LABOR ISSUES, MIGRATORY WORKFORCE, WORKING CONDITIONS AND SAFETY AT SEA

Transcription

1 ENHANCE THE COMPETITIVENESS OF ASEAN FISH AND FISHERY PRODUCTS LABOR ISSUES, MIGRATORY WORKFORCE, WORKING CONDITIONS AND SAFETY AT SEA SOMBOON SIRIRAKSOPHON POLICY AND PROGRAM COORDINATOR, SEAFDEC SECRETARIAT THE STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION ON REGIONAL COOPERATION IN SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT 1-2 March 2016

2 LABOR HUMAN TRAFFICKING SLAVERY MARKET DRIVEN MEASURES + LABOR ISSUES ü IMPACTS TO FISHERIES INDUSTRY? ü WHOSE RESPONSIBILITY? What is a responsibility of Fisheries Authority? Challenges for AMS and SEAFDEC dealing on Labor

3 A ü Working+living condikon at sea ü Legal framework ü GLP ü Coastal State Responsibility ImmigraGon Policy (Sending Side) Passport Permit Training/InformaKon Visa Permit to work MOU Private Agent COUNTRY A COUNTRY B (High- Sea) (EEZ) ImmigraGon Policy (Recipient Side) Passport Visa work Permit Check Contract documents etc Private Agent B ü Working+living condikon ü Legal framework ü GLP ü Flag State Responsibility X ü Working condikon at plants ü Legal framework ü GLP

4 OTHER ISSUES AND CHALLENGES ON LABOR ASPECTS Low wages, inadequate social security Workers are unskilled, lack of training, unaware of the requirements for safety at sea Possessing fake or no legal documents, subjected to forced labor, child labor, human trafficking Poor working condikons, unfair treatment by employers Limited capacity for inspeckon of fishing vessels at sea for compliance with sea safety

5 Key AcGon 1) EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES & WORKING/LIVING CONDITIONS AT SEA + PROCESSING PLANTS ü Apply the exiskng Standards/ Instruments/ (ILO- C188, IMO/FAO/ILO Guidelines, COC, etc ) ü Develop NaKonal Good Labor PracKces (GLP) ü Align the nakonal legislakon with the Int s Instruments ü Awareness building ü Training/ Capacity Building ü Establish Labor unions/associagons: at nagonal and Regional levels

6 Key AcGon 2) EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF FISHERIES e.g IUU fishing, registragons, surveillances ü Improvement of registrakon (vessels and fishers), fishing and boat licenses; ü Surveillances at sea, port, landing site, processing plants; ü Strengthen: coastal state, port state, flag state responsibilikes ü Strengthen the Inter- agency CooperaKon ü Enhancing the Public- Private CooperaKon ü Awareness Campaign to boat owner, processing plants

7 Key AcGon 3) MIGRANT WORKER POLICY: Sending, and Receiving Country ü Rules and prackces to be established between states (establish MOUs) ü Improve ability to implement MOUs (issue passport, visa, work permit, seaman s book) ü Easy and regulated/registered - access ü Surveillance at borders of people and goods crossing ü Surveillance at border ü Public- Private CooperaKon

8 Key AcGon 4) HUMAN TRAFFICKING ü Reinforce policy maders ü Strengthen inter- ministerial coordinakon (Ministries, Embassies etc) ü Strengthen surveillance (police, coast guard, etc.) ü Involve private sector, NGOs, CSOs ü Surveillance (police, coast guard, etc) ü Public- Private CooperaKon (Private sector, NGOs, CSOs)

9 International, Regional Instruments/ Standard/Guidelines Existing 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15) 16) 17) 18) 19) 20) 21) 22) The ConvenKon for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 (SOLAS) key treaty concerning the safety of merchant & passenger vessels The United NaKons ConvenKon on the Law of the Sea, 1982 (UNCLOS) State jurisdickon over vessels & ackvikes at sea. The Torremolinos InternaKonal ConvenKon for the Safety of Fishing Vessels, 1977, replaced by Torremolinos Protocol, 1993 The InternaKonal ConvenKon on Standards of Training, CerKficaKon and Watch keeping for Fishing Vessel Personnel, 1995 The FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries, 1995 (CCRF) Decent work and safety at sea in fishing (joint FAO/IMO ad hoc Working Group on Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing and related Maders since 2000). The InternaKonal Plan of AcKon to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported & Unregulated Fishing, 2001 (IPOA- IUU) The Technical Guidelines on Aquaculture CerKficaKon, 2011 The Document for Guidance on Training and CerKficaKon of Fishing Vessel Personnel, 2001, The Voluntary Guidelines for the Design, ConstrucKon and Equipment of Small Fishing Vessels, 2005 The Code of Safety for Fishermen and Fishing Vessels, 2005 The MariKme Labor ConvenKon, 2006 (MLC), except ships engaged in fishing (who are regulated by the Work in Fishing ConvenKon, 2007 (No. 188) The Guidelines for Port State Control Officers carrying out inspeckons under the Work in Fishing ConvenKon, 2007 (No. 188) ILO ConvenKon 188 on Work in Fishing (2007): Applies to all fishers and all fishing vessels engaged in commercial fishing World Summit of the United NaKons General Assembly (2005), (High Level Segment of the UN s Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) (2006) and the Chief ExecuKves Board for CoordinaKon (CEB) of the UN system (2007): Employment, human right The Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate IUU Fishing, 2009 (PSMA) The Safety recommendakons for decked fishing vessels of less than 12 m in length and undecked fishing vessels, 2012, The Voluntary Guidelines for the Responsible Governance of Tenure and Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of NaKonal Food Security (VGGT) (FAO: 2012, FAO 2013) The ILO Protocol on Forced Labour, 2014, ILO InspecKon Guidelines, (2015) The Voluntary Guidelines for Flag State Performance, 2014 The Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small- Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty EradicaKon, 2014 (VGSSF guidelines) Trans- Pacific Partnership Agreement Improving the nakonal legislakon & Implement ASEAN Guidelines

10 WAY FORWARD RTC on Labor Aspects (25-27 Feb. 16) Draoing of Joint DeclaraKon on CombaKng IUU Fishing and Enhancing the CompeKKveness of ASEAN fish and fishery Products (3-4 March 16) Stakeholders ConsultaKon on CombaKng IUU Fishing and Enhancing the CompeKKveness of ASEAN fish and fishery Products (1-2 March 16) Endorsement processes by SEAFDEC Council and ASEAN at ASWGFI (April June) High- level ConsultaKons for Joint DeclaraKon (3 August 16) Regional Program by SEAFDEC