30 April 2018 The Hindu Editorial

Transcription

1 30 April 2018 The Hindu Editorial Watch full video here; Get in Touch with Tapasvi IAS To Get free Study Material on WhatsApp Save our Number as Tapasvi IAS & Send us your Name and Details. Join our Telegram Channel and turn on your notification for daily updates and monthly PDFs. Join Now Visit and Subscribe our Channel for daily free videos. Subscribe Now To get IAS 8 Subject Full Course share your details with your mobile number and location on info@upsciasexams.com 4,999/- Course launch on 13 th May Only Visit our Website and stay connected for daily updates

2 THE HINDU editorial Analysis in Hindi today EDITORIAL The Hindu Editorial Decode in Hindi DATE: 30 April 2018 Monday BY KARDAM RAVAL GENERAL STUDIES EXPERT BY: UPSC IAS EXAM YOUTUBE CHANNEL

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4 Today s Roadmap Substance and optics of the summit Wisdom at Wuhan Pyongyang s next steps Food first: on child nutrition FUN FACT ANALYSIS' VOCABULARY

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8 FUN FACT YESTERDAY S ANSWER Part 3 of Indian Constitution consisting fundamental rights Under article 12 to article 35. The Global Hunger Index (GHI) is a multidimensional statistical tool used to describe the state of countries hunger situation. The GHI measures progress and failures in the global fight against hunger. The GHI is updated once a year. The Index ranks countries on a 100-point scale, with 0 being the best score (no hunger) and 100 being the worst, although neither of these extremes is reached in practice. Values less than 10.0 reflect low hunger, values from 10.0 to 19.9 reflect moderate hunger, values from 20.0 to 34.9 indicate serious hunger, values from 35.0 to 49.9 reflect alarming hunger, and values of 50.0 or more reflect extremely alarming hunger levels. Which is the first aircraft to be inducted in Indian Air Force?

9 Wisdom at Wuhan PM Modi and President Xi change the tenor of India-China ties. They must build on it. For an informal summit, the Wuhan meeting between PM Modi and President Xi appeared to cover much ground over the two days in terms of public appearances and in the two statements issued. The statements denoted the wide range of subjects discussed, from bilateral to regional and global challenges. On the bilateral front, they decided to issue strategic guidance to their militaries to strengthen communication, essentially to avoid another Doklam-like confrontation. Both sides addressed measures to better balance the ballooning trade deficit of about $52 billion (of about $84 billion bilateral trade), mostly by encouraging agricultural and pharmaceutical exports to China. Mr. Modi and Mr. Xi discussed a joint project in Afghanistan.

10 Finally, they attempted to reduce the heat over unresolved issues and so-called irritants in the relationship, such as China s block on India s NSG(Nuclear Supply Group) membership bid or the UN s terror designation for Pakistan-based groups, and India s opposition to the Belt and Road Initiative. Such a conciliatory approach from Delhi and Beijing has been evident over the last few months of preparation for the Wuhan meeting, with both sides turning down the post- Doklam rhetoric. While their previous meetings, in 2015, 2016 and 2017, were preceded or overshadowed by a military standoff or Chinese army intrusion, this time the air has been relatively calm. The message from Wuhan is an overarching one: that despite bilateral and geopolitical differences, India and China can resolve differences peacefully and through prolonged dialogue. Despite hundreds of years of engaging each other, the two neighbours have been to war only once; since the Agreement on the Maintenance of Peace and Tranquility was signed in 1993, neither side has fired a weapon along the 3,500-km boundary, which is largely undemarcated. The Wuhan summit has recommitted India and China to managing bilateral relations in a manner that creates the conditions for the Asian Century, and Mr. Modi and Mr. Xi are well-placed to proceed along that path.

11 Substance and optics of the summit The Wuhan summit has underlined the necessity of an entente cordiale between the two countries, which have become increasingly distrustful of each other. The 2017 military standoff at the Doklam tri-junction and the war of words that followed vitiated a relationship that was already reeling under a great deal of pressure. In December, the two Foreign Ministers met in New Delhi followed by a meeting between China s then state councilor Yang Jiechi and NSA Ajit Doval, again in New Delhi. Then in February this year, Foreign Secretary Vijay Gokhale visited China. The Wuhan summit was preceded by the visits of MEA Sushma Swaraj and Defence Minister Nirmala Sitaraman to China for Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) meetings.

12 Entente Cordiale The Entente Cordiale (cordial agreement) a friendly agreement or relationship between two countries.

13 The run-up to Wuhan These hectic diplomatic activities were accompanied by a clear change of tone in Beijing and New Delhi, reflecting a positive rethink on bilateral ties and a desire to avoid future military standoffs. The fact that the meeting had no pre-defined agenda and was called informal indicates that it was crucial for domestic political messaging too. China is unlike India s other neighbours. It is India s biggest trading partner, and in many ways unavoidable from an economic and geopolitical point of view. The Wuhan summit and the warmth and chemistry between the two leaders also needs to be viewed in this context.

14 Outcomes The summit s outcomes may have been limited but are very valuable to stabilise the relationship. The most significant outcome pertains to the contested border. Modi and Xi underscored the importance of maintaining peace and tranquility in all areas of the India-China border region. This basically means that the two countries have realised that local military activities on the border and tactical factors can have strategic and political implications and that not everything that happens on the India-China border between the two militaries is politically sanctioned. In 2013, New Delhi and Beijing signed the border defence cooperation agreement which aimed at maintaining peace along the Line of Actual Control. In 2015, during Mr. Modi s visit to China, the two countries further agreed to carry out annual visits and exchanges between the two Military Headquarters and neighbouring military commands, endeavour to operationalise the hotline between the two Military Headquarters, expand the exchanges between the border commanders, and establish border personnel meeting points at all sectors of the India-China border areas.

15 Pyongyang s next steps Why North Korea is likely to use the Indian nuclear deal model in negotiations North Korea and South Korea have jointly declared that the Korean war will be finally over. Denuclearisation is key to the whole process as it means different things to different people. For the U.S., the models are Iraq, Libya and the former republics of the Soviet Union, which surrendered their nuclear assets in return for peace and normalisation. But DPRK seems to have another model in mind; an Indian model nuclear deal in which it gets recognised as a technologically advanced responsible state on the basis of certain strategic assurances.

16 New Delhi s trajectory India s nuclear test of 1974 was as shocking to the world as the North Korean tests of later years, but India went about it in stages, by serving notice on the world that it was keeping the nuclear option open in the face of a direct nuclear threat from China since 1964 and the danger of China passing on nuclear secrets to Pakistan. No serious discussion had ever taken place with the U.S. or the international community on India s concerns till New Delhi established beyond doubt that India had crashed irreversibly into the nuclear club. The U.S., which initially had refused to be dragged into a discussion and only wanted to punish India, entered into the most detailed and intricate Jaswant Singh-Strobe Talbott dialogue for two years and ended up in an understanding in 2000 and a nuclear deal in Mr. Kim is obviously hoping to reach a similar agreement with the U.S. to legitimise his nuclear arsenal and earn a designation similar to India s technologically advanced responsible state.

17 In a way, Mr. Kim has gone further than India by suspending all missile tests and taking steps to shut down a nuclear test site, to which the U.S., South Korea and China have reacted positively. North Korea must be aware that soon after the Indian nuclear tests of 1998, U.S. President Bill Clinton had made an offer to India that he would refrain from imposing sanctions under the Glen Amendment if India agreed forthwith to sign and ratify the Comprehensive Nuclear- Test-Ban Treaty. Mr. Kim has anticipated the demand and declared cessation of all tests. Now the only demand that the U.S. can make, apart from verifying Mr. Kim s claims, is to eliminate North Korea s nuclear arsenal. Here again Mr. Kim is likely to use the Indian model to bargain for normal relations with the U.S. on the basis of guarantees such as minimum deterrence, non-first use, no tests and commitment to nuclear disarmament in keeping with global developments.

18 Food first: on child nutrition There is no substitute for hot-cooked meals to address poor child nutrition Raising nutritional standards for young children has become a policy imperative only in recent years, with the National Food Security Act, 2013, incorporating the mandate in Schedule II, and the Supplementary Nutrition (Integrated Child Development Services Scheme) Rules, 2017, laying down entitlements. the newly-formed inter-ministerial National Council on India s Nutrition Challenges has chosen to continue the current practice, overruling the Minister for Women and Child Development, Maneka Gandhi, who proposed distribution of packaged nutrients to beneficiaries. The National Family Health Survey-4 shows a drop in underweight and stunted children under five years of age compared to the previous survey, but the absolute numbers are still high. An estimated 35.7% children are underweight and 38.4% are stunted in that age group. In a recent report, Nourishing India, the NITI Aayog refers to acute malnutrition levels of about 25% in some States.

19 VOCABULARY Confrontation (noun) = Conflict, clash (व र ध) Irritant (noun) = Annoyance, irritation Conciliatory (adj) = Intended or likely to placate or pacify (व ल प करन ल ) Intrusion (noun) = Infiltration, obtrusion (अव क र ण) Stand-off (noun) = Deadlock (गव र ध) Discourse (noun) = Dialogue, conversation (ब च ) Autonomy (noun) = Self-government, independence (स वर ज य) Vocal (adj) = Uttered, oral ( ख क) Rile (verb) = Make annoyed or irritated (क र वध करन ) Indeed (adv) = Really ( स त ) Secede (verb) = Differ (अलग ह न ) Indestructible (adj) = Unbreakable (अव न श ) Vestige (noun) = Remainder, indication (अ श ष) Reap (verb) = Receive as a consequence one s own action (फल भ गन ) Salvage (verb) = Rescue, recover (क षव स बच न ) Confederation (noun) = Alliance, association ( ह स घ) Prudent (adj) = Well judged, judicious (व क )

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