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1 POLITECNICO DI TORINO Repository ISTITUZIONALE Global effects of local food-production crises: a virtual water perspective Original Global effects of local food-production crises: a virtual water perspective / Tamea, Stefania; Laio, Francesco; Ridolfi, Luca. - In: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS. - ISSN ELETTRONICO. - 6:18803(2016). Availability: This version is available at: 11583/ since: T16:34:12Z Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Published DOI: /srep18803 Terms of use: openaccess This article is made available under terms and conditions as specified in the corresponding bibliographic Publisher copyright (Article begins on next page) 18 January 2018
2 Global effects of local food-production crises: a virtual water perspective Stefania Tamea 1,, Francesco Laio 1, and Luca Ridolfi 1 Politecnico di Torino, Dept. of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Turin, Italy ( ) stefania.tamea@polito.it SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION All figures are authors elaborationswith Matlab R R14 softwareand maps are created with the Mapping Toolbox, v ( Temporal trends of virtual water in Argentina VW volumes of production (km 3 ) VW volumes of trade (km 3 ) export import years years Figure S1: Virtual water volumes embedded in agricultural primary production (left) and in trade (right) of Argentina in different years (data are expressed in km 3 ). i
3 Identification of high-consuming and low-consuming countries in Figure S2: Per capita volume of virtual water associated to the internal availability of food (food supply + stock) in each country in 2011 (in m 3 /person). Impact versus vulnerability as a function of countries wealth Vulnerability 10 1 COL MEX POL TUR ZAF POPULATION (Mp): 1000 KEN IRN MAR IRQ DZA AGO PRK JPN COD PHL AFG BGD SAU GBR BEL KOR NGA TZA EGY PAK ETH NLD ITA DEU FRA ESP VNM CHN MYS CAN USA RUS THA IDN AUS UKR IND MLI NER MMR ARG BRA =300 TCD =10 Color legend: e 9 10e 8 10e 7 10e 6 10e 5 10e Impact Figure S3: Absolute impact versus vulnerability of world countries with circle sizes indicating country populations (in million people) and colors scaled according to the per-capita GDP of countries (in US dollars/person/year). ii
4 Temporal variation of indexes by country Relative variation [-] of absolute impact Relative variation [-] of normalized impact Relative variation [-] of vulnerability Figure S4: Relative variation of absolute impact (above), normalized impact (middle) and vulnerability (below) by country, from 1986 (or the first year of country activity) to iii
5 Impact and vulnerability of countries Table S1: Values of absolute impact, I a, normalized impact, I n, and vulnerability V of all countries in Country Country code I a I n V Afghanistan AFG 1.53e Albania ALB 1.59e Algeria DZA 9.50e American Samoa ASM 7.08e Angola AGO 1.23e Antigua and Barbuda ATG 9.74e Argentina ARG 3.35e Armenia ARM 2.85e Australia AUS 2.17e Austria AUT 8.87e Azerbaijan AZE 2.10e Bahamas BHS 3.79e Bahrain BHR 3.95e Bangladesh BGD 3.11e Barbados BRB 1.69e Belarus BLR 6.63e Belgium BEL 2.02e Belize BLZ 7.89e Benin BEN 1.41e Bermuda BMU 3.38e Bhutan BTN 1.67e Bolivia BOL 1.11e Bosnia and Herzegovina BIH 1.38e Botswana BWA 2.08e Brazil BRA 5.52e Brunei Darussalam BRN 1.26e Bulgaria BGR 2.24e Burkina Faso BFA 1.07e Burundi BDI 4.42e Cambodia KHM 4.02e Cameroon CMR 1.83e Canada CAN 2.06e Cape Verde CPV 7.74e Cayman Islands CYM 3.07e CAR CAF 3.62e Chad TCD 6.19e Chile CHL 7.18e Hong Kong HKG 1.31e Macao MAC 4.29e China (mainland) CHN 9.15e Taiwan TWN 2.08e Colombia COL 1.78e Comoros COM 4.05e iv
6 Country Country code I a I n V Congo COG 2.87e Congo DR COD 7.34e Cook Islands COK 3.51e Costa Rica CRI 7.32e Cote d Ivoire CIV 6.91e Croatia HRV 3.20e Cuba CUB 4.13e Cyprus CYP 7.58e Czech Republic CZE 1.04e Denmark DNK 2.36e Djibouti DJI 2.60e Dominica DMA 1.75e Dominican Republic DOM 4.77e Ecuador ECU 2.28e Egypt EGY 8.58e El Salvador SLV 5.19e Equatorial Guinea GNQ 1.36e Eritrea ERI 1.32e Estonia EST 1.76e Ethiopia ETH 1.36e Falkland Islands FLK 1.18e Faroe Islands FRO 2.86e Fiji FJI 6.74e Finland FIN 2.52e France FRA 8.26e French Polynesia PYF 3.83e Gabon GAB 4.12e Gambia GMB 8.71e Georgia GEO 7.57e Germany DEU 6.55e Ghana GHA 5.81e Greece GRC 7.81e Greenland GRL 6.83e Grenada GRD 3.02e Guam GUM 1.23e Guatemala GTM 1.81e Guinea GIN 1.97e Guinea-Bissau GNB 6.47e Guyana GUY 1.60e Haiti HTI 2.65e Honduras HND 1.03e Hungary HUN 2.86e Iceland ISL 8.43e India IND 3.74e Indonesia IDN 3.81e Iran IRN 5.07e Iraq IRQ 2.39e v
7 Country Country code I a I n V Ireland IRL 1.12e Israel ISR 1.11e Italy ITA 3.17e Jamaica JAM 7.19e Japan JPN 1.07e Jordan JOR 2.23e Kazakhstan KAZ 4.08e Kenya KEN 7.07e Kiribati KIR 3.22e Korea DPR PRK 2.03e Korea R KOR 3.76e Kuwait KWT 1.05e Kyrgyzstan KGZ 1.08e Laos LAO 2.87e Latvia LVA 2.96e Lebanon LBN 9.52e Lesotho LSO 9.20e Liberia LBR 3.49e Libya LBY 5.76e Lithuania LTU 7.24e Macedonia MKD 6.29e Madagascar MDG 6.01e Malawi MWI 8.72e Malaysia MYS 1.90e Maldives MDV 1.06e Mali MLI 3.20e Malta MLT 4.29e Marshall Islands MHL 1.57e Mauritania MRT 1.67e Mauritius MUS 7.02e Mayotte MYT 0.00e+000 NaN Mexico MEX 4.20e Micronesia FSM 7.76e Moldova MDA 5.96e Mongolia MNG 1.62e Montenegro MNE 4.75e Montserrat MSR 1.89e Morocco MAR 4.13e Mozambique MOZ 5.07e Myanmar MMR 1.49e Namibia NAM 6.94e Nauru NRU 2.71e Nepal NPL 2.24e Netherlands NLD 3.43e Netherlands Antilles ANT -2.03e New Caledonia NCL 1.30e New Zealand NZL 2.42e vi
8 Country Country code I a I n V Nicaragua NIC 8.34e Niger NER 2.28e Nigeria NGA 3.20e Niue NIU 2.63e Norway NOR 1.19e Palestine PSE 1.41e Oman OMN 9.58e Pakistan PAK 6.31e Palau PLW 0.00e+000 NaN Panama PAN 1.23e Papua New Guinea PNG 8.39e Paraguay PRY 4.19e Peru PER 1.22e Philippines PHL 2.25e Poland POL 3.33e Portugal PRT 9.06e Qatar QAT 3.83e Romania ROU 2.36e Russian Federation RUS 1.06e Rwanda RWA 2.41e Saint Helena SHN 0.00e+000 NaN Saint Kitts and Nevis KNA 4.24e Saint Lucia LCA 2.06e Saint Pierre and Miquelon SPM 1.26e Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VCT 5.97e Samoa WSM 5.87e Sao Tome and Principe STP 5.98e Saudi Arabia SAU 2.00e Senegal SEN 3.40e Serbia SRB 1.01e Seychelles SYC 3.14e Sierra Leone SLE 7.76e Singapore SGP 4.14e Slovakia SVK 4.83e Slovenia SVN 2.07e Solomon Islands SLB 5.17e Somalia SOM 2.84e South Africa ZAF 2.35e Spain ESP 7.51e Sri Lanka LKA 1.21e Suriname SUR 5.05e Swaziland SWZ 6.86e Sweden SWE 4.00e Switzerland CHE 3.94e Syria SYR 3.29e Tajikistan TJK 2.04e Tanzania TZA 1.54e vii
9 Country Country code I a I n V Thailand THA 2.27e Timor-Leste TLS 1.77e Togo TGO 7.80e Tonga TON 4.76e Trinidad and Tobago TTO 1.59e Tunisia TUN 9.03e Turkey TUR 3.19e Turkmenistan TKM 1.58e Tuvalu TUV 3.68e Uganda UGA 1.68e Ukraine UKR 1.05e UAE ARE 1.85e UK GBR 1.62e USA USA 7.45e Uruguay URY 3.86e Uzbekistan UZB 6.06e Vanuatu VUT 7.38e Venezuela VEN 2.32e Vietnam VNM 5.72e Yemen YEM 2.71e Zambia ZMB 8.94e Zimbabwe ZWE 5.01e viii
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