Contents. Complete List of Contents... ix Publisher s Note... xiii Contributors...xvii

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1 Contents Complete List of Contents.... ix Publisher s Note.... xiii Contributors...xvii Accent Discrimination...25 Affordable Care Act and Undocumented Immigrants...27 African immigrants Afro-Caribbean immigrants Alien and Sedition Acts Alien land laws...46 Amerasians...49 American Jewish Committee...53 Anglo-conformity...54 Anti-Irish Riots of Arab American intergroup relations...60 Arab American stereotypes Arab immigrants...67 Ashkenazic and German Jewish immigrants...75 Asian American education...77 Asian American Legal Defense Fund Asian American literature Asian American stereotypes Asian American women Asian Indian immigrants Asian Indian immigrants and family customs...98 Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance Assimilation theories Au pairs Bangladeshi immigrants in the United States Bilingual education Bilingual Education Act of Border Patrol, U.S Bracero program Brain Drain British as dominant group Burlingame Treaty v

2 Cable Act California gold rush Cambodian immigrants Canadian immigrants Celtic Irish Censuses, U.S Chicano movement Chinatowns Chinese American Citizens Alliance Chinese detentions in New York Chinese Exclusion Act Chinese exclusion cases Chinese immigrants Chinese immigrants and California s gold rush Chinese immigrants and family customs Chinese Six Companies Citizenship Clotilde slave ship Coast Guard, U.S Coolies Cuban immigrants Cuban immigrants and African Americans Cuban refugee policy Cultural pluralism Demographics of immigration Deportation Discrimination Domestic Abuse as a Protected Category (Asylum) Dominican immigrants The DREAM Act Eastern European Jewish immigrants English-only and official English movements Ethnic enclaves Euro-Americans European immigrant literature European immigrants, European immigrants, E-Verify Employment Verification System Family businesses Farmworkers unions vi

3 Federal riot of Filipino immigrants Filipino immigrants and family customs Florida illegal-immigrant suit Garment industry Gay Lesbian Transgender Immigrants and Asylum Seekers Generational acculturation Gentlemen s Agreement German and Irish immigration of the 1840 s German immigrants González rescue Green cards Gypsy immigrants H-1B Visa Haitian boat people Haitian immigrants Hansen effect Hawaiian and Pacific islander immigrants Head money cases Helsinki Watch report on U.S. refugee policy History of U.S. immigration Hmong immigrants Homeland Security Department: Hull-House Human Smuggling (or Human Trafficking) Illegal aliens Immigrant advantage Immigrants in sports Immigration Act of Immigration Act of Immigration Act of Immigration Act of Immigration Act of Immigration and Nationality Act of Immigration and Nationality Act of Immigration and Naturalization Service Immigration and Naturalization Service V. Chadha Immigration crisis Immigration in film Immigration law vii

4 Immigration Reform and Control Act of Indentured servitude viii

5 Complete List of Contents Accent Discrimination, 25 Affordable Care Act and Undocumented Immigrants, 27 African immigrants, 31 Afro-Caribbean immigrants, 39 Alien and Sedition Acts, 43 Alien land laws, 46 Amerasians, 49 American Jewish Committee, 53 Anglo-conformity, 45 Anti-Irish Riots of 1844, 56 Arab American intergroup relations, 60 Arab American stereotypes, 65 Arab immigrants, 67 Ashkenazic and German Jewish immigrants,. 75 Asian American education, 77 Asian American Legal Defense Fund, 82 Asian American literature, 83 Asian American stereotypes, 87 Asian American women, 89 Asian Indian immigrants, 93 Asian Indian immigrants and family customs, 98 Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance, 102 Assimilation theories, 105 Au pairs, 109 Bangladeshi immigrants in the United States. 110 Bilingual education, 114 Bilingual Education Act of 1968, 119 Border Patrol, U.S, 125 Bracero program, 131 Brain Drain, 135 British as dominant group, 138 Burlingame Treaty, 141 Cable Act, 145 Volume 1 California gold rush, 146 Cambodian immigrants, 150 Canadian immigrants, 155 Celtic Irish, 159 Censuses, U.S., 160 Chicano movement, 165 Chinatowns, 170 Chinese American Citizens Alliance, 173 Chinese detentions in New York, 178 Chinese Exclusion Act, 180 Chinese exclusion cases, 184 Chinese immigrants, 186 Chinese immigrants and California s gold rush, 190 Chinese immigrants and family customs,194 Chinese Six Companies, 199 Citizenship, 203 Clotilde slave ship, 207 Coast Guard, U.S., 211 Coolies, 213 Cuban immigrants, 215 Cuban immigrants and African Americans, 219 Cuban refugee policy, 223 Cultural pluralism, 226 Demographics of immigration, 229 Deportation, 234 Discrimination, 240 Domestic Abuse as a Protected Category (Asylum), 246 Dominican immigrants, 250 The DREAM Act, 254 Eastern European Jewish immigrants, 258 English-only and official English movements, 261 Ethnic enclaves, 266 ix

6 Euro-Americans, 269 European immigrant literature, 270 European immigrants, , 280 European immigrants, , 284 E-Verify Employment Verification System, 290 Family businesses, 293 Farmworkers unions, 298 Federal riot of 1799, 305 Filipino immigrants, 306 Filipino immigrants and family customs, 311 Florida illegal-immigrant suit, 314 Garment industry, 316 Gay Lesbian Transgender Immigrants and Asylum Seekers, 319 Generational acculturation, 323 Gentlemen s Agreement, 327 German and Irish immigration of the 1840 s, 331 German immigrants, 334 González rescue, 339 Green cards, 342 Gypsy immigrants, 344 H-1B Visa, 346 Haitian boat people, 350 Haitian immigrants, 353 Hansen effect, 355 Hawaiian and Pacific islander immigrants 356 Head money cases, 361 Helsinki Watch report on U.S. refugee policy, 362 History of U.S. immigration, 367 Hmong immigrants, 375 Homeland Security Department: 2003, 378 Hull-House, 382 Human Smuggling (or Human Trafficking), 384 Illegal aliens, 388 Immigrant advantage, 392 Immigrants in sports, 393 Immigration Act of 1917, 399 Immigration Act of 1921, 403 Immigration Act of 1924, 408 Immigration Act of 1943, 413 Immigration Act of 1990, 416 Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, 417 Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, 421 Immigration and Naturalization Service, 425 Immigration and Naturalization Service V. Chadha, 430 Immigration crisis, 431 Immigration in film. 435 Immigration law, 439 Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, 446 Indentured servitude, 450 Volume 2 Indigenous superordination, 455 International adoptions, 455 Iranian immigrants, 460 Irish immigrants, 463 Irish immigrants and African Americans, 467 Irish immigrants and discrimination, 468 Irish stereotypes, 469 Israeli immigrants, 471 Italian immigrants, 475 Jamaican immigrants, 480 Jamestown colony, 483 Japanese American Citizens League, 487 Japanese American internment, 491 Japanese immigrants, 495 Japanese Peruvians, 499 Japanese segregation in California schools, 501 Jewish immigrants, 505 Jewish settlement of New York, 511 Jews and Arab Americans, 515 x

7 Justice and immigration, 520 Know-Nothing Party, 526 Korean immigrants, 527 Korean immigrants and family customs, 530 Ku Klux Klan, 534 Laotian immigrants, 538 Latinos, 541 Latinos and employment, 547 Latinos and family customs, 552 Lau v. Nichols, 557 League of United Latin American Citizens Literature. 565 Little Havana, 570 Little Italies, 572 Little Tokyos, 574 Machine politics, 576 Mail-order brides, 578 Mariel boatlift, 581 Medical examination of immigrants and refugees, 586 Melting pot, 589 Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund, 592 Mexican deportations during the Depression, 595 Middle Eastern immigrant families, 598 Migrant superordination, 602 Migration, 603 Model minorities, 609 Mongrelization, 614 Muslims, 615 Nativism, 619 Naturalization, 622 Naturalization Act of 1790, 629 Nguyen v. Immigration and Naturalization. Service. 630 Nigerian immigrants, 631 Operation Wetback, 635 Ozawa v. United States. 639 Page law, 642 Pakistani immigrants, 646 Palmer raids, 650 Picture brides, 655 Plyler v. Doe, 656 Polish immigrants, 659 Proposition 187, 663 Proposition 227, 665 Push and pull factors, 669 Racial and ethnic demographic trends, 671 Real ID Act, 677 Refugee fatigue, 680 Refugee Relief Act of 1953, 681 Refugees and racial/ethnic relations, 685 Russian immigrants, 689 Sacco and Vanzetti trial, 692 Santería, 696 Scandinavian immigrants, 697 Scotch-Irish immigrants, 701 The Secure Fence Act, 702 Sephardic Jews, 705 September 11 terrorist attacks, 707 Settlement house movement, 7013 Shadow wolves (Native American INS tracking unit), 717 Sikh immigrants, 719 Southeast Asian immigrants, 721 Soviet Jewish immigrants, 725 Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act 727 Taiwanese immigrants, 730 Thai garment worker enslavement, 732 Tibetan immigrants, 735 Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire, 736 Twice migrants, 738 Unaccompanied children as immigrants, 739 Undocumented workers, 744 Universal Negro Improvement Association, 745 Vietnamese immigrants, 749 Visas, 754 xi

8 War brides, 759 War Brides Act, 764 West Indian immigrants, 767 White ethnics, 770 Women immigrants, 772 Wong Kim Ark case, 776 Xenophobia, 779 Yellow peril campaign, 784 Zadvydas v. Davis, 788 U.S. State briefs Alabama, 791 Alaska, 783 Arizona, 795 Arkansas, 797 California, 799 Colorado, 803 Connecticut, 805 Delaware, 808 Florida, 811 Georgia, 813 Hawaii, 815 Idaho, 818 Illinois, 820 Indiana, 823 Iowa, 825 Kansas, 827 Kentucky, 829 Louisiana, 831 Maine, 833 Maryland, 835 Massachusetts, 838 Michigan, 841 Minnesota, 843 Mississippi, 845 Missouri, 847 Montana, 849 Nebraska, 851 Nevada, 853 New Hampshire, 855 New Jersey, 857 New Mexico, 859 New York City, 861 New York State, 866 North Carolina, 868 North Dakota, 871 Ohio, 873 Oklahoma, 876 Oregon, 879 Pennsylvania, 883 Rhode Island, 886 South Carolina, 887 South Dakota, 890 Tennessee, 892 Texas, 894 Utah, 898 Vermont, 900 Virginia, 903 Washington, D.C., 906 Washington State, 908 West Virginia, 910 Wisconsin, 912 Wyoming, 915 Appendices Bibliography, 919 Time Line of U.S. Immigration History, 929 Statistical Tables, 943 Indexes Category Index, 1053 Subject Index, 1065 xii

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