NATIONAL SECURITY AND THE FBI SURVEILLANCE OF ENEMY ALIENS

Transcription

1 An Index to the Microfilm Edition of NATIONAL SECURITY AND THE FBI SURVEILLANCE OF ENEMY ALIENS Primary Source Media

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3 NATIONAL SECURITY AND THE FBI SURVEILLANCE OF ENEMY ALIENS Guide Compiled By Todd Dewey Primary Source Media

4 Primary Source Media National Security and the FBI Surveillance of Enemy Aliens Compilation 2009 Primary Source Media ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher. For product information, contact us at Gale Customer Support, For permission to use material from this text or product, submit all requests via online at ISBN: x Primary Source Media 12 Lunar Drive, Woodbridge, CT Tel: (800) and (203) Fax: (203) P.O. Box 45, Reading, England Tel (+ 44) Fax: (+ 44) Visit the Primary Source Media website at gale.cengage.com/psm Visit Gale online at gale.cengage.com Visit our corporate website at Cover Photographs: [1] FBI Transporting Foreigners to Ellis Island at World War II Startup Original caption: New York: Immediately after the declaration of war with Japan, Germany and Italy, enemy aliens were picked up and sent to Ellis Island. Here is a patrol wagon arriving at the Ellis Island Ferry. An F.B.I. man on the extreme left guides a prisoner. There were seven of them in this particular wagon. One was a Japanese and the rest were German and Italian. All the prisoners tried to hide their faces Unknown. [2] Camp Kenedy - German repatriates inside camp lining [up] to be checked out of main gate. ca Photo ID: 59-RAG-6-13 (NARA II, College Park, Maryland). [3] Camp Kenedy - German repatriates leaving for Jersey City. (Camp Administration building in background.). ca Photo ID: 59-RAG-6-9 (NARA II, College Park, Maryland). Photographs courtesy of NARA II, College Park, Maryland. Printed in the United States of America

5 TABLE OF CONTENTS Scope and Content... v Source Note vi Editorial Note.. vi Reel Index 1 Subject Index.. 29

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7 SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE Enemy Aliens. Terrorism. Patriot Act and civil liberties. Accusations that the Patriot Act infringes on the rights of Americans and aliens alike Without surveillance of aliens national security could be compromised. FBI surveillance in wartime These issues have been prominent in the news media for several years. But, the history of the twin issues of national security and surveillance of aliens is not new. Since the founding of the nation, these issues have been in the forefront of political debate. From the Alien and Sedition Acts in 1798, to the Enemy Aliens Act of 1917, the Federal government has maintained surveillance of those opposed to the American way of life. This new microfilm collection provides insights into the recent history of the surveillance of aliens and national security during World War II. Pre-World II Surveillance Efforts Before the United States entered the war in 1941, the FBI concentrated its efforts on locating, infiltrating, and dismantling political organizations sympathetic to German and Italian Fascism, and Soviet Communism, despite the latter nation's wartime alliance with Britain and France. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Secretary of State Cordell Hull, pushed for increased power for the FBI to investigate perceived subversives, even if these people were ordinary American citizens. A 1939 presidential directive, followed by the Smith Act of 1940, outlawed public advocacy of overthrowing the government. President Roosevelt in May 1940, authorized the FBI to conduct warrant-less electronic surveillance of persons suspected of subversion or espionage; surveillance was to be limited insofar as possible to aliens. In June 1939, J. Edgar Hoover reactivated the dreaded General Intelligence Division and compiled a secret Custodial Detention list of persons to be jailed summarily during wartime. FBI officials opened first-class mail and regularly practiced, with Roosevelt's explicit blessing, wiretapping, despite the 1939 Supreme Court ruling that the Federal Communications Act of 1934 proscribed government wiretapping. The executive branch instituted a loyalty program for federal job holders and the Attorney General drew up his first list of subversive organizations. Wartime Surveillance Efforts When the United States entered the war, FBI agents aided national defense efforts by placing trained agents at key military and defense industry sites. Wartime agents received more intense training in counterintelligence measures, and the FBI established special counterintelligence units for covert operations at the government's discretion. FBI agents thwarted German and Japanese attempts at sabotaging national interests, including fuel reserves. The FBI's surveillance workload during World War II was enormous: over 1 million registered "enemy" aliens were living in the U.S.; many were nationals from Axis power nations awaiting citizenship. Postwar Surveillance Efforts When World War II ended in August 1945, increasingly hostile relations between the United States and the Soviet Union led to the Cold War, a diplomatic and military standoff that lasted over six decades. In the early Cold War years, the American government, and many members of the public, worried about the presence of Communist organizations and spies within the United States. The need for extraordinary national security surveillance measures remained high, leading to widespread use of wiretapping by law enforcement. v

8 SOURCE AND EDITORIAL NOTE Records of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Department of Justice, Custodial Detention, Headquarters Library, Washington, D.C. The documents comprising this microfilm publication entitled National Security and The FBI Surveillance of Enemy Aliens are among the Records of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The list of files below have been opened through the Freedom of Information Act. These files have been filmed in their entirety. Contents include these FBI files regarding Custodial Detention: vi

9 REEL INDEX The following index is a guide to the folders and contents of the microfilm publication entitled National Security and the FBI Surveillance of Enemy Aliens. The Reel Index includes the frame number at which a particular file folder begins, folder title and a listing of the major subjects. The documents within each folder have been filmed as they are arranged. REEL , Sections 186, 187, and 188. Custodial Detention (Part 1 of 2). Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program, Aliens Bulgarian, German, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Romanian; Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin; FBI collaboration with INS , Sections 189 and 190. Custodial Detention (Part 2 of 2). Major subject: Aliens Bulgarian, German, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Romanian; Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin; Communists; Internment , Section 1. Custodial Detention: Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; Internment , Section 1. Custodial Detention (Anchorage Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alaska; Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; communism, Communists; Internment; Propaganda (pro-nazi) , Section 1. Custodial Detention (Dallas Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; Internment; Police Departments, local Dallas, TX , Section 3. Custodial Detention (Dallas Division) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; Texas , Section 1. Custodial Detention (Denver Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; Colorado; Internment 1

10 REEL , Section 2. Custodial Detention (Denver Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehension and arrests of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; Colorado; Internment , Section 3. Custodial Detention (Denver Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions and arrests of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; Colorado; Internment , Section 1. Custodial Detention (El Paso Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions and arrests of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment; Texas , Section 2. Custodial Detention (El Paso Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions and arrests of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment; Nisei; Texas , Section 1. Custodial Detention (Honolulu Division) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; Hawaii; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Military intelligence; Nisei REEL , Section 2. Custodial Detention (Honolulu Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; Hawaii; Internment; Nisei; Suzuki, Yosiharu , Section 2. Custodial Detention (Houston Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens Bulgarian, German, Italian, Japanese, and Spanish; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment; Propaganda (pro-nazi); Texas , Section 1. Custodial Detention (Los Angeles Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Police Departments, local Los Angeles, CA , Section 2. Custodial Detention (Los Angeles Division) Japanese Major subjects: California; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Propaganda (pro-nazi) 2

11 , Section 3. Custodial Detention (Los Angeles Division) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions and arrests of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; Internment; Press Los Angeles, CA REEL , Section 4. Custodial Detention (Los Angeles Division) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment , Section 5. Custodial Detention (Los Angeles Division) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment , Section 6. Custodial Detention (Los Angeles Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment , Section 7. Custodial Detention (Los Angeles Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; Internment , Section 8. Custodial Detention (Los Angeles Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) , Section 1. Custodial Detention (Philadelphia Division). Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment; Pennsylvania , Section 2. Custodial Detention (Philadelphia Division). Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Pennsylvania; Police Departments, local Philadelphia REEL , Section 3. Custodial Detention (Philadelphia Division). Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment; Pennsylvania; Police Departments, local Philadelphia 3

12 , Section 1. Custodial Detention (Phoenix Division). Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; Arizona; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment , Section 2.1. Custodial Detention (Phoenix Division). Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; Arizona; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment; Police Departments, local Phoenix , Section 3. Custodial Detention (Phoenix Division). Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; Arizona; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment; Police Departments, local Phoenix , Section 1. Custodial Detention (Pittsburgh Division). Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Pennsylvania , Section 2. Custodial Detention (Pittsburgh Division). Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions and arrests of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment; Pennsylvania; Police Departments, local Pittsburgh REEL , Section 1. Custodial Detention (Portland Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions and arrests of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; communism; Communists; German- American Bund; Internment; Oregon; Western Defense Command , Section 2.2. Custodial Detention (Portland Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions and arrests of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; communism; Communists; German- American Bund; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Oregon; Police Departments, local Portland; Propaganda (pro-nazi); Western Defense Command , Section 3. Custodial Detention (Portland Division) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese, and Romanian; communism; Communists; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Internment; Nisei; Oregon 4

13 , Sections 1 and 2. Custodial Detention (San Antonio Division) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; German- American Bund; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Police Departments, local San Antonio; Press San Antonio; Texas REEL , Sections 1 and 2 Custodial Detention (San Diego Division) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; German-American Bund; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Police Departments, local San Diego; Propaganda (pro-nazi) , Section 3. Custodial Detention (San Diego Division) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; German-American Bund; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment; Nisei; Police Departments, local San Diego; Propaganda (pro-nazi) , Section 1. Custodial Detention (San Francisco Division) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; German-American Bund; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Nisei; Police Departments, local San Francisco; Propaganda (pro-nazi) , Section 2. Custodial Detention (San Francisco Division) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; German-American Bund; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Nisei; Police Departments, local San Francisco; Propaganda (pro-nazi) , Section 3. Custodial Detention (San Francisco Division) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; Communism; German-American Bund; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Nisei; Police Departments, local San Francisco; Propaganda (pro-nazi) 5

14 REEL , Section 4. Custodial Detention (San Francisco Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Nisei; Police Departments, local San Francisco , Section 5. Custodial Detention (San Francisco Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Nisei; Police Departments, local San Francisco , Section 6. Custodial Detention (San Francisco Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Nisei; Police Departments, local San Francisco; Western Defense Command , Section 7. Custodial Detention (San Francisco Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; Communism; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Police Departments, local San Francisco , Section 8. Custodial Detention (San Francisco Division) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese; California; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Police Departments, local San Francisco , Section 1. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, Maryland, Michigan, Ohio, Oklahoma, Utah, Washington; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment , Section 2. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, Florida, New York, Texas; Internment; Propaganda , Section 3. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Alaska, California, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Nisei 6

15 REEL , Section 4. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, New York, Texas; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Nisei , Section 5. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin; FBI collaboration with INS , Section 6. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin; FBI collaboration with INS , Section 7. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment , Section 8. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment , Section 9. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions and arrests of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, Colorado, Connecticut, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Washington, Wisconsin; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment 7

16 , Section 10. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, Hawaii Maryland, Louisiana, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Washington; FBI collaboration with INS; German-American Bund; Internment; Propaganda (pro-nazi) , Section 11. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Texas; German-American Bund; Propaganda (pro-nazi) REEL , Section 12. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas; German-American Bund; Propaganda (pro-nazi) , Section 13. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Washington; German-American Bund; Propaganda (pro-nazi) , Section 14. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Alien Enemy Control Program; Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, Illinois, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Washington; FBI collaboration with INS; Propaganda (pro-nazi) , Section 15. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Propaganda (pro-nazi) , Section 16. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, Delaware, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Virginia; Propaganda (pro-nazi) , Section 17. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah; German-American Bund; Internment; Propaganda (pro-nazi) 8

17 REEL , Section 18. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Utah; German-American Bund; Internment; Propaganda (pro-nazi) , Section 19. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Utah, Wisconsin; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) , Section 20. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehensions of aliens Bulgarian, German, Hungarian, Italian, and Japanese, and Romanian in California, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania , Section 21. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, Illinois, Indiana, Louisiana, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah , Section 22. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Arizona, Connecticut, Illinois, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment , Section 23. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Arizona, California, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Pennsylvania; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) REEL , Section 24. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in California, Illinois, Louisiana, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin , Section 25. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Alabama, Arizona, California, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Louisiana, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Utah, Wisconsin; Army, U.S.; FBI collaboration with FBI; Nisei 9

18 , Section 26. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Arizona, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, Wisconsin; FBI collaboration with INS , Section 27. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Texas, Wisconsin; FBI collaboration with INS , Section 28. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment , Section 29. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Washington , Section 30. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Alaska, California, Hawaii, New York, Oregon, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington; Army, U.S.; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Internment; Nisei REEL , Section 31. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens German, Italian, and Japanese in Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin; FBI collaboration with INS; Internment , Section 32. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Utah, Washington; Internment , Section 33. Custodial Detention (Arrest Warrants) Japanese Major subjects: Apprehension of aliens Arizona, Connecticut, Illinois, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Utah; FBI collaboration with INS; Propaganda (pro-nazi) 10

19 , Section 1. Custodial Detention (Japanese Activities/Hawaiian Islands) Japanese Major subjects: Aliens, Japanese; Apprehension of Japanese aliens in California, Hawaii; Japanese Organizations; Nisei; Press, Japan; Propaganda; Religious activities; Selective Service; Nisei; Shintoism , Section 17. Custodial Detention (Japanese Activities/Hawaiian Islands) Japanese Major subjects: Aliens, Japanese; Apprehension of Japanese aliens in Hawaii; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Nisei; Prisoners of war, U.S.; Radio broadcasts, Japan; Religious activities; Selective Service; Tripartite Alliance REEL , Section 13. Custodial Detention (Japanese Activities/Hawaiian Islands) Japanese Major subjects: Aliens, Japanese; Apprehension of Japanese aliens in California, Hawaii, Oregon; Army, U.S.; Counterespionage, Japanese; Hawaiian press; Internment; Japanese business/financial organizations; Nisei; Propaganda; Radio broadcasts; Selective Service; Tripartite Alliance; Washington, Security analysis , Section 2. Custodial Detention (Japanese Activities/Hawaiian Islands) Japanese Major subjects: Aliens, Japanese; Apprehension of Japanese aliens in California, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington; Army, U.S.; Communism; Counterespionage, Japanese; Internment; Japanese business/financial organizations; Nisei; Prisoners of war, U.S.; Radio broadcasts, Japan; Tripartite Alliance , Section 1. Custodial Detention COMSAB. Major subjects: Abraham Lincoln Brigade; Central Intelligence Agency (CIA); Cincinnati, OH; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists, activities of; Labor unions; Lenin School, Moscow; Security analysis in California, Minnesota, New York; USSR , Section 2. Custodial Detention COMSAB. Major subjects: Abraham Lincoln Brigade; Central Intelligence Agency (CIA); Communism; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA) ; Communists; General Electric Company; Labor unions; Louisville Transit Railway Company; New Haven, CT; Philadelphia, PA; Security analysis in California, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio; Transport Workers Union , Section 3. Custodial Detention COMSAB. Major subjects: Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists, activities of; National Lawyers Guild; Philadelphia, PA; Security analysis in California; District of Columbia, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Wisconsin 11

20 , Section 4. Custodial Detention COMSAB. Major subjects: Albuquerque, NM; Communism; Communists, activities of; Dallas, TX police department; Houston, TX; Lenin School, Moscow; New Haven, CT; Philadelphia, PA; Phoenix, AZ; , Section 21. Custodial Detention DETCOM. Major subjects: Central Intelligence Agency (CIA); Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists; Delimitations Agreement, 1949; Emergency Detention Program; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Propaganda; Security analysis in California, Hawaii, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York; Security investigations (general) REEL , Section 22. Custodial Detention DETCOM. Major subjects: Civilian evacuations, American nationals; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists, activities of; Contraband, confiscation of; Emergency Detention Program; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Security analysis in California, Hawaii, Illinois, New York; Philadelphia, PA; Propaganda , Section 23. Custodial Detention DETCOM. Major subjects: Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Contraband, confiscation of; Delimitations Agreement, 1949; Emergency Detention Program; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Informants; Philadelphia, PA; Propaganda; Security analysis in California, Colorado, Illinois; Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Tennessee, Texas; Socialist Workers Party , Section 24. Custodial Detention DETCOM. Major subjects: Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists, activities of; Contraband, confiscation of; Delimitations Agreement, 1949; Emergency Detention Program; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Informants; Nation of Islam; Propaganda; Security analysis in California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Texas, Washington; Socialist Workers Party REEL , Section 25. Custodial Detention DETCOM. Major subjects: communism; Communists, activities of; Contraband, confiscation of; Cuban Emergency Plans; Emergency Detention Program; Exiles, Cuban; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Miami, FL; Nation of Islam; Philadelphia, PA; Political parties Communist Party, USA (CPUSA), Socialist Workers Party, Workers World Party; Security analysis in California, Illinois, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Texas, Washington 12

21 , Section 26. Custodial Detention DETCOM. Major subjects: Aliens, Chinese; China, People's Republic of; Chinese Emergency Plans; communism; Contraband, confiscation of; Council of American-Soviet Friendship; Cuban Emergency Plans; Emergency Detention Program; Exiles, Cuban; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Military Assistance Program; Nation of Islam; Organization of Progressive Youth; Political parties Communist Party, USA (CPUSA), Progressive Labor Party; Propaganda, confiscation of; Security analysis in California, Illinois, New York , Section 27 (Serials ). Custodial Detention DETCOM. Major subjects: American Institute for Marxist Studies; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Contraband, confiscation of; Emergency Detention Program; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Military Assistance Program; New Haven, CT; Philadelphia, PA; Security analysis in California, Colorado, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota; New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania; Socialist Workers Party , Section 27 (Serials ). Custodial Detention DETCOM. Major subjects: Communists, activities of; Contraband, confiscation of; Emergency Detention Program; The German American Inc.; Nation of Islam; Political parties Communist Party, USA (CPUSA), Progressive Labor Party, Socialist Workers Party; Workers World Party; Russky Golos Publishing Company; Security analysis in California, Illinois, Maryland, Minnesota, New York REEL , Section 28. Custodial Detention DETCOM. Major subjects: African-American Heritage Association, Illinois; Contraband, confiscation of; Emergency Detention Program; Nation of Islam; Political parties Communist Party, USA (CPUSA), Freedom Socialist Party, Progressive Labor Party, Socialist Workers Party, Workers World Party; Publishers New Press Inc.; Puerto Rico, contraband; Security analysis in California, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York, Ohio; W.E.B. Dubois Clubs of America; Young Socialist Alliance; Youth Against War and Fascism , Section 29. Custodial Detention DETCOM. Major subjects: communism; Communists, activities of; Contraband, confiscation of; Emergency Detention Program; Political parties Communist Party, USA (CPUSA), Progressive Labor Party, Socialist Workers Party; Security analysis in California, Florida, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota; Young Socialist Alliance , Section 30. Custodial Detention DETCOM. Major subjects: Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Contraband, confiscation of; Emergency Detention Program; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Informants; Internal Security Act, 1950; New Haven, CT; Philadelphia, PA; Security analysis in California, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New York, Puerto Rico, Texas; Socialist Workers Party 13

22 REEL , Section 31. Custodial Detention DETCOM. Major subjects: Contraband, confiscation of; Emergency Detention Program; Informants; Internal Security Act, 1950; Political parties Black Panther Party, Progressive Labor Party, Socialist Workers Party; Security analysis in California, Connecticut, Illinois, Maryland, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Puerto Rico; Students for a Democratic Society (SDS); Young Workers Liberation League , Section 32. Custodial Detention DETCOM. Major subjects: Contraband, confiscation of; Emergency Detention Act; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Security analysis in California and New York , Section 1. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 2. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 1. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 2. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 3. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 1. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 2. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 3. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 4. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 5. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 6. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 1.Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 2. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 3. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 1. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 2. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD Sub34, Section 1. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A 14

23 Sub34, Section 2. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 3. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 4. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 5. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 6. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 7. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 8. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 9. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 10. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A , Section 1. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 2. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 3. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 91. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 92. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 93. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 94. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 1. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 2. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 3. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD , Section 4. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A (FIELD Sub39, Section 1. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub39, Section 2. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub39, Section 3. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub37, Section 1. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub37, Section 2. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A 15

24 Sub37, Section 3. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 1. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 2. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 3. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 4. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 5. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 6. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 7. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 8. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 9. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 10. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 11. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 12. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Sub34, Section 13. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT A Major subjects: communism; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communist Sabotage (COMSAB); Communists, activities of; Contraband, confiscation of; Detention of Communists (DETCOM); Emergency Detention Program; FBI collaboration with INS; New York Field Office Files; Pennsylvania Field Office Files; Philadelphia, PA; Pittsburgh, PA; Security analysis in New York; Security investigations (general) REEL [ ], Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT B (New York). Major subjects: communism; Communists, activities of; Emergency Detention Program; Freedom of Information Act (FOIA); Informants, protection of; Security analysis in New Jersey and New York; Security investigations (general) 0342 [ ], Sections 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13. Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT B (New York). Major subjects: communism; Communists, activities of; Emergency Detention Program; Freedom of Information Act (FOIA); Informants, protection of; Security analysis in New Jersey and New York; Security investigations (general) 16

25 0654 [ ], Custodial Detention DETCOM EXHIBIT B Pittsburgh and Philadelphia. Major subjects: communism; Communists, activities of; Emergency Detention Program; Freedom of Information Act (FOIA); Informants, protection of; Philadelphia, PA; Pittsburgh, PA; Security analysis in Pennsylvania; Security investigations (general) 0732 [ ], Custodial Detention DETCOM Department Referred and Returned Material. Major subjects: communism; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists, activities of; Emergency Detention Program; Lenin School, Moscow; Security investigations (general) , Section 1. Custodial Detention DETCOM Departmental Approval. Major subjects: Emergency Detention Program; Security analysis in New Jersey and New York; Security investigations (general) , Section 2. Custodial Detention DETCOM Departmental Approval. Major subjects: Emergency Detention Program; Security analysis in New York; Security investigations (general) , Section 3. Custodial Detention DETCOM Departmental Approval. Major subjects: Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists, activities of; Emergency Detention Program; Security analysis in Kentucky, Maryland, New York; Security investigations (general) REEL , Section 91. Custodial Detention DETCOM Departmental Approval. Major subjects: Aliens, Chinese; China, People's Republic of; Chinese Emergency Plans; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists, activities of; Emergency Detention Program; Security analysis in California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Michigan, New York, Puerto Rico; Security investigations (general) , Section 92. Custodial Detention DETCOM Departmental Approval. Major subjects: Aliens, Chinese; Black Panther Party; Emergency Detention Program; Security analysis in California. Michigan, New York; Political parties; Security investigations (general) , Section 93. Custodial Detention DETCOM Departmental Approval. Major subjects: Aliens, Chinese; China, People's Republic of; Chinese Emergency Plans; Cuban Emergency Plans; Emergency Detention Program; Exiles, Cuban; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Security analysis in California; Massachusetts, Michigan, New York, Texas, Washington, Wisconsin; Philadelphia, PA; Security investigations (general) 17

26 , Section 94. Custodial Detention DETCOM Departmental Approval. Major subjects: Aliens, Chinese; China, People's Republic of; Chinese Emergency Plans; Chinese Emergency Plans; Cuban Emergency Plans; Emergency Detention Program; Exiles, Cuban; Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS); Security analysis in New York; Security investigations (general) REEL , Section 1. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: Atomic Energy Commission; Communism; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists, activities of; Philadelphia, PA; Security analysis in California, Louisiana, Minnesota, Missouri, Tennessee, Texas; Security investigations (general); Westinghouse Electric Company , Section 2. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: Army, U.S.; Communists, activities of; Security analysis in Connecticut and Ohio; Pittsburgh, PA , Section 3. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: Atomic Energy Commission; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Security analysis in Illinois, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin; Security investigations (general); Socialist Workers Party , Section 4. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Security analysis in California, Kentucky, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Texas; Philadelphia, PA; Pittsburgh, PA , Section 5. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: Atomic Energy Commission; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists, activities of; Loyalty Program; Security analysis in California, Connecticut, Michigan, Missouri, New York; Socialist Workers Party , Section 6. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: Atomic Energy Commission; Emergency Detention Program; Independent Socialist League; Korean Conflict; Philadelphia, PA; Political parties Communist Party, USA (CPUSA), Socialist Workers Party; Workers World Party; Security analysis in California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York, Oklahoma , Section 7. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: Aliens, Chinese; Army, U.S.; China, People's Republic of; Communism; China, People's Republic of; Security analysis in Missouri, New York, Tennessee; Propaganda , Section 8. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists, activities of; Emergency Detention Program; Philadelphia, PA; Security analysis in California, 18

27 Connecticut, Kentucky, Michigan, New York, Oklahoma, Puerto Rico, Tennessee, Texas, Washington, Wisconsin; Security investigations (general); Socialist Workers Party , Section 9. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: communism; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists, activities of; Emergency Detention Program; Security analysis in California, Hawaii, Indiana, Kentucky, New York, Ohio, Texas; Security investigations (general); USSR, relations with CPUSA , Section 10. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: Army, U.S.; Atomic Energy Commission; Pittsburgh, PA; Security analysis in Colorado, Hawaii, Wisconsin; United Nations (U.N.) , Section 11. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: Communists, activities of; Emergency Detention Program; FBI collaboration with INS; Independent Socialist League; Political parties Communist Party, USA (CPUSA), Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico, Socialist Workers Party, Workers World Party; Revolutionary Workers League; Security analysis in California, New York, Pennsylvania; Security investigations (general); Tito, Josip; United Nations (U.N.) REEL , Section 12. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: communism; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Korean Conflict; Pittsburgh, PA; Security analysis in California, Connecticut, Illinois, Maryland, New Mexico, Texas; Tito, Josip; War industries , Section 13. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: Atomic Energy Commission; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Loyalty Program; Security analysis in California and New Mexico; War industries; Westinghouse Electric Company , Section 14. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: Atomic Energy Commission; communism; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists, activities of; Pittsburgh, PA; Security analysis California, Massachusetts, New Mexico, New York, Utah; Security investigations (general); War industries , Section 15. Custodial Detention Security Index. Major subjects: communism; Communist Party, USA (CPUSA); Communists, activities of; Korean Conflict; Security analysis California, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New York; War industries 19