CONTENTS Page Foreword to the First Edition by Dr. V. J. Kaye................ 7-10 Publisher's Introduction to the Second Edition.................. 11-12 Acknowledgements - to the First Edition.......... Acknowledgements - to the Second Edition................... 13-14 THE FIRST ERA - PIONEER ERA Social and Politioal Factors in Ukrainian Immigration to Canada.... 17 The Beginning of Ukrainian Immigration and the Year 1891........ 23 Dr. 0. Oleskiw, Promoter of Mass Movement of Ukrainian Settlers to Canada................................................... 28 The Year 1896................................................ 36 The Years of Intensive Immigration (1897-1914).................. 41 Geographic Distribution of Ukrairnan SetJtlements in Pioneer Days.... 66 Canadian West at the End of 19th Century...................... 68 Welcome New-Comers and Racial Prejudice...................... 74 First Steps in Homeland and Canada.......................... 78 Homesteaders and Labourers.................................. 92 The Religious Question........................................ 99 Public School Education........................................ 114 Private School System of Educartion................... 151 Bursas and Institutions............................... 154 Cultural Educational Work..................... 161-218 First Sprouts-Manitoba 162, Alberta 167, Saskatchewan 173, The Faraway West 176, Eastern Canada 180, Ontario 211 Participation in Municipal and Political Life...................... 219 The First Businesmen and Professionals......................... 234 The Press............................ 238-296 U.S.A.: Svoboda, 238, Manitoba: Canadian Farmer 240, Word 262, Morning (Dawn) 263, The Red Banner 265, The Working People 266, The Ukrainian Voice 267, Canadian Ruthenian 270; Alberta: The New Society 272, News 272, The Canadian 275, The Ukrainian Evangelist 275, Progress 275; Saskatchewan: The New Country 276, Winnipeg: Canada 278, Canadian News 280, Magazines, 280, Publications for Youth 282; Eastern Canada: Witness of the Truth 283, The Star 284, The Workers' Word 285, Humorous Newspapers 286, The Bilingual Press 287, The Russophile Press 288, The New Movement 295, The Ukrainian Labor News 295 Literature of the Pioneers...................... 297-308 Poetic Folklore 297, Prose 303 The First Book Editions, Book Stores and Publishing Establishments 309 Three Basic Characteristics of the Ukrainian Oanadian Entity in the Pioneer Era and the Role of the Press...................... 312 Culture Ties with Motherland.................................. 320 Ukrainian Participation in Military Formations of the First World War 324 Aid to the Cause of the Ukraine's Liberation.................... 328
966 UKRAINIAN CANADIANS: A HISTORY Relations with Federal Government and Ukrainian Canadian Citizens Conun:ittee................................................ 331 Ukrainian National Council......... 335 Struggle for Consummation of Ukrainian Entity................... 338 II THE SECOND ERA ERA OF DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESSES Introduction................................................. 349 Migration and Immigration.................................. 351 Political Situation in Ukraine and the Inflow of the New Im.migration 357 St. Raphael's Ukrainian Immigrants Welfare Association of Canada 365 Uk,rainian Im.migration and Colonization Bureau, and Other Immigration Foundations............................................ 369 To the Characteristics of Second Im.migration................. 371 Aid to the Homeland Unites Ukrainians Religiously and Politically.. 374 Canadian Sitch Organization................................... 393 Ukr.ainian Self-Reliance League............................ 395 Ukrainian War Veterans Association-Ukrainian National Federation 398 Ukrainian Catholic Brotherhood............................. 401 Ukrainian Labour and Farmers' Temple Association.............. 403 Ukrainian Workers' League (U.W.L.)................ 407 The Ukraini an Labour Association.............................. 409 League of British Ukraixrians.................................. 410 Women's Organizaitions................................. 411-417 Ukrainian Women's Association of Canada 412, The Ukrainian Women's Organization 413, The Ukrainian Catholic Women's League 415, Women's Council 416 Youth Organi..mtions....................... 417-421 Canadian Ukrainian Youth Association 418, Ukrainian National Youth Federation 419, Ukrainian Catholic Youth 419, Student Organizations 419 Mutual Benefit Associations.................................... 421 Local Organizations........................................... 422 Third Stage.................................................. 424 Cooperative Movement........................................ 429 Agricultural Achievement...................................... 431 Integration in the Political Sphere............................... 434 Schools and the Teaching Staff................................. 441 Cultwal Identification......................................... 448 Religious Matters......................................... 460-469 Ukrainian Catholic Church (Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church) 461, The Basilian Order 462, Sister Servants 462, Redemptorist Fathers 464, Order of Oblate Fathers 464, Ukrainian Greek Orthodox Church 465, Protestant Churches 467
CONTENTS 967 The Press 470-498 Winnipeg: Canadian Farmer 472, Canadian Morning 472, National Press 473, The Canadian Sitch 475, Truth & Liberty 475, Veterans News 476, The Truth 476, Specific Publications 477, Political & Literary Publications 477, Economic Publications 478, Youth Publications 479, Humour & Satire 480, The Anglo-Ukrainian Press 481, Other Publications 482. Western Canada: 484, Alberta Publications 487, Other Alberta Publications 487, Saskatchewan 488, Yorkton 488, Canora 489. Eastern Canada: 489, Toronto 489, Ottawa, Montreal and Oshawa 492. Moscophile Press 493, The Communist Press 494 Literature............................................... 499-536 Three National Groups in Poetry and Prose 499, The Marxist Group 533, The Anglo-Saxon Group 535 The Living Ties with the Land of Their Fathers................... 537 The Developmental Processes of National Consummation.......... 544 Ukrainian National Council........................... 545 Events in Europe Lead to United Action......................... 545 THE THIRD ERA - III ERA OF CONSUMMATION Introduction................................................ 557 Ukrainian Efforts in the Second World War...................... 558 Activities of Ukrainian-Canadians in the Immigration of Displaced Persons to Canada...................................... 561 Ukrainian Canadi,an Relief Fund............................... 564 Mission of Ukrainian Canadian Relief Fund,in the British Zone in Germany................................................... 566 Social Structure of Third lmmigrailion........................... 568 Distribution of Ukrainians in Third Period....................... 572 Achievements and Integration................................... 577 Cooperative Credit Movement................................ 582 The Church Life.......................................... 582-592 Ukrainian Catholic Church (U.C.C.) 585, The Ukrainian Greek Orthodox Church (U.G.O.C.) 589, The Ukrainian Evangelical Alliance (U.E.A.) 591, The Ukrainian Evangelical Baptist Alliance (U.E.B. A.) 592 Ramification and Co-ordination of Community Life........... 593-608 The Ukrainian Canadian Veterans' Association 593, New Immigration merges with Community Life 595, Learned Societies Support the cause of U.C.C. 596, War Veterans' Organization 598, Ukrainian Canadian Youth Council 599, Ukrainian Canadian Committee-Women's Council 601, Dominion-Wide Community Organizations 602, Organizations Outside the System 608 Ukrainian Language in Public Schools and Universities......... 625-631 Saskatchewan 626, Alberta 626, Manitoba 627, Private Schools 628
968 UKRAINIAN CANADIANS: A HISTORY Press The General Community Press: Weeklies 632, Toronto and the East 634, Winnipeg - and the West 640. The Religious Press: The Catholic Press 643, The Orthodox Press 646, The Protestant or Evangelival Press 646, The Pro-Communist Press 649, Characteristics of the Press 651 632-653 Radio, Television and Film.................................... 654 Scholars in Various Fields...................................... 657 Poets and Writers............................................. 664 Creative Artists................ 671 Music and Otoral Art......................................... 675 Theaitre and Ballet............................................ 677 Tiaras Shevchenko Foundation...................... 680 Horizontal and Vertical Imegration.......................... 683-710 Manitoba 685, Alberta 687, Saskatchewan 688, Ontario 706, Members of Federal Parliament 707, Senate, Judicial, and Other Appointments 708 Pan-American Ukrainian Conference............................ 711 Ukrainian Canadians Initiate the World Congress of Free Ukrainians 713 Assimilating Processes......................................... 716 DECADE OF MULTICULTURALISM A Decade of Development of Constitutional Grounds for Multicultural Canada............................................... 725 Expansion of Ukrainian Studies Courses..................... 732-742 The First All-Canadian Conference on the Ukrainian Studies Courses, 732; Role of the Federation of Ukrainian Professional and Businessmen's Clubs in the Deve/opmen t of Ukrainian Studies, 733; Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies and Canadian Foundation for Ukrainian Studies, 735; Chair of Ukrainian Studies at the University of Toronto, 737; St. Andrew's College: The Centre for Ukrainian Canadian Studies at the University of Manitoba, 738; New Establishments and Institutions - Past and Present, 739. School Question in the Period of Multiculturalism............. 743-754 Alberta, 743; Manitoba, 745; Saskatchewan, 747; Ontario, 748; Ridna Shkola in the Prairie Provinces, 750; British Columbia, 753; Quebec, 753. New Talents in Creative Arts................................... 756 Association of Artists and Art Galleries........... 761 Ukrainian Canadian Writers' Association.................... 763-766 Slovo, 763; Association of the Ukrainian Cultural Workers ( A. U. C. W.), 764; " Kozub" Ukrainian Arts Society, 765; Literary Artists in English and others, 765. Press and Association of Ukrainian Journalists................... 767 Stage and Related Professions............ 772 Radio, Television and Film in the Era of Multiculturalism...... 780-787 Radio, 780; Television, 782; Films, 783.
CONTENTS 969 Ukrainian Canadian Committee and Its Organizations......... 805-819 Ukrainian Catholic Brotherhood of Canada, 806; Ukrainian Self-Reliance League (U.S.R.L.), 807; Ukrainian National Federation, 808; The Canadian League for the Liberation of Ukraine (C.L.L. U.), 809; Ukrainian Canadian Veteran's Association (U. C. V.A.), 811; Ukrainian Canadian Professional and Business Federation (U. C.P.B.F), 811; Ukrainian Canadian Committee Women's Council (U. C. C. W. C.), 814; Ukrainian Canadian Foundation of Taras Shevchenko, 814; Youth Organizations at the Executive of UCC, 814; Ukrainian Canadian University Students' Union (SUSK), 814; P/ast, 815; Ukrainian Democratic Youth Association (ODUM), 816; Charitable Organizations and Mutual Benefit Associations, 816; Ukrainian Canadian Committee and World Congress of Free Ukrainians, 817; Others outside UCC Systems, 818. Ukrainian Churches: Symbol of Cultural and Religious Identity....................................... 820-825 Ukrainian Catholic Church (UCC), 820; Ukrainian Greek-Orthodox Church (UGOC), 822; Evangelical Churches, 824. Museums, Monuments, Foundations, Funds...................... 826 The Legacy of Written Words............. 829 Integration Processes...................................... 851-867 Co-operative Movement in the Seventies, 851; Integration in the Economic Field, 856; Integration in the Public Field, 862: Manitoba and Alberta, 862; Saskatchewan, 864; Ontario, 865; House of Commons, 865; Senate, 867. Summary of Social Processes in Ukrainian Community during the Decade of Multiculturalism......................... 868 Ideological Principles......................................... 873 Supplement.................................................. 877 Appendix................................................... 879 Illustrations: THE FIRST ERA................. Between Pages 47-62 124-140 181-208 241-260 THE SECOND ERA............. Between Pages 377-392 505-528 THE THIRD ERA............... Between Pages 609-624 689-704 DECADE OF MULTICULTURALISM Between Pages 788-804 833-850 Index on page 970
970 UKRAINIAN CANADIANS: A HISTORY Index............. 855 Subject Index................................................ 885 Personal Names.............................................. 887 Church, Parishes, Church Organizations......................... 920 Lay Organizations and Co-operatives............................ 923 Schools, Education (Institutes, Bursas, Academies, etc.)... 934 Printed Word (Print, Bindery, Shops, Publications)..... 936 Geographic Names of Countries, Places, etc...................... 943 Bibliography to the First Edition............................... 949 Bibliography to the Second Edition............................. 957