Test Civil Society Innovation Space for Participation. Proponent: UNDP Bhutan country office, in partnership with Civil Society Organisation Authority (CSOA), Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC) of Bhutan and, civil society organisations. Cambodia Action-Based Creative Projects Driven by Youth Groups. Proponent: Transparency International Cambodia, in partnership with UNDP and local authorities. Fiji Dialogue between MPs and Concerned Citizen Grassroots Groups". Proponent: Fiji MCO/Pacific Centre, in partnership with citizen groups and MPs. Myanmar Dialogue for Reform in Myanmar. Proponent: UNDP Myanmar country office, in partnership with Myanmar Development Resource Institute; Myanmar Government s Administrative Reform Sector Working Group; European Union. 5

6 Nepal Expand Education Coverage ThroughWeb-Based Tool to Monitor Scholarship Management, Especially to Increase Enrolment of Girls. Proponent: UNDP Nepal country office, in partnership with the NGO Satyaraha and the local District Education Office. Papua New Guinea Phones Against Corruption. Proponent: UNDP Papua New Guinea (PNG) country office, in partnership with the Department of Finance (Government of PNG); Australian Aid Programme; Mobimedia Ltd. A high-level panel of governance and innovation experts judged the initiatives on their applicability and their ability to sustain themselves beyond seed funding. Elodie Beth-Seo, Regional Anti-Corruption Advisor, Asia-Pacific Regional Centre, UNDP, led the process for organising the consultation. Members of the selection panel included: Kristian Futol, Assistant Director, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) Australia;, UNDP; Phil Matsheza, Democratic Governance Team Leader, UNDP APRC; Anga Timilsina and Aida Arutyuova, Anti-corruption Specialist, UNDP; Francine Pickup, Strategic Planning Advisor, UNDP; and Francisco Santos-Padron, RBA Governance Specialist, UNDP. Also Glen Mehn, Managing Director, Social Innovation Camp co-chaired the session. The competition concluded with the unveiling by the UNDP-sponsored Thai Youth Anti-Corruption Network (TYAN) of its youth advocacy project, the Anti-Corruption Cafe. Thai Youth Anti-corruption Network is an active group of over 6,000 students from over 90 universities across Thailand on a mission to eliminate corruption through the empowerment of young people. Built in 2011, the Network ran series of campaigns to raise awareness among the youth. The first two Refuse To Be Corrupt cafés are to be set up in the campuses of Khon Kaen University and Ubon Ratchathani University and will later expand to other places. The Refuse To Be Corrupt cafés will give young people a space to sit down and discuss issues, share their views among their peers, and organize events and map out plans to tackle corruption. The profit of the cafes will go directly to support their anti-corruption activities. UNDP Thailand, True Coffee Corp., the Anti-Corruption Organisation of Thailand, Khon Kaen University, and Ubon Ratchathani University signed a partnership agreement during the project unveiling. The video from the competition can be accessed at: 6

7 HIGHLIGHTS OF DISCUSSIONS DURING THE REGIONAL DIALOGUE The Regional Dialogue brought together 70 participants from 27 countries including representatives from anti-corruption agencies, civil society and UNDP offices from the region as well as international experts to: Encourage the design of integrated anti-corruption solutions for development with the UNDP Competition on anti-corruption for development. Discuss governance challenges in removing bottlenecks to development, in particular to ensure delivery of health, water and education at the local level. Explore ways to effectively engage young people, women, and marginalized communities so that they can share in development dividends. Welcome remarks Caitlin Wiesen-Antin, Manager, Asia-Pacific Regional Centre, UNDP, set the scene by explaining that corruption has a human face because it disproportionately impacts at-risk groups of the poor, especially women. To be effective anti-corruption measures should be integrated into basic service systems, coupled with engagement of civil society, especially youth, women, and other marginalized groups. Opening session -- Innovating against corruption as part of human development Elodie Beth-Seo, Regional Anti-Corruption Advisor, UNDP, opened the session by saying corruption had become a mainstream issue, unlike a decade ago when it was a taboo subject. She said the competition at the Knowledge Fair provided compelling examples of development challenges in different Asia-Pacific countries. There is growing recognition that corruption closely links to the development agenda because if its economic and human costs. Session panellist Dasho Neten Zangmo, Chairperson, Anti-Corruption Commission, Bhutan, said corruption destabilizes a country and promotes injustice and inequality. For this reason, it is no longer possible to talk about development without talking about corruption. She explained that in Bhutan governance is the crosscutting pillar of development objectives and of the development planning process. Bhutan is mainstreaming integrity promotion and anti-corruption measures at the local government level and into the government performance system. Neten said the key is ethical leadership, integrity, political will, and shared responsibility among all anticorruption actors. Neten wrapped up by calling for patience. "Let s try to create a few success stories; let s not spread ourselves everywhere", she told participants. 7

8 Session panellist Glen Mehn, Managing Director, Social Innovation Camp, said his organization helps build start-ups that use technology for social good. In looking for good ideas, they are guided by three lessons. First lesson: Go to the source; those who actually experience the problem. An example is Anna, who works in an Armenian blood bank. Social Innovation Camp helped Anna develop a computerized database to organize blood bank service delivery. Second lesson: There are several potential solutions for innovation. For example, they have helped projects in Malaysia and Kosovo use cell phones to identify social problems. Third lesson: Do one thing well. An example is a project in Scotland, where they helped to build a 'TripAdvisor' for traffic infractions. Mehn cautions that there is always the risk of failure in these projects. Session panellist Anga Timilsina, Programme Manager, Global Anti-Corruption Initiative, UNDP, called for integrating governance and anti-corruption into the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), and harmonizing global goals with local realities. He said positive factors that can help support this integration include, among others, the mainstreaming of anti-corruption as a global, regional, and national concern. There is more evidence now on the impact of corruption and anti-corruption on development, and better use of technology and multiple approaches. Challenges include the missing middle problem a gap between anti-corruption and development agendas. The anti-corruption field also has to improve its measurement of results, particularly by not being limited to measuring by perception only. What is important is to show how anti-corruption concretely affects service delivery. At the session discussion, it was noted that many people globally have identified good governance as a development priority. The need is to bring the discourse to the national level and to showcase the real, human impact of anti-corruption initiatives, particularly on women. The risk of using an anti-corruption agency as a tool to attack political enemies was also raised. Safeguarding the agency's independence could mitigate this risk. Finally, there was a question on the difficulty of converting innovation into working models. The response was that innovation sometimes failed but that failure also taught important lessons. Session 1 -- Mitigating corruption risks in key sectors for human development Aida Arutyuova, Policy Specialist, Global Anti-Corruption Initiative, UNDP, moderated this session. Session panellist Jonathan Hodder, Governance Analyst, UNDP Philippines, said UNDP s niche in the Philippines is to build links between sector approaches (which emphasise hard infrastructure) and the government s anti-corruption agenda. For example, UNDP Philippines supports a water integrity project that trains citizens in how to conduct oversight over water governance, especially finance, using a specific monitoring tool (Participatory Public Finance Framework). An unexpected result was the adoption of water integrity as a platform in local elections. Lessons included communications to build community consciousness and involving local government 8

9 in the concept from the beginning. Hodder noted that governments are extremely sensitive and reluctant to receive what is seen as criticism by civil society actors, who often take a very finger pointing approach. UNDP Philippines had experience of this, and changed its approach for the water sector project. This included changing the attitudes of its civil society partners. Session panellist Taimur Khilji, Policy Specialist, Poverty reduction, Asia-Pacific Regional Centre, UNDP, noted the presence of leadership from countries themselves in accelerating their MDG results, with support from a framework for problem identification, planning, demand and supply side issues. The primary bottlenecks for sector results are in governance. Several key challenges and lessons in risk assessments include: Building consensus among all stakeholders on the problem; Choosing the appropriate methodology that has stakeholder buy-in; Shoring up the credibility of findings; Institutionalising assessments to ensure they can contribute to monitoring; Ensure that results can feed into policy; Mobilising community participation and helping communities engage; Involving government stakeholders, including at local level. Breakout group discussions Group 1 Risk assessments in water: The group focused on household access to water. The group discussed lessons learned from experiences in governance and corruption. It noted that vulnerabilities tend to be common and similar, such as, rent seeking and lack of capacity. Local government should have a clear understanding of its role in implementing plans. The need to have benchmarks for service delivery was also raised. Group 2 Risk assessments in education: The group noted major problems in the sector, including: corruption in the procurement process; failure to consult students; rigid hierarchy in the education bureaucracy; and a prevailing culture of bribery among both students and teachers. It was noted that corruption monitoring should be done in order to identify areas at-risk of corruption. Communities, especially, should know what educational facilities they are supposed to get. The mechanisms for reporting should be developed with the participation of local governments, communities, and NGOs. Government at all levels should make sure that they work together. Group 3 Risk assessments in health: The group saw major challenges in service delivery and service capacity. Sustainability of anti-corruption efforts needs to be ensured. Lessons learned in monitoring corruption include: local mapping of risks; women participation; and human rights sensitivity. It is also important not only to choose the right monitoring methods but understand these methods as well. 9

10 Session 2 -- Strengthening anti-corruption institutions and systems at the local level Session moderator Shervin Majlessi, Regional Anti-Corruption Advisor, Regional Office for Southeast Asia and the Pacific Regional Centre, United Nations Office for Drugs and Crime (UNODC), noted that corruption gets decentralised along with government functions, citing Indonesia as an example. Although democratic reform creates opportunities for accountability, it also creates opportunities for new patterns of corruption and misuse of resources. Session panellist Daniel Li, former Deputy Commissioner, Independent Commission against Corruption (ICAC), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, talked about the experiences of the ICAC. He said the ICAC "made a lot of enemies' in government. It balances investigation with community work and liaison with other government institutions. The ICAC generated major public interest through its investigative work in housing. It works with civil society partners, such as the Hong Kong Ethics Development Centre and the Chamber of Commerce and Trade Associations. Among its advocacy and public education work is a TV drama series based on actual investigations. Session panellist Keshab Prasad Bhattarai, Secretary, Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority (CIAA), Nepal, discussed mechanisms the CIAA uses to fight corruption at the local level. These mechanisms include the devolvement of central level agencies to the subnational level. It established regional and other local liaison offices responsible for resolving local complaints. Local level bodies have authority to investigate up to a certain threshold without central authority approval. The central authority takes charge of capacity building of regional offices. Currently, Nepal is in the process of also decentralising other supporting mechanisms, such as special corruption courts. After the presentations, participants discussed per table and provided recommendations in answer to a guide question: "How can we strengthen anticorruption institutions, systems and measures to contribute to service delivery, particularly at the local level?" Following is a summary of the recommendations: Fundamental: Independence of anti-corruption agency Protection from political interference Disciplinary procedures Respect for due process Using technology to the most efficient and effective ends Local community engagement, ownership and awareness: Citizen education about rights and information about costs 10

11 Assessment rankings Client-interface and real-time reporting of both satisfaction and corruption Understanding different stakeholder perspectives (gender/women) Articulating the costs and benefits of corruption Institutional structures: Awareness at all levels on government procedures Form follows functions, with matching legal and policy frameworks (including for service delivery) Ensure equality in focus, given access challenges (isolated areas, small islands) Build in roles for identified risk areas (e.g., military) Appropriate delegation of authority Understand resource complaints Coordination mechanisms Institutional strengthening: Identify entry points for community interface Improve capacity for oversight (e.g., by parliament) Strengthen individual capacity to perform functions Performance, monitoring and data: Strong monitoring systems in government and data collections Clear performance criteria for government institutions, including anti-corruption authorities Reporting requirements for government authorities Need for oversight of the oversight (examples: Philippines Internal Affairs Board; oversight committees in Hong Kong) Understanding the metrics of success - not in length of investigation, but in changing the culture of awareness Session 3 -- Empowering new voices for accountability: The role of youth Kwanpadh Suddhi-Dhamakit, Programme Analyst, UNDP Thailand, moderated this session. Session panelist Dato' Shamshun Baharin bin Mohd. Jamil, Director, Community Education Division, Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission (MACC), talked about MACC's experience in partnering with youth. Dato' Shamshun shared the results of a survey of attitudes towards corruption of about 500 Malaysian university students. According to the survey students were willing to give or accept a bribe if it gave them an advantage. The findings alarmed MACC and prompted it to organize a Corruption Prevention Secretariat of Institutes of Higher Learning (CPS-IHL) to carry out corruption education and prevention measures among Malaysian youth. The Secretariat is expected to: Help MACC disseminate anti-corruption messages; gain and increase public support towards the MACC; develop a future society with a high 11

12 level of integrity; and incorporate anti-corruption themes in text books. During the discussions, it was noted that Thailand uses social media to engage with public and private university students with the aim of encouraging youth leadership in corruption prevention. The Thai Youth Anti-Corruption Network started with individual youth camps as discussion forums. It is currently broadening and deepening its approach and emphasising networking. Bhutan s experience of youth engagement goes down to the primary school level. Studies show a marked change in behaviour between Bhutanese ages 8/9 and 11/12, with 8-year-olds more likely to report corruption activity. Working with students also needs to go hand-in-hand with engaging parents. Bhutan has considered including anti-corruption into the classroom curriculum. Concerns were raised about targeting youth corruption behaviour only, when corruption is a systemic problem involving all segments of society. Attitudes about integrity among the youth could reflect differences in values relative to adults. A question was raised about how to frame efforts at youth engagement in order to inspire youth as future leaders. It was noted that there are different forms of leadership for changing social norms and driving clean institutions in the future. When engaging with youth, practitioners need to understand the context as much as one would with a mainstream development programme on corruption. Considering incentives, for example, is just as important to ensure impact of youth engagement. For youth programming, it is important to recognize multiple and mixed messages the youth would be receiving. Helping them respond to such messages is needed. An argument was put forward that reinforcing a positive set of values is important both in government and in society. Since civil servants also are members of society and are formed by that society, government has an interest in promoting core social values and in ensuring that values are considered as a factor in recruiting and managing civil servants. Session 4 -- Transparency and accountability in extractive industries Phil Matsheza moderated this session. Session panellist Dr. Abdul Wahib Situmorang, Project Manager for Participatory Governance Assessment, Democratic Governance and Poverty Reduction Unit, UNDP Indonesia, talked about UNDP Indonesia's experiences in transparency and accountability in extractive industries and forestry. He presented the Indonesia Forest Governance Index 2014, a tool for policymakers and other stakeholders to assess the quality of forest governance in Indonesia s 12 most forested provinces and 20 districts. The Index provides indicators of conditions of forest governance. As a result of the Index, challenges identified that need to be addressed immediately are conflicts, law enforcement, high transaction costs, law implementation, and capacity building. Many local government units have asked for assistance because of the Index. 12

13 The Index also has influenced the action plans and agreements entered into by the country's Ministry of Forestry. Session panelist Tim Boyle, Regional Policy Advisor, Environment & Natural Resources, UNDP REDD+, Asia-Pacific Regional Centre, UNDP, provided an analysis of the REDD+ programme in Asia-Pacific. 1 He noted that most of the 24 REDD+ countries have anti-corruption laws and anti-corruption agencies (ACAs) but only 10% have regulations on transparency in forest management. A survey of forestry stakeholders found a low perception of the quality of forestry-related anti-corruption laws and anti-corruption agencies was low, as well as the quality of implementation of laws and performance of ACAs. Boyle called these very sobering figures that illustrate the magnitude of the challenge we face in helping these countries in REDD+. In many countries, poor governance (i.e., corruption) is the main driver of deforestation and degradation. Key messages: To address corruption, there is a need to look both at existing and new risks Participatory approaches allow for better results Historically reluctant ministries (forestry, environment) now are assessing the risks and following up on some of the findings and recommendations. During the discussion, questions included whether the causes of corruption, especially low salaries of local officials, were addressed; the participation of the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) in the Forest Governance Index; and publishing Index findings. Panellists replied that there are some efforts to raise salaries together with other incentive mechanisms based on performance. It was noted that corruption in the extractives industry tends to be more at the governor and district leader level, so that bribes become tools to finance election campaigns. The way to address this is to change the election system by making running for office less costly. On the participation of the KPK, it was explained that the KPK is part of the study and that all of the 21 recommendations in the Index are KPK recommendations and are published as such. This makes the Index more influential. It was also explained that ownership of the Index is by the government, civil society groups, indigenous peoples, and business associations who all agreed on the indicators -- a first in Indonesia. There is a focus on ensuring that stakeholders, especially the rural poor, benefit through incentives from participating in REDD+ in the form of increased security of tenure, financial assistance, and the like. Breakout group discussion Participants were asked to join one of two groups and answer two guide questions: First, what are the lessons learned from risk assessments in extractives and/or forestry? Second, what are the new programming opportunities to promote transparency and accountability in these key sectors for human development? 1 Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD). "REDD+" initiatives include the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) and Forest Investment Program (FIP), hosted by The World Bank. 13

14 Group 1 Extractive industries: The group noted a lack of transparency in the value chain, particularly in the bidding process, the way revenue is distributed from central to local government, and the use of revenue for development. There is also lack of data and information provided from central government to local government. The group noted a lack of clarity and integration in policies from central government to local government. There is a lack of capacity to assess the impact, with environmental assessment sometimes being done after the bidding process. More oversight bodies are needed to monitor industry activities. There are also human rights related issues, including the displacement of local people/indigenous people from their land and social conflict. On new programming opportunities to promote transparency and accountability, the group said the following should be taken into account: transparency (included provisions for free, prior, and informed consent); integrated policies; putting in place grievance mechanisms; and respecting human rights. Also needed is strengthening the capacity of the stakeholder (government and community) and improving the channel of communication between citizen and decision makers. Group 2 Forestry and climate change: The Group discussions elaborated on the experience with UNDP REDD+ assessments in the region and the related challenges, both in terms of good governance and sustainability of resources. Session 5 -- Presentation of new tools and methodologies Session panelist Dr. Sangeetha Purushothaman, Executive Director, Best Practices Foundation, India, and a member of the Huairou Commission, presented "A Course in Gender Equality, Women s Empowerment, and Anti-Corruption", designed for UNDP country office staff members. This is a 2-hours online course on gender and anticorruption that ties together case studies of women s experiences at grass-roots level and the impact of corruption on them. It also gives background details about definitions, patterns, frameworks from a women s perspective, and considers UNDP s comparative advantages in work on gender and anti-corruption. The critical emphasis is on creating partnerships between local communities and government (no naming and shaming). This was based on a study "Seeing Beyond the State: Grassroots women s perspectives on corruption and anti-corruption" 2. Session panelist Francisco Santos-Padron, RBA Governance Specialist, UNDP, presented "One-Click Away DER [Design, Evaluation & Reporting] and Improving UNDP Results". The tool matches best practices in M&E with IT, answering to UNDP s core principles. Best practices include mixing methods, measuring attribution, analysing risk, highlighting vulnerable groups, deepening data collection and presentation, building theories of change, and democratising indicator formation

15 These are 'married' to UNDP technologies like audio/video, data analysis software, graphic design, social media, crowdsourcing, data sharing, and geographic information sharing. At the session discussion focused on the importance of implementing monitoring and evaluation tools. However some participants were sceptical about a new reporting tool, that could just add another burden to everyday work. Santos-Padron specified that One Click Away DER is meant to facilitate and improve everyday work and the development of projects. It is a way to check the progress of the work, to take into account all the stakeholders and to collect important data to understand whether actions need to be corrected or carried out in a different way to ensure the best possible result. Concluding session -- Embedding anti-corruption in human development programmes Session panelist Kristian Futol, Assistant Director, Australian Department for Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), discussed "Transparency, Accountability and Voices against Corruption: How to embed anti-corruption in human development programs". DFAT integrates anti-corruption in its programming in three ways: first, through internal measures; second, through protected aid flows; third, by supporting partners in efforts to tackle corruption and improve transparency and accountability. Australia s lessons include leadership, ownership, institutional arrangements, resources and institutional capacity (need to match level of ambition and ability to ensure compliance), and technical expertise and guidance. Four areas that DFAT works at are in policy coherence, development programme effectiveness, development capacity and improved work practices. Futol said DFAT is actually trying to be more practical about political blockages faced in integrating anticorruption into its work. Session panelist Pauline Arifin, Senior Advisor, Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), made a presentation on "GIZ Assistance in Preventing and Combating Corruption in Indonesia". She emphasised that anticorruption and integrity in German development policy reaffirms the central importance of corruption prevention and control for the German government and is binding for all institutions of German Development Cooperation. GIZ uses two tracks to embed anti-corruption in its assistance: first, through bureaucracy reform and, second, through assistance in preventing and combating corruption (mainly by supporting the KPK). In Indonesia, GIZ has four priority anti-corruption areas: Developing the concept of National Integrity System (NIS); Implementing an Anti-Corruption Learning Centre (ACLC); Strengthening strategic programs on corruption prevention; and, Strengthen anti-corruption movements. 15

16 Specific activities include helping KPK establish an Anti-Corruption Clearing House, a Monitoring Centre to Prevent Corruption, and a whistleblower system. Arifin said that when KPK initially launched its complaints mechanism, it took a long time to optimise its use because people were making complaints not relevant to the work of the KPK. Now, however, KPK is able to demonstrate statistics about complaints. Phil Matsheza provided the concluding remarks for the dialogue. 16