DIPLOMETRICS: MULTILATERAL TREATY INSTRUMENTS CODEBOOK (TREATIES CODEBOOK)

Transcription

1 DIPLOMETRICS: MULTILATERAL TREATY INSTRUMENTS CODEBOOK (TREATIES CODEBOOK) Version number: Authors: Jonathan D. Moyer, PhD David K. Bohl Sara Turner Frederick S. Pardee Center for International Futures Josef Korbel School of International Studies University of Denver 2201 South Gaylord Street Denver, Colorado Contact: 1

2 Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank the people who help build and analyze the treaty data. This project would not have been possible without their perseverance and hard work. We would also like to thank Professor Barry Hughes for his invaluable insight and support from conceptualization of this subject to data collection and analysis. Lastly, we extend our gratitude to the U.S. government for providing support for this project. 2

3 CONTENTS The Goals of the Project... 4 Citation... 4 Data Collection Process... 4 Spatial-Temporal Domain... 4 Identifying Cases... 4 Coding System... 5 Coding from Main Treaty Page... 5 Coding from Full Details List... 6 Datasets and Variables... 6 Available formats... 6 Variables... 6 Compatibility with other Datasets... 6 Notes... 7 Individual Treaties... 7 League of Nations Treaties Administered by the United Nations... 7 Treaty Initiation Date... 9 Coding Beyond Country Death Year... 9 Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia... 9 Coding Territories... 9 Country Denunciation or Expiration Treaty Termination or Expiration Treaty Entry into Force Summary Statistics Graph of treaty frequencies for each year in the dataset Works Cited in Codebook Appendixes Appendix A: List of Treaties Included in Data Appendix B: List of Countries in MIS Version Appendix C: Treaty Aims

4 THE GOALS OF THE PROJECT The goal of this project was to collect data on country membership in multilateral treaty instruments deposited with the United Nations across time. CITATION Cite data as follows: Moyer, Jonathan D., David K. Bohl, and Sara Turner. Multilateral Treaty Instruments Codebook. Diplometrics. Denver, CO: Frederick S. Pardee Center for International Futures, Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver, DATA COLLECTION PROCESS SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DOMAIN The data collected is measured annually from 1945 to 2015 and utilize the Members of the Interstate System Version 2.0 country list containing 280 entities. IDENTIFYING CASES These data were sourced from the online database of the United Nations Treaty Collection, which, as of January 1 st 2016 contained information on 632 multilateral instruments and their component parts (United Nations 2016b). In the online database, each treaty has its own page containing information on state parties and their level of participation in the treaty instrument. These pages also contain footnoted information on past members and participation of now-defunct state entities. Data collection was done through a manual process with hand coding used to capture individual country participation in each treaty, changes in that participation across time and information contained in the endnotes. 591 treaties are included in our data, which exclude 33 entities which were transferred from the League of Nations to the UN upon its dissolution. 4

5 Treaty Count by Year CODING SYSTEM Data on country participation was created and stored in individual files for each agreement. Country participation was coded each year as a not participating in an agreement (0), partial participation such as signing but not ratifying an agreement (1), or full participation such as signing and ratifying (2) depending on the degree to which a state entity had adopted the treaty. If a treaty did not exist in a given year or the country did not exist, this was coded as a null. Below we detail general coding guidelines. Note, though, that while coding rules are generally determined by action language (e.g. signature), they are meant to capture the progression of a state s level of participation in the treaty, and are therefore guided by a degree of subjectivity. See the notes section for full descriptions of the different levels of participation captured by the coding scheme. Coding from Main Treaty Page Most treaties were coded from the landing page for each treaty which usually had the country participation information contained within it. If a country had signed or applied a treaty in a given year, this was coded as a 1 (hereafter referred to as signed ). If a country had ratified, accepted, approved, or succeeded to the treaty, this was coded as a 2 (hereafter referred to as ratified ). Type of Action Treaty or Country Does not exist or treaty has no participants Treaty and country exist, but country has not signed treaty Treaty and country exist, and country has Signed or Applied the treaty Treaty and country exist, and country has Ratified, Accepted (A), Approved (AA), Acceded (a), or Succeeded (d) treaty Table 1: Level of Participation in Treaty Insturment Code Null

6 Coding from Full Details List In cases where country participation was not listed in the main treaty page, we used the Full Details link at the top of the page which provides a more detailed description of country participation. This list uses a slightly different terminology, requiring an adjusted set of coding rules, which were determined based upon the glossary definitions of each (United Nations 2016a). Actions are coded using the dates listed under the Date of Notification/Deposit section. Type of Action Provisional acceptance 1 Provisional application 1 Definitive signature 2 Approval 2 Definitive acceptance 2 Participation 2 Assumption: rights/obligations 2 Code Declaration Admission of membership null null Table 2: Country Participation Rubric DATASETS AND VARIABLES AVAILABLE FORMATS Data are being released in the following formats: Country-Treaty-Year: This dataset represents country membership in multilateral treaties annually from 1945 to VARIABLES Although specific dates of country participation were available for the majority of agreements, the data was coded and is displayed in country-year format. COMPATIBILITY WITH OTHER DATASETS The country name list used in this project is compatible with standard CoW country codes. Though CoW codes are not included in the dataset itself, a concordance list is included in the MIS database for users who wish to use these data in conjunction with other data which utilize the CoW country list. 6

7 This dataset can be used in conjunction with the IGO Weights dataset, which measures the relative prominence of each instrument. NOTES Individual Treaties Treaties with No Participants 1 The following 8 treaties contained no participants and were not included in the data set. Treaty Code Treaty Description VI-4 Agreement concerning the Suppression of the Manufacture of, Internal Trade in, and Use of, Prepared Opium. Geneva, 11 February 1925 VI-10 Agreement concerning the Suppression of Opium Smoking. Bangkok, 27 November 1931 X-1-b Havana Charter for an International Trade Organization. Havana, 24 March 1948 XI-D-2-a Protocol to the Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Passengers and Luggage by Inland Waterway (CVN). Geneva, 5 July 1978 XIX-10-e Third extension of the International Sugar Agreement, 1973, as further extended*. Geneva, 31 August 1977 XIX-15-a Extension of the International Coffee Agreement, 1976*. London, 25 September 1981 XIX-15-b International Coffee Agreement, 1976, as extended*. London, 25 September 1981 XIX-19 Agreement establishing the International Tropical Timber Bureau*. Geneva, 9 November 1977 League of Nations Treaties Administered by the United Nations The following 33 treaties were originally deposited with the Secretary General of the League of Nations, but were transferred to the custody of the United Nations upon the dissolution of LoN in They are not included in the current dataset. Treaty Code Treaty Description PARTII-1 International Convention concerning the Use of Broadcasting in the Cause of Peace. Geneva, 23 September 1936 PARTII-2 Special Protocol concerning Statelessness. The Hague, 12 April 1930 PARTII-3 Protocol relating to a Certain Case of Statelessness. The Hague, 12 April 1930 PARTII-4 Convention on Certain Questions relating to the Conflict of Nationality Laws. The Hague, 12 April Treaty I-3 contains no participants in the UNTC database but contains a note stating that all the participants in I-1 and I-2 had also signed and ratified I-3. For this reason Treaty I-3 is coded as having the same participants as I-1 and I-2. 7

8 PARTII-5 Protocol relating to Military Obligations in Certain Cases of Double Nationality. The Hague, 12 April 1930 PARTII-6 Protocol on Arbitration Clauses. Geneva, 24 September 1923 PARTII-7 Convention on the Execution of Foreign Arbitral Awards. Geneva, 26 September 1927 PARTII-8 Convention for the Settlement of Certain Conflicts of Laws in connection with Bills of Exchange and Promissory Notes. Geneva, 7 June 1930 PARTII-9 Convention for the Settlement of Certain Conflicts of Laws in connection with Cheques. Geneva, 19 March 1931 PARTII-10 Convention providing a Uniform Law for Bills of Exchange and Promissory Notes. Geneva, 7 June 1930 PARTII-11 Convention providing a Uniform Law for Cheques. Geneva, 19 March 1931 PARTII-12 Convention on the Stamp Laws in connection with Bills of Exchange and Promissory Notes. Geneva, 7 June 1930 PARTII-13 Convention on the Stamp Laws in connection with Cheques. Geneva, 19 March 1931 PARTII-14-a International Convention for the Suppression of Counterfeiting Currency. Geneva, 20 April 1929 PARTII-14-b Protocol to the International Convention for the Suppression of Counterfeiting Currency. Geneva, 20 April 1929 PARTII-15 Optional Protocol regarding the Suppression of Counterfeiting Currency. Geneva, 20 April 1929 PARTII-16 Convention and Statute on Freedom of Transit. Barcelona, 20 April 1921 PARTII-17 Convention and Statute on the Regime of Navigable Waterways of International Concern. Barcelona, 20 April 1921 PARTII-18 Additional Protocol to the Convention on the Regime of Navigable Waterways of International Concern. Barcelona, 20 April 1921 PARTII-19 Declaration recognising the Right to a Flag of States having no Seacoast. Barcelona, 20 April 1921 PARTII-20 Convention and Statute on the International Régime of Maritime Ports. Geneva, 9 December 1923 PARTII-21 Convention on the Taxation of Foreign Motor Vehicles. Geneva, 30 March 1931 PARTII-22 International Convention relating to the Simplification of Customs Formalities. Geneva, 3 November 1923 PARTII-23 International Convention for the Campaign against Contagious Diseases of Animals. Geneva, 20 February 1935 PARTII-24 International Convention concerning the Transit of Animals, Meat and Other Products of Animal Origin. Geneva, 20 February 1935 PARTII-25 International Convention concerning the Export and Import of Animal Products (other than Meat, Meat Preparations, Fresh Animal Products, Milk and Milk Products). Geneva, 20 February 1935 PARTII-26 Convention establishing an International Relief Union. Geneva, 12 July 1927 PARTII-27 Convention on the International Régime of Railways. Geneva, 9 December

9 PARTII-28 Convention regarding the Measurement of Vessels employed in Inland Navigation. Paris, 27 November 1925 PARTII-29 General Act of Arbitration (Pacific Settlement of International Disputes). Geneva, 26 September 1928 PARTII-30 Convention concerning the Unification of Road Signals. Geneva, 30 March 1931 PARTII-31 Agreement concerning Maritime Signals. Lisbon, 23 October 1930 PARTII-32 Convention relating to the Non-Fortification and Neutralisation of the Aaland Islands. Geneva, 20 October 1921 PARTII-33 Agreement concerning Manned Lightships not on their Stations. Lisbon, 23 October 1930 Treaty Initiation Date Coding for each treaty begins with the convention date. For instance, the coding for Treaty II-1 starts in This rule stands regardless of whether the signing or ratification date listed precedes the initial date (e.g. Treaty III-2.17, Italy), or if no countries participated in the first year. In the latter case 0s are filled in for all existing countries for years where no country has signed or ratified. It also stands if the treaty was signed before 1945, in which case coding begins in 1945 (LoN treaties). Coding Beyond Country Death Year Signed and Ratified coding extends beyond a country s death date to the most recent year, with the exception of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. Common examples of countries that may be coded past their death year include the Democratic Republic of Germany, the Democratic Republic of Yemen, and the Netherlands Antilles. Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia Users should also note that there are discrepancies in the treatment of Czechoslovakia during the 1970s, when its notation for signing versus ratifying is unclear in the footnotes. Finally, for states formerly included in Yugoslavia and the Czechoslovakia, coding of 1 is used for the de facto application of a treaty. For an example see Treaty XI-B Coding Territories In the notes section of several treaties, a list is provided of colonized or occupied territories to which the treaty applies based on the occupying power s signature, accession, ratification, etc. Territories coding mirrors that of the parent state as a rule, and extends to the most recent year regardless of date of independence or death. Territorial coding includes territories whose name changed upon independence (e.g. The Belgian Congo is coded as the DRC and Comoro Archipelago is coded as Comoros). However, territorial coding was not applied to territories that did not become sovereigns. Likewise, territorial coding was not applied when specific territory names are not listed (e.g. all areas for the international relations of which [COUNTRY] is responsible ). While territorial coding is generally identical to that of the parent state, there is one exception to this rule. If a territory to which an occupying power applied a treaty later achieves independence and independently signs or ratifies the treaty, then its territorial coding starts as a 1 and is changed to a 2 9

10 when action taken by the newly-independent state, regardless of whether it is a signature or ratification. Similarly, if a territory is transferred from one power to another, it is coded 1 under the first country and 2 under the second country (e.g. Treaty XXVII-3, Hong Kong under Great Britain then China). Country Denunciation or Expiration Countries which denounce or withdraw are reverted back to Not Participating starting in the year of denunciation or withdrawal. Likewise, coding returns to Not Participating in the case of the expiration of a signature or ratification in the first year after the end of the stated time period. The date of denunciation, withdrawal, or expiration is taken from the notes section. Treaty Termination or Expiration Treaties which are terminated or which expire are coded as 0 for all countries starting in the year following its termination or expiration. For an example see Treaty III Treaty Entry into Force If the conditions for a treaty s entry into force were not met, it is coded at 0s for all years following its convention date. For an example see Treaty X-1-b. If a treaty was provisionally entered into force it is coded normally. For an example see Treaty X-1-a. SUMMARY STATISTICS GRAPH OF TREATY FREQUENCIES FOR EACH YEAR IN THE DATASET Number of observations by type No Signed/Ratified Ratified Signed 10

11 WORKS CITED IN CODEBOOK Jonathan Moyer, David K. Bohl, John McPhee, and Sara Turner Multilateral Treaty Instrument Weights Codebook. Diplometrics. Denver, CO: Frederick S. Pardee Center for International Futures, Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver. Jonathan Moyer, and Sara Turner Members of the Interstate System Codebook. United Nations. 2016a. Glossary of Terms Relating to Treaty Actions. United Nations Treaty Collection b. Multilateral Treaties Deposited wth the United Nations Secretary General. United Nations Treaty Collection. APPENDIXES APPENDIX A: LIST OF TREATIES INCLUDED IN DATA Treaty Code Treaty Description Charter of the United Nations (deposited in the archives of the Government of the United I-1 States of America). San Francisco, 26 June 1945 Declarations of acceptance of the obligations contained in the Charter of the United I-2 Nations. San Francisco, 24 October 1945 Statute of the International Court of Justice (deposited in the archives of the Government I-3 of the United States of America). San Francisco, 24 October 1945 Declarations recognizing as compulsory the jurisdiction of the International Court of I-4 Justice under Article 36, paragraph 2, of the Statute of the Court. 15 October 1946 Amendments to Articles 23,27 and 61 of the Charter of the United Nations, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations in resolutions 1991 A and B (XVIII) of 17 I-5-a December New York, 17 December 1963 Amendment to Article 109 of the Charter of the United Nations, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations in resolution 2101 (XX) of 20 December New York, I-5-b 20 December 1965 Amendment to Article 61 of the Charter of the United Nations, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations in resolution 2847 (XXVI) of 20 December New I-5-c York, 20 December 1971 Revised General Act for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes. New York, 28 II-1 April 1949 Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations. New York, 13 III-1 February 1946 Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. New York, 21 III-2 November 1947 Annex I - International Labour Organisation (ILO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and III-2-1 Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. San Francisco, 10 July 1948 Annex II - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Washington, III November

12 III-2-2a III-2-2b III-2-3 III-2-4 III-2-5 III-2-6 III-2-7 III-2-7a III-2-7b III-2-7c III-2-8 III-2-9 III-2-10 III-2-11 III-2-12 III-2-12a III-2-12b III-2-13 III-2-14 III-2-15 III-2-16 Revised text of Annex II - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Rome, 20 November 1959 Second revised text of Annex II - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Rome, 8 December 1965 Annex III - International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Geneva, 21 June 1948 Annex IV - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Paris, 7 February 1949 Annex V - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Washington, 11 April 1949 Annex VI - International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Washington, 19 April 1949 Annex VII - World Health Organization (WHO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Geneva, 17 July 1948 Revised text of Annex VII - World Health Organization (WHO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Geneva, 26 May 1950 Second revised text of Annex VII - World Health Organization (WHO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Geneva, 27 May 1957 Third revised text of Annex VII - World Health Organization (WHO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Minneapolis, 17 July 1958 Annex VIII - Universal Postal Union (UPU) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Geneva, 25 May 1949 Annex IX - International Telecommunication Union (ITU) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Geneva, 6 October 1950 Annex X - International Refugee Organization (IRO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies*. Geneva, 29 March 1949 Annex XI - World Meteorological Organization (WMO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Paris, 17 April 1951 Annex XII - International Maritime Organization (IMO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. London, 16 January 1959 Revised text of Annex XII - International Maritime Organization (IMO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. London, 16 May 1968 Second Revised text of Annex XII - International Maritime Organization (IMO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. London, 22 November 2001 Annex XIII - International Finance Corporation (IFC) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Washington, 2 April 1959 Annex XIV - International Development Association (IDA) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Washington, 13 February 1962 Annex XV - World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Geneva, 4 October 1977 Annex XVI - International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Rome, 16 December

13 Annex XVII - United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Vienna, 3 July III Annex XVIII - World Tourism Organization (WTO) - to the Convention on the Privileges and III-2-18 Immunities of the Specialized Agencies. Jeju, 30 July 2008 III-3 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations. Vienna, 18 April 1961 Optional Protocol to the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, concerning III-4 Acquisition of Nationality. Vienna, 18 April 1961 Optional Protocol to the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, concerning the III-5 Compulsory Settlement of Disputes. Vienna, 18 April 1961 III-6 Vienna Convention on Consular Relations. Vienna, 24 April 1963 Optional Protocol to the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations concerning Acquisition III-7 of Nationality. Vienna, 24 April 1963 Optional Protocol to the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations concerning the III-8 Compulsory Settlement of Disputes. Vienna, 24 April 1963 III-9 Convention on special missions. New York, 8 December 1969 Optional Protocol to the Convention on Special Missions concerning the compulsory III-10 settlement of disputes. New York, 8 December 1969 Vienna Convention on the Representation of States in their Relations with International III-11 Organizations of a Universal Character. Vienna, 14 March 1975 Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect of State Property, Archives and III-12 Debts. Vienna, 8 April 1983 United Nations Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their III-13 Property. New York, 2 December 2004 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. Paris, 9 IV-1 December 1948 International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. New IV-2 York, 7 March 1966 Amendment to article 8 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of IV-2-a Racial Discrimination. New York, 15 January 1992 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. New York, 16 December IV Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural IV-3-a Rights. New York, 10 December 2008 IV-4 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. New York, 16 December 1966 Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. New York, IV-5 16 December 1966 Convention on the non-applicability of statutory limitations to war crimes and crimes IV-6 against humanity. New York, 26 November 1968 International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of IV-7 Apartheid. New York, 30 November 1973 Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. New York, IV-8 18 December 1979 Amendment to article 20, paragraph 1 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms IV-8-a of Discrimination against Women. New York, 22 December 1995 Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination IV-8-b against Women. New York, 6 October

14 Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or IV-9 Punishment. New York, 10 December 1984 Amendments to articles 17 (7) and 18 (5) of the Convention against Torture and Other IV-9-a Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. New York, 8 September 1992 Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or IV-9-b Degrading Treatment or Punishment. New York, 18 December 2002 IV-10 International Convention against Apartheid in Sports. New York, 10 December 1985 IV-11 Convention on the Rights of the Child. New York, 20 November 1989 Amendment to article 43 (2) of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. New York, 12 IV-11-a December 1995 Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of IV-11-b children in armed conflict. New York, 25 May 2000 Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, IV-11-c child prostitution and child pornography. New York, 25 May 2000 Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a communications IV-11-d procedure. New York, 19 December 2011 Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, IV-12 aiming at the abolition of the death penalty. New York, 15 December 1989 International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and IV-13 Members of their Families. New York, 18 December 1990 Agreement establishing the Fund for the Development of the Indigenous Peoples of Latin IV-14 America and the Caribbean. Madrid, 24 July 1992 IV-15 Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. New York, 13 December 2006 Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. New York, IV-15-a 13 December 2006 International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced IV-16 Disappearance. New York, 20 December 2006 V-1 Constitution of the International Refugee Organization. New York, 15 December 1946 V-2 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. Geneva, 28 July 1951 V-3 Convention relating to the status of Stateless Persons. New York, 28 September 1954 V-4 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness. New York, 30 August 1961 V-5 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees. New York, 31 January 1967 Protocol amending the Agreements, Conventions and Protocols on Narcotic Drugs, concluded at The Hague on 23 January 1912, at Geneva on 11 February 1925 and 19 February 1925, and 13 July 1931, at Bangkok on 27 November 1931 and at Geneva on 26 VI-1 June Lake Success, New York, 11 December 1946 VI-2 International Opium Convention. The Hague, 23 January 1912 Agreement concerning the Suppression of the Manufacture of, Internal Trade in, and Use of, Prepared Opium. Geneva, 11 February 1925 and Lake Success, New York, 11 VI-3 December 1946 International Opium Convention. Geneva, 19 February 1925 and Lake Success, New York, VI-5 11 December 1946 VI-6-a International Opium Convention. Geneva, 19 February 1925 VI-6-b Protocol. Geneva, 19 February 1925 Convention for Limiting the Manufacture and Regulating the Distribution of Narcotic VI-7 Drugs. Geneva, 13 July 1931 and Lake Success, New York, 11 December

15 Convention for limiting the Manufacture and regulating the Distribution of Narcotic VI-8-a Drugs. Geneva, 13 July 1931 VI-8-b Protocol of Signature. Geneva, 13 July 1931 Agreement concerning the Suppression of Opium Smoking. Bangkok, 27 November 1931 VI-9 and Lake Success, New York, 11 December 1946 Convention for the Suppression of the Illicit Traffic in Dangerous Drugs. Geneva, 26 June VI and Lake Success, New York, 11 December 1946 Convention of 1936 for the Suppression of the Illicit Traffic in Dangerous Drugs. Geneva, VI-12-a 26 June 1936 VI-12-b Protocol of Signature. Geneva, 26 June 1936 Protocol Bringing under International Control Drugs Outside the Scope of the Convention of 13 July 1931 for Limiting the Manufacture and Regulating the Distribution of Narcotic Drugs, as amended by the Protocol signed at Lake Success, New York, on 11 December VI Paris, 19 November 1948 Protocol for Limiting and Regulating the Cultivation of the Poppy Plant, the Production of, VI-14 International and Wholesale Trade in, and use of Opium. New York, 23 June 1953 VI-15 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, New York, 30 March 1961 VI-16 Convention on psychotropic substances. Vienna, 21 February 1971 Protocol amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, Geneva, 25 March VI Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, as amended by the Protocol amending the VI-18 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, New York, 8 August 1975 United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic VI-19 Substances. Vienna, 20 December 1988 Protocol signed at Lake Success, New York, on 12 November 1947, to amend the Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women and Children, concluded at Geneva on 30 September 1921, and the Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women of Full Age, concluded at Geneva on 11 October Lake Success, New York, VII-1 12 November 1947 International Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women and Children, concluded at Geneva on 30 September 1921, as amended by the Protocol signed at Lake VII-2 Success, New York, on 12 November Lake Success, 12 November 1947 International Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women and VII-3 Children. Geneva, 30 September 1921 International Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women of Full Age, concluded at Geneva on 11 October 1933, as amended by the Protocol signed at Lake VII-4 Success, New York, on 12 November Lake Success, 12 November 1947 International Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women of Full VII-5 Age. Geneva, 11 October 1933 Protocol amending the International Agreement for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic, signed at Paris on 18 May 1904, and the International Convention for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic, signed at Paris on 4 May Lake Success, New VII-6 York, 4 May 1949 International Agreement for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic, signed at Paris on 18 May 1904, amended by the Protocol signed at Lake Success, New York, 4 May VII Lake Success, New York, 4 May 1949 International Agreement for the suppression of the "White Slave Traffic". Paris, 18 May VII

16 International Convention for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic, signed at Paris on 4 May 1910, amended by the Protocol signed at Lake Success, New York, 4 May VII Lake Success, New York, 4 May 1949 International Convention for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic. Paris, 4 May VII Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the VII-11-a Prostitution of Others. Lake Success, New York, 21 March 1950 Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the VII-11-b Prostitution of Others. Lake Success, New York, 21 March 1950 Protocol to amend the Convention for the suppression of the circulation of, and traffic in, obscene publications, concluded at Geneva on 12 September Lake Success, New VIII-1 York, 12 November 1947 Convention for the Suppression of the Circulation of, and Traffic in, Obscene Publications, concluded at Geneva on 12 September 1923 and amended by the Protocol signed at Lake VIII-2 Success, New York, on 12 November New York, 12 November 1947 International Convention for the Suppression of the Circulation of and Traffic in Obscene VIII-3 Publications. Geneva, 12 September 1923 Protocol amending the Agreement for the Suppression of the Circulation of Obscene VIII-4 Publications, signed at Paris, on 4 May Lake Success, New York, 4 May 1949 Agreement for the Suppression of the Circulation of Obscene Publications, signed at Paris on 4 May 1910, amended by the Protocol signed at Lake Success, New York, 4 May VIII New York, 4 May 1949 VIII-6 Agreement for the Repression of Obscene Publications. Paris, 4 May 1910 IX-1 Constitution of the World Health Organization. New York, 22 July 1946 Amendments to articles 24 and 25 of the Constitution of the World Health IX-1-a Organization. Geneva, 28 May 1959 Amendment to article 7 of the Constitution of the World Health Organization. Geneva, IX-1-b 20 May 1965 Amendments to articles 24 and 25 of the Constitution of the World Health IX-1-c Organization. Geneva, 23 May 1967 Amendments to articles 34 and 55 of the Constitution of the World Health IX-1-d Organization. Geneva, 22 May 1973 Amendments to articles 24 and 25 of the Constitution of the World Health IX-1-e Organization. Geneva, 17 May 1976 Amendment to article 74 of the Constitution of the World Health Organization. Geneva, IX-1-f 18 May 1978 Amendments to articles 24 and 25 of the Constitution of the World Health IX-1-g Organization. Geneva, 12 May 1986 Amendments to articles 24 and 25 of the Constitution of the World Health IX-1-h Organization. Geneva, 16 May 1998 IX-2 Protocol concerning the Office international d'hygiène publique. New York, 22 July 1946 Agreement on the establishment of the International Vaccine Institute. New York, 28 IX-3 October 1996 IX-4 WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Geneva, 21 May 2003 IX-4-a Protocol to Eliminate Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products. Seoul, 12 November 2012 X-1-a General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. Geneva, 30 October 1947 Agreement on most-favoured-nation treatment for areas of Western Germany under X-1-c military occupation. Geneva, 14 September

17 Memorandum of understanding relative to application to the Western Sectors of Berlin of the Agreement on most-favoured-nation treatment for areas of Western Germany under X-1-d military occupation. Annecy, 13 August 1949 X-2 Agreement establishing the African Development Bank. Khartoum, 4 August 1963 Amendments to the Agreement establishing the African Development Bank. Abidjan, 17 X-2-a May 1979 Agreement establishing the African Development Bank done at Khartoum on 4 August 1963, as amended by resolution adopted by the Board of Governors on 17 May X-2-b Lusaka, 7 May 1982 X-3 Convention on Transit Trade of Land-locked States. New York, 8 July 1965 X-4 Agreement establishing the Asian Development Bank. Manila, 4 December 1965 Articles of Association for the establishment of an Economic Community of West X-5 Africa. Accra, 4 May 1967 X-6 Agreement establishing the Caribbean Development Bank. Kingston, 18 October 1969 Convention on the Limitation Period in the International Sale of Goods. New York, 14 X-7 June 1974 Protocol amending the Convention on the Limitation Period in the International Sale of X-7-a Goods. Vienna, 11 April 1980 Convention on the Limitation Period in the International Sale of Goods, as amended by X-7-b the Protocol of 11 April New York, 14 June 1974 Agreement establishing the International Fund for Agricultural Development. Rome, 13 X-8 June 1976 Amendments effected by Resolution 86/XVIII adopted on 26 January 1995 by the Governing Council to articles 3.3, 3.4, 4.2, 4.5, 5.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.5, 6.6, 12(a) and 13.3 and Scedules I, II and III of the Agreement establishing the International Fund for Agricultural X-8-a Development. Rome, 26 January 1995 Amendment effected by Resolution 100/XX adopted on 21 February 1997 by the Governing Council to article 4.1 of the Agreement establishing the International Fund for X-8-b Agricultural Development. Rome, 21 February 1997 Constitution of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization. Vienna, 8 April X United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods. Vienna, 11 X-10 April 1980 X-11 Charter of the Asian and Pacific Development Centre. Bangkok, 1 April 1982 Amendments to the Charter of the Asian and Pacific Development Centre. Kuala Lumpur, X-11-a 16 July 1998 United Nations Convention on International Bills of Exchange and International X-12 Promissory Notes. New York, 9 December 1988 United Nations Convention on the Liability of Operators of Transport Terminals in X-13 International Trade. Vienna, 19 April 1991 X-14 Agreement to establish the South Centre. Geneva, 1 September 1994 United Nations Convention on Independent Guarantees and Stand-by Letters of X-15 Credit. New York, 11 December 1995 Agreement Establishing the Bank for Economic Cooperation and Development in the X-16 Middle East and North Africa. Cairo, 28 August 1996 United Nations Convention on the Assignment of Receivables in International X-17 Trade. New York, 12 December

18 United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International X-18 Contracts. New York, 23 November 2005 Multilateral Agreement for the Establishment of an International Think Tank for X-19 Landlocked Developing Countries. New York, 24 September 2010 Agreement providing for the provisional application of the Draft International Customs Conventions on Touring, on Commercial Road Vehicles and on the International Transport XI-A-1 of Goods by Road. Geneva, 16 June 1949 Additional Protocol to the Agreement providing for the provisional application of the Draft International Customs Conventions on Touring, on Commercial Road Vehicles and XI-A-2 on the International Transport of Goods by Road. Geneva, 16 June 1949 Additional Protocol to the Agreement providing for the provisional application of the Draft International Customs Conventions on Touring, on Commercial Road Vehicles and on the International Transport of Goods by Road, relating to the International Transport XI-A-3 of goods by container under the T.I.R. Carnet Régime. Geneva, 11 March 1950 Additional Protocol amending certain provisions of the Agreement providing for the provisional application of the Draft International Customs Conventions on Touring, on Commercial Road Vehicles and on the International Transport of Goods by XI-A-4 Road. Geneva, 28 November 1952 International Convention to Facilitate the Importation of Commercial Samples and XI-A-5 Advertising Material. Geneva, 7 November 1952 XI-A-6 Convention concerning Customs Facilities for Touring. New York, 4 June 1954 Additional Protocol to the Convention concerning Customs Facilities for Touring, relating XI-A-7 to the Importation of Tourist Publicity Documents and Material. New York, 4 June 1954 Customs Convention on the Temporary Importation of Private Road Vehicles. New York, XI-A-8 4 June 1954 XI-A-9 Customs Convention on Containers. Geneva, 18 May 1956 Customs Convention on the Temporary Importation of Commercial Road XI-A-10 Vehicles. Geneva, 18 May 1956 Customs Convention on the Temporary Importation for Private Use of Aircraft and XI-A-11 Pleasure Boats. Geneva, 18 May 1956 Customs Convention concerning spare parts used for repairing EUROP wagons. Geneva, XI-A January 1958 Customs Convention on the International Transport of Goods under Cover of TIR Carnets XI-A-13 (TIR Convention). Geneva, 15 January 1959 European Convention on Customs Treatment of Pallets used in International XI-A-14 Transport. Geneva, 9 December 1960 XI-A-15 Customs Convention on Containers, Geneva, 2 December 1972 Customs Convention on the International Transport of Goods under Cover of TIR Carnets XI-A-16 (TIR Convention). Geneva, 14 November 1975 International Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Controls of Goods. Geneva, XI-A October 1982 Convention on Customs Treatment of Pool Containers used in International XI-A-18 Transport. Geneva, 21 January 1994 XI-B-1 Convention on Road Traffic. Geneva, 19 September 1949 Protocol concerning countries or territories at present occupied. Geneva, 19 September XI-B XI-B-3 Protocol on Road Signs and Signals. Geneva, 19 September

19 European Agreement supplementing the 1949 Convention on road traffic and the 1949 XI-B-4 Protocol on road signs and signals. Geneva, 16 September 1950 European Agreement on the application of article 3 of annex 7 of the 1949 Convention on Road Traffic Concerning the Dimensions and Weights of Vehicles Permitted to Travel on XI-B-5 Certain Roads of the Contracting Parties. Geneva, 16 September 1950 European Agreement on the application of article 23 of the 1949 Convention on road traffic, concerning the dimensions and weights of vehicles permitted to travel on certain XI-B-6 roads of the Contracting Parties. Geneva, 16 September 1950 Declaration on the construction of main international traffic arteries. Geneva, 16 XI-B-7 September 1950 General Agreement on Economic Regulations for International Road transport (a) XI-B-8 Additional Protocol (b) Protocol of Signature. Geneva, 17 March 1954 Protocol relating to the adoption of Annex C.1 to the Set of Rules annexed to the General Agreement on Economic Regulations for International Road transport. Geneva, 1 July XI-B-8-c 1954 Agreement on Signs for Road Works, amending the European Agreement of 16 September 1950 supplementing the 1949 Convention on Road Traffic and the 1949 XI-B-9 Protocol on Road Signs and Signals 1. Geneva, 16 December 1955 Convention on the Taxation of Road Vehicles for Private Use in International XI-B-10 Traffic. Geneva, 18 May 1956 Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road XI-B-11 (CMR). Geneva, 19 May 1956 Protocol to the Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by XI-B-11-a Road (CMR). Geneva, 5 July 1978 Additional Protocol to the Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road (CMR) concerning the Electronic Consignment Note. Geneva, 20 XI-B-11-b February 2008 Convention on the Taxation of Road Vehicles engaged in International Goods XI-B-12 Transport. Geneva, 14 December 1956 Convention on the Taxation of Road Vehicles Engaged in International Passenger XI-B-13 Transport. Geneva, 14 December 1956 European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road XI-B-14 (ADR). Geneva, 30 September 1957 Protocol amending article 14 (3) of the European Agreement of 30 September 1957 concerning the international Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR). New York, 21 XI-B-14-a August 1975 Protocol amending article 1 (a), article 14 (1) and article 14 (3) (b) of the European Agreement of 30 September 1957 concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous XI-B-14-b Goods by Road (ADR). Geneva, 28 October 1993 XI-B-15 European Agreement on Road Markings. Geneva, 13 December 1957 Agreement concerning the Adoption of Uniform Technical Prescriptions for Wheeled Vehicles, Equipment and Parts which can be fitted and/or be used on Wheeled Vehicles and the Conditions for Reciprocal Recognition of Approvals Granted on the Basis of These XI-B-16 Prescriptions. Geneva, 20 March 1958 Regulation No. 1. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of motor vehicle headlamps emitting an asymmetrical passing beam and/or a driving beam and equipped XI-B-16-1 with filament lamps of category R2 and/or HS1. 8 August

20 XI-B-16-2 XI-B-16-3 XI-B-16-4 XI-B-16-5 XI-B-16-6 XI-B-16-7 XI-B-16-8 XI-B-16-9 XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B-16-13H XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B Regulation No. 2. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of incandescent electric lamps for headlamps emitting an asymmetrical passing beam or a driving beam or both. 8 August 1960 Regulation No. 3. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of retro-reflecting devices for power-driven vehicles and their trailers. Geneva, 1 November 1963 Regulation No. 4. Uniform provisions for the approval of devices for the illumination of rear registration plates of motor vehicles (except motor cycles) and their trailers. Geneva, 15 April 1964 Regulation No. 5. Uniform provisions for the approval of motor vehicle "sealed beam" headlamps (SB) emitting an asymmetrical passing beam or a driving beam or both. 30 September 1967 Regulation No. 6. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of direction indicators for motor vehicles and their trailers. Geneva, 15 October 1967 Regulation No. 7. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of front and rear position (side) lamps, stop-lamps and end-outline marker lamps for motor vehicles (except motor cycles) and their trailers. Geneva, 15 October 1967 Regulation No. 8. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of motor vehicle headlamps emitting an asymmetrical passing beam or a driving beam or both and equipped with halogen filament lamps (H1, H2, H3, HB3, HB4, H7, H8, H9, HIR1, HIR2 and/or H11). 15 November 1967 Regulation No. 9. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of three-wheeled vehicles with regard to noise. 1 March 1969 Regulation No. 10. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to radio interference suppression. Geneva, 1 April 1969 Regulation No. 11. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to door latches and door retention components. 1 June 1969 Regulation No. 12. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the protection of the driver against the steering mechanism in the event of impact. Geneva, 1 July 1969 Regulation No. 13. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles of categories M, N and O with regard to braking. Geneva, 1 June 1970 Regulation No. 13-H. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of passenger cars with regard to braking. 11 May 1998 Regulation No. 14. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to safety-belt anchorages, ISOFIX anchorages systems and ISOFIX top tether anchorages. Geneva, 1 April 1970 Regulation No. 15. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles equipped with a positive-ignition engine or with a compression-ignition engine with regard to the emission of gaseous pollutants by the engine - method of measuring the power of positive-ignition engines - method of measuring the fuel consumption of vehicles. 1 August 1970 Regulation No. 16. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of: I. Safety-belts, restraint systems, child restraint systems and isofix child restraint systems for occupants of power-driven vehicles II. Vehicles equipped with safety-belts, restraint systems, child restraint systems and isofix child restraint systems. Geneva, 1 December 1970 Regulation No. 17. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the seats, their anchorages and any head restraints. 1 December

21 XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B XI-B Regulation No. 18. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of motor vehicles with regard to their protection against unauthorized use. 1 March 1971 Regulation No. 19. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of motor vehicle fog lamps. Geneva, 1 March 1971 Regulation No. 20. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of motor vehicle headlamps emitting an asymmetrical passing beam or a driving beam or both and equipped with halogen filament lamps (H4 lamps). 1 May 1971 Regulation No. 21. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to their interior fittings. Geneva, 1 December 1971 Regulation No. 22. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of protective helmets and their visors for drivers and passengers of motor cycles and mopeds. 1 June 1972 Regulation No. 23. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of reversing lights for power-driven vehicles and their trailers. Geneva, 1 December 1971 Regulation No. 24. Uniform provisions concerning: I. The approval of compression with regard to the emission of visible pollutants II. The approval of motor vehicles with regard to the installation of C.I. engines of an approved type III. The approval of motor vehicles equipped with C.I. engines with regard to the emission of visible pollutants by the engine IV. The measurement of power of C.I. engine. 15 September 1972 Regulation No. 25. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of head restraints (headrests), whether or not incorporated in vehicle seats. 1 March 1972 Regulation No. 26. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to their external projections. Geneva, 1 July 1972 Regulation No. 27. Uniform provisions for the approval of advance-warning triangles. 15 September 1972 Regulation No. 28. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of audible warning devices and of motor vehicles with regard to their audible signals. 15 January 1973 Regulation No. 29. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the protection of the occupants of the cab of a commercial vehicle. 15 June 1974 Regulation No. 30. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of pneumatic tyres for motor vehicles and their trailers. 1 April 1975 Regulation No. 31. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of power-driven vehicle's sealed-beam headlamps (SB) emitting an European asymmetrical passing beam or a driving beam or both. Geneva, 1 May 1975 Regulation No. 32. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the behaviour of the structure of the impacted vehicle in a rear-end collision. 1 July 1975 Regulation No. 33. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the behaviour of the structure of the impacted vehicle in a head-on collision. 1 July 1975 Regulation No. 34. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the prevention of fire risks. 1 July 1975 Regulation No. 35. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the arrangement of foot controls. 10 November 1975 Regulation No. 36. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of large passenger vehicles with regard to their general construction. 1 March 1976 Regulation No. 37. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of filament lamps for use in approved lamp units on power-driven vehicles and of their trailers. Geneva, 1 February 1978 Regulation No. 38. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of rear fog lamps for power-driven vehicles and their trailers. Geneva, 1 August