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1 INFERENCES Directions: At the end of each paragraph given below, some conclusions have been drawn. On the basis of the study of the paragraphs, mark your answers as under. A= Definitely true. B= Probably true C= Can t say as the data provided is inadequate D= Probably false E= Definitely false The Governor is the Constitutional Head of a State and is bound by the Council ministers, except in spheres where he is required by the Constitution, expressly and impliedly, to exercise his discretion. In the latter case, the discretion is his own. It is the duty of the Governor to see that the Government of his State is carried on in accordance with the Constitution, for the Governor is o athbound to preserve, protect and defend the Constitution and the law. 1. The Governor is authorized to change the law if circumstances demand. 2. The Governor can never exercise his own discretion 3. Governors can over-rule the law and the Constitution if the ministers demand 4. Every Governor has his personal legal counsellor 5. Governor can always put a check on Ministers if they adopt illegal ways. In their latest assessments, American sources speak of Pakistan s increasing nuclear capability and of its all-out preparations to manufacture the dreaded bomb. The Pakistan PM of course, denies having any nuclear intentions, but these denials are a part of the growing hypocrisy over the issue. 6. America is afraid of Pakistan. 7. Pakistan PM has no nuclear intentions. 8. America, though its spy net-work knows all about Pak s nuclear activity. 9. Pakistan PM is the highest authority in Pakistan. 10. Pakistan PM has admitted that Pak is making the nuclear bomb. STRONG AND WEAK ARGUMENTS Directions: Each question given below consists of a statement, followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a strong argument and which is a weak argument. Give answer (a)if only argument I is strong; (b)if only argument II is strong; (c) if either I or II is strong; (d) if neither I nor II is strong and (e) if both I and II are strong. Shikara Academy for Competitive Examinations (Contact No ) Page 1

2 11. Statement : Should India give away Kashmir to Pakistan? Arguments: I. No. Kashmir is a beautiful state. It earns a lot of foreign exchange for India II. Yes. This would help settle conflicts. 12. Statement : Should new big industries be started in Mumbai? Arguments : I. Yes. It will create job opportunities. II. No. It will further add to the pollution of the city. 13. Statement : Should those who receive dowry, despite the law prohibiting it, be punished? Arguments : I. Yes. Those who violate the law must be punished. II. No. Dowry system is firmly rooted in the society since time immemorial. 14. Statement : Is pen mightier than the sword? Arguments : I. Yes. Writers influence the thinking of the people. II. No. With the help of physical force one can conquer all. 15. Statement : Should India have no military force at all? Arguments : I. No. Other countries in the world do not believe in non-violence. II. Yes. Many Indians believe in non-violence. IMPLICIT ASSUMPTIONS Directions: In each question below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I or II. Consider the statement and decide which of the given assumptions is implicit. Give answer (a) if only assumption I is implicit; (b) if only assumption II is implicit; (c) if either I or II implicit; (d) if neither I nor II is implicit and (e) if both I and II are implicit. 16. Statement: Who rises from the prayer a better man, his prayer is answered. Assumptions: I. Prayer makes a man more humane. II. Prayer atones all of our misdeeds. 17. Statement: The government has made an appeal to all the citizens to honestly pay income tax and file returns reflecting the true income level to help the government to carry out developmental activities. Assumptions: I. People may now start paying more taxes in response to the appeal. II. The total income tax collection may considerably increase in the near future. 18. Statement: Detergents should be used to clean clothes. Assumptions: I. Detergents form more lather. II. Detergents help to dislodge grease and dirt. 19. Statement: Vitamin E tablets improve circulation, keep your complexion, in a glowing condition. Assumptions: I. People like a glowing complexion. II. Complexion becomes dull in the absence of circulation. 20. Statement: His recent investment in the shares of Company A is only a gamble. Assumptions: I. He may incur loss on his investment. Shikara Academy for Competitive Examinations (Contact No ) Page 2

3 II. He may gain from his investment. COURSE OF ACTION Directions: In each questions below is given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true and on the basis of the information given in the statement, decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing. Give answer (a) if only I follows; (b) if only II follows, (c) if either I or II follows; (d) if neither I nor II follows and (e) if both I and II follow. 21. Statement: There has been a significant drop in the water level of all the lakes supplying water to the city. Courses of action: I. The water supply authority should impose a partial cut in supply to tackle the situation. II. The government should appeal to all the residents through mass media for minimal use of water. 22. Statement: The Chairman stressed the need for making education system more flexible and regretted that the curriculum has not been revised in keeping with the pace of the changes taking place. Courses of action: I. Curriculum should be reviewed and revised periodically II. System of education should be made more flexible. 23. Statement: Many medical and engineering graduates are taking up jobs in administrative services and in banks. Courses of action: I. All the professionals should be advised to refrain from taking up such jobs. II. The government should appoint a committee to find out the reasons for these professionals taking up such jobs and to suggest remedial measures. 24. Statement: Inspite of the principal s repeated warnings, a child was caught exploding crackers secretly in the school Courses of action: I. All the crackers should be taken away from the child and he should be threatened not to do it again. II. The child should be severely punished for his wrong act. 25. Statement: A large number of engineering graduates in the country are not in a position to have gainful employment at present and number of such engineers is likely to grow in the future. Courses of action: I. The government should launch attractive employment generation schemes and encourage these graduates to opt for such schemes to use their expertise and knowledge effectively. II. This happened due to proliferation of engineering colleges in the country and thereby lowered the quality of the engineering graduates. Those colleges which are not equipped to impart quality education should be closed down. STATEMENTS AND CONCLUSIONS Directions: In each of the following questions, a statement is given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Give answer Shikara Academy for Competitive Examinations (Contact No ) Page 3

4 (a) if only conclusion I follows; (b) if only conclusion II follows; (c) if either I or II follows; (d) if neither I nor II follows; (e) if both I and II follow 26. Statement: Sealed tenders are invited from competent contractors experienced in executing construction jobs. Conclusions: I Tenders are invited only from experienced contractors. II. It is difficult to find competent tenders in construction jobs. 27. Statement: Morning walks are good for health. Conclusions: I. All healthy people go for morning walks. II. Evening walks are harmful. 28. Statement: Smoking is one of those human weaknesses which tend to test the will power of the smoker to the edge. Conclusions: I.It is very difficult for the smokers to give up smoking even if they want to do so. II. Human beings have other weakness as well. 29. Statement: The distance of 900 kms by road between Bombay and Jafra will be reduced to 280 kms by sea. This will lead to a saving of Rs crores per annum on fuel. Conclusions: I. Transportation by sea is cheaper than that by road. II. Fuel must be saved to the greatest extent. 30. Statement: The percentage of the national income shared by the top 10 per cent of households in India is 35. Conclusions: I. When an economy grows fast, concentration of wealth in certain pockets of population takes place. II. The national income is unevenly distributed in India. CAUSE AND EFFECT Directions: In each of the following questions two statements numbered I and II are given. There may be cause and effect relationship between the two statements. These two statements may be the effect of the same cause or independent causes. These statements may be independent causes without having any relationship. Read both the statements in each question and mark your answer accordingly. Give answer (a) if statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect; Give answer (b) if statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect; Give answer (c) if both the statements I and II are independent causes; Give answer (d) if both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes; Give answer (e) if both the statements I and II are effects of some common causes; 31. I. The local trader s association urged all its members to close down their shops for a day to protest against the government s new tax policy. II. Many shopkeepers decided to close down their shops for the day and gave a day off to their employees. Shikara Academy for Competitive Examinations (Contact No ) Page 4

5 32. I. The prices of petroleum products dropped marginally last week. II. The State Government reduced the tax on petroleum products last week. 33. I. The staff of Airport authorities called off the strike they were observing in protest against privatization. II. The staff of Airport authorities went on strike anticipating a threat to their jobs. 34. I. Many people visited the religious place during the weekend. II. Few people visited the religious place during the week days. 35. I. The prices of vegetables have been increased considerably during this summer. II. There is tremendous increase in the temperature during this summer thereby damaging crops greatly. SELECTION CRITERIA DIRECTIONS (Q36-39) There are five men A,B,C,D and E and six women P,Q,R,S,T and U. A,B and R are advocates; C,D,P,Q and S are doctors and the rest are teachers. Some teams are to be selected from amongst these eleven persons subject to the following conditions: A,P and U have to be together B cannot go with D or R. E and Q have to be together. C and T have to be together. D and P cannot go together. C cannot go with Q. 36. If the team is to consist of two male advocates, two lady doctors and one teacher, the members of the team are (a) A,B,P,Q,U (b) A,B,P,U,S (c) A,P,R,S,U (d) B,E,Q,R,S 37. If the team is to consist of one advocate, two doctors, three teachers and C may not go with T, the members of the team are (a) A,E,P,Q,S,U (b) A,E,P,Q,T,U (c) B,E,Q,S,T,U (d) E,Q,R,S,T,U 38. If the team is to consist of one male advocate, one male doctor, one lady doctor and two teachers, the members of the team are (a) A,C,P,T,U (b)a,d,e,p,t (c) A,D,E,P,U (d) B,C,E,Q,U 39. If the team is to consist of one advocate, three doctors and one male teacher, the members of the team are (a) A,D,P,S,U (b) C,D,R,S,T (c)d,e,q,r,s (d) D,E,Q,R,T Shikara Academy for Competitive Examinations (Contact No ) Page 5