Marginalization And Its Role In Social Pathos ( Case study Ardebil city)

Transcription

1 International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences 2013 Available online at ISSN X / Vol, 7 (5): Science Explorer Publications Marginalization And Its Role In Social Pathos ( Case study Ardebil city) Yousef Darvishi 1,Delavar Masoumi 2 1. Department of geography, Payame Noor University, PO BOX Tehran, I.R of IRAN 2. MAgraduade in geography and urban planning,, Payame Noor University, PO BOX Tehran, I.R of IRAN Correspond author masoumidelavar@yahoo.com ABSTRACT: Rapid growth, increasing urbanization and rural-urban migration, informal habitant has brought the issue of marginalization and proportionate to spread disorder in urban areas. Therefore, the role of social marginalization in the incidence of injury is important because one of the problems in today's Third World urbanization, marginalization and social damage that caused by it.spread of marginalization in ardebil city and informal habitantin this city caused that disorder threat become in this part of city that we attempet in this research to distinguish species of social injury in part of marginal city. The research method was descriptive and analytical study of the inferred resource has been obtained. Random sampling was the marginalization of Ardebil, Mir Ashraf neighborhoods selected as a model to estimate the sample size for the questionnaire distributed to the Cochrane methodology was used. Since the 1896 households on the basis of this method, 90 households in the sample were selected and questionnaires on randomly selected households were distributed and collected information by questionnaire data using SPSS software to analyse and evaluate, and the conclusions and recommendations in this case was presented to fit. Keywords: urban growth, migration, marginalization, land use change, social damages INTRODUCTION Urbanization is one of the most important phenomena of our times. Iranian revolution and rapid urbanization has been very rapid, and the pattern of urban development and urban single dominant model was also pragmatic focus. In the past three or four decades, many of the canvas (Boom) behind, including several oil boom, urbanization and urban population (population explosion)., In such circumstances, the consequences of urbanization is associated injustices of distribution, marginalization of growth, expansion of social pathologies. the city is faced with many challenges. Some of these challenges are related to unnormal tissue conditions and unbridled physical (marginalization) and some of the challenges related to social, cultural and economic impact of this urban phenomenon. One of the most important cities of the ugly phenomenon of marginalization of developing countries and people that migrate to city in result of skills cant work in city market and step to step go to lies work so havent suitable income for prepare of shelter and result live in marginal of city.and build a shelter with basic supplies into the city life, or at least the possibilities are. So due to lack of employment, adequate income and special problems marginalization, social cause of damage is this part. (Kabiri, 2001).produce of Ardebil city to province center only provide of require infrastruction and city and rural unmanagement system.cause that rural people migrate to this city and lack equipment condition for new migrate people to city and better income cause extend physical unarrangment The city was named marginalization with respect to the spread of the phenomenon of social harm in these areas expanded. MATERIALS AND METHODS Method should be selected based on the research topic, since this type of research on social vulnerability marginal Ardebil is the descriptive research method - derived from an analysis of survey and field research as

2 sources of information used.for result of marginal expand in ardebil city and unability to study of all.srlectedmirashraf local for example and for sample size and distribute of questionairecochran method is used.the data and information analysis with spsssoft ware and gives proposed and results. Theoretical Ecological implications of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, scientists regarded the various branches of science and urban studies will also be influenced by the flow rate. Between , Patrick Gdz worked above all in terms of urban ecology. In this course, theories of coordination and relationship between "town and region", "urban environment", the urban areas were considered. Patrick Gdz ideas in the field of "social harmony necessary cities' urban designers drew heavily on various aspects of urban ecology is more respect and credibility. Patrick Gdz pursuance studies, by researchers in this field known as: Mark Jefferson, and Lewis Patrick AbrkrumyMamfred continued and new directions in urban studies and urban ecology raised.urban social geography perspective on the cognitive components of social pathology emphasizes the city's geography, the social pathology of urban areas in terms of histological organization of urban space is considered. Theory about the emergence of marginalized is a theory that has been launched in Latin America and it is argued that the development of regional integration in Latin America provided are methods of capitalist production. The emergence of the theory of marginalization include: Theory of urban land use The most important theory about the emergence of marginalized urban land use theory. In this theory, the city takes the form of a judicial system, a diverse group of urban competitiveness in order to meet the competitive position of the city. In this case, the losers in this competitive rich gaming floor area for affordable housing posts are choosing to rise resulting in phenomena such as slum dwellers, marginalized slum and... etc. (Harvey 1973). Growth pole theory Growth pole theory, including theories based on economic growth, which is rooted in neoclassical economics are the 1950 (sarrafi, 2002). Based on this theory, the development of different parts of the same will not start, but it is a starting point. Actually the starting point for the development and growth engine for motivation and adjacent areas will be converted. Other intellectual, industrial growth poles Buduyl knew that reach the stage of full development, the economic surplus is transferred to the surrounding areas and develop them. The idea of the Third World policy makers were faced with a serious interest, as if it had its own version of an economic illness. The result of this policy, the rise of industrial cities in the hope of realizing the promise of growth pole theory, practice.so did not realize such goals but the emerging industrial cities became an obstacle to development, so much so that even in the closest surrounding did not develop well. As the appearance of uneven development and marginalization and ugly in the form of the results is considered. Comments related to land use The system today is one of the key areas of amassing wealth and social inequality in cities has become worse and in turn has added to the problems of urban planning. (Mehdizadeh, 2002) City and marginalization in Iran In recent years because of withdrawals, and making economic policy, employment in urban areas to the detriment of rural employment has been rising. Loss of appeal for agriculture and rural low income, who are faced with a shortage of agricultural land, causing widespread migration from the countryside to towns and cities around the marginalization of a big cities. (Tavassoli, 2001). Factors shaping the social damage marginalization Impairment in social studies, a series of factors have come together to provide the underlying offense. Each of these factors requires extensive studies and bringing them to a walk and an error even though the social factors can be a outlined many of the factors. However it is better to separate the issues challenged. Economic factors The social impact of economic factors on the injury, many different perspectives and research has been done and the same number of contradictions and inconsistencies in the findings are also seen. 285

3 Very brief and transient, the hypothesis that there are two approaches: one is a direct correlation between damage and social and economic conditions, the economic conditions in a community that describes how the economic boom be good and the control the same Delinquency rates will be greater than (Mashhadizade, Dehaghani, 2001). Poor and marginalized culture Impact on behavior affects the amount of income that is lower than any methods to earn money on the leaves. An undeniable fact that family and friends and even co those who can notnot afford Financial, personify are sociallyremarkable. Devastating poverty and poor. Poor people will get to do a lot of exercise. The impact of poverty on health, quality of life and opportunities for cultural, educational, non-skeptical. Poverty of the company's social, political and economic diminishes. The poor people havent health facilities, education, welfare and comfort the inconvenience of the time it tends to be social. Lack of social justice class slot Lack of equitable distribution of wealth among all segments of society and the acquisition of wealth and power in the hands of a certain class of society, and consequently the resistance of the structure to be offended.it can promote. On the other hand, the most marginalized people in society are part of the working class, the class conflict and class decision under treatment is granted and any attempt to maintain their position. access to geographical patho Suasion on the outskirts of breath means more than the big cities. Well as the criminals in these areas can be better and easier to hide and escape from social control. Congestion and overcrowding in these areas will be increasing the number of does the same offenders. Aside from what was said, one of his clubs in this neighborhood is crime-prone and problematic that different raise your heart offenders. In areas such as the center of family, youth, and their physical and emotional needs are not being met and informal controls, such as family or school to complete them leisure and not have to go to the streets, they attract the same age groups. ANALYTICAL RESULTS RELATED TO A VARIETY OF SOCIAL PATHOLOGIES IN NEIGHBORHOODS, MIR ASHRAF After analyzing the questionnaire and data analysis by SPSS software, social damages in the neighborhood of MirAshraf according to the priority of social trauma questions in the questionnaire were analyzed to extract in below table. Table 1. Types of social harm in order to marginalization Mir Ashraf social harm percent of respondents (pretty much) the proportion of responders (very low) Addiction 91/7 8/3 Stolen 83/4 16/6 Family dispute resolution 70/8 29/2 DIVORCE 68/7 31/3 Homicide 68/7 31/3 Spouse abuse 60/4 39/6 Child Abuse 27/1 72/9 Beggary 17/1 82/9 Suicide 8/4 91/6 addiction And drug The tables and figures we know that social harm, including addiction by 7/91 of the greatest social damage in the neighborhood of Mir Ashraf is allocated. The reason for this is that some aspects of the analysis that we refer to these factors. by the desire to point out some stress and drug use is higher in these areas. Poverty and the inability or unwillingness of formal market economy, to attract marginalized, they are brought to the market to unofficial activities. Market some of its products among and delinquent activities such as illegal drugs, theft, prostitution are. Financial problems as the main factors being drawn into drugs, is to 286

4 swamp.they were not even deemed desirable social system. fill leisure centers populated poor, marginalized and generally crime-prone neighborhoods are more important. often marginalized areas and because many of these factors are visible addiction one's hands and pushed the drugs. Theft After the neighborhood drug Mirashraf marginalization, social, stealing second, which is devoted to an analysis of its causes and some are still being debated: Crimes against property such as theft and financial needs of its poverty, unemployment, drug addiction, revenge and hated and envy that most of these factors can be seen in marginalized areas. In most cases, these people settled in the prosperous areas, medium-sized cities are attempting to steal. Marginalized in the Mir Ashraf theft of electricity, water, gas and telephone are also common. Because these regions, especially in the first stages of the formation of the above services are lacking in some way or another and with hidden wiring and plumbing to steal water, electricity, gas, phone nearest possible (Residential such Industrial trade and services) sectors. Family discord and spouse abuse marginalized areas is rampant and no family is exempt from this, but sometimes these things can lead to serious conflicts. enough that it disputes the lack of a well-functioning, healthy family is the first and oldest social institution. kind of disputes Strong families are not compatible with each other, parents and children in marginalized areas of Mir Ashraf Unfortunately her parents do not match needs. Divorce more difficult economic conditions in the areas of divorce, abuse their spouses and children, lack of jobs, unemployment is long. Divorce, personal issues, social and economic affluence leads. Murder social patho types for example addiction,theft,familydispute,divorce and murder are common and much social patho in mirashraf neighborhood and injuries such beggary and suicide in order to have the least, because its behavior can be expressed in terms of geography, because most types of personal injury, social and mental state that turns the environmental factor and personality play a role in the occurrence of such damage.figure 1point to social patho types in mirashraf neighborhood. Figure 1 287

5 CONCLUSIONS In general, the SarvestaniSadiq (1999) puts it, the two of marginalized cultural (rural and urban) is dependent on and yet no one, absolutely no desire to belong.be. One can live a marginal threat is to the urban system and the drift to the sidelines, a lot of problems for the residents of this region is associated with. Ardebil is also widely faced with this dilemma, the continued marginalization areas, so that the physical geography of the city has undergone extreme heterogeneity and abnormalities, and the proportion of social patho have followed. 120 thousand of the population now live in Ardebil in marginalized areas, mostly rural migrants and the marginal conditions of Mir Ashraf and the field study that was conducted, the recommendations contained in the following marginalization and injuries offered. to deal with the social pathologies such as theft, drugs, scientific and effective strategies be developed to suit local cultural and social status. activity over Welfare and Relief Committee in marginalized areas to combat poverty in the region The chief executives and political attitudes marginalized as one of the priority areas to focus on poverty elimination and reorganization of its prevailing culture of poverty Increase health care, education and economic development in rural areas and small towns to reduce and eliminate incentives for migration reinforce security measures to control population. REFERENCES Asghari A Research on the process of marginalization, "A Case Study of Tabriz" research journal, research, education, management, and urban planning. Sociale Ardebil Statistics governor of Ardebil. Rabbani R, Kohan A. 2003marginalized and participation of Culture, No. 34, Farid M urban sociology,negah, Sheikh MT urban sociology, and urban planning architect, Sheikh MT Sociology of Citizenship and pathology - harir - Karimi P towns and cities of the world - Tehran Municipality, Harvey D Social Justice and the City, Tehran Municipality, Todaro M Economic Development in the Third World, translated by. farjadi,gh, Planning Department. Bhagat RB.2001.urbanization in India, Brazil, general population conference. Costello Michael A "Slums and Squatter Areas as Enterpots for Rural-Urban migrants in a Less Developed Society". Social forces, vol 66, No. Available at: Martin C Ethnolog D 'un Bodonville de Lima, Paris, Harmattan. Raulin A AnthropologieUrbaine, Parise, Armand Colin. Safa H The Urborn Poor of Puerto Rico; a Study in Development and Inequality, New York: Holt. Rinehart & Winston. 1. von 8). Shakouyie H Social ecology of urban social geography of the city, Tehran, Second Edition, published by the Institute for Academic Jihad (majd). kinia M Principles of Criminology, Volume II, Tehran University Press, Tehran MashadyzadehDehaghani N Urban Planning in India, Science and Technology Press, third edition, Tehran Hadizadehbazzaz M marginalization and solutions organization in the world, Mashhad FerdowsiUniversity Immigration and border in the city, coordinating and Planning Department Planning Department Patineh J rural migration, translation doctor Mohammad Momeni tile, Tehran, organizations, publications, and training Islamic Revolution, irst Edition. Alizadeh M migration and marginalization in Iran, published by the PBO. Hafez Nia MR.2004.Introduction to a study in the humanities, samt Studied the development of Ardebil, Budget Planning, 2000 Pirmoazen K concerned citizens, azarsabalan, Hadizadeh N marginalization and ways of organizing the world, Mashhad Municipality, 288